高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题附答案解析(6)

高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题附答案解析(6)
高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题附答案解析(6)

高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题附答案解析(6)

一、选择题

1.-------Do you need any help, Lucy?

-------Yes. The job is _________ I could do myself.

A.less than B.more than C.no more than D.not more than 2.She complained that she________ him for more than twenty years and she stil l didn’t know what went on inside his head.

A.had been married to B.had been married

C.had married with D.had married

3.In the past, a needle like a small sword could be used for letting liquid out of body parts which had______.

A.swollen up B.linked up C.dropped out D.worn out

4.Jack part in the exam because of his cheating in the last exam.

A.is banned to take B.is banned from taking

C.banned from taking D.banned to take

5.Since then the number of people taking driving Lessons 20%.

A.has increased to B.have increased to

C.has increased by D.have increased by

6.According to an April 8 report from WTO, world trade is expected to fall _______13 to 32 percent in 2020 due to the disruption of CO VID-19.

A.to B.in C.by D.of

7.According to strict guideli nes, Japan’s new era name(年号) ______ only two characters should be easy to read and write. ______ that, it should not employ common names or the first character of any of the last four eras.

A.making up; Apart from B.consisting of; Aside from

C.which made up of; Besides D.which consisted of; Except for

8.I’m ______ a diet, since I put ______ weight easily.

A.in; on B.on; in C.in; in D.on; on

9.He was allowed to go swimming _______ he kept near the other boys.

A.on condition that B.as far as C.even if D.as though

10.Our school__________ the students to collect used batteries, ___________ a better environment.

A.appealed; in the hope of B.appealed; in the hope that

C.appealed to; in the hope of D.appealed to; in the hope that

11.He fell in love__________Mary and asked her to marry__________him.

A.to;with B.with;to

C.with;with D.with;/

12.The whole area was ____________ by the snow, and the government had to send food there by helicopter.

A.cut away B.cut up C.cut off D.cut down

13.______of all the staff,I would like to wish you a happy retirement.

A.In honour B.In place C.On behalf D.On account 14.It’s a pity that Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院) ________ fire on April 16, 2019. A.set B.made C.caught D.put

15.They are building the dam in _____ with another firm.

A.comparison B.association C.touch D.tune

16.The fog has not gone, and ____ they put off the sports meet.

A.in fact B.at least C.as a result D.in addition

17.A recent survey shows that only a ________ of the children do some reading every day, while most of them prefer playing games.

A.Few B.little C.minority D.majority

18.The number of teenagers who commit crimes _________ 20% over the past years.

A.have been reduced by B.has been reduced by

C.have been reduced to D.has been reduced to

19.—How’s Jack doing in Britain?

—I wrote an email to him last week, but _____ I have had no reply from him.

A.from now on B.so far C.just now D.later on

20.My brother is so interested in languages that, he is now learning _____ third language besides Eng-lish and French.

A.不填B.the C.a D.that

21.The most important lesson that the spread of Co-19 virus has taught us is that wild life is of equal importance as human life and the only way for us to survive is to live________nature. A.in view of B.in need of

C.in touch with D.in harmony with

22.The audience were_____the performance of Chinese athletes at the 23rd Winter Olympics. A.impressed by B.impressed on

C.interesting in D.expressed by

23.The houses across the street are_______,but they were in good condition a few years ago. A.in rows B.in ruins C.in number D.in detail

24.It seems that number sense is something we have ________ with many animals in the world. A.in common B.in turn C.in charge D.in return

25.Try to discourage him ________ driving too fast, as it’s extremely dange rous.

A.from B.into C.to D.for

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.B

解析:B

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词短语。句意:-- Lucy,你需要帮助吗?--是的,这个工作超过了我的能力范围。less than少于;more than超过;no more than仅仅;no less than不少于。故选B。

【名师点睛】

考查一些短语的用法是近几年高考的热点,需要考生牢记一些它们的用法,会分析句子的语境进而判断用它们的哪种形式。还需会区分类似的短语的不同用法。

即学即练:This piece of furniture is really inexpensive with a price of _____forty dollars.

A. less than

B. more than

C. no more than

D. no less than

解析:A。句意:这件家具还不到四十美元,实在不贵。

2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词marry。句意:她抱怨说她已经和他结婚20多年了,但她仍然不知道他脑子里在想什么。根据下文she still didn’t know可知,“marry”表示“过去的过去”发生的动作,用过去完成时;marry和get married是非延续的概念,故不可和表示”一段时间”的含义的时间状语用在一起,故排除C、D项;be married to sb.”嫁(娶)给某人”是固定用法,用介词to,故排除B项。故A项正确

3.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意:在过去,一根像小剑一样的针可以用来让液体从身体肿胀的部位流出。A. swollen up 肿胀;B. linked up 会合、连接、联系;C. dropped out 退出、退学、脱离;D. worn out磨损,耗尽;穿破。根据句意,一根像小剑一样的针可以用来让液体从身体肿胀的部位流出。故选A项。

4.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考察被动语态和固定搭配。句意:Jack被禁止参加考试,因为他在上一次考试中作弊。Ban sb from doing sth意为“禁止某人做某事”,且Jack和ban构成被动关系,故选B。5.C

解析:C

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态、主谓一致和固定短语。句意:从那时起,上驾驶课程的人数增加了20%。根据“ since then”可知,本句为现在完成时,主语为the number of people,谓语动词为单数形式。increase to “增加到”,increase by“增加了”,再结合句意。故选C项。

6.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固短语。句意:根据来自世界贸易组织4月8日的一篇报道,由于新型冠状肺病毒的破坏,2020年世界贸易预期会下降13%到32%。空后“13 to 32 percent”是一个幅度范围,所以此处指“下降了”,fall by意为“下降了”,侧重于变化的数量,后通常接百分比,符合语境。故选C项。

7.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词和固定短语辨析。句意:根据严格的指导方针,日本新纪元名称只有两个字符,应该便于阅读和书写。除此之外,它不应使用通用名称或过去四个时代中任何一个时代的第一个字符。A. making up; Apart from组成,除……外;B. consisting of; Aside from 由……组成,除……外;C. which made up of; Besides组成,除……外;D. which consisted of; Except for由……组成,除了。分析句子结构可知,第一空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,consist of“由……组成”没有被动形式,故用现在分词作后置定语;第二空应用“处……之外”之意,故选B项。

【点睛】

本题第一空考查be made up of, consist of的区别

这两个短语在意思上相同,都是“由…….组成”,不同之处在于be made up of是被动形式,consist of是用主动形式表达被动意义,即它没有被动形式,例如:

This is our class, made up 50 students. = This is our class, consisting of 50 students.这是我们班,由50人组成。

8.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词词义辨析。句意:由于我很容易长胖,我现在在节食。第一空填on,be on a diet

在节食,第二空填on,put on weight增加体重,根据句意,故选D。

9.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查连词辨析。句意:他被允许去游泳,条件是他待在其他男孩附近。通过分析句子结构可知,此处缺少连接词,A. on condition that只要;B. as far as正如;C. even if即使;D. as though好像。结合语境翻译可知后句是前句成立的条件,因此使用on condition that意为“只要”切合题意。故选A项。

10.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语。句意:我们学校呼吁学生们收集旧电池,希望有一个更好的环境。“呼吁某人做某事”是appeal to sb. to do sth. 其中appeal是不及物动词,后面常加to。第二个空后不是句子,是词语a better environment,表示“怀着……的希望”,用in the hope of。故选C。

11.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词辨析和固定短语。句意:他爱上了玛丽,并让玛丽嫁给他。第一空考查固定搭配fall in love with sb.爱上某人;第二空考查marry的用法,与某人结婚:marry sb./be married to sb.,故第二空不填。故选D。

【点睛】

12.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意:这个地区因大雪与外界隔绝,政府职能通过直升飞机运送食物。A. cut away切除;B. cut up切碎、剁碎;C. cut off使……与外界隔绝;D. cut down减少。根据 the government had to send food there by helicopter.可知,是大雪使地区与外界隔绝(cut off)。故选C。

13.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:我代表全体员工,祝您退休愉快。本题考查与空格后of搭配的固定短语,A.In honour of为纪念……;B.In place of代替……;C.On behalf of代表……;D.On account of因为……。根据句意,我是代表全体员工表达祝愿,即可推断出正确答案。故选C项。

14.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词短语搭配。句意:可惜的是,巴黎圣母院在2019年4月16日着火了。“(某处)着火”用短语catch fire,再根据语境,用一般过去时caught fire。 A. set (fire)指“放火,纵火”;B. make fire指“生火,取火”均不符合题意,D项不能构成固定搭配,故可排除,综上,选C。

15.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们正在与另一家公司联合修建大坝。A. (in) comparison (with)与…比较; B. (in) association (with)与…联合; C. (in) touch (with)同…有联系; D. (in)tune (with)与…一致。根据句意可知,in association with意为“与…联合,协作”,故选B。16.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语辨析。句意:雾还没有消散,结果他们推迟了运动会。A. in fact事实上;B. at least至少;C. as a result结果;D. in addition此外。根据句意可知,前后是因果关系。故选C。

17.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定表达。句意:一项最近的研究表明大多数孩子喜欢玩游戏,只有很小一部分人每

天阅读。后面提到了most of them…表示“大多数人……”,那前面就是说剩下的少数人。

a min ority of…表示“少数人……”。故选C项。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语。句意:过去这些年,青少年犯罪率减少了20%。be reduced to…是指“降低到……(某个位置、具体数目)”,而be reduced by…则是指“降低了……(by后面跟降低的具体幅度,通常为百分比)”。这里20%是指程度,不是具体数值,所以这里用be reduced by。句子主语为the number of sth,动词用第三人称单数形式has been reduced by。故选B项。

【点睛】

19.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查短语辨析。句意:——杰克在英国怎么样了?——我上星期给他写了一封邮件,但是到目前为止还没有收到他的回复。A. from now on从现在起;B. so far到目前为止;C. just now刚才;D. later on后来。根据语境,应该是“到目前为止还没有收到他的回复”。故选B。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查冠词。句意:我弟弟对语言很感兴趣,他正在学习英语和法语之外的又一门语言。结合后文third language besides Eng-lish and French以及语境“英语和法语之外的又一门语言”可知此处为结构“不定冠词a / an + 序数词 + 名词”,强调在已知数量上再累加一个,翻译成“又一个”。故选C。

21.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查词组。句意:Co-19病毒传播给我们的最重要的教训是,野生动物与人类生命同等重要,人类生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。A. in view of “考虑到”;B. in need

of“需要”; C. in touch with“同……有联系”;D. in harmony with“与……协调”。此处指“与自然协调”,故选D。

22.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语。句意:中国运动员在第23届冬奥会上的表现给观众留下了深刻的印象。结合句意表示“留下深刻印象;对……印象深刻”短语为sb. be impressed by。B选项介词搭配错误,C选项interesting用于修饰物,此处主语为audience“观众”应用-ed结尾形容词修饰,D选项express表示“表达”与语境不符。故选A。

23.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意:街对面的房子现在成废墟了,但几年前那些房子都还很好。A. in rows成排地;B. in ruins成为废墟;C. in number总共;D. in detail详细地。根据“but they were in good condition a few years ago.”可知,街对面的房子现在成废墟了,但几年前那些房子都还很好。故选B项。

24.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查词组。句意:看来,数字感是我们和世界上许多动物的共同之处。A. in common共同;B. in turn反过来,轮流;C. in charge负责,主管;D. in return作为报答。固定搭配:have sth. in common with“与……有共同点”。故选A。

25.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语。句意:设法劝阻他不要开快车,因为那是极其危险的。表示“劝阻某人做某事”短语为discourage sb. from doing sth.。故选A。

2016届高考英语基础知识练习词汇辨析动词及其短语辨析的讲解与训练

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