复习题选答案1

《专业英语》课程试题选例

Part One: Translate the following words from English into Chinese and vice versa. (10 points) 单词英汉互译，

1协议protocol 6把…嵌入

embed

11 decipher

破译，译解

16binary

二进制

2调制器modulator 7黑客

hacker

12 tuple

元组

17

Cyberculture

计算机文化

3 指针pointer 8情感符

emoticon

13 subroutine

子例程

18 Netiquette

网规

4 编译；汇编compile 9 互联网

internet

14 fiber

光纤

17virus

病毒

Part Two: Translate the following phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa. (20 points) 短语英汉互译，

1 artificial intelligence 人工智能11 处理器芯片processor chip

2 serial processing 串行处理12 数据库体系结构database architecture

3 design paradigm 设计范式13 知识产权

intellectual property

4 hierarchical model 层次模型14 数据总线data bus

5 decentralized network 分散型网络15 瀑布模型waterfall model

6 encryption program 加密程序16 目标代码object code

7 peer-to-peer model 对等模型17 软件生命周期software life cycle

8 system call18文件服务器

系统调用file server

Part Three: Match the following abbreviations with their Chinese meaning.

(10 points) 匹配英文缩写与汉语意思

1 TLD E A 关系数据库管理系统

2 CSMA/CD G B 域名系统

3 ENIAC F C 数据库管理员

4 RDBMS A D 电子数据交换

5 DNS B E 顶级域名

6 WAN H F 电子数字积分计算机

7 EDI D G 带有冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问

8 DBA C H 广域网

Part Four: Choose among the four choices the one that best completes the sentence. (20 points) 选词填空，

1. In an assembly language, each ________ corresponds roughly to one

machine language instruction.

A. sentence

B. statement

C. order

D. sequence

2. The history of programming languages can be tracked back almost to the

invention of the ________ computer in 1940s.

A. analog

B. personal

C. artificial

D. digital

3. Modern digital computers can be divided into four major categories on

the basis of cost and performance. They are microcomputers, ________, minicomputers, and mainframes.

A. workstations

B. server

C. platform

D. client

4. After I finished the last paragraph, I moved the ________ back to the

third paragraph and deleted a sentence.

A. icon

B. mouse

C. joystick

D. cursor

5. The software that controls the ________ between the input and output

hardware is called BIOS, which stands for Basic Input/Output System.

A. insight

B. interchange

C. interval

D. interaction

6. A(n) ________ language is a low-level language in binary code that a

computer can understand and execute directly.

A. programming

B. assembly

C. machine

D. analysis

7. A(n) ________ is a sequence of code in a program executed repeatedly,

either for a fixed number of times or until a certain condition is met.

A. cycle

B. program

C. round

D. loop

8. A(n) ________ translates all the source code of a program written in

a high-level language into object code prior to the execution of the

program.

A. debugger

B. compiler

C. editor

D. window

9. A network can also be classified according to its topology. Among the

most popular topologies are the bus topology, ring topology, and

________ topology.

A. net

B. star

C. pipe

D. tree

10. The two fundamental types of evolutionary development

are exploratory development and ________ prototyping.

A. pick-up

B. throwaway

C. pitch

D. paste

11. A ________ copy is a copy of a current file made in order

to protect against loss or damage.

A. hard

B. backup

C. soft

D. file

12. A multimedia computer is a personal computer whose hardware

is capable of using any or all of the following media in a program: audio, text, graphics, video and animation.

A. database

B. multimedia

C. network

D. mainframes

13. Their company used international lawyers to prosecute

a crime ring involving software ___ piracy _____ in Thailand.

A. cloning

B. copying

C. duplication

D. piracy

14. Whereas the decimal system is based on 10, the ________

system is based on 2. There are only two digits in the latter system,

0 and 1.

A. bilateral

B. binary

C. byte

D. bit

Part Five：Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary. (10 points) 用适当的词形

1 collection

organized so that it can easily be 2 accessed , managed, and 3

updated . In one view, databases can be classified according to 4

types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

In computing, databases are sometimes classified according to their

5 organizational approach. The most prevalent(流行的) approach is

the 6 relational database, a tabular（表格形式） database in which

data is defined so that it can be 7 updated and accessed in a number

of different ways. A 8 distributed database is one that can be

dispersed or replicated among different points in a 9reorganized .

An object oriented programming database is one that is congruent (一致

的) with the data defined in object 10 classes and subclasses.

Part Six: Read the passages and decide on the best answers for the questions that follow each passage. (10 points) 阅读理解

The Internet, then known as ARPANET, was brought online in 1969, which initially connected four major computers at universities in the southwestern US. The early Internet was used by computer experts, engineers, scientists, and librarians. There was nothing friendly about it. There were no home or office personal computers in those days, and anyone who used it, whether a computer professional or an engineer or scientist or librarian, had to learn a very complex system.

The Internet matured in the 1970’s as a result of the TCP/IP architecture. As the commands for E-mail, FTP, and telnet were standardized, it became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn to use the nets. It was not easy by today’s standards by a means, but it did open up use of the Internet to many more people in universities in particular. Other departments besides the libraries, computer, physics, and engineering departments found ways to make good use of the nets –to communicate with colleagues around the world and to share fields and resources.

In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. The University wanted to develop a simple menu system to access files and information on campus through their local network. Since the Internet was initially funded by the government, it was originally limited to research, education and government uses. Commercial uses were prohibited unless they directly served the goals of research education. This policy continued until the early 1990’s, when independent commercial networks began to grow.

1. How many computers were connected to the initial Internet in 1969

A. Ten

B. Four

C. Twenty

D. Three

2. Only ________ could use the early Internet.

A. computer experts, engineers, scientists, and librarians

B. any experts, engineers, scientists, and librarians

C. computer experts, engineers, scientists, and students

D. computer experts, engineers, and scientists in universities in US

3. The Internet became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn and use because of the common ________.

A. commands

B. protocols

C. topologies

D. architecture

4. The first early friendly interface to the Internet appeared with the introduction of a ________ system for files and information access.

A. computer

B. operating

C. menu

D. application

5. Which statement is not true according to this passage

A. Many more people began to use the Internet in the 1970s, but it wasn’t as user-friendly as today’s standards.

B. The restrictions to commercial uses changed as the independent commercial networks were not funded by the government.

C. Commercial uses were not allowed for the early Internet if they directly served the goals of research and education.

D. The early Internet was logged in from home or office personal

computers.

Part Seven: Translate the following passage from English into Chinese.

(20 points) 段落英译汉

第八单元第一段翻译

The need to share information and resources among different computers has led to linked computer systems, called networks, in which computers are connected so that data can be transferred（转让，转移） from machine to machine. In these networks, computer users can exchange messages and share resources-such as printing capabilities, software packages, and data storage facilities(设施，设备)-that are scattered （发散）throughout the system. The underlying（基本的） software required to support such applications has grown from simple utility packages into an expanding system of network software that provides a sophisticated（复杂的） network wide infrastructure（基础结构）. In a sense, network software is evolving （进化，发展） into a network wide operating system