带你了解英国的学历等级和不同学位类型
带你了解英国的学历等级和不同学位类型
英国留学的同学们毕业之后找工作投简历的时候，会注意到一些公司，尤其是像：普华永道、德勤、花旗、汇丰等这些国际公司，在招聘条件上明确有学历等级的要求，比如会要求学历等级为Level 6,或者Level 7, Level 8等，但是这些学位和学历的每个Level 有什么区别呢?
接下来，中青留学小编带着大家一起了解一下英国学历和学位的不同等级。
英国的学历等级
英国有自己独特的教育系统，学历从入门级(Entry)到第8级(Level 8)，一共9个等级,见下表：
在这里重点要强调的是，学生的在校成绩是直接决定学生最后的不同学位证书的。例如，初中毕业成绩C以上(Level 2)的会比C以下的(Level 1)高一个学历等级，这点同样也体现在英国大学的毕业证书上。
英国的学位类型
本科学位
在英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，完成本科学位并最终获得荣誉学位需三年时间。而在苏格兰，学生要用三年的时间来攻读一个普通的学位，四年的时间拿一个荣誉学位。在英国，多数大学都采用综合的教学方式，即授课、讲座和报告会结合的方式。讲座可以有很多学生参加，通常是在阶梯教室举行，要求学生能够记录老师讲授的内容。报告会的演讲员可以是一个或多个，学生人数相对较少，要求学生事先准备专题演讲以便小组讨论。参加授课的人数则更少，往往只有一名教员，针对四到五名学生。
主要本科学位名称
BA 文科学士
BBA 工商行政管理学士
BEd 教育学学士
BSc 理科学士
BD 神学学士
BTh 宗教学学士、神学证书
LLB 法学学士
BMus 音乐学士
BVSc 兽医学学士
研究生学位
英国有两种形式的研究生学位课程：授课课程和研究学位课程。
对于海外留学生而言，在英国大学攻读研究生学位的最大好处之一：你只需一年时间就可以完成学业，而非通常所需的两年时间。
攻读授课式硕士学位课程的学生由专门的学术教员以讲大课、做专题报告和上辅导课等各种形式，对学生进行指导，在此基础上，通过论文的写作提高关键的研究和自学能力。其中，毕业论文也是算分的，通常少于或相当于你的授课课程比重。一般的硕士学位，结果只有两种可能：或通过、或不通过。没有通过的学生以结业的形式完成学业。这样，四年的学习只相当于三年的本科学位。
研究硕士学位课程意味着你不需要上课，但是要花上一整年到两年的时间去做研究。也有些硕士研究学位课程让你上一些课，但最后的结果主要取决于你的论文。
主要研究生学位名称
MA 文科硕士
MBA 行政管理硕士
MEd 教育学硕士
MSc 理科硕士
MPhil 哲学硕士
MChem 化学硕士
LLM 法学硕士
MEng 工程硕士
PhD 博士
本科和硕士学位等级会出现在毕业证上，直接影响就业和未来职业发展，所以，认真对待每次作业，考好每一门学科，都是在为将来的发展打下基础。
英国社会与文化
The Geography of Britain and China When it comes to Britain, what do you think first? For me, the first thing is that Britain is an European country. Most people will choose the geography as their first topic to introduce a country because it is an important symbol. Britain, whose full name is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland lies in Europe but is separated from the European Continents, in another words, it is an island country. It is crossed by the Atlantic Ocean, Irish Sea, Celtic Sea and the English Channel. Lying to the north of France and the west of the Netherlands, Denmark and Norway, the south of the Republic of Ireland, the Great Britain is made up of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and a lot of coastal islands. The total area of the country is 244,820 square kilometers and the total coastline is 11,450 kilometers. And for the longitude and latitude, it is approximately from 50°N to 58°N and 2°E to 7°W. Though Great Britain isn’t big, the terrain is varied from the flatland in the south and east to mountains of Scotland and Wales. The chief mountain ranges are the Pennines in the middle, the Cambrians in the west and the Grampians in the north. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in the UK and is about 1343meters. Many rivers also flow past this country. The main river is the River Severn, the longest river in the UK which is westward flowing streams reach the Atlantic. Its about 354 kilometers long and drainage are is about 11,266 square kilometers. The Clyde in Scotland, the Eden and the Mersey in northwest England, and the Welsh Dee and Teifi are the only significant rivers. And the most famous river is the Thames in London which is a popular scenery in the UK. It flows through Eton, the Oxford, Windsor and so on in the upriver, and finally joins the North Sea. Through the English Channel, Britain is linked with France by the tunnel. Though, Britain is an island country, it is fertile and rich in resources. It has coal mine and iron mine, and because of this, British had so much power sources during the first industrial revolution. Thanks to its position which is around by the sea, the fishery and shipbuilding are also developed. And temperate marine climate is dominant the whole country because it is around by the sea and some ocean currents
英国社会与文化
Comparison Between British Education And Chinese Education Britain has a long tradition of education with hundreds of history. It is quite perfect and complex, and it has a great deal of flexibility. This kind of education system is considered one of the best in the world. Many other countries model their schools after British schools, and with good reason. More than 99% percent of all British citizens know how to read and write. All British public schools follow England’s National Curriculum set by the government’s Department of Education and Science. Every student studies English, science, mathematics, computer science, history, geography, art, music, physical education, and a foreign language. We should know that there are some similarities in the education of Britain and China. The similarities include the below factors: Both in China and Britain, school education includes primary education, secondary education and higher education. Furthermore, both in China and Britain, school education emphasize teach ers’ professional development and continuing education in teachers’ training. They attach importance to the professionalism of teachers, focus on training their own quality. Meanwhile, with the development of China and globalization, the education system in China is becoming more and more diversified and liberal. However, in general, it is still bound to past form, the exam-oriented education. A vast of Chinese student cannot study by themselves in a suitable way, even do not know the meaning of learning. Therefor, increasingly number of common people and experts begin to compare Chinese education system with British education system. Britain has more compulsory years of education than China: 11years in Britain and 9 years in China, while the higher education has less years, British education spend only three years in university and one year to get a master degree. And term arrangements are also different. There are two semesters in China and Britain has three terms. The distribution system of teachers between China and Britain is also quite different. In Chinese classrooms, all the desks are facing the podium. The teacher speaks in the above, and the following students can only be under the requirements to interact with the teacher, such as handing to answer questions. Apparently, Chinese teachers
朱永涛《英美文化基础教程》笔记和课后习题详解(谁是英国人)【圣才出品】
第1章谁是英国人 1.1 复习笔记 Ⅰ. Who Are the British? 1. The Scots 2. The Irish 3. The English Ⅰ. Who Are the British? (谁是英国人？) 1. The Scots(苏格兰人) (1) Origin: Celts. (2) Scots are proud that the English never conquered them. (3) Language ①Gaelic, old Celtic language of the Scots: it is still heard in the Highlands and the Western Isles and their names beginning with M’, Mac, Mc, which means “son of” in Gaelic; ②English; Character: a. said to be serious, cautious, thrifty; b. in fact they are hospitable, generous, friendly. (1) 起源：凯尔特人。
(2) 苏格兰人自豪的是，英国从来没有征服过他们。 (3) 语言 ①盖尔语，苏格兰的古老的凯尔特语言：在高地和西部群岛地区扔能听到人们讲这些语言，这些地区的人们的名字以M，MAC，MC开头，盖尔语的意思是“儿子”。 ②英语； 特点：a．据说他们严肃认真、谨慎、节俭；b．事实上他们很热情、慷慨、友善。2. The Irish(爱尔兰人) (1) Origin: Scots and English Protestants. (2) Problem: there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants who are dominant group, and the Roman Catholics, who are seeking more social, political and economic opportunities. (3) Language ①Irish or Erse, a form of Gaelic: official first language of the Republic of Ireland; ②English: second. (4) Character: charm, vivacity, beauty girls. (1) 起源：苏格兰和英国新教徒。 (2) 问题：占主导地位的新教徒与正在寻求更多的社会，政治和经济机会的罗马天主教之间有着激烈的战斗。 (3) 语言 ①爱尔兰语，一种盖尔特语：爱尔兰共和国的官方语言； ②英文：居第二重要性。 (4) 特性：女孩有魅力、活泼、美丽。
英国社会与文化修订大纲
信息理论与编码 Information Theory and Coding 课程编号:08.1123 学时: 16 学分:1 适用学科:外国语言学与应用语言学 先修课程：英美概况考试类型: 考试 教学目的和要求: 本课程为英语专业研究生选修课程，通过介绍英国的政治、经济、法律、宗教、教育、以及社会民俗等方面的概况，使学生对英国的政治、经济、历史、文化、社会等概况有较全面的了解和认识。激发学生对欧洲文化的兴趣。了解中、西方文化的差异，提高学生跨文化交际的敏感性和能力。进而提高学生的文化素质和对世界文化知识的了解。加深学生对英语语言的理解，为今后研究英国社会和文化或进入英国大学深造奠定良好的文化基础。 本课程以社会、文化为纲，多方面系统地概括和介绍英国的社会与文化方面的种种特点。通过该课程的学习，学生应对英国的历史和现状有一定的了解；对英国的社会与文化有一个总体的把握，从而能从广义的文化哲学层面去审视西方文明的精髓，提高学生对中西文化差异的敏感性、海纳百川的文化兼容性以及处理文化差异的灵活性，培养和提高学生的跨文化交际能力。 本课程属于考试课程，考核是平时成绩与期末小论文相结合。平时成绩包括出勤、课堂讨论，以及阅读报告、作业等形式进行评定，占总评成绩40％；期末小论文为给定相关话题，撰写不少于3000字学期论文，占总评成绩60％。 授课内容: 1. 英国概况 2. 英国政体、政党及司法制度 2.1 英国政体 2.2 英国议会及政府机构 2.3 英国政党与选举 2.4 英国的司法制度 3. 英国的教育 3.1 英国的教育制度 3.2 特点 4. 英国的经济 5. 英国人的言语交际特性 6. 英国的宗教 7．中英差异比较漫谈
必修3思考题答案
二、追寻生命的起源问题解答 【想一想】古代没有形成真正科学而系统的生物学的原因有哪些？其中主要的原因是什么？ ?原因有：人们对自然的认识有限；生产力发展水平底；神学、宗教、传说对人们思想的束缚；近代科学认识和方法还未出现。其中主要原因是生产力水平低下，人们受宗教神学的影响。 ?【想一想】达尔文写作《物种起源》，给我们的启发有哪些？达尔文在考察中得出的结论和林耐的结论有什么不同？ 启发：要具有敏锐的洞察力和持之以恒的精神。不同：林耐认为生物是神创的，因此物种是不变的。达尔文则认为自然界生物的物种是不断进化的，不断从低级向高级发展。自然界进化的规则是生存竞争，通过自然选择，最适者生存下来。 ?【议一议】有人说，17世纪的牛顿把“造物主（神）”从无生命现象的研究领域驱逐出去了，19世纪的达尔文又把“造物主”从有生命现象的研究领域驱逐出去了。这种说法对吗？结合所学知识谈谈你的理由。 ?提示：对。说明理由时要联系牛顿和达尔文的成就给神学的打击。如进化论给上帝创造万物说以致命一击。它证明了今天的整个有机界——植物、动物，包括人在内，都是延续亿万年的发展过程的产物。 ?【自我测评】达尔文进化论的核心观点是什么？进化论是怎样传入我国的？产生了什么影响？ ?核心观点是：自然界生物的物种是不断进化的，不断从低级向高级发展。自然界进化的规则是生存竞争，通过自然选择，最适者生存下来。 ?1894年，严复翻译《天演论》在《国闻报》的增刊上发表，系统地介绍了进化论。进化论传入中国，震动了中国的思想界，对维新变法运动和新文化运动起了巨大的推动作用。 ?【阅读与思考】上面两段文字反映了什么历史现象？你是怎样看待的？ 反映的是达尔文进化论从出版后到20世纪以来遭到巨大的抵制。 ?从中可以看出：当时宗教习惯的影响很大；科学的发展是艰难而曲折的；要学会分辨真理，相信科学。 ?从时代背景分析，你认为上面两段文字反映的历史现象是否存在差别？为什么？ ?有差别。材料二中所表现的反对和抵制较之材料一要小一些。随着时代发展，科学在进步。 三、人类文明的引擎问题解答 ?【议一议】大机器工厂与手工工场有哪些区别？ 提示：用机器进行生产；实行工厂制管理；使用蒸汽机作动力。 【议一议】蒸汽机的发明给人类社会带来了哪些影响？ 提示：从生产力进步、生产关系变革、国际格局变化和科学文化事业进步等方面分析影响。如经济上：提供了更加便利的动力，迅速推广后，大大推动了机器的普及和发展；人类社会由此进入蒸汽时代。 ?【读一读】天才，不过是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。你对这句话是怎么看的？ 爱迪生发明电灯的艰辛历程正是这句话得到真实写照。它告诉我们，要想取得成就必须依靠勤奋的努力。 ?【想一想】我们生活中的哪些东西是第二次工业革命时发明的？ 发电机、电灯、电话、电车、电影、内燃机、柴油机、电报、塑料、人造纤维、人造染料等等。
英国社会与文化复习重点
Unit 1 1.The full name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2.The UK is made up of England , Scotland ,Wales and Northern Ireland. Q: What are the three most descriptive words you associate most with British people? Reserved ，modest ，humorous Unit 2 1. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis “Defender of the faith”, because she is the supreme governor of Church of England and defends the freedom of the faith.她是英国教会的最高统治者，扞卫信仰自由 2. The executive power is in the hands of Prime Minister. 3. Nicknames of the kings or queens: Mary Ⅰ, ElizabethⅠ, Richard Ⅰ, Edward Ⅰ, William Ⅰ Mary Ⅰ--------- Bloody Mary （Because of the numbers of protestants executives） ElizabethⅠ----- Virgin Queen （Because she never married.） Richard Ⅰ-------the “lion heart”（Because he was famous for his exploits in the third Crusade.） Edward Ⅰ-------long shanks（because he had long legs） William Ⅰ-------the conqueror（he?was?the?victor?at?the?Battle?of?Hasting） Q: What are the queen’s state functions? ①The Queen approves the appointment of Ministers and the formation of a cabinet.女王 批准任命部长，并组建内阁 ②The Queen summons Parliament and introduces the session with a speech from the Throne in which she summarizes the government’s program.女王召唤议会并用一场演讲介绍政府计划 ③The Queen gives her assent to Bills before they become law.法案成为法律之前要得到 女王的同意 ④The Queen concludes treaties and declares war , makes appointments to all offices of State and Church , dismiss Parliament when the government has been defeated or has reached the end of its term , and chooses a new Prime Minister.宣布战争 ⑤The Queen is informed and consulted on every aspect of national life.关心国民生活
英国社会与文化第一单元自测
一、单选题（共有题目33题） 1. 14. ________ is the Scottish flag. A.The Saint George's cross B.Union Jack C.The Saint Andrew's cross D.The Saint Patrick's cross 你的答案： C 正确 标准答案： C 解答过程： 2. 2. UK has a remarkably ______ climate. A.cold B.hot https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,d D.windy 你的答案： C 正确 标准答案： C 解答过程： 3. 9. Which of the following account for the second least among the UK population? A.The Northern Irish B.The Scottish C.The Irish D.The Welsh 你的答案： D 正确 标准答案： D 解答过程： 4. 23. The Port of London is Britain’s most important _______.
A.seaport B.airport C.railway station https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,itary base 你的答案： A 正确 标准答案： A 解答过程： 5. 31. Which of the following is the highest sightseeing--- rotating wheel in the world? A.Big Ben B.Tower of London C.London Eye D.Tower Bridge 你的答案： C 正确 标准答案： C 解答过程： 6. 12. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the element of ______ words to English. A.Danish B.Dutch and German C.French and Italian https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,tin and Greek 你的答案： D 正确 标准答案： D 解答过程： 7. 6._______ is the most important river in Scotland. A.River Clyde B.Severn River
朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》笔记和考研真题详解-上册-第7章 英国教育体系【圣才出品】
第7章英国教育体系 7.1 复习笔记 I. Purpose of education 1. T o teach “the three R’s” 2. T o socialize children II. The relationship between education and social class 1. Inequality in British education 2. Good education Guarantees a career III. The influence of the Church on schooling 1. In the past 2. At present 3. Changes IV. Major changes to British education system 1. Involvement of government 2. The 1994 Education Act 3. Introduction of comprehensive schools 4. “The Great Education Debate” 5. National Curriculum in 1989 V. The present education system 1. Education in the UK is compulsory.
2. State sector and private sector schools 3. Schooling stages and exams VI. Higher education 1. Fund 2. Founding Time 3. Open university 4. Degree titles I. Purpose of education（教育目的） 1. T o teach “the three R’s”（教授基础科目） ①“The three R’s”—“reading,‘riting and ‘rithmetic” (reading, writing and arithmetic) . ②That is to say, the purpose of school is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they need to become active members of society. ①基础科目俗称“3R”，包括阅读、写作和算术。 ②就是说，教育的目的之一是为学生积极参与社会提供所需的基本知识和基本技能。 2. T o socialize children（提高适应社会能力） Children learn the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy. 教育的另一个目的是教授学生一些成为好公民所应具备的道理规范和价值观，以便能走上
朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》(第3版)英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚-第七章至第八章【圣才出品】
第7章英国教育体系 Ⅰ.Multiple choice. 1.Under the old selective system English children who have high marks in the “eleven plus”examination go on to_____.（北京交大2003研） A.public schools B.technical schools C.grammar schools D.secondary modern schools 【答案】C 【解析】在英国，初级学校学生在最后一学年要参加十一岁儿童升学考试；其中成绩最好的进入文法学校。 2.Which of the following is a feature of British education as a whole?（北京交大2006研） https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,cation is chaotic. https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,cation is very expensive. https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,cation is highly centralized. https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,cation is rather independent and enjoys a great deal of freedom. 【答案】D 【解析】英国教育具有自由化的特点，集中体现在实行学校的地方管理措施。选项D正确。
3.Which of the following statements can not be used to describe universities in Britain? A.All universities are private institutions. B.All students have got high marks in“A”Level. C.They have their own governing councils D.They now derive nearly all of their funds from state grants. 【答案】A 【解析】白金汉大学（The University of Buckingham）是全英唯一一所私立独立大学，故答案应该选B。 4.Who is responsible for the state schools in a district? A.Department of Education and Science. B.Local Education Authorities. https://www.360docs.net/doc/c614282996.html,cation Committees. D.The headmaster. 【答案】B 【解析】英国公立学校都由地方教育当局负责，不过校内管理主要由校长进行。 5.In Britain,children between the ages of_____to_____must receive the compulsory education. A.5,15
英国社会与文化
英国社会与文化 An Introduction to British Society & Culture 主编 常俊跃 李莉莉 赵永青 国家哲学社会科学项目 “英语专业基础阶段内容依托式教学改革 研究”项目组 编
Contents Unit 1 The English Character (1) Text A The English Character (I) (1) Text B The English Character (II) (7) Text C The English Spirit of Control (11) Unit 2 The Constitutional Monarchy (14) Text A The Constitutional Monarchy (15) Text B The Role of the Monarchy Today (23) Text C The Queen’ s Official Birthday (25) Text D Diana, the People’s Princess (27) Unit 3 The British Parliament (33) Text A The British Government Today (34) Text B Political Parties in the U.K (39) Text C Margaret Thatcher (41) Unit 4 Food and Drinks in the U.K (45) Text A Food and Drinks in the U.K (46) Text B British Meals (51) Text C Pub Etiquette (53) Text D Leisure Time for Britons (56) Unit 5 The British Ways & Manners (60) Text A Politeness in Britain (61) Text B What’s Typically British (66) Text C Social Customs in Britain (68) Text D Name Roots (71) Unit 6 Education System in the U.K (74) Text A Going to School: British Style (75) Text B Schools in the U.K (79) Text C Boarding School (81) Unit 7 The British Welfare System (85) Text A Welfare System in the U.K (86) Text B The Welfare State (90) Text C The National Health Service (92) Unit 8 The British Media (94) Text A The British Press (95) Text B The Broadcast Media (100) Text C Local Newspapers in Britain (102)
西方文化概论 赵林 样卷答案整理
“西方文化概论”通识课 试题及答案样卷 一、名词解释 布匿战争A、布匿战争是罗马人对外扩张的第一场战争，其对手是地中海南岸的迦太基，该战争共打了三次，以罗马的最终胜利和迦太基的灭亡而告终（3分）；B、布匿战争加速了罗马对外扩张的步伐，成为罗马称霸地中海世界的序幕（2分）。 命运A、命运是希腊悲剧的基本主题，它是潜藏在悲剧主人公的自由行动背后的一种决定论力量，最典型的命运悲剧如《俄底浦斯王》等（3分）；B、希腊悲剧中的命运在稍后的希腊哲学中发展为决定现象的本质，其实质即不依人的意志为转移的自然规律或社会规律（2分）。 阿维农之囚A、公元1305－1377年，法国国王使用武力把天主教廷从罗马移至法国的飞地阿维农，从此开始了长达70年之久的教廷被囚阿维农的历史（2分）。B、阿维农之囚是罗马教会与世俗王权斗争中所经历的一次奇耻大辱，它标志着中世纪教会凌驾于世俗王权之上的绝对权威开始发生动摇，民族国家开始崛起（3分）。 因信称义A、马丁·路德宗教改革的主要神学思想，它的基本内容是：只有信仰才是得救（称义）的唯一根据（2分）；B、“因信称义”思想的意义在于，与中世纪罗马天主教会所宣扬的各种善功称义思想针锋相对，反对通过买卖赎罪券等活动来达到称义目的的虚伪主张（3分）。 弥赛亚运动“弥赛亚”一词源自希伯来文，希腊文译作基督，本意为受膏者或受上帝祝福的人。在犹太人中弥赛亚与君主、救世主同义，每当犹太人受到本族或异族的统治者的压迫和欺凌，生活痛苦无法忍受时，就会有一位犹太人宣布自己就是众所期待的弥赛亚，领导犹太人进行反抗运动。 前三头同盟A、前三头同盟是指罗马共和国晚期克拉苏、庞培、恺撒三人缔结的政治同盟（2分）；B、前三头同盟的出现标志着罗马共和国已经走向没落，骑士阶层开始公开地与元老院相抗衡，并且逐渐控制了罗马共和国的命运（3分）。 修道运动把繁华的世俗生活和肉体欲望当作魔鬼的陷阱的观点，驱使许多向往崇高道德境界的基督徒隐遁到人迹罕至的荒野中去苦修，结果就导致了独身、贫穷、禁欲和修道运动的出现 哥特式建筑A、哥特式建筑是中世纪基督教信仰的一种艺术形式，最典型地体现为哥特式教堂建筑（2分）；B、哥特式建筑以纤巧诡异的艺术形式表现了一种交织着痛苦与希望的宗教精神，充分展现了基督教的救赎理想（3分）。 神人同形同性A、神人同形同性是希腊多神教的基本特点，它反映了自然宗教的朴素特征，使得希腊诸神具有十足的感性魅力（3分）；B、同形是指诸神具有人的形体，同性是指诸神具有人的性情（2分）。 宗教宽容A、16世纪宗教改革导致了宗教战争，到了17世纪中叶《威斯特伐利亚和约》签定以后，宗教宽容取代了宗教冲突而成为一种普遍的时代精神（2分）；B、宗教宽容构成了西方近代科学理性和民主政治生长的温床，宽容精神首先从宗教领域开始出现，继而发展为一般性的宽容，从而使科学和民主的成长成为可能（3分）。 修道运动修道的禁欲主义是起因于反对教会逐渐世俗化，在3，4世纪时兴起。而更早的潜伏因素是在君士坦丁大帝统一教会及罗马帝国前，因基督教的宽柔政策，所以教会水准偏低、基督徒素质不齐。驱使许多向往崇高道德境界的基督徒隐遁到人迹罕至的荒野中去苦修。他们把繁华的世俗生活和肉体欲望当作魔鬼的陷阱，持守贫穷、圣洁、顺服的誓言，
英国社会与文化第一单元
英国社会与文化chapter 1 1、UK全称: Official name ---the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. ----the United Kingdom of the UK 每个nation的capital Capital city National Emblem England London rose Scotland Edinburgh Thistle 蓟花 Wales Cardiff Daffodil 水仙花Northern Ireland Belfast Shamrock 三叶草 2、Largest lake Lough Neagh(内伊湖) /highest mountain Ben Nevis/backbone of the central Northern England:mountain-the Pennines/important river in London Thams 3、Edinburgh 1.the capital city of Scotland 2.economic center of Scotland 3.a tourist city second only to London in UK(Royal Miles & Princes Street) 4、Edinburgh castle symbol of Edinburgh &situted on a mound of Vol/Winsor castle largest occupied castle/Holyrood palace
《英语国家社会与文化入门》(简称英美概况)英国答案
英国Unit 3 第6题What kind of institution(部门is the House of Lords（上议院）? What role dose it play in 部门) 部门（上议院）British government? A: It consists of the Lords Spiritual(神职议员)who are the Archbishops(大主教) and most prominent （杰出的、卓越的）bishops （主教）of the church of England ;and the Lords Temporal(世俗议员)，which refers to everyone else。②They inherited(继承) the seat from their forefathers or been appointed by the sovereign （郡主、最高统治者）parliament 议会）they speak and vote .In （as individuals （个人）,not as representatives （代表）of the greater interests of the country. They do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament at all. unit5 3.What are the three main areas in national economies？Describe the development of each of the three areas in the UK economy. 答案National economies can be broken down into three main areas,”primary”industries, such as agriculture ,fishing, and mining,”second-ary”industries, which manufacture complex goods from those primary products ;and tertiary industries .often described as services,such as banking, insurance, tourism, and the selling of goods. Britain’s agricultural sector is small （producing 1.4%of the national wealth ）but efficient, producing 58% of the UK’s food needs with only 2%of its workforce.Three quarters of Britain’s land is used for agriculture. With about a quarter of that under crops-wheat and barley are the two commonest. The rest is grazing for animals, including cattle (both dariy and beef), The fishing industry provides 55%of the UK demand for fish Sconish ports land the majority of the fish caught. In the secondary sector of the economy. Manufacturing industry remains important, producing 22% of national wealth. British companies are are active in all major fields of manufacturing industry, but are particularly strong in pharmaceuticals(the British company Glaxo-Wellcrme is the biggest drug company in the world),chemicals([C]is the second largest paint manufacture in the world),aerospace overall the UK industry is third in （size in the world）and food drink (Scotch whisky being a major export). ） unit7 1. (1)What are the purposes of the British education system? (2)Please comment on these purposes. (3)What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system? (4)Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations? 答：(1)The purpose of the British education system is to teach children practical skills and socialize them. (2)Children learn practical skills, and the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy. (3)The purpose of the Chinese education is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society. (4) In china, people think school is just about teaching children what are often called” the three R’s---“reading, writing and ‘arithmetic”(reading, writing and arithmetic). 2. How does the British education reflect social class? British education reflect the deeper divisions in British society in which social class is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to education policy. What’s more, the enduring feature o f British education is the continuing debate over how “equal” educational opportunity should be. In British, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class. The school (or college)tie is a clear marker of social class. Even on informal occasions you will sometimes see men wearing their school ties as belts to hold up their trousers –proudly displaying their attendance at a certain school. In Britain, where you are educated is very important to you future. 3 what are the major changes that have taken place since World war 2? Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality? Pick up some examples from the text to