高中英语2020届二轮复习语法专项虚拟语气教案 (1)
虚拟语气
一、【知识精讲】
（一）虚拟语气的三种基本形式
1.与现在事实相反一般过去时/were（从句）would/should/could/might＋动词原形（主句）
2.与过去事实相反had＋过去分词（从句）would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词（主句）
3.与将来事实相反一般过去时/were to＋动词原形/should＋动词原形（从句）
would/should/could/ might＋动词原形（主句）
If he were/was here now, I could ask him the question. 如果他现在在这儿，我就可以问他这个问题。If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, I would not go to Beijing. 如果明天下雨，我就不去北京了。
If he had told me his telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned him. 如果他昨天把电话号码告诉我，我一定会给他打电话。
（二）错综时间虚拟语气
前面介绍的三种基本形式的虚拟语气，其if从句中谓语动词的动作与主句谓语动词的动作发生的时间是一致的，即同为现在、过去或将来。但是当二者动作发生的时间不一致时，主句和从句各自的谓语形式要根据它们动作发生的时间按照上述原则作适当调整。常见的错综时间是：从句表示过去，主句表示现在，即If...had＋过去分词..., ...should/would/could/might＋动词原形。
If she had followed the doctor's advice, she would be quite all right now. 如果(当初)她听从了医生的劝告，她现在就没事了。
If the young tree had been watered, it wouldn't die now. 如果给那棵小树浇了水，它现在就不会死了。
（三）虚拟句的倒装
如果在表示虚拟语气的条件句中含有were, had或should，可将if省略，然后将were, had或should移至主语之前。
Were I in school again, I would study harder. 如果我(现在)再上学的话，我会更加努力学习。
Had it not been for your help, I couldn't have finished it ahead of time. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不能提前把它做完。
Should it snow tomorrow, we would be very happy. 如果明天下雪，我们将会很高兴。
（四）含蓄虚拟条件句
含蓄虚拟条件句是指假设的情况不用条件从句表示，而是以其他方式隐含在上下文中。其表现形式有：
1.介词或介词短语：without(若没有), but for(要不是)
Without electricity, human life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天人类的生活就完全不同了。
Without his advice, I couldn't have done it all by myself.＝If it hadn't been for his advice, I couldn't have done it all by myself. 如果没有他的建议，我就不可能独自做好这一切。
But for your help, we wouldn't have succeeded in doing this experiment. 要不是你的帮助，我们不可能成功地做好这个实验。
But for the meeting, I would have gone to your party last Saturday.＝If it hadn't been for the meeting, I would have gone to your party last Saturday. 要不是那个会议，我就参加你们上周六举行的晚会了。
2.分词短语暗示的虚拟语气
在简单句中，有时假设的条件隐含在现在分词短语或过去分词短语之中，在这种情况下，句子的谓语动词的形式必须根据分词短语所假设的情况或句中的时间状语来判断和选用。
Having known it earlier, we would have stopped such a thing from happening again. 如果我们早点知道这件事的话，我们就会阻止它再次发生了。
Having been given more money, we would have been to Hong Kong instead of Dalian.＝If we had been given more money, we would have been to Hong Kong instead of Dalian. 如果我们有更多的钱，我们就去香港而不是去大连了。
Being your age, I would study harder.＝If I were your age, I would study harder. 如果我是你这个年龄，我会更加努力学习。
（五）虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用
1.动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
（1）与现在事实相反一般过去时/were
（2）与过去事实相反 had+过去分词
（3）与将来事实相反 would/could/might+动词原形
I wish they were at home this time. 我希望他们现在在家。
I wish I had seen her last night. 我希望昨天晚上见过她。
I wish he would have a bright future. 我希望他有美好的未来。
2.as if/though引导从句中的虚拟语气
（1）与现在事实相反一般过去时/were
（2）与过去事实相反 had+过去分词
（3）与将来事实相反 would+动词原形
She always talks to me as if she were my sister. 她跟我说起话来像我的姐姐似的。
He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg. 他走得很慢，好像腿受伤了。
She talks about it again and again as though she would not end. 她反反复复地说这件事，好像没完没了了。
3.if only...的虚拟结构
（1）与现在事实相反一般过去时/were
（2）与过去事实相反 had+过去分词
（3）与将来事实相反 would+动词原形
If only he were here! 要是他在这儿就好了。
If only I had informed him of the news earlier. 要是我早点告诉他这条消息就好了。
If only he would lend me his car! 要是他能把车借给我就好了。
4.would rather后面接从句用虚拟语气
（1）表示与现在和将来事实相反，从句中谓语动词用一般过去时/were。
（2）表示与过去事实相反，从句中谓语动词用had+过去分词。
I would rather we didn't see a film this evening. 我宁愿我们今天晚上不看电影。
I'd rather you had returned the book yesterday. 我宁愿你昨天就已经把书还了。
5.表示坚持、决定、要求、命令等词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气
insist；suggest, advise, recommend, propose；decide；ask, demand, require, request, urge；order, command等在以上这些动词后的宾语从句中谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”形式，should可以省略。She suggested we (should) leave early. 她建议我们早点离开。
He insists that she (should) come. 他执意要她来。
She decided that she (should) not submit to her fate. 她决定不屈服于命运。
The officer commanded that all the soldiers (should) stop marching and camp at the foot of the mountain. 军官命令所有的士兵停止行军并在山脚下扎营。
【特别提醒】
以上动词所对应的名词后面如果接名词性从句时，谓语动词也用“(should＋)动词原形”形式，should可以省略。
We are all in favour of the suggestion that the sports meet (should) be put off until next week. 我们都支持运动会推迟到下周的建议。
6.It is (high/about) time that...
该句型有两种形式的虚拟结构，从句谓语动词用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”形式，should通常不可以省略。
It is time that we took/should take some measures to protect the heritage sites. 该到了我们采取措施保护文化遗址的时候了。
7.在It is necessary/important/natural/strange/amazing/surprising that...句型中，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”形式，其中should可以省略。
It is necessary that he (should) attend our meeting tomorrow. 他明天有必要参加我们的会议。
（六）“情态动词+完成时”用于虚拟语气中多表示过去未能实现的愿望
1. should have done 本应该做但实际上未做
2. shouldn’t have done 本不应该做但实际上做了
3. could have done 本来能够做但实际上未做
4. might have done 本来可以做但实际上未做
5. needn’t have done 本来不必做但实际上做了
You could/might have given him some help, however busy you were. 不管你有多忙，本来你是可以给他一些帮助的。
There was plenty of time. You needn't have been in such a hurry. 还有很多时间。你本来没有必要这么着急的。
The boy spends too much money buying some useless things. His parents shouldn't have given him so much money. 这个男孩花太多的钱买一些没用的东西。他父母本来不该给他这么多钱。
【特别提醒】
“情态动词＋完成时”还可以用来表示对过去的推测：
1.must have done 一定/肯定做了
2.could have done 可能已经做了
3.may/might have done 也许已经做了
4.can’t/couldn’t have done 不可能做过
二、【典例精练】
1.They might have found a better hotel if they ________(drive) a few more kilometres.
【答案】had driven
【解析】句意：如果他们再多开几千米的话，他们可能会找到一个更好的旅馆。根据主句的谓语might have found以及上下文语境(事情已经发生)可知，if条件句用过去完成时，表示对过去情况的假设。
2.If the new safety system ________(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
【答案】had been put
【解析】句意：如果新的安全系统已经投入使用的话，这起事故就不会发生了。根据句意以及句中的would never have happened可知，句中if引导的是虚拟条件从句，表示对过去的情况进行假设，故谓语动词用过去完成时。
3.We_________(be) back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
【答案】would be
【解析】句意：如果你没把地图弄丢，我们现在已经回到旅馆了。由关键词now可知此处表示与现在的事实相反，故谓语动词用“would＋动词原形”。
4.If we ________(catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. 【答案】had caught
【解析】句意：如果我们昨天赶上了航班的话，我们现在就在海滩上享受我们的假期了。根据句中的时间状语yesterday以及主句中的would be enjoying可知，这是一个错综时间虚拟条件句。从句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。
5.If it ________(be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
【答案】had not been
【解析】句意：如果前几天他没邀请我的话，我现在就不会在这儿了。根据主句的时间状语now与从句的
时间状语the other day可知本题是错综虚拟语气。从句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时。
6.—I am still on the way. Don't wait for me to have dinner.—Had you bicycled there, we ________(have) dinner together now.
【答案】would be having
【解析】句意：——我还在路上。不要等我吃晚饭了。——如果你骑车去那儿的话，现在我们就会在一起吃晚饭了。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处是错综虚拟语气，从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句则表示与现在事实相反的假设，且表示正在进行的动作，故用would be doing形式。
7.________(have) I not witnessed the original painting, I would have been fooled by the inauthentic one.
【答案】had
【解析】句意：如果没有见过原作，我可能已经被那个赝品愚弄了。根据主句中的would have been fooled 可知，此处是对与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时；该从句省略了if，故将had提前构成倒装结构。
8.Our team ________(make it through) last season, but for a serious injury which made one of our top players leave the playing field at the critical moment.
【答案】would have made it through
【解析】句意：我们的球队本来能够在上个赛季顺利晋级的，但是严重的伤病使我们的一名顶级球员在关键时刻离开了赛场。根据语境可知，我们的球队本来在上个赛季能顺利晋级的，而实际上没有，表示与过去事实相反，用would have done形式，表示“(过去)本可以做但没有做成”。
9.—Do you have Betty's phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I ________(not be) able to reach her yesterday.
【答案】wouldn’t have been
【解析】句意：——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？——有。不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。根据句中的时间状语yesterday和副词Otherwise可知，这里表示与过去事实相反的情况，此时谓语动词用“could/might/would/should＋have done”形式。
10.There is a good social life in the village, and I wish ________(have) a second chance to become more involved.
【答案】had
【解析】句意：村子里的社会生活很好，我希望再有一次机会可以更好地参与其中。根据前一句中的There
is可知，此处是与现在的事实相反，因此wish从句中谓语动词用过去式。
11.Have you ever been gazed at, from top to bottom, as if you ________(be) an ancient, foreign relic on display?
【答案】were
【解析】句意：你有没有过这种感觉：你被人盯着看，从头到脚，就像是一个被展览的古老的外国遗物。此处表示与现在的事实相反的假设，故用一般过去时。
12.As for those who are living in poverty, they would rather that they ________(receive) some skills rather than some money.
【答案】received
【解析】句意：对于那些正生活于贫困之中的人来说，他们宁愿得到一些技术而不是一些金钱。在would rather (that)．..句型中，that引导的从句要用虚拟语气，此处用一般过去时表示现在或者将来的愿望。
13.If only I ________(look ahead) a few days ago！Then I wouldn't have been feeling so worried now.
【答案】had looked ahead
【解析】句意：要是几天前我往前看一点就好了。那样的话现在我就不会这么焦急了。根据时间状语a few days ago可知，此处是表示与过去事实相反的愿望，所以从句中谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式。14.It is high time that the child ________(send) to the hospital.
【答案】were sent/should be sent
【解析】句意：该是把孩子送到医院的时候了。It's time that... 后面的从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”。
15.The man in prison insisted that he ________(do) nothing wrong and ________(be) set free. 【答案】had done；should be
【解析】句意：监狱里的那个人坚持认为自己没有做错什么事情，应该被释放。第一空“做错事情”发生在“坚持认为”之前，所以用过去完成时；第二空insist表示“坚持要求”时，从句谓语动词用“(should ＋)动词原形”形式，should可以省略。
16.Jane's pale face suggested that she ________(be) ill, and her parents suggested that she ________(have) a medical examination.
【答案】was；have
【解析】句意：简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她的父母建议她做一个身体检查。第一空suggest表示“表明”，
从句谓语动词不需要用虚拟语气，根据前面的时态可知，用一般过去时；第二空suggest表示“建议”，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”形式，should可以省略。
17.—I still have this pain in my back. This medicine the doctor gave me doesn't work.—Maybe you ________(had taken/should have taken/would take/were to take) it three times a day as you were told.
【答案】should have taken
【解析】句意：——我仍然背疼。医生给我的药不起作用。——或许你应该遵医嘱一天吃三次药。should have done表示“本来应该做但实际上未做”。
18.I did better, but I still wasn't as focused as I ________(should do/should have been/ should be/should have done).
【答案】should have been
【解析】句意：我做得更好了，但我仍然没有像我本应该那样集中精力。根据句意及句中的时态为一般过去时可知，此处用should have done表示“本应该做而实际上未做”，再根据句中的wasn't as focused 可知，此处用should have been。
19.I'm sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________(accomplish) the task on schedule.
【答案】might have accomplished
【解析】句意：很抱歉，我没有在规定时间内完成任务。如果有更好的设备，我可能已经按时完成任务了。此处用might have done表示对过去情况的一种推测。
20.You ________(need not carry) all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant.
【答案】needn’t have carried
【解析】句意：你本来没有必要自己拿这些包裹的。如果你已经要求店员送，商店会派人给你送过去的。needn't have done表示“本来没有必要做但实际上做了”。
21.Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.—Well. He _____(shouldn't/mustn't/can't/wouldn't) have gone far—his coat's still here.
【答案】can’t
【解析】句意：——你知道戴维去哪儿了吗？我到处都找不到他。——他不可能走得很远。他的外套还在这儿。can't have done表示“不可能已经做了”。
22.He ________(should/must/wouldn't/can't) have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by seaside.
【答案】must
【解析】句意：他一定已经完成他的工作了。要不然，他不可能在海边玩。 must have done表示“一定做了”。
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解大全
高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do
If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况
高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计
高中英语语法虚拟语气 教学设计 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]
高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠 一、概述 本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。 通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。 虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。 二、教学目标分析 1．知识与技能 1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2．过程与方法 1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。
高中虚拟语气教案
虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气是什么 定义：①在表示一种完全假设的情况或主观愿望时，动词（实意动词、情态动词、系动词、助动词）需用一种特殊的形式，称为虚拟语气。 ②用来表达非真实的情况，如建议、命令、安排、猜测、愿望/遗憾、假设、空想、白日梦等。 e.g. 1.If I were you,I would forgive Mary.假设 2.I wish you had come to the party yesterday.愿望 3.If only（要是……就好了）you could understand me！愿望 二、虚拟语气怎么用 4.If(先行词) I were（无人称变化）you，I should seize the chance to go abroad. 5.If you had taken my advice，you would not have failed in the exams. 6.If Professor Li should have（had/were to have）time tomorrow，we could ask him questions. 例题1.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week?If you had told me, I could have helped. 例题2. We would be (be) back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map. 例题3. Sorry,I am too busy now.If I （D）time,I would certainly go for an outgoing with you. A.have had B.had had C.have D.had 例题4. ----Do you think John has passed the driving test? -----No.If so,he( C )his car to our college yesterday. A.would drive B.drove C.would have driven D.had driven 注意：在条件句中可省略if，且把were，should，had（需是助动词）提到句首，构成部分倒装（否定不用缩写） e.g. 7.Were I twenty now，I would join the army。现在 8.Should Mr.White call，what would you say?将来 9.Had we made a great effort，we might have succeeded.过去 10.Had I not warned you，you could have been killed.（not置于主语之后）过去 例题5.Had the goverments and scientists not worked together,AIDS-related deaths would not have fallen (fall) since their highest in 2005.
高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)
高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)
虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．
英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）
高中英语语法(虚拟语气)
Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气： ＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词 （如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。
【高中英语】《英语语法—虚拟语气》优质课教案
Grammar-------Subjective mood Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Aim Help the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different situations. 2.Ability Aim To learn the subjunctive mood freely and properly in speaking and writing. 3.Emotional Aims 1)Encourage the students learn more about the grammar. 1)Help the students to form the good habit in learning. 1)Encourage the students to do more exercise consolidate the knowledge. Teaching Important Point Enable the students to use the correct form o f of the subjunctive mood Teaching Difficult Point To know the differences between the attributive and the predicative. Teaching Methods: Summarizing,comparative method;practicing activities Teaching Aids Multi-media classroom and other normal teaching tools Teaching Procedure StepⅠGreeting Greet the whole class. StepⅡDictation StepⅢHomework checking StepⅣGrammar 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实
(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类 （1）语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 （2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气 表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气 表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。 如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析
高考英语虚拟语气知识点经典测试题及解析 一、选择题 1．I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it. A．handed; didn’t steal B．hand; hadn’t stolen C．hand; not steal D．handed; hadn’t stolen 2．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A．won’t be B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．can’t be 3．This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland. A．go B．had gone C．would go D．went 4．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A．shall B．should C．can D．may 5．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 6．I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A．am, will be B．were, would C．will be, could D．was, could 7．How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum! A．shut B．have shut C．had shut D．would shut 8．That was not the first time he ____ us. I think it's high time we ____ strong actions against him. A．betrayed, take B．had betrayed, took C．has betrayed, took D．has betrayed, take 9．Studies show that historical barriers on women acceptance in organizational environments, the development of the company would already be way ahead. A．were it not for B．if there being no C．hadn't it been for D．if it is not for 10．The board thought it urgent that these files _____ right away. A．printed B．had been printed C．would been printed D．be printed 11．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better. A．need have done B．must have done C．can have done D．might have done 12．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
大学英语语法-虚拟语气
虚拟语气 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到) Subjunctive Mood作为专门表达假设意义和其他非事实意义的动词形式，仅是古英语遗留下来的残余。它仅有两个形式，即be型虚拟式和were型虚拟式。 Be型虚拟]----- be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的，不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原形，如动词为被动态，则助动词be也用原形。其主要用法如下： 1)用于表命令、决定、建议、坚持等词语之后的that分句中 这一用法又分三种情况： a)用在 decide,decree,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require, suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中.（宾语从句） 在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。 He ordered that all the books be sent at once. He ordered that all the books be sent at once. we propose that somebody neutral take the chair. She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday. b)用在 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,nece ssary,obligatory,proper等形容词之后的that分句中。（主语从句） It is essential that all the facts be examined first. It was appropriate that thisi tax be abolished. I thousht it advisable that an armed guard stand in readiness. c)用在 decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等名词之后的that分句中。 The board has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston. We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. Their decision was that the school remain closed. 在这一用法中be型虚拟式能与“should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。 He ordered that the books be sent at once . = He ordered that the books should be sent at onc. = He ordered that the books to be sent at once. 2）用于由if,though等引导的分句中.
高中英语虚拟语气语法总结(推荐)
高中英语虚拟语气语法总结 （名师剖析必考语法知识点，值得下载背诵） 虚拟语气 1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或 与事实相反。 2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的 是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。[来源学科网]时态关系 句型：条件从句主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题[来源:https://www.360docs.net/doc/c622421.html,] The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 非真实条件句 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a.同现在事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterd ay, I should / would have told him about it. 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.[来源学科网ZXXK]含义：He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. c.表示对将来的假想 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 混合条件句 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不 同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 虚拟条件句的倒装[来源:Z+xx+https://www.360docs.net/doc/c622421.html,] 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should
高中英语虚拟语气教案
虚拟语气 注意： (1)若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if 省略，而把were，had，should 放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。 Had you taken my advice，you wouldn't have failed in the examination.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。 (2)有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。 If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now. 如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。(从句指过去，主句指现在) (3)有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。 Without electricity(＝If there were no electricity)，life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。 But for your help，it would have caused a serious loss. 要不是你的帮助，那将会导致巨大的损失。 I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them.(If I hadn't been 我那天很忙，否则，我就和他们I would have gone there with them.)，busy that day 一起去那儿了。 1.(2010·湖南卷)If he________my advice，he wouldn't have lost his job. A．followed B．should follow D．would follow C．had followed 解析：句意为：如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。本题考查虚拟语气。因为if条件句表示与过去事实相反，故采用过去完成时。 答案： C
高考英语语法难点：虚拟语气
虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood,又称假设语气,是谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反,在现实中并不存在,或实现的可能性很小。 一、动词的语气 语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气(mood有三种,分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 1.陈述语气 陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问,主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。 Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗? How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊! 2.祈使语气 祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。 Come this way,please! 请这边走。 Don't make any noise, will you 别吵,行吗? Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。 3.虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。 May good luck be yours! 祝你好运! 二、条件句中的虚拟语气 英语中条件从句有两类,一类是真实条件句,另一类是非真实条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句;如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。 A.真实条件句 真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。 If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来,我们就不等他了。 If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property.过去发生洪水的话,常有很大的生命和财产损失。 We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨,我们将去那里。 I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净,我就让你用我的自行车。 B.非真实条件句 在含有非真实条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气,其构成有三种形式: 与现在事实相反if条件句的谓语:were did