人教版高一英语必修二第四单元知识点

一、课程导入

本单元我们将在原有知识的基础上学习新的单词和词组，扩大词汇量和知识面，进一步提高英语水平。英语学习需要从“听说读写”各个方面着手，提高整体运用能力。

二、复习预习

教师引导学生复习上节课所学的知识点，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑

三、知识讲解

知识点1：词语辨析

【考查点】词形变化

知识点2：词语辨析

知识点3：重点词汇

1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的；无居民的, 荒凉的

[典例]

1). He enjoys filming wild animals. 他喜欢拍摄野生动物。

2). We walked into a wild mountain region. 我们走进荒无人烟的山区。[重点用法]

be wild about sth/sb（对某事物[某人]）极热心或热爱

be wild with… 因……而发狂

[练习] 中译英

1). 群众欣喜若狂。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

Keys: 1). The crowd went wild with delight.

2). The children are wild about the new computer.

2. relief n. （痛苦﹑困苦﹑忧虑等的）减轻或解除

[典例]

1). The drug gives some relief from pain. 这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。

2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe. 我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。

[重点用法]

(much) to one’s relief 使某人大为放心；使某人深感宽慰

[练习] 中译英

1). 我最庆幸的是没有迟到。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 见到你在这儿也就放心了。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

Keys: 1). To my great relief/Much to my relief, I wasn't late.

2). It's a great relief to find you here.

3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索

[典例]

1). Wolves hunt in packs. 狼是成群猎食的。

2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal. 警方正在追捕逃犯。

[重点用法]

hunt for 试图找到（某物[某人]）

hunt after 探求；追求

[练习] 中译英

1). 我在寻找一本失去的书。

2). 许多人一生追求成名，但一无所获。

Keys: 1). I am hunting for a lost book.

2). Many people hunt after fame in their lives but never find it.

4. distant n. （空间或时间）远隔的, 遥远的

[典例]

1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city. 机场距离城市大约十英里远。

2). She is a distant cousin of mine. 她是我的远房表妹。

[重点用法]

be distant with / towards with sb. 对……冷淡

[练习] 中译英

1). 这两种学说之间没有什么关联。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 她对妈妈总是很冷淡。

___________________________________________________________

__________________________

Keys: 1). There is a distant connection between the two theories.

2). She is always distant with her mother.

5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运

[典例]

1). They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。

2). It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。

[重点用法]

at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制

have mercy on / upon对……有怜悯心

[练习] 中译英

1). 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 可怜可怜我们吧。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

Keys: 1). The ship was at the mercy of the storm.

2). Have mercy on us!

知识点4：重点词组

1. pay attention to 注意

[典例]

1). Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请注意我说的话。

2). She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。

[短语归纳]

catch sb's attention 吸引某人的注意draw attention to sth. 注意某事物

give one's attention to 注意……

[练习] 中译英

1). 报纸的大标题引起他的注意。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 她要我注意报告中的一处错误。

___________________________________________________________

__________________________

Keys: 1). A newspaper headline caught his attention.

2). She drew my attention to an error in the report.

2. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭

[典例]

1). The moth's habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. 这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏, 几乎绝种了。

[短语归纳]

die away减弱（以至觉察不到）；淡化die down逐渐降低；减弱be dying 垂死的be dying for/to do sth.渴望

die of 死于（饥饿；病）die from死于（外界引起的）die hard很难改变；顽固

[练习] 用die 构成的词组填空

1). The noise of the car ________ in the distance.

2). The old traditions are _________.

3). The man _________ a wound

4). I'm ________ something to eat.

Keys: 1). died away 2). dying out 3). died from 4). dying for

3. come into being形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时态）

[典例]

Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。

[短语归纳]

come into effect实施come into use投入使用

come into power上台执政

[练习]用come的相关词汇填空

1). When did the world _________?

2). The new seat-belt regulations __________ last week.

3). When did this word ___________?

Keys: 1). come into being 2). came into effect 3). come into use

知识点5：重点句子

1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。

[解释]此句可改成：

She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.

“with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构，即with +名词、代词（介词宾语）+v.-ing（宾补）。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为：with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do）作伴随状语或定语

[典例]

With some students following behind, he came in.

[练习] 中译英

1). 站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 新老板很担心，因为有很多事要处理。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

Keys:

1). Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.

2). With a lot of thing to be solved, the new boss worried a lot.

2. They set the number of animals to be hunted. 他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。

[解释]to be hunted为动词不定式的被动式，在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时，在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者，常用不定式的主动式，找不到时常用不定式的被动式。

[典例]

The first thing to be done is to tidy up the office.

The first thing for you to do is to tidy up the office.

[练习] 中译英

1). 在我们出发之前，这辆车必须修理一下。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

2). 会议明天举行。

___________________________________________________________ __________________________

Keys:

1). The car needs to be repaired before we start.

2). The meeting is to be held tomorrow.

四、例题精析

【例题1】

根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：

Daisy desired to help 1 (endanger) species of wildlife because a large number of animals are dying 2 . One day, a flying carpet took her to a 3 (遥远) land, 4 she could find antelopes 5 gave fur to make sweaters. Then she met an elephant in Zimbabwe and was told that elephants used to be hunted without 6 . But now people know the 7 (重要) of wildlife 8 (protect).

答案： 1. endangered 2. out 3. distant 4. where

5. that/which

【例题2】

阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案

文章讲述了Daisy的经历。她到西藏，津巴布韦和热带雨林游览，在那她发现一些动物濒意识到临灭绝，由此她保护动物的重要性。

The passage tells us _________________________________________________________ _______________

_________________________________________________________ ____________________________________

答案：The passage tells us Daisy’s experience . She visited Tibet, Zimbabwe and a rainforest, where she found that some animals are in danger and realized the importance of protecting animals.

五、课堂运用

【基础】

1.【原句】Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animals

that gave fur to make this sweater. 请带我到遥远的地方，在那里我可以发现为制作这件毛衣而提供毛绒的那种动物。

[模仿要点] 句子结构: 定语从句1 （where）+ 定语从句2

【模仿1】我知道有这么一个地方盛产西瓜，而且西瓜含糖高。

___________________________________________________________ ____________________

答案：I know there is a place where you can find watermelons everywhere which is sugary.

【模仿2】我们已经处于这样的处境--- 我们不得不马上解决我们面临的问题。

___________________________________________________________ ____________________

答案：We are put into such a position where we have to solve the problems which we are faced with.

【巩固】

【原句】They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being. 千百万年，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。

[模仿要点] 句子结构: …+ long before….

【模仿1】: 早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息。

___________________________________________________________

____________________

答案：I knew the news that they were invited to the party, long before you told me.

【模仿2】在我认识他们之前的很久他们就互相认识了。

___________________________________________________________ __________________

答案：They had known each other long before I knew them.

课程小结

本节课主要围绕重点词汇和短语进行考查

结合近几年的高考对于词汇的考查往往是与语境想结合，因此，同学在做题时要结合语境来分析题目，灵活地运用语法知识