软件工程选择题题库

1、Software is a set of items or objects that form a “configuration” that includes

（D）

D. all of the above

2、The nature of software applications can be characterized by their information

(D)

A. complexity

B. content

C. determinacy

D. choices "b" and "c"

3、Which of the items listed below is not one of the software engineering layers(b)

a. Process

b. Manufacturing

c. Methods

d. Tools

4、What are the three generic phases of software engineering(a)

a. definition, development, support

b. what, how, where

c. programming, debugging, maintenance

d. analysis, design, testing

5、Which of these terms is a level name in the Capability Maturity Model(b)

a. Ad hoc

b. Repeatable

c. Reusable

d. Organized

CMM。它是对于软件组织在定义、实施、度量、控制和改善其软件过程的实践中各个发展阶段的描述。CMM的核心是把软件开发视为一个过程，并根据这一原则对软件开发和维护进行过程监控和研究，以使其更加科学化、标准化、使企业能够更好地实现商业目标。CMM分为五个等级：一级为初始级，二级为可重复级，三级为已定义级，四级为已管理级，五级为优化级。

6、In which software development problem solving stage are the results delivered(d)

a. Status quo

b. Problem definition

c. Technical development

d. Solution integration

7、The linear sequential model of software development is(a)

a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.

b. A good approach when a working program is required quickly.

c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.

d. An old fashioned model that is rarely used any mor

e.

8、The linear sequential model of software development is also known as the (a)

a. Classical life cycle model

b. Fountain model

c. Spiral model

d. Chaos model

9、The prototyping model of software development is (b)

a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.

b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.

c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.

d. A risky model that rarely produces a meaningful product.

10、The rapid application development model is (c)

a. Another name for component-based development.

b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define requirements clearly.

c. A high speed adaptation of the linear sequential model.

d. All of the abov

e.

11、Evolutionary software process models (d)

a. Are iterative in nature

b. Can easily accommodate product requirements changes

c. Do not generally produce throw away systems

d. All of the above

12、The incremental model of software development is (b)

a. A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined.

b. A good approach when a working core product is required quickly.

c. The best approach to use for projects with large development teams.

d. A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products.

13、The spiral model of software development (c)

a. Ends with the delivery of the software product

b. Is more chaotic than the incremental model

c. Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration

d. All of the above

14、The component-based development model is(c)

a. Only appropriate for computer hardware design.

b. Not able to support the development of reusable components.

c. Dependent on object technologies for support.

d. Not cost effective by known quantifiable software metrics.

15、 Effective software project management focuses on(c)

a. people, performance, payoff, product

b. people, product, performance, process

c. people, product, process, project

d. people, process, payoff, product

16、The first step in project planning is to (d)

a. determine the budget.

b. select a team organizational model.

c. determine the project constraints.

d. establish the objectives and scop

e.

17、Which factor is the least important when choosing the organizational structure

for a software team (d)

a. degree of communication desired

b. predicted size of the resulting program

c. rigidity of the delivery date

d. size of the project budget

18、One of the best ways to avoid frustration during the software development process is to (a)

a. give team members more control over process and technical decisions.

b. give team members less control over process and technical decisions.

c. hide bad news from the project team members until things improve.

d. reward programmers based on their productivity.

19、Which of these software characteristics is not a factor contributing to project coordination difficulties (b)

a. interoperability

b. performance

c. scale

d. uncertainty

20、Which of these software characteristics are used to determine the scope of a software project (c)

a. context,lines of code, function

b. context, function, communication requirements

c. information objectives, function, performance

d. communications requirements, performance, information objectives

21、What activity does a software project manager need to perform to minimize the risk of software failure (d)

a. double the project team size

b. request a large budget

c. allow absolutely no schedule slippage

d. define milestones and track progress

22、Which of these is not a valid reason for measuring software processes, products, and resources (c)

a. to characterize them

b. to evaluate them

c. to price them

d. to improve them

23、Process indicators enable a software project manager to (d)

a. assess the status of an on-going project

b. track potential risks

c. adjust work flow or tasks

d. all of the above

24、Which of the following items are not measured by software project metrics (b)

a. inputs

b. markets

c. outputs

d. results

25、Which of the following software quality factors is most likely to affected by radical changes to computing architectures (d)

a. operation

b. transition

c. revision

d. none of the above

26、Which of the following provide useful measures of software quality (d)

a. correctness, performance, integrity, usability

b. reliability, maintainability, integrity, sales

c. correctness, maintainability, size, satisfaction

d. correctness, maintainability, integrity, usability

27、To be an effective aid in process improvement the baseline data used must be:

(b)

a. based on reasonable guesstimates from past projects

b. measured consistently across similar projects

c. collected over the past 6 months

d. based on all previously completed projects

28、The software engineering environment (SEE) consists of which of the following

(c)

a. customers and users

b. developers and managers

c. hardware platforms and software tools

d. none of the above

29、LOC-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on (c)

a. information domain values

b. project schedule

c. software functions

d. process activities

30、FP-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on (a)

a. information domain values

b. project schedule

c. software functions

d. process activities

31、Process-based estimation techniques require problem decomposition based on (c)

a. information domain values and data objects

b. project schedule and milestones

c. software functions and process activities

d. none of the above

32、Software risk always involves two characteristics (c)

a. fire fighting and crisis management

b. known and unknown risks

c. uncertainty and loss

d. staffing and budget

33、Three categories of risks are (b)

a. business risks, personnel risks, budget risks

b. project risks, technical risks, business risks

c. planning risks, technical risks, personnel risks

d. management risks, technical risks, design risks

34、Risk projection attempts to rate each risk in two ways (c)

a. likelihood and cost

b. likelihood and impact

c. likelihood and consequences

d. likelihood and exposure

35、Risk tables are sorted by (b)

a. probability and cost

b. probability and impact

c. probability and consequences

d. probability and exposure

36、An effective risk management plan will need to address which of the following issues (d)

a. risk avoidance

b. risk monitoring

c. contingency planning

d. all of the above

37、Which of the following is not one of the guiding principles of software project scheduling (b)

a. compartmentalization

b. market assessment

c. time allocation

d. effort validation

38、A task set is a collection of (a)

a. engineering work tasks, milestones, deliverables

b. task assignments, cost estimates, metrics

c. milestones, deliverables, metrics

d. responsibilities, milestones, documents

39、Adaptation criteria are used to determine the (d)

a. costs of product maintenance

b. adjustments to the project schedule

c. best project type classification for a software process

d. recommended degree of rigor for software process

40、For purposes of determining the major engineering tasks and distributing them on the project time line, the project manager should assume that the process model used is (d)

a. linear sequential

b. iterative

c. evolutionary

d. any of the above

41、The purpose of earned value analysis is to (b)

a. determine how to compensate developers based on their productivity

b. provide a quantitative means of assessing software project progress

c. provide a qualitative means of assessing software project progress

d. set the price point for a software product based on development effort

42、A key concept of quality control is that all work products (c)

a. are delivered on time and under budget

b. have complete documentation

c. have measurable specifications for process outputs

d. are thoroughly tested before delivery to the customer

43、Software reliability problems can almost always be traced to (b)

a. errors in requirements gathering

b. errors in design and implementation

c. human error

d. errors in operation

44、Which of these are valid software configuration items (d)

a. case tools

b. documentation

c. executable programs and test data

d. all of the above

45、Which of the following tasks is not part of software configuration management

(c)

a. change control

b. reporting

c. statistical quality control

d. version control

46、Use-cases are scenarios that describe (a)

a. how software is to be used in a given situation.

b. how CASE tools will be used to construct the system.

c. the build plan for a software product.

d. the test cases for a software product.

47、Information flow represents the manner in which data and control (b)

a. are related to one another.

b. changes each moves through the system.

c. will be implemented in the final design.

d. none of the abov

e.

48、In the context of requirements analysis, two types of problem partitioning are

(b)

a. bottom-up and top-down

b. horizontal and vertical

c. subordinate and superordinate

d. none of the above

49、Which of the following is not an objective for building an analysis model (c)

a. define set of software requirements

b. describe customer requirements

c. develop an abbreviated简短的 solution for the problem

d. establish basis for software design

50、Which of the following is not an area of concern in the design model (d)

a. architecture

b. data

c. interfaces

d. project scope

51、The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word (d)

a. accuracy

b. complexity

c. efficiency

d. quality

52、What types of abstraction are used in software design (d)

a. control

b. data

c. procedural

d. all of the above

53、Which of these model types does not represent a software architecture (a)

a. data

b. dynamic

c. process

d. structural

54、Which of the following is not part of software architecture (a)

a. algorithm details

b. databases

c. data design

d. program structure

55、An architectural style encompasses which of the following elements (d)

a. constraints

b. set of components

c. semantic models

d. all of the above

56、The criteria used to assess the quality of an architectural design should be based on system (b)

a. accessibility and reliability

b. data and control

c. functionality

d. implementation details

57、In transaction mapping the first level factoring results in the (b)

a. creation of a CFD

b. derivation of the control hierarchy

c. distribution of worker modules

d. refinement of the module view

58、A necessary supplement to transform or transaction mapping needed to create a complete architectural design is (c)

a. entity relationship diagrams

b. the data dictionary

c. processing narratives for each module

d. test cases for each module

59、Which of the following interface design principles reduce the user's memory load

(d)

a. define intuitive shortcuts

b. disclose information in a progressive fashion

c. establish meaningful defaults

d. all of the above

60、Interface consistency implies that (d)

a. input mechanisms remain the same throughout the application

b. each application should have its own distinctive look and feel

c. navigational methods are context sensitive

d. answers a and b

61、Which of these are objectives for software testing (d)

a. determine the productivity of programmers

b. eliminate the need for future program maintenance

c. eliminate every error prior to release

d. uncover software errors

62、Black-box testing attempts to find errors in which of the following categories

(d)

a. incorrect or missing functions

b. interface errors

c. performance errors

d. all of the above

63、What is the normal order of activities in which software testing is organized

(c)

a. unit, integration, system, validation

b. system, integration, unit, validation

c. unit, integration, validation, system

d. none of the above

64、The first step in any OOA process model are to (c)

a. build an object-relationship model

b. define collaborations between objects

c. elicit customer requirements

d. select a representation language

65、UML (unified modeling language) analysis modeling focuses on the (d)

a. behavioral model and environment model

b. behavioral model and implementation model

c. user model and environmental model

d. user model and structural model

1. Modern software applications are so complex that it is hard to develop mutually exclusive category names.(a)

a. True

b. False

2. Software developers succeed more often than they fail, but software failures receive more press coverage.(a)

a. True

b. False

3. Adding more people to a project that is already behind schedule is a good way to catch up. (b)

a. True

b. False

4. Modern CASE tools are more important than the newest hardware for achieving good software quality and productivity.(a)

a. True

b. False

5. Change cannot be easily accommodated in most software systems, unless a system was designed with change in mind.(a)

a. True

b. False

6. A general statement of objectives is all that is needed to begin developing a piece of software.(b)

a. True

b. False

7. The formal technical review is an inadequate substitute for testing regardless of nature of the software defect.(b)

a. True

b. False

8. Software engineering encompasses a process,methods for managing and engineering software,and tools.(a)

a. True

b. False

9、The goals of review is to find errors.(b)

a. True

b. False

10、The goals of testing is to find defects.(b)

a. True

b. False

1、What is a software process

Answer:It is a framework for the activities, action, and tasks that are required to build high-quality software.

2、What are the elements of a software process framework

Answer:Framework activities includes work tasks,work products,milestones & deliverables,QA checkpoints and Umbrella Activities.

3、What are the five generic process framework activities

Answer:Communication: with customers, stakeholders, team

Planning: for the workflow that is to follow

Modeling:to advance the understanding of requirements,includes Analysis of requirements and Design

Construction:combines code generation and testing

Deployment: delivery to the customer for evaluation

4、What are the elements of a design model

Answer:Data/class design,architectural design,interface design and component-level design

5、What are the five Quality Attributes

Answer:Functionality

Usability

Reliability

Performance

Supportability

6、What are the elements of Software Quality Assurance

Answer:Standards,reviews and audits,testing,error/defect collection and analysis,change management,education,vendor management,security management,safety,risk management

7、List 3 principles for scheduling software projects.

Answer:Compartmentalization, interdependency, time allocation, effort validation, defined responsibilities, defined outcomes, defined milestones

8、What is a formal technical review

Answer:The purpose of an FTR is to have a group of software engineers examine a discrete work product and determine whether or not the product is free of defects using the software specifications and standards as the review criteria.

9、What are the five phases of software requirements analysis

Answer:Problem recognition

Evaluation and synthesis

Modeling

Specification

Review

10、Describe the object-oriented software domain analysis process.

Answer:

Software domain analysis is the identification, analysis, and specification of common, reusable capabilities within a specific application domain in terms of common objects, classes, subassemblies, and frameworks.