学考试英语试卷(详解)
2018~2019学年四川成都双流县棠湖中学高二上学期开
学考试英语试卷(详解)一、阅读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）
1. A.（1）A
Around this time a few years ago, it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the "ice bucket challenge" , it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there's a new challenge and this time, no water is involved.
What is it? Well, think of a fruit that you'd never normally sink your teeth into.Perhaps you've got it: a lemon. While we enjoy using lemons to add flavor to dishes,very few of us would actually eat one as we'd eat an apple or an orange.
But the horrible taste is the precise reason why the "lemon face challenge" is taking off. Participants bite into a lemon, taking a selfie as they do it before posting the photo online. The fun is all about expression people make as all that citric acid （柠檬酸） hits their taste buds （味蕾）. Every expression seems to say, "This is worse than freezing water."
The serious side to this trend is the good cause it's all in aid of. The challenge aims to raise awareness of a rare brain cancer that affects young children. It was started by Aubregh Nicholas, an 11-year-old US kid. She was diagnosed with this rare brain cancer herself in September 2017, but has since raised almost $50000 to cover her medical expenses thanks to the challenge.
If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however,show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.
Why is the icy bucket challenge mentioned m the article.
to show how charity gained its popularity online.
B.C.D.A.B.C.D.（2）A.go away suddenly
B.become successful and popular
C.remove your clothes
D.take a break
（3）A.positive
B.indifferent
C.negative
D.ambiguous
（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】to introduce a similar challenge that raises money for charity.
to attract people's attention to a rare disease.
to prove its popularity around the world.
Compared with the pre-Internet charity, what is the advantage of online charity?
It raises more money than ever before.
It is started by the people who suffer rare diseases.
It brings people together easily and quickly.
It causes little doubt among people.
What does the underlined phrase “take off' in the last paragraph mean?
What is the author's attitude towards online charity?
B
C
B
A
推断题。根据第一段中it was common to see videos of friends in social
media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them可以得知这篇文章是
在讲一个筹钱的慈善活动。
推断题。根据文章更最后一段That way the ice bucket challenge took off
in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their
lemon faces可以推出这个活动优点是可以方便快速地把人们聚集在一起。
猜词题。从最后一段If a challenge is going to raise publicity and
contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and
original可以得知take off文中意思是变得成功。
推断题。根据最后一段There are a lot of stories about the downside of
social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how
online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who
most need it.可以得知作者认为网络文化能把人们联系到一起做慈善事业，所
以他的态度应该是 "积极的" 。
2. A.B.C.D.（1）A.eight times a day
B.three times a day
C.four times a day
D.twice a day
（2）A.B.C.D.（3）（4）B
The Healthy Habits Survey shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
Finding: A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
Step: Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
Finding: Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number which doctors recommend.
Step: We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs（病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle.And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
Finding: Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
Step: Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge （海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
What is found out about American seniors?
About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day.
Most of them have good habits.
Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week.
All of them are fighting germs better than expected.
Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands .
Which of the following is true according to the text?
We should keep from touching our faces.
There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
The text probably comes from .
A.a guide book
B.a book review
C.a popular magazine
D.an official document （文件）
（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】A
A
D
C 细节题。由 "A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day." 可
知有大约1/3的人每天只刷一次牙。许多人的生活习惯并不算好，B项不对。老
年人每星期洗澡小于3天，C项不对。人们没有像应该做的那样抗菌，D项不
对。故选A。
细节题。由 "nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day-half of the
number doctors recommend." 可知，每天洗4次手只达到了医生要求的一
半，即每天应洗8次手。故选A。
细节题。由 "Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge
（海绵） that can carry more germs than anything else? " 可知厨房里的
海绵可以携带比厕所更多的细菌。故选D。
推断题。A项 "指南" ，B项 "书评" ，C项 "受欢迎的杂志" ，D项 "官方文件"
。根据文章内容推断应为杂志。故选C。
3.C
As technology develops, school students who are off class may have no fear of too much absence from class. A small robot may help those children recovering from a long-term illnesses in the hospital or at home. These children may feel isolated from their friends and classmates. The robot takes their place at school. Through the robot,the children can hear their teachers and friends. They also can take part in class from wherever they are recovering.
Anyone who has had a long term illness knows that recovering at home can be lonely. This can be especially true of children. They may feel left out. Now these children may have a high-tech friend to feel less alone. And that friend is a robot. The robot is called AV1. AV1 goes to school for a child who is at home while recovering from a long-term illness. And the child's school friends must help. They carry the robot between classes and place the robot on the child's desk.
A.to be difficult to deal with
B.to be away from
C.to be unhappy or feel sorrow
D.to be hopeful
（1）A.B.C.D.（2）A.By using a tablet or phone.
B.By joining in classroom activities.
C.Through a small speaker.
D.Through a small camera.（3）（1）（2）（3）【答案】（1）（2）（3）【解析】A Norwegian company called No isolation created the robot. The co-founders of No Isolation are Karen Dolva and Marius Aabel. Dolva explains how the robot AV1 works.She says, from home, the child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot. Then they use the same device （设备）to control the robot's movements. At school, the robot becomes the eyes, ears and voice of the child. The child can take part in classroom activities from wherever she/he is recovering-whether at home or from a hospital bed.The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras make communicating easy.
What's the meaning of the underlined word "isolated" ?
What can we know about AV1?
It can go to school on its own.
It is small and looks like a kid.
It can replace children to attend classes.
It was created by Dolva and Aabel.
How are the movements of AV1 controlled?
C
C
A
猜词题。从划线句前面…a long-term illness in the hospital or at home和
划线句后…can hear their teachers and friends可以知道之前那些孩子是 "孤
独、远离" 朋友们的。
细节题。根据最后一段At school, the robot becomes the eyes, ears and
the voice of the child可以知道AV1能代替孩子去参与课堂。
细节题。文章最后一段the child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot
可以得出答案。4.D
A.B.C.D.（1）The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream,years away from coming into reality in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way https://www.360docs.net/doc/c78778635.html,panies have been testing their cars in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology may change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is managed.
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars,policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions（排放）and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around. The arrival of driverless cars is a chance to make sure that those cars are environmentally friendly and more shared.
Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today with driverless cars?Imagine a future where most adults own their self-driving cars. They accept long, slow journeys to and from work on crowded highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride. They take their driverless car to a date and set the empty car to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing （网约车）services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless cars doesn't worsen the transportation system we have today. The coming technological development presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.
What can we learn from the first paragraph?
Self-driving cars are not allowed in the real world.
Driverless taxies will be seen everywhere on the road in a short term.
California is not alone in testing driverless cars.
Self-driving technology will definitely benefit transportation system.
A.B.C.D.（2）A.B.C.D.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）（1）（2）（3）（4）【答案】（1）（2）（3）（4）【解析】According to the author, policymakers should pay more attention to .
how driverless cars can help deal with transportation-related problems
how driverless cars can travel safely
how driverless cars can travel faster
how driverless cars can move more people
What is a possible side effect of self-driving cars?
Journeys to and from work become longer.
More and more people abandon public transportation.
There is no place to park them.
They may result in traffic jams.
What can be a suitable title for the text?
Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
Future Technology Underway
Transportation System in the Future
Robot Cars on the Road
C
A
B
A
推断题。从第一段California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way
here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the
country可得知加利福尼亚州不是唯一正在测试无人驾驶车的地方。
细节题。从第二段policymakers also should be talking about how self-
driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer
more convenient and affordable mobility options得知政策制定者应该更
注意无人驾驶车帮助解决交通问题。
细节题。第四段The convenience even leads fewer people to take public
transport--an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in
ride- hailing services直接指出无人驾驶车副作用是会有更少人使用公共交
通。
主旨题。全文都在讲述城市应该如何为robot car的的到来做准备。
二、七选五（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
5. A.B.C.D.E.F.G.【答案】【解析】Some people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour
with them and feel as if you have known them half your life. 1 .
Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they'll help you put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.
First of all , good talkers ask questions. 2 .One well-known businesswoman says, "At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It's a common question, but it will get things going." From there you can move on to other matters—sometimes to really personal questions. 3 .Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen to the answers. This point seems clear, but it isn't. Your questions should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to.And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively.
4 If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he's really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to tones of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then, it's time for you to change the subject. Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting. If you're saying goodbye,you may give him a firm handshake and say, "I've really enjoyed meeting you."
5 .Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they've known you half their life.
Real listening at least means some things.
You can become a popular person.
Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question.
And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.
If you want to see that person again, don't keep it a secret.
It's polite to listen to others with a smile.
These people have something in common.
GCDAE
1．第一段是总结段，引出一些人让人相处很愉快的事，说明 "他们有很多共同点"
，后面几段全都是在讲他们的特点。
2．空格前提到了good talkers ask questions，后面选项C中Almost anyone, no
matter how shy he is, will answer a question也重复了关键词 "问问题" 。
3．空格前提到此时谈话可以更加私人化，选项And how he answers will let you
know how far you can go承接了上文并提出对方回答是决定对话走向的关键。
4．此处为主旨题。这一段都是在讲 "real listening" 的内容，只有A选项提到了且在
总结。
5． 空格后Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as
if they've known you half their life说明要勇敢表达自己感情，不要保守这个秘密
（secret）。
三、完形填空（共20小题，每题1.5分，满分30分）
6.
1.Recently I understood the true meaning of love. The 1 was Kane, my neighbor
Joline's two-year-old son.
Kane was born with a physical problem on his 2 . And I witnessed（目睹）the 3 that Kane's physical shortcomings had on his family. I also witnessed much more than that. I saw a 4 family that embraced（拥抱）this special child. A family that wouldn't allow Kane to know he was 5 . Joline had constructed a small cart（手推车）just a few inches off the floor for his son to 6 . Kane used his hands to move about, and the cart 7 him to "go to" any place just as everyone else was able to do. Kane was not just a member of the family, but the 8 of the family.
With a wide smile, it was easy to see that even at the age of two, Kane liked to 9 with people very much. With wisdom of an individual, this boy even 10 the most complex of human emotions. Later I came to 11 that this child was sent to help some of us who weren't just getting what love was all about.
Kane demanded attention, 12 not because of his mobility（移动能力）challenges or other apparent shortcomings. In his mind, he had no 13 or shortcomings. The 14 was that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.
Kane 15 me in a deep way. His ability to refuse to be different has 16 me. Kane was and is 17 lots of warm and powerful energy to me. From him and his family I learnt the 18 : love surpasses（超越）all things. I can only imagine that as the parent of a child like Kane one might be filled with 19 . But I believe that having a child like Kane is actually a（n） 20 . The parents of such special babies are angels too, just as the babies are.
A.problem
B.reason
C.matter
D.pressure
2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.【答案】【解析】A.hands
B.eyes
C.legs
D.arms A.effect
https://www.360docs.net/doc/c78778635.html,ment
C.demand
D.look A.similar
B.wonderful
C.practical
D.fair A.irregular
B.difficult
C.different
D.terrible A.go ahead
B.speed up
C.turn out
D.get around A.invited
B.allowed
C.advised
D.caused A.symbol
B.signal
C.center
D.mark https://www.360docs.net/doc/c78778635.html,municate
https://www.360docs.net/doc/c78778635.html,pare
C.agree
https://www.360docs.net/doc/c78778635.html,pete A.reminded
B.understood
C.discovered
D.trusted A.recognize
B.experience
C.imagine
D.realize A.and
B.or
C.but
D.as A.challenges
B.expectations
C.promises
D.chances A.goal
B.result
C.possibility
D.truth A.touched
B.stopped
C.caught
D.kept A.puzzled
B.shocked
C.amused
D.inspired A.even
B.yet
C.still
D.almost A.lesson
B.subject
C.notice
D.skill A.excitement
B.determination
C.anger
D.anxiety A.ability B.advantage C.problem D.exception
BCABC DBCAB DCADA DCADB
1．考查名词。最近我理解了爱的意义，（能够理解的）原因是Kane；problem问
题，reason原因，matter问题，pressure压力。
2．考查名词。hands手，feet脚，legs腿，arms膀子；从下文的：Using his hands
to move about, 可知Kane天生的腿有毛病。
3．考查名词。我目睹了Kane身体缺陷对他家庭的影响，have effects on对…有影
响。
4．考查形容词。similar相似的，wonderful极好的，practical实践性的，fair公平
的；我看到了一个拥抱特殊孩子的 "极好的" 家庭。
5．考查形容词。irregular不规则的，different不同的，terrible可怕的；作者见到一
个了不起的家庭拥抱这个特殊的孩子，一个不愿意让孩子知道他是 "不同的" 的家
庭。
6．考查短语辨析。go ahead去吧，speed up加速，turn out结果是，get around
到处走走，传开；Joline做了个手推车来带着他儿子到处行动。
7．考查动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；手推车使他到处 "走" 成为可
能。
8． 考查名词。symbol标志，signal信号，center中心，mark标记；Kane不仅是家
庭一员，更是家庭的中心。
9．考查动词。communicate with sb.和某人交流；Kane很喜欢和人们交流。
10．考查动词。remind使想起，understand理解，discover发现，trust相信；在个
人智慧辅助下，Kane甚至理解了最复杂的人类情感。
11．考查动词。recognize认出，experience经历，imagine想象，realize实现/意
识到；随后我意识到这个孩子被送去帮助他人了。
12．考查连词。短语not only…but also意思是 "不但，而且" ，可以省略成but
not。
13．考查名词。challenge挑战，expectation期待，promise承诺，chance机会；
在他心中，他并没有挑战或缺陷。
14．考查名词。the truth is that事实是…；事实是他收获了关注因为他如此鲜活且
真实。
15．考查动词。touch sb. in a deep way深深触动了某人；Kane在某方面深深触动
了我。
16．考查动词。puzzle使迷惑，shock使震惊，amuse娱乐，inspire鼓舞；他拒绝
成为特殊的能力让我受到了鼓舞。
17．考查副词。句子已经完整考虑副词，Kane曾经并且现在对我来说 "依然" 是温暖
和有力的能量来源；；even甚至，yet也，almost几乎。
18．考查名词。从他和他的家庭我学到了一课（a lesson）：爱会超越一切。
19．考查名词。excitement激动，determination决心，anger愤怒，anxiety焦
虑；Kane可能曾充满了焦虑。
20．考查名词。ability能力，advantage优势，problem问题，exception例外；我
相信一个家庭有像Kane一样的孩子也是有好处的。
四、语法填空（共10小题，每题1.5分，满分15分）
7.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括
号中词语的正确形式填空。
What might life be like if you looked very different from others? Most of us are lucky to be born with "normal" faces. , the movie Wonder shows us that there is no such thing as being normal and that beauty is more than skin-deep.
【答案】【解析】 （base） on a bestselling novel, the movie is about a boy named Auggie. He has a facial deformity （畸形） and has spent most of his life being home schooled. But as he enters middle school, his parents decide to send him to a private school. There,Auggie must deal with judgmental classmates and learn to accept （he） as he is.
In the US, most kids （teach） that it is OK to be different. Most people in the US celebrate being unique.
But some kids have difficulty （accept） uniqueness. It's easy to pick on someone who's different, （especial） if you have your own problems to deal with. This is another （center） theme from the movie-even the kids pick on Auggie have their own personal struggles.
As Auggie's classmates get to know him better, they come to find that he's a nice kid a great sense of humor. They start to change their attitude toward him. In real life, it may take longer to see such changes happen. But if we give people chance,their hearts and minds may change in the end.
However ; Based ; himself ; are taught ; accepting ; especially ; central ;
who/that ; with ; a
1．此处需要填一个表转折的词，且空格后有逗号，故用However。
2．分析此处需要填一个非谓语，固定搭配be based on "以…为基础" ，根据一本畅
销小说，电影是关于一个男孩的。
3．分析此处缺少代词，学会接受他自己，与主语是同一人，因此用反身代词。
4．此处考查时态语态。在美国，大多数孩子都被教导要与众不同；是一般现在时而
且主语the kids应该是被教导的，所以用被动。
5．分析此处应该填一个被动非谓语，但有些孩子很难接受独特性，固定搭配have
difficulty （in） doing sth.做某事有困难，所以要变成动名词。
6．分析此处成分完整需要填一个副词，特别是你有自己的问题要处理，作状语用副
词。
7．此处考查形容词因为成分完整且修饰名词theme；这是来自电影的另一个主题。
8．考查定语从句。即使选择Auggie的孩子也有自己的个人奋斗；该限制性定语从句
先行词为the kids且在从句中做主语，因此用who/that。
9．考查介词。他们开始发现他是个很有幽默感的好孩子，用with表示 "拥有" 某物。
10．考查冠词。chance是可数名词需要修饰限定，此处意思是 "一个机会" ，所以用
a。
五、短文改错（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）
8.【答案】【解析】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My summer travel started terribly. I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou. I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it. Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on. It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.
1. 第二句改buy为buying。
2. 第三句改here为there。
3. 第三句在for前面加a。
4. 第四句改but为and。
5. 第五句改on为in。
6. 第五句改was为were。
7. 第六句改luggages为luggage。
8. 第七句改friend为friend's。
9. 第七句去掉to。
10. 第八句改feel为felt。
1. 此题考查非谓语动词，buy这个动作由我发出。
2. 此题考查副词的用法，here指 "在这里" 。there指 "在那里" ，由句意分析可知应
将here改为there。
3. 此题考查固定短语，for a long holiday译为 "一个长假" 。
4. 此题考查连词的用法，此为并列关系而非转折关系。
5. 此题考查介词的用法，钱是在口袋里面的。
6. 此题考查主谓一致，主语中心语为clothes，谓语动词要用复数。
7. 此题考查名词的单复数，luggage为行李的总称，为不可数名词。
8. 此题考查名词的所有格，根据句意可知，作者到达朋友的家。
9. 此题考查动词的用法，lend sb sth译为 "借某物给某人" 。
10. 此题考查动词的时态，本文叙述的是过去发生的事。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
9.【答案】【解析】假定你是李华，你的美国网友Tim向你询问中国高中生寒假的有关情况。请发一封电子邮件向他
简单加以介绍。
内容主要包括：
1．假期的具体时间（1月15日至2月24日）；
2．丰富的假期活动（运动、娱乐、学习、参加社会活动等）；
3．你的寒假计划。
注意：
1．词数100个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：social activities社交活动
Dear Tim,
I'm glad to receive your letter.
Best regards.
Li Hua 略