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在一堂商务英语课上，partial shipment 这个涉及到装运交货的术语就被大部分学生译成了“部分转运/ 部分运输”。partial 确有“部分的，局部的”之意，但在商务英语中，这个词语意为“分批装运”。

大家都知道industry 的意思其一为“工业”，其二为“勤勉，刻苦”，其实它还有“行业、企业”等意思。the tourist industry 就不必译成“旅游工业”，译成“旅游业”即足够了。“ The brisk pickup of business in abortion industry has greatly alarmed many people. ”这句话就应该译为“堕胎行当的生意兴隆使许多人大为震惊”。

capital 与capitol 两词因读音及拼法极为相似而常被误用。capital 作形容词时，意为“首要的，主要的，上等的”，作名词时，意为“首都，省会，资金”等。capitol 指议会大楼，如果 c 作大写，则特指美国国会地址，如报刊上常出现的Capitol Hill 指的是“国会山/ 美国国会”，作小写时则指各州议会会址。

有个学生在课堂上把“ the old man’s youngest son ”翻译成了“那个老头的最年轻的儿子”，令人捧腹。不过，这并非理解上的问题，而是翻译表达问题，根据汉语的习惯，应译为“那个老人的小儿子”。

who’s who 如按字面直译就成了“谁是谁”，但这个短语的实际意思是“重要人物，名流”，和VIP 意思相近。如：Their wedding was attended by a who’s who of Paris. 巴黎的一位社会名流参加了他们婚礼。

大家很熟悉的matter 一词在不同的场合表达不同的意义，请看它在下列句中的译文：It’s an important matter. The article is full of matter. It is a matter of no laughing. 此外printed matter 的意思是“印刷品”。

英语中许多表示颜色的词及衍生的短语也大意不得。red 这个名词的基本意思为“红色、红衣”，如a girl in red “红衣少女”。但在以下的搭配中，其意义均不相同。be in the red 表示“亏损，赔本”，to see red 示“发火，愤怒”，而red-handed 则指“在当场，在犯罪现场”， a man caught red-handed in robbery 指的就是“抢劫现场当场被捉的罪犯”。red light 可以用来表示“危险信号”。red meat “牛肉或羊肉”。

green 这个词又有哪些不同的含义呢？He is a green hand. 他是个菜鸟/ 新手。Do you see any green in my eye？你以为我是好欺骗的吗？green eye 的意思是“嫉妒的眼

睛”。green old age 则为“老当益壮”。

同理，white lie 不能译成“白色的谎言”，而是“没有恶意的谎言”。媒体里常出现的“黄色淫秽电影”不能翻成“ yellow film ”，而要译成“ blue film ”。有人把“拳头产品”望文生义地译成了“ fist product ”，令在场的老外莫名其妙。正确的翻译应为“ knockout product ”或“ best product ”。

He gives me a black look. 怎么译？如不了解black 这个词的多种含义，从字面上直译肯定会出笑话。此处的black 为“凶恶的，怒火中烧的”，本句可译为“他对我怒目而视”。类似的句子还有“ He was black with anger. ”，即“他怒气冲冲”之意。black art 为“魔术”。当然这个词还有很多意思，同学们须在平时的学习中留心掌握和记忆。

下列这些词都包含多重含义，读者应联系上下文准确理解和翻译。

aggressive ：侵略的，攻击性的；有进取心的，积极的。如：aggressive policy 侵略政策，或咄咄逼人的政策；aggressive war 侵略战争；John was an aggressive guy，who did his job well. 约翰是一个很有上进心的小伙子，他的工作很出色。

scheme ：计划，方案；阴谋，奸策。如：He suggested several schemes to increase sales. 他提出了好几种促销方案；That so-called sale is a scheme to swindle the consumer. 所谓

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