新视野 英语第四册 1—8单元讲义

讲义

新视野大学英语第四册(二版)第一单元教案讲义

Notes to the Text

I. Active Expressions

In English, you may find some expressions formed by very common words, but they

are active and powerful.

• What’s on at the cinema tonight?

• 今晚电影院上演什么？

• What’s he up to?

• 他忙什么呢？

Find out the active expressions:

1. The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not …

2. both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself.

3. … until he came upon the idea of teaching children and developing the …

1. at best even when considered in the most positive way

2. end up finally be in a particular situation or place

3. object to oppose or disapprove of something

4. come on/upon find something or meet someone expectedly

Translation

1. 这次会议充其量只是部分成功。

2. 结果，他失业了很长一段时间。

3. 我一直反对这种想法：一切都事先定好，我们没有任何选择。

4. 我们无意中想到在网上请人们捐款。

1.The meeting was at best partially successful.

2.He ended up unemployed for a long time.

3. I always objected to the idea that everything is predetermined and that we have no choice.

4. We came upon the idea of asking people to donate money over the Net.

II. Focus Study

1. Most would be hard-pressed to tell you how they even got there.

be hard-pressed to do sth. 做某事有困难

Translation

• 今年这家航空公司要赢利困难重重。

• 你很难找到更好的人做这项工作。

• This year the airline will be hard-pressed to make a profit.

Y ou’d be hard-pressed to find anyone better for the job.

2. The public simply discounts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous.

…other than…除了……

Translation

• 他只提到了自己的贡献，而没有提其他任何人的。

• 我们错过了最后一班公交车，所以除了走回家别无选择。

• He didn’t mention anyone else’s contributions other than his own.

• We missed the last bus so there was no choice other than to walk home.

3. It takes you out of yourself: Y ou must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be.

It takes sb. out of …使得某人缺乏……

Translation

这使得我丧失了理智，从而做出了错误的决定。

我失去了自我，再也做不回当初的自己。

It takes me out of mind to make wrong decisions.

• It takes me out of myself: I can’t come back to what I used to be.

Words and Expressions

I. Word Using

1. chase v. to run after someone or something in order to catch them

• Police chased the thief and eventually recovered the missing money.

• The kids chased each other in the garden.

2. participate in

to take part in or become involved in an activity

Translation

• 班里的每个人都应该积极参加这些讨论。

• 他们希望有机会参与决策制定。

• Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in these discussions.

• They wanted opportunities to participate in the decision-making process.

3. pessimistic a.

expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result • 我对未来感到极其悲观。

• 这听起来像是本末倒置，是不必要的悲观。

• I am deeply pessimistic about the future.

• This may sound like putting the cart before the horse and being unnecessarily pessimistic.

pessimistic adj.

1)悲观的

--This is too pessimistic a view. 这一观点太悲观了。

2) 悲观的, 厌世的; 悲观主义的

--take a pessimistic view of ... 对...抱悲观见解

Do you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?

你是否同意她对经济状况所持的悲观看法？

--I have to say I'm rather pessimistic. 我得说我相当悲观。

--She tried to shut all pessimistic thoughts out of her mind.

她努力从头脑中排除一切悲观的想法。

--The article struck a pessimistic note; it suggested there would be no improvement.

那篇文章不甚乐观, 暗示将无改进.

4. worship vt. to admire and love someone very much

• 我们都要有崇拜的英雄，无论他们是运动员、电影明星还是政治家。

• 我小时候崇拜我哥哥。

• We all want heroes to worship, be they sportsmen, film stars, or politicians.

• As a child, I worshipped my older brother.

worship

n. [U] strong feelings of love, respect, and admiration

--He does not conceal his skepticism about a worship of universities that hold the superiority of the academic over the practical, of the pure over the applied.

v. 1) have a strong feeling of respect and admiration for people or objects, often without being aware of their faults

--As a child, I worshipped my elder brother.

worship power / money

2) have or show a strong feeling of respect and admiration for God or a god; go to a religious ceremony

--They worship regularly.

5. spur vt. to encourage someone or make them want to do something

• 我们鼓励他们做出更大的努力。

• 是当地报纸上一篇文章最终促使他采取了行动。

• We spurred them on to greater efforts.

• It was an article in the local newspaper that finally spurred him into action.

6. drown vt.

1) to have a very strong feeling or a serious problem that is difficult to deal with

• 这个国家债台高筑。

• 我们被数据包围，可是却缺乏信息。

• The country is drowning in debt.

• We were drowning in data but starved of information.

2) to die from being under water for too long, or to kill someone in this way

• 他们的船在暴风雨中翻了，淹死了48个人。

• 昨夜有一个男孩在河里淹死了。

• Forty-eight people have drowned after their boat overturned during a storm.

• Last night a boy was drowned in the river.

7. exploit vt. to use something well in order to gain as much from it as possible

• 你可以利用已有的才能。

• 我们需要确保尽可能充分地利用资源。

• Y ou can exploit a talent which you already possess.

• We need to make sure that we exploit our resources as fully as possible.

exploit

n. 1)功绩[勋], 业绩, 英勇的行为, 辉煌的成就

--the exploits of the famous heroes 著名英雄的丰功伟绩

v. 1)开发,利用,开拓

--People should read the related regulations before they exploit natural resources.

在开发自然资源前，人们应该先了解相关的规定。

--Television advertisers can exploit a captive audience.

电视广告?棠芾?帽欢?壑?.

--The daring exploits of the parachutists were much admired.

跳伞者大胆的冒险动作令人赞叹不已.

--In computer security, a computer program with an apparently or actually useful function

that contains additional(hidden) functions that surreptitiously exploit the legitimate authorizations of the invoking process to the detriment of security.

在计算机安全学中，一种计算机程序，表面上或实际上有某种有用的功能，而含有附加的（隐藏的）可能利用了调用进程的合法特许来危害系统安全的功能。

8. idle a.

not working or producing anything

• 一半的工厂在停工。

• 汽车厂的关闭使数千人无事可做。

• Half these factories are now standing idle.

• Thousands of workers are idle now that the car factories have closed.

idle:a.

1)without any particular purpose 无目的的

--an idle glance漫不经心的一瞥

--I don't know why I asked — just idle curiosity.

我不知道我为什么问这个问题，只是出于无意义的好奇心吧。

2)(of people) unwilling to work or be involved in any activity; lazy; wasting time

闲散的，懒散的，无所事事的

--Men are left idle when machines break down. 机器出故障时，人们就闲着没事干了。

--There are few idle people in their department. 他们部门几乎没有闲散人员。

--They kept up the idle chatter for another five minutes.

--Owing to the electricity strike, a lot of factory workers were left idle.

3)not working or operating productively 空闲的，闲着的

--We can't afford to have all this expensive machinery lying idle.

让所有这些贵重机器闲置着，我们可担负不起损失。

--The new financial supervisor intends to make full use of the company's idle capital.

新来的财务总监打算充分利用公司的闲置资本。

idle: a. doing sth. for no particular reason, often because one has nothing to do

--Owing to the electricity strike, a lot of factory workers were left idle.

由于电业工人罢工，许多工厂里工人无活可干。

--They kept up the idle chatter for another five minutes.

他们把这个无聊的谈话又继续了5分钟。

idleness: n. inactiveness; indolence

--A man, like a sword, rusts in idleness. 刀不用会生锈，人闲着会怠惰。

句中-ing分词短语accompanying him in his idle …covered himself作方式状语说明动词词组imposed her company upon him。

9. bore vt. to make someone lose interest and become tired and impatient

• 我就不拿这些技术上的细节来烦你了。

• 那部冗长的小说烦死我了。

• I won’t bore you with all the technical details.

• The long novel bored me to death.

10. sustain vt.

1) to make something continue to exist for a period of time

• 他发现自己无法维持对那份工作的兴趣。

• 这位演讲者成功地使听众的注意力保持到了最后。

• He found that he couldn’t sustain his interest in the job.

• The speaker su cceeded in sustaining the listeners’attention right to the very end.

2) to give someone strength, energy or hope

• 一顿丰盛的早餐能维持我们一天的精力。

• 整个审讯过程中，他家人的支持使他得以支撑下去。

• A good breakfast will sustain us through the day.

• Throughout the trial he was sustained by the support of his family.

11. minute a. very small

• 擦痕很轻微，几乎看不清。

• 不应让他们被这些琐碎的事压垮。

• The scratch was almost too minute to see.

• They shouldn’t be loaded down with minute and unimportant details.

12. discount

n.

1. 折扣

2. 【商】贴现; 贴现率

3. 不全信; 不重视

--at 15% discount 打八五折

--discount of 30% 七折

--They give 10% discount for cash payment. 现金付款, 他们给以九折优待。

--accept a statement with some discount 不全信一种说法

n.[C][U] 1. 折扣;打折扣

--We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.

如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。

--The author's conclusions must be taken at a discount.

作者的结论我们不应全信。

v. 1. 打折扣,贴现

vi. 1. 打折扣出售商品

--Many stores do not discount at all. 许多商店出售商品一概不打折扣。

vt. 1. 将...打折扣;将商品打去...折扣

--Y ou must discount much of what he says. 他说的好些话,你必须打个折扣听。

--The price of the stock fell before its dividend was reduced, for the reduction had already been discounted.

股票的价格在股息降低之前下跌,因为股息降低早在预料之中。

--That store discounts all its slow-selling goods. 那家商店削价出售所有滞销货。

更多例句

--The discount was very huge. 折扣的幅度非常大。

Concern for others seems to be at (something of) a discount today.

如今好像不兴关心别人了.

--Y ou can discount what Jack said: he's a dreadful liar.

杰克说的话你不必当真, 他可是个说谎大王.

--Better reduce the price than allow a discount. 与其给折扣，不如减价。

--We give 10 percent discount for cash. 现金付款，我们九折优惠。

--On production of your membership card, you will receive a discount on purchases.

持会员证购物可享受折扣优待.

--In view of our long-standing relationship, we agree to allow you a discount.

考虑到我们长期的关系, 我方同意给你方折扣。

--These goods will be sold at a discount. 这些货物将减价出售。

13. distinct: adj. easily heard, seen, felt or understood; definite 清楚的；清晰的；明显的；明白的；明确的

--The footprints are quite distinct; they must be fresh.

足迹清晰易辨，一定是不久前留下来的。

--I had the distinct impression that I was being watched.

我很明显地感觉到有人在监视我。

14. contaminate

vt.

1)弄脏; 沾污; (以放射性物质)污染

--The water was contaminated. 这水被污染了。

--Flies contaminate food. 苍蝇会弄脏食物。

2)传染; 感染

3)损害，毒害; 使腐败

--be contaminated by bureaucratism 沾染官僚主义作风

--The waste from this factory contaminates the water in the river.

来自这家工厂的废物污染河水。

--a wound contaminated by bacteria 受细菌感染的伤口

--Flies contaminate food. 苍蝇弄脏食品。

--Flies contaminate food. 苍蝇可污染食物。

--They are contaminating the minds of our young people with these subversive ideas.

他们这些颠覆性的思想是对我们年轻人的精神污染。

15. underline

v.

1)在...下面划线

vt.

1)划线于的...下面, 强调, 着重指出; 使突出

2)预告(下期节目, 出版出刊等)

--In word processing, a facility to automatically underline text.

在字（词）处理技术中，自动在正文下面划线的一种设施

--Those words are underlined in the English book.

那本英语书中有些单词下画着线进行强调。

--Strikes by prison officers underline the need for reform in our gaols.

监狱工作人员罢工一事，突出地表明我们的监狱制度需要改革。

16. uncompromising

a. 1)不让步的,不妥协的,强硬的

--He is too uncompromising to excuse the children's mistakes.

他坚决不肯原谅孩子们的错误。

--She often takes a hard, uncompromising attitude.

她常采取强硬的不妥协的态度。

adj. 1)不让步的, 不妥协的, 不调和的, 坚定的, 不屈的

--The government adopted an uncompromising posture on the issue of independence.

政府在独立的问题上采取了毫不妥协的态度。

-Refusing to moderate a position, especially an extreme position; uncompromising.

不妥协的拒绝缓和态度，特别是极端态度的；不调和的

17. intimate

a. 1)亲密的,私人的,秘密的

v. 1)暗示,通知,告诉

vt. 1)宣布; 通知; 通告2)暗示; 暗指

--intimate one's approval of a plan 暗示同意某项计划

--He intimated his wishes with a slight nod of his head. 他微微颔首示意.

--She was accused of being intimate with several men. 有人说她与几个男人关系暧昧.

--She is my intimate friend. 她是我的密友。

--We're not exactly on intimate terms, but we see each other fairly often.

我们虽算不上关系密切, 但还常见面.

--She has intimated (to us) that she no longer wishes to be considered for the post.

她已（向我们）透露希望不再考虑让她担任该职.

--They intimated us that an agreement would be worked out soon.

他们通知我们说，很快就会达成协议。

--The judge has not intimated (to the jury) whether they will be allowed to reach a majority verdict.

法官没有指示（陪审团）他们可否达成大多数裁定.

--He should listen to his intimate feelings.

人应当倾听自己的内心感觉。

18. objected to: oppose; express opposition to (sth. or sth. being done) 不赞成，反对

--We've all objected to this proposal. 我们都反对这个提议。

--I really object to being charged for parking. 我很反对停车要收费。

--I object to the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive.

我反对该项计划，理由是花费太大。

--Do you object to my going now? 你反对我现在就去吗？

--object to the testimony of the witness 反对证人的证词

--object to modern materialism 反感现代物质主义

object to: feel or express opposition to or dislike of

--We object to being blamed for something that we haven't done.

我们反对因为与我们无关的事情而受到谴责。

--He objects to the label "magician" which people often give him.

他反对人们称呼他为魔术师。

19. accuse

v. 1) 责备,控告

vt.1) 非难, 控告

--She accused him of stealing her watch. 她控告他偷她的表。

--He was accused of murder. 有人指控他谋杀。

--He accused his boss of having broken his word. 他指责老板不守信。

2) 归罪

--They accused him of taking bribes. 他们控告他受贿。

the accuseed 【律】被告, 刑事被告

--Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes. 人类常把自身的不幸归罪于天。

--He was accused of incompetence. 他被指责为不称职。

accuse of: blame (sb.) by saying that they have done sth. morally wrong, illegal, unpleasant or unkind 指控，指责

--The police accused him of theft. 警察控告他偷窃。

--They accused her publicly of stealing their books. 他们公开指责她偷他们的书。

--He was accused of calling for the violent overthrow of the government.

他被指控号召使用武力推翻政府。

--He is accused of making a false statement prior to entering the U.S., which carries a sentence of up to five years in jail.

他被指控在进入美国前作了不实的申报，这要判高达五年的刑期。

--The press began to be accused of being one-sided, unfair, of not giving a balanced picture. 人们开始指责报纸立场偏颇，不公正，没有进行全面的描述。

Compare:

charge sb. with sth.以某事指控某人，控告某人

charge sb.sth.; charge that

--He has been charged with theft.

--He charged me with neglecting my duty.

--The police charged him with car theft. 警方以偷车罪指控他。

impeach sb. for (of ,with) sth.; impeach sb. for doing sth.

--The committee decided to impeach the President.

20. justify

1) [计算机] 调整

v. 1.替...辩护,证明,证明正当

vi. 1.证明合法;辩解

vt.

1)证明...有道理[应该], 为...辩护

--How can you justify your rude behaviour? 你如何解释你的粗鲁行为呢?

--The editors are justified in refusing your work.

那些编辑有充分的理由拒绝你的作品。

2)为...提供法律根据, 宣誓证明(自己)有财力作保

3)【宗】对...释罪

4)【刷】整(版), 装(版), 调整(铅字)的间隔使全行排满

--Can you justify yourself in saying that? 你能证明你有着充分理由可以那样说吗?

--The fine quality of the cloth -fies its high price. 布的质量好, 价钱高是应该的。

--Such action can be justified on the grounds of greater efficiency.

以提高功效为依据可以证明采取这种措施是正确的。

--Improved productivity justifies an increase in wages.

提高了生产力理应增加工资.

--Y ou shouldn't attempt to justify yourself. 你不应想方设法证明自己有理.

--Nothing can justify your cheating on an exam.

任何事情都不能成为你考试作弊的理由。

--The policeman was justified in shooting the criminal in self-defence.

那个警察出于自卫枪击罪犯是正当防卫。

--Tiredness cannot possibly justify your treating staff this way.

你不能以疲劳为理由就这样对待职工.

--Can you justify your action? 你能证明你的行为是正当的吗？

--They found it hard to justify their son's giving up a secure well-paid job.

他们难以理解儿子竟放弃了收入颇丰的稳定工作.

21. single-minded a. someone who works with you as a beginner

a. + n.–ed 具有什么特征的

blue-eyed kind-hearted

broad-minded good-natured

gray-haired light-hearted

open-minded cold-hearted

near-sighted single-handed

22. desperate a.

1) needing or wanting something very much

2) very worried and willing to do anything to change a bad situation

• 他急需一份工作养家糊口。

• 失踪者的家人越来越绝望。

• He is desperate for a job to support his family.

• The missing man’s family are getting increasingly desperate.

be desperate for sth. or to do sth.: be in great need of sth. or to do sth. 极需要某物或极需做某事

--They’re desperate for money. 他们急需钱。

--I’m desperate to see her. 我很想见到她。

23. desperately ad. extremely; very

• 她非常希望自己的文章能被发表。

• 我非常孤独。

• She desperately wanted her article published.

• I was desperately lonely.

remain

v. 1. 保持,依然,剩余

vi.

1)停留, 留下

2)剩余, 余留; 保留

3)继续存在; 依然, 仍然...; 保持

4)终属, 归于(with)

--remain modest and prudent 保持谦虚谨慎

--I remain yours truly [sincerely] 你永远忠实的谨上(信尾客套语)

--How many weeks will you remain [stay] here? 你将在此停留几个星期?

--remain in one's mind 留在记忆中

--The fact remains to be proved. 事实尚待证明

vi.[W]

1. 剩下,余留

--Little of the original architecture remains. 原先的建筑物几乎没有残留。--She remained silent all night. 她整个晚上沉默不语。

--A few pears remain on the trees. 树上尚留有几颗梨子。

--He remained poor all his life. 他终生贫穷。

--It remains to be seen (ie We shall know later) whether you are right.

你是否正确, 以後可见分晓.

--The fact remains that she was lying. 事实表明她说的是假话.

--After the fire, very little remained of my house. 火灾过後, 寒舍所剩无几. --Nothing remains except for me to say goodbye. 最後我该说一声再见了. --She left, but I remained (behind). 她走了, 我没走.

--When the others had gone, Mary remained and put back the furniture.

当其他人走了之后，玛丽留下来，将家具放回原处。

--I remain in London until May. 我在伦敦一直呆到五月。

dissolve

n. 1)电影,电视的)画面的溶暗,叠化画面[U]

v. 1) 溶解,解散

vi. 1) 分解

--Parliament dissolved. 议会解散了。

--The coach dissolved into the blackness. 马车消失在黑夜中。

--Sugar dissolves in water. 糖溶于水。

vt.

1)溶解; 使融化; 使熔化; 使液化

--They dissolved their marriage. 他们已解除婚约。

--Water dissolves salt. 水溶解盐。

--The mystery remains to be dissolved. 那个谜尚待解开。

2. 使分解, 使分离

3. 解散(议会等);【律】废除, 撤消, 解除

4. 使感动, 软化

5. 摧毁, 消灭

6. 揭开, 解开(谜等); 弄明白

7. 使(电影, 电视画面)渐隐, 使溶暗

--be dissolved in tears 感动得眼泪汪汪

--dissolve salt in water 把盐溶解在水里

--dissolve a bond 废除契约

--a dissolve parliament before a general election 大选前解散议会

--dissolve partnership 散伙; 取消同事资格

--dissolve a mystery 揭开秘密

--dissolve one picture into another 使一画面渐渐化入另一画面

--All his hopes dissolved at the terrible news.

那个极坏的消息使他的一切希望都破灭了.

--Ice dissolved in the warm weather. 冰在温暖的天气中溶化了。

--Water dissolves salt. 水能溶解盐.

--Salt dissolves in water. 盐在水中溶解.

--The cream dissolves facial hair. 这种化妆品能清除脸上的汗毛.

--The view dissolved in mist. 那景色在雾中消失了.

--Parliament dissolves tomorrow. 议会定於明日解散.

--The parliament was dissolved. 议会解散了。

assert

v. 1)主张,声明,断言

vt.

1)宣称, 断言, 声明

--He asserted that he was not guilty. 他声明他无罪。

--She asserted her innocence. 她宣称她是清白的。

--The boss asserted his authority by punishing his employees.

老板靠惩罚雇员来维护自己的权威。

2)维护, 坚持

--assert one's rights 维护自己的权利

--assert sth. to be true 断言某事是真实的

--assert national independence 维护民族独立

--We encouraged him to assert his view of the matter.

我们鼓励他坚持自己对此事的看法。

--Y ou're too timid you must try to assert yourself more.

你太畏缩了--要尽量增强自信心.

--She asserted that he was innocent. 她断言，他是无罪的。

--She asserted her innocence/that she was innocent. 她坚称自己很清白[她是无辜的]. sophisticated

a. 1) 诡辩的,久经世故的

--sophisticated weapons 尖端武器

--She is a sophisticated woman. 她是一个老于世故的女人。

adj.

1)老于世故的; 老练的2)复杂的; 精致的

3)掺杂的4)矫揉造作的; 深奥微妙的

5)成熟的, 完善的, 精益求精的6)采用先进技术的, 需要专门操作技能的

--sophisticated modern weapons 复杂的现代武器

--a sophisticated discussion 高深的讨论

--sophisticated music 矫揉造作的音乐

--a sophisticated columnist 老练的专栏作家

--sophisticated new equipment 新的尖端设备

--a sophisticated girl 一个老于世故的女孩子

更多例句

--The electronics aboard the new aircraft are very sophisticated.

安装在新飞行器上的电子器件非常复杂

--Happy birthday to an attractive, intellectual, sophisticated and all-round splendid person. 祝福一位美丽迷人，聪明大方，有教养又倍受赞叹的妙人儿，生日快乐！

--Nobody is as sophisticated as a boy of nineteen who is just recovering from a baby- grand passion.

谁也不会象十九岁的男孩子那么别扭，他是刚刚要从“大幼儿病”恢复过来的嘛。

--As far as defense is concerned, we need to buy more sophisticated weapons.

就防御的观点来说，我们需要购买更多精密的武器。

contemporary

a. 1)同时代的,同时,属于同一时期的

--s Jonson contemporary with Shakespeare?

琼森是否与莎士比亚同辈?

--s lecture is on contemporary American novelists.

他的演讲是关于当代美国小说家的。

n.

1)同代的人，同时期的人；同辈

2现代的人

3同时代的报刊，报刊同业

--Keats and Shelley were -ries. 济慈和雪莱是同代人。

--Is this musician a contemporary 这位音乐家是现代人吗？

n.[C]

1. 同时代的人;同年龄的人

--He was looked down upon by his contemporaries. 他被他的同时代的人瞧不起。

--He is a contemporary of mine, but our experiences are completely different.

他和我是同龄人，但我们的经历截然不同。

--Contemporary reports of the past events are often more interesting than modern historians' view of them.

对于历史上的事件，当时的报道往往比现代历史学家的评述更为有趣。

--He had devoted his whole life to the study of contemporary art.

他把他的一生都献给了当代艺术研究。

--My parents think that the contemporary young people have no respect for authority.

我父母认为现在的年轻人不尊重权威。

--She and I were contemporaries at college. 她和我在学院里是同学。

--Many contemporary writers condemned the emperor's actions.

当时的许多作

motivate

v.

1. 给与动机,刺激,提高...的学习欲望

vt.

1. 作为...的机动, 使具有...的机动

2. 促动; 激发, 促成

II. Old to New

• encourage spur

• make sth. more quickly hasten

• magnificent imperial

• tired bored

• very small minute

• not working idle

• admire worship

• a secret plan plot

• oppose or disapprove object

• lawyer attorney

• very much desperately

• make sth. dirty contaminate

III. Chinese to English

• 冒险；有……风险run a/the risk

• 指控；控告accuse sb. of sth.

• 忠于remain/be true to

• 开除；解雇throw out

• 充其量；至多at best

• 碰到、遇到come on/upon

• 关系密切be intimate with

• 付出代价pay for

• 做某事很困难be hard-pressed to

• 结果end up

Idea Sharing

Tips for translation:

• 《五彩缤纷》的刘导：Director Liu from Multicolor

• 嘉宾：distinguished guest

• 中央电视台的春节晚会：CCTV Spring Festival Gala

• 普通人：a(n) ordinary/common person

• 签名：signature

• 影迷：fans

• 演艺圈：entertainment circle

• 是是非非：gossip

• 冷冷清清的过日子：live in peace

• 委托我们全权代理：authorize us to be your representative

• 我们就是吃这碗饭的：That’s just our work.

• 对售后服务进行摸底：ask sb. for feedback on after service

• 神通广大：powerful

• 起诉：sue sb.

• 名誉权：reputation right

• 三炒两炒把你炒红了：Y ou’ll become famous again with those negative reports.

• 沾你的光：count on you

• 我也得吃饭：I have to survive.

• 特别走红：very hot

English Equivalents of Chinese

参与自我毁灭to participate in one’s own destruction

最乐观地说at best

出人头地the conquest of fame

精神崩溃emotionally bankrupt

渴望粉丝追捧desire for worshiping fans

发挥唱歌特长exploit one’s talent for singing

加速某人走红to hasten sb.’s popularity

某人青云直上sb.’s ride on the express elevator to the top

缺乏吸引力a lack of continuity in one’s appeal

稍加改动某事make minute changes to sth

失宠to lose sb.’s favor

污染心灵之井contaminate the well of one’s soul

最糟糕at one’s worst

冒名声之险替人说话risk one’s name in sb.’s defense

为某事感到高兴be happy with sth.

Creative Application of Typical Expressions

丢掉有固定收入的工作: to quit / give up / leave one’s day job

激励某人向前: to spur sb. on

沉浸在成功后的无上荣光中: to drown in fame’s imperial glory

忠于: to remain / be true to sth. (form / type / life / one’s word / oneself)

被开除／驱逐: to be expelled from

Creative Application of Typical Expressions

1.他答应使他们的生活衣食无忧，但没有做到。

--He promised to keep their life free from worry about clothing and food, but he has fallen down on the job.

2.解决他消极态度的最佳方案不是一味地指责，而是鼓励他更努力。

--The best solution to his passive attitude is not to find endless fault with him, but to spur him on to greater efforts.

3.由于深陷金融危机，国际市场近期不太可能复苏。

--Immersed in the financial crisis, the world market is less likely to come back to life in the near future.

• It is true about sth.

• to stay true to one’s p rinciples

• It is true of sth. that …

It is generally true of one’s life that one needs to do what lies clearly at hand instead of seeing what lies dimly at a distance.

4. 他们的性格如同水火，互不相容。

--As water and fire repel each other, so do their characters.

5. 搞科研的人如同正登山的运动员，到达一个顶峰后，发现还有更高的山峰要爬。

--Anyone who does science is like an alpinist climbing mountains who, when he gets to one top, will find a new peak for him to reach.

6. 若你对爱情生活感到厌烦，你的恋人就难以继续保持魅力，新的爱情火花也就难以迸发。

--When you become bored with your romantic life, your sweetheart begins to show a lack of continuity in his/her charm and it becomes difficult to burst forth new sparks of romance.

7. 失恋者寻求安慰时，要这样想：人生何处无芳草。

--The failed lovers can find comfort in thinking that there is nowhere in life barren of fragrant grass.

8. 懒汉寻求安慰时, 总会想“有福之人不用忙”，或“无福之人跑断肠”。

--Lazybones always find comfort in knowing that a lucky dog needs no haste, or in knowing that an unlucky dog runs heartbroken.

9. 不论你干副业能挣多少外快，丢掉固定工作是不明智的。

--No matter how much extra income you earn from your sideline, it is unwise of you to quit your day job.

10. 过去十年这个家庭所发生的变化验证了这一真理：穷则思变。

--What has become of the family in the past 10 years verifies the truth that poverty spurs one on to seek for change.

11. 对于渴求知识的人，沉浸在知识海洋中的诱惑是难以抵挡的。

--For those hungry for knowledge, the lure of drowning in the ocean of learning is hard to resist.

12. 依我看，她是这个角色的最佳人选，因为你很难找到更好的。

--From my angle of view, she is the best candidate for the role, since you’d be hard-pressed to find anyone better for it.

13. 任何风靡一时的东西都如同昙花一现，不久就会失去对大众的吸引力。

--Any flavor of the month, like a flash in the pan, will lose its appeal to the public before long.

14. 他们一见倾心。但他们为此付出的代价是失去了执著的求知欲。

--They fell in love at first sight. But they paid for it by losing their consistent hunger for knowledge.

15. 他说话算数，从未泄露这个秘密。

--He remained true to his word and never let the cat out of the bag.

16. 她被指控与上司有性关系，但结果证实这项指控是无中生有。

--She was accused of being intimate with her superior, which turned out to be out of thin air.

17. 他由于剽窃别人的研究成果而被驱除出学术界。

--He was expelled from the academic circle for stealing others’ findings of research.

18. 问题的关键，不是你想出了多少主意，而是你的哪个主意能使你走向成功。

--What matters is not how many ideas you have come upon, but which idea of yours will lead to your success.

新视野大学英语自主学习“三步曲”教案

Unit 2 Section A: Charlie Chaplin

V ocabulary & Useful expressions

I.Key words

1.stocking n. [C] (usu.pl.)a closed fitting garment for a woman's leg and foot which is usually made from a thin light material（常用复数）长（筒）袜

--silk stockings 真丝长筒袜

--pull off stockings 脱下长筒袜

--pull on stockings 穿上长筒袜

2.ankle n [C] the joint which connects the foot to the leg, or the thin part of the leg just above the foot 踝，踝关节

--twist one's ankle 扭伤脚踝

--an ankle sock 短袜

--He hurt his right ankle at broad jump. 他跳远时伤了右踝。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/c813439487.html,ic a. causing laughter; humorous喜剧的，滑稽的

--The speech is rich in comic sensitivity.这演讲很富有喜剧性。

--It is a book about novel writing, which handles its tricky subject with a light comic touch.

n.1) [C] a book or a magazine for children containing humorous stories连环漫画（册）--The children received a greeting card and a comic for Christmas.

孩子们圣诞节收到了一张贺卡和一本连环漫画册。

2)[C] a professional comedian喜剧演员

--If you're a comic and people recognize you, it means a lot of people are watching your show.

如果你是喜剧演员，人们又认可你，这意味着许多人看你的表演。

4.tramp n. [C] a person with no home, job or money who travels around and asks for money from other people 流浪者，乞丐

--He used to be a tramp when he was young.他年轻时曾当过乞丐。

v. walk esp. for a long distance, or with heavy steps

踏着沉重的步子行进，长途跋涉

--I've tramped the whole town looking for work. 我走遍全城寻找工作。

--He tramped angrily out of the house. 他气冲冲地重步走出屋子。

5.rag n.

1) ( usu. pl.) an old worn-out garment 破旧的衣服

--The poor child was dressed in rags. 那可怜的孩子衣衫褴褛。

2) [C, U] a torn piece of old cloth 破布，碎布

--I keep these rags for cleaning the car. 我把这些破布留着擦车用。

--I used a piece of rag to dust the wooden furniture.

我用一块抹布擦拭木制家具上的灰尘。

6. applause: n. [C] approval expressed esp. by clapping the hands 掌声，欢呼

--The audience broke into thunderous applause.

--a scientific discovery that won critical applause赢得评论界嘉许的一项科学发现

--His speech met with loud applause. 他的讲话赢得了热烈的掌声。

--His singing drew long applause. 他的演唱博得了长时间的掌声。

7. applaud: v.

1) show approval or enjoyment of…鼓掌欢迎，欢呼，鼓掌称颂

--applaud her decision to complete her degree 赞扬她完成学位的决心

--He started to applaud and the others joined.

--She was applauded as she came on stage.

2) express strong approval of

--I applaud her for having the courage to refuse.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/c813439487.html,edy n.

1)[C, U] a (type of) film, play or book which is intentionally amusing either in its --characters or its action 喜剧

--a light comedy 轻松喜剧

--A lot of Shakespeare's plays are comedies. 莎士比亚的许多戏剧是喜剧。

2)[U] the amusing part of a situation 喜剧性

--At last he saw the comedy of the situation and laughed.

他终于明白那个场面的滑稽之处，于是笑了起来。

9.scout n.

1)[C] a person employed to look for people with particular skills, esp. in sport or entertainment 被雇用来物色（运动员、演员等）人才的人员；猎头，星探--It was during the singing performance that he was sported by a talent scout and signed up by Warner Brothers.

--He was spotted by a scout at the age of 13. 他在13岁那年就被猎头给盯上了。

2) [C] a person, esp. a soldier, sent out to get information about where the enemy are and what they are doing 侦察员

--The scout reported that there was trouble on the road ahead.

侦察员报告说前面路上有麻烦。

--He sent four scouts ahead to take a look at the bridge.

他派了四名侦察员到前面去察看那座大桥的情况。

10. crude: a

1) lacking grace, education, or sensitive feeling ;rude and offensive 粗鲁的

--a crude remark 粗鲁的话

--a crude joke 粗俗的笑话

--Many of his jokes were crude and sexist.

2) in the natural state; not refined 天然的，未加工的

--crude oil 原油

--crude rubber 天然橡胶

--crude oil supplies

3)simple and not skillfully done or made 粗制的，粗陋的

crude sketch 粗略的草图

crude furniture 粗制家具

11.clap v.

1)applaud 鼓掌

--The audience clapped and cheered when she stood up to speak.

当她站起来讲话时，观众鼓掌欢呼。

--clap hands in time to the music 听音乐时适时地鼓掌

--The audience clapped his performance enthusiastically. 观众对他的表演热烈鼓掌。

2)make a short loud noise by hitting one's hands together 拍手

--The audience clapped in time to the music. 观众和着乐曲的节奏拍手。

--The nursery teacher clapped her hands to attract the children's attention.

幼儿园的教师拍拍手, 要孩子们注意。

12. revolt: v.

1) refuse to be controlled or ruled; take (often violent) action against authority 反叛，造反

--The people revolted against the military government. 人民反抗军政府。

--The people in the north have revolted against the foreign rule and established their own government.

北方的人们为反对外国统治而造反，并建立了自己的政府。

--The people revolted against their oppressors.

--revolting against high taxes 反对高税收

2) reject the authority of a person or reject sth.;make sb. feel unpleasantly shocked or disgusted

--We were revolted by the dirt and mess in her house.

n.[C, U] the action or state of protesting against or resisting authority 反叛，造反

--Troops were called in to put down the revolt. 部队被招来镇压叛乱。

--The army is in revolt. 军队正在叛乱。

--The army has put down the revolt.

--armed revolts 武装起义[叛乱]

13.heel

1.[C ] the raised part of a shoe underneath the back of the foot（鞋、袜等的）后跟

--Shoes with high heels are no longer in fashion. 现在不再流行高跟鞋了。

2. [C] the rounded back part of the foot脚后跟

--She had developed a blister on one heel. 她一只脚的后跟磨起了一个水泡。

14.beggar n.

[C] a person who lives by begging乞丐

I gave him money, full of pride that I was richer than at least one English person, even if he was a beggar.

我给了他钱，感到很自豪：我至少比一个英国人有钱，即使他是一个乞丐。

The elderly woman must have thought I was a beggar, because she refused to let me speak to the young ladies.

这位上了年纪的妇女肯定认为我是叫花子，因为她不让我跟那些年轻的小姐说话。

15.moustache n.

[C] hair growing on the upper lip髭，八字须

--His grey hair and moustache were neatly trimmed.

他灰白的头发和八字须修剪得很整洁。

16.pant n.

1)(AmE) (pl.)trousers 裤子，长裤

--This sport jacket will match those pants nicely.

这件运动衫和那条长裤恰好相配。

--Her legs were cold, so she put on a pair of pants.

她感到腿冷，就加上了一条裤子。

2) (pl.) a short piece of underwear worn below the waist 男用短衬裤

a pair of pants 一条短衬裤

--The boy was so scared that he wet his pants. 这男孩吓得尿湿了衬裤。

17.coarse a.

1) rude and offensive, esp. about sex粗俗的，粗鲁的;

--a coarse joke 粗俗的笑话

--He was a coarse man whose manner made him unpopular with some people.

他举止粗鲁，因而不受一些人的欢迎。

-- coarse manners/ coarse language/ coarse speech

--coarse manners 粗俗的习惯

2) rough and not smooth or soft 粗糙的

--coarse cloth 粗布

--coarse imitation 粗糙的仿制品

--The sand was so coarse that it was quite painful to walk on.

沙子非常粗糙，走在上面很

--a jacket made of very coarse cloth

--coarse sand 粗糙的沙子

18 behave v.

1)act in a particular way, or be good by acting in a way which has society's approval 举动，表现，循规蹈矩

--behave well / badly 表现良好/ 糟糕

--Y ou must behave (yourself) at the party! 在晚会上你得规规矩矩的。

--The child behaved badly at the party. 那孩子在聚会上的表现很差。

2)(of a machine or natural phenomenon) work or function in a special way （机器等）运转，（事物）作出反应

--How does your new car behave? 你的新车性能怎么样？

--Under certain conditions, electrons can behave like waves rather than particles.

在一定的条件下，电子会像波，而不是像粒子那样运动。

--She always behaves well/badly when her aunts come to vist.

--My car has been behaving well since it was repaired.

--This fabric behaves well even in hot weather. 即使在热天，这种织物也不会变质。

相关词语

behavio(u)r n. 行为，举止；（机器的）运转情况

behavioral adj. 行为的

19.nationality n.

1)[C, U] membership of a particular nation 国籍

--Fill in your name, address and nationality on the form.

在表上填写你的姓名、地址和国籍。

--He's applied for Chinese nationality. 他已申请了中国国籍。

--What nationality are you?

--She lives in France but has British nationality.

2)[C] a national group forming part of a political nation 种族，民族

There are many minority nationalities in China. 中国有很多少数民族。

20.postpone v.delay (an event), esp. arranging for it to take place at a later date or time 延

迟，延缓

--They decided to postpone their holiday until autumn.

他们决定将假期推迟到秋天。

--We've had to postpone going to France because Tom's got an interview for a job that week.

我们已不得不延期去法国，因为汤姆那周有个求职面试。

--The trial has been postponed indefinitely.

--The trip to the museum has been postponed until Thursday 11th March.

--We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th.

我们把比赛从3月5日推迟到3月19日举行。

--Would it be possible to postpone the party? 要推迟这次聚会还有可能吗？

21. doubtful: a.

1)not likely or probable 不大可能的

--It is doubtful whether / if they ever reached the summit before they died.

他们不大可能在去世前登上山顶。

--It was doubtful that the money would ever be found again.

钱是否能失而复得，实在令人怀疑。

--doubtful prospects令人可疑的前景

--Doubtful that the cord would hold, we strengthened it.

绳索恐怕不能支撑，让我们使它坚固一点。

2) feeling doubt; not sure 疑惑的，不确定的

--She looked rather doubtful. 她看上去很疑惑。

--Rose was doubtful about the whole idea.

--He was doubtful about accepting extra work.

--I feel doubtful about going / whether to go or not. 去还是不去我拿不定主意。

doubtful if/that/whether-clause: unlikely; not probable

--With her injuries it’s doubtful that she’ll ever walk again.

Compare: Don’t doubt that-clause; doubt if/whether-clause

--I don’t doubt that he will come.

--I have no doubt that he is honest.

--I doubt if that was what he wanted.

--I have my doubts whether he is honest.

22.immense a. extremely large in size or degree 巨大的，无限的

--an immense amount of time 大量的时间

--immense importance 非常重要

--The square is dominated by an immense statue of the President.

一尊总统的巨大塑像高耸在广场上。

--There is still an immense amount of work to be done.

--He made an immense amount of money in business. 他在生意中赚了一大笔钱。

immensely: adv. to a very great extent; extremely; very much非常，很

--We enjoyed ourselves immensely.

--Surfing can be immensely exciting.

--I am immensely pleased to have this job. 我非常高兴能有这个工作。

--immensely popular / rich / successful 非常流行/富裕/成功