2019年高考英语二轮专题复习第一部分语法题型突破篇专题一语法填空题型二自由填空高考命题5冠词介词代词精
冠词、介词、代词
A
(2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened __ 1in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __hree years to complete __ work.It took t 2(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____ (lay) the 3__，d and was built using an interesting method.This included digging up the roa the road ，e __ top.When all those had been don 4track and then building a strong roof over __surface was replaced.
__ (fair) unpleasant 6pull the carriages and it must have been __ __ (use) to 5Steam engines __for the passengers ，with all the smoke and noise.However ，the railway quickly proved to be a __ every day.7more than 25,000 people were using __，s great success and within six month ，)道隧(__ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 8eers __engin ，r Late __ (introduce) 9which became known as the Tube.This development was only possible with the ____ 10of electric-powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of the most __(success) of these new lines ，and was opened in 1900.It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages ，and proved extremely popular with the public.
答案：【语篇解读】'本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一条地铁——伦敦地铁的起源以及它逐步成为大众所喜爱的交通方式的发展历程。
1．crowds 解析：考查名词。avoid “避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible
修饰，故排除动名词形式；crowd 作“人群”讲时，为可数名词，且前面无冠词限制，故需用复数形式，在词尾直接加-s 即可。
2．from 解析：考查介词。由语境可知此处指“上下班”，travel to and from work 为固定表达。
3．laying 解析：考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging 和下文的and then building 可知，此处用动名词作included 的宾语。
4．the 解析：考查冠词。此处是说地铁开挖、铺轨完成后，要进行最后的筑顶。此处表示特指，因此应用定冠词the 。
5．were used 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知主语Steam engines 和use 之间为被动关系，且由上文可知叙述的是过去发生的事，故需用一般过去时的被动语态；又因主语是名词的复数形式，故be 动词需用were 。
6．fairly 解析：考查副词。句意：伦敦地铁开通之初因使用蒸汽机而使乘客饱受烟尘和噪声污染之苦。修饰形容词unpleasant 需用副词形式，故填fairly 。
7．it 解析：考查代词。句意：伦敦地铁开通不久就广受欢迎，六个月之内，超过25 000人次乘地铁出行。此处指代上文中提到的the railway ，需用代词it 。
8．managed 解析：考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故答案为动词的过去式。manage to do sth.用于表示“成功地做了某事”。
9．introduction 解析：考查名词。句意：地铁的发展得益于电力机和电梯的应用。由空前的定冠词可知，此处需用名词形式，动词introduce 去“e ”加后缀-tio n 构成名词形式。
10．successful 解析：考查形容词。此处为“one of the ＋形容词最高级”结构。
B
(2018·安徽合肥二次质检)Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of Study, first came __(exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang dynasty. The traditional skill of making the 1into __process takes as many as 100 __ hand has been passed down through generations. The 2paper ____ require a level of delicacy.3steps, all of __ Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong for example. He uses a fine screen to filter(过滤) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and it's a sheet of paper. It takes him and his __(they) to perfecting 5__(form) and shape it, but they've devoted __4partner only 15 seconds __the skills for decades.
__(difficult) part 6There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is __“of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin for error is
said Zhou. With just the right degree of thickness, top quality Xuan ”，l __(extreme) smal 7__paper holds ink and water tightly.
__(recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be 8The skill of papermaking, ____ great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible 9an international one. We felt __culture heritage(非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, in Jingxian County, Xuan __(teach) in schools.10papermaking __
答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国“文房四宝”之一的宣纸。
1．existence 解析：句意：宣纸，为“文房四宝”之一，最先出现于唐代宣州。come into existence 为固定短语，意为“出现”。
2．by 解析：句意：这种纸的传统手工制造技术已被一代一代传下来。by hand 为固定短语，意为“手工地”。
'3'all of “。老练的水平个步骤，所有的步骤都需要010达句意：整个过程需多解析：which ．3require a level of delicacy ”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为steps ，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词作介词of 的宾语，故填which 。
4．to form 解析：句意：他和他的同伴只需花15秒钟就可以制作和塑造一张纸……It takes sb.＋一段时间＋to do sth.为固定句式，故填to form 。
5．themselves 解析：设空处作宾语且与主语they 为同指关系，故用they 的反身代词themselves 作宾语。
6．the most difficult 解析：句意：过滤纤维有很多窍门，其中时机的掌握技巧是最困难的。根据本句中的of all 可推知设空处需用形容词最高级形式，故填the most difficult 。
7．extremely解析：句意：……其误差极其小。设空处作状语，故填副词形式extremely。8．recognized解析：句意：造纸术被认为是国家级瑰宝，也被证明是世界级瑰宝。主语The skill
of papermaking与recognize为逻辑上的被动关系且设空处表示完成，故填过去分词形式recognized。9．a解析：句意：我们有强烈的自豪感，因为它在2009年被联合国教科文组织列为世界非物质文化
遗产。a sense of为固定短语，意为“……感”。
10．has been taught解析：句意：自从那时在泾县的学校一直开设宣纸制造的课程。根据时间状语Since then可推知设空处用现在完成时；主语Xuan papermaking与teach为被动关系，故设空处需用被动语态。综上所述设空处填has been taught。
C
(2018·湖北八校二次联考)I won't call myself the most accomplished person when it comes to
__
__(hold) chopsticks. In fact, I'm pretty sure that my technique looks clumsy at times. I 1
2
tend to hold __
__(I) in the middle, more beginner than expert.
Still, since I eat almost every meal with the eating utensil(器皿) of choice in China, it's
not uncommon for a new friend or acquaintance to come to a simple __
3
__(conclude) after observing me that my Chinese husband, Jun, must __
__(show) me how to use them.
4
They are wrong. I've used chopsticks ever since I was a teenager, a time when my sister
__ many new dishes, along and mother were both fond of Chinese cuisine and introduced me __
5
with the __
__(prefer)utensils in China. We always kept bamboo chopsticks along with our
6
__
7
r whenever we happened to have Chinese food for dinner.
__(knife), forks and spoons, ready fo
8
It was my closest family __
__observed my first mistakes I made in using chopsticks.
Plus, I lived over two years in China before Jun and I started dating and I was expected
__
9
lmost every restaurant, stand and bar. Trust me, when you're hungry __(use) chopsticks in a
下
you figure out pretty fast what it takes to down
(
咽
__ meal with these utensils.
10
)__
答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己如何学习使用筷子用餐的经历。
1．holding解析：句意：在拿筷子方面我不能自称为最熟练的人。when it comes to...意为“就……
而论”。其中的to为介词，后面可加名词或动名词，故设空处填holding。
2．mine解析：句意：我用筷子往往捏着中间，与其说是专家不如说是新手。考查代词(名词性物主代
词)的用法。根据上下文可知，这里是指“握住我的筷子”。
3．conclusion解析：句意：……因此我的新朋友或者泛泛之交看到我这样做之后常常会草率地得出
这样的结论，即我的丈夫Jun，作为中国人，一定教过我如何使用筷子。come to a conclusion为固定词组，意为“得出结论”。
4．have shown解析：考查情态动词must表推测的用法。这里表示对过去行为的推测，故填have shown。5．to解析：句意：我自从十几岁起就已使用筷子，当时我姐姐和我妈妈都喜欢中国菜，她们让我初
次尝试了许多新菜品和中国人更喜欢用的餐具。introduce sb.to sth.为固定短语，意为“使某人初次尝试某事/物”。
6．preferred 解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词utensils 与prefer 为逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词preferred 作定语。
7．knives 解析：根据句子主语we 及与设空处并列的forks and spoons 可推知设空处填名词复数knives 。
8．who/that 解析：句意：是我最亲的家人看到了我使用筷子时最初所犯的错误。本题考查强调句型。被强调部分是人，故设空处填who 或that 。
9．to use 解析：句意：而且，在我和Jun 开始约会前我已在中国生活了两年多，几乎在每一家餐馆、摊位和酒吧人们都要我使用筷子。expect sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，将该结构改为被动语态：sb. be expected to do sth.。由此可见设空处填to use 。
10．a 解析：句意：相信我，当你饥肠辘辘时，你会很快弄明白吃一顿饭要用哪件餐具。设空处后的meal 为可数名词，在本句中表泛指，故填a 。
D
(2018·湖南三湘名校教育联盟三次联考)The hutong is a kind of ancient typical city street
__(surround) the Forbidden City, many were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing 1in Beijing.__strongest power for emperors, the royal family planned __(dynasty). In order to establish the 2____ center of Beijing, 3__—y ). The Forbidden Cit 区住宅(the city and arranged the residential areas was the royal palace.
om abroad, __(close) China came under the influence fr 4At the end of the Qing dynasty, after __) arrangement.
的灵巧(__(they) former neat 5lost __ hutongs many old After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the conditions of hutongs __ and 7have been pulled __ hutongs __ (improve). But in recent years, the houses in many 6__then replaced by modern buildings. And the hutong today is fading into the shade for both tourists __ local people.8__ __(three) of the 9still occupy one __ hutongs However, in the urban district of Beijing, __(survive) these 10__ hutongs ion, so many total area, providing housing for half the populat years. In this respect, we see Beijing as an ancient yet modern city.
答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京胡同的历史和变迁。
1．Surrounding 解析：句意：许多胡同环绕紫禁城，它们是在元、明、清三个朝代所建。主语many
与surround 为逻辑上的主动关系，且设空处与were built 为伴随关系，故用现在分词surrounding 作状语。
2．dynasties 解析：考查名词的“数”。根据前面的“Yuan ，Ming and Qing ”可推知设空处填名词复数形式dynasties 。
3．the 解析：句意：紫禁城——北京的中心，是皇宫。设空处后的名词center 在本句中表示特指，故填定冠词the 。
4．closed 解析：句意：在清朝末期，当封闭的中国受到国外的影响之后，许多老的胡同失去了它们
以前的灵巧格局。设空处作定语，修饰China，故填形容词closed。
5．their解析：设空处作定语，需用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
6．were improved解析：句意：在1949年中华人民共和国建立后，胡同的条件得以改善。设空处为
谓语，故可判断本题考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949”可知设空处需用一般过去时；主语the conditions of hutongs与improve为被动关系，故设空处需用被动语态。综上所述设空处填were improved。
7．down解析：句意：但近年来，许多胡同里的房子被拆毁，然后取而代之的是现代化的大楼。pull down意为“拆毁，摧毁”。
8．and解析：句意：对于游客和当地人来说，当今的胡同正渐渐消失。both... and...为固定搭配，
意为“……和……两个都”。故填and。
9．third解析：句意：然而在北京市区，胡同仍然占总面积的三分之一，为一半的人口提供住房，因
此这些年来许多胡同留存了下来。本题考查分数表达法(分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用序数词的复数形式)。本句中分子是one，故分母用third。
10．have survived解析：根据时间状语these years及上下文可推知设空处需用现在完成时，故填have survived。
高考英语语法专题复习--代词
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
高考英语语法复习专题
高考英语语法复习专题（2）名词性从句(附参考答案) 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 （1）that的用法。 ①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如： That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day. ②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. ④that和what的区别。 that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+ 关系代词即常说的先行词+ that。如： It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says. ⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如： They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 选择填空 1._____________ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 2. They have no idea at all ____________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place he has gone D. where he has gone 3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 5. _____________ you like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 6. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 7. —Do you remember ____________ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 9. ____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 10. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
2019年高考英语语法填空专题复习(含答案)
2019年高考英语语法填空实战模拟 (名师精剖析解题技巧与方法+实战练习，值得下载练习) 篇一:语法填空答题技巧 {} 语法填空解题流程 {} 语法填空答题技巧 形式一有提示词类 (一)提供动词类 当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或 词类转化。其解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]But for tourists like me，pandas are its top __61__(attract)．[典例1][2016· [剖析]考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词 top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。 [典例2][2016· 全国Ⅰ]My ambassadorial duties will include __67__(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。 全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ [典例3][2016· (be) often acceptable. [剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。 (二)词性转换类 词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名 词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其 解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a ceremony [典例1][2016· in London. [剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。 全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a [典例2][2016· real sense of __62__ (achieve)． [剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。 特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。 [典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! [剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。 2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。 [典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river. [剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处 应用复数形式changes。 3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相 反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案
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高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
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教育最新2018-2019年高考英语语法专题复习——时态Word版
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江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
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高考英语语法专题复习——时态
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2019届高三英语专项训练--语法填空原创题含答案
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