新编大学英语第三册课文原文及翻译

新编大学英语3原文

篇一：新编大学英语3课后练习答案与课文完整版(包括预习课后阅读)

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Book 3课后练习参考答案：

Unit 1

Part one

preparation

1.

1）Gentle2）Dedicated3）Considerate4）Adventurous5）Calm6）Aggressive

7）Critical8）Energetic9）Selfish10）Ambition11）Self-confident12）Easygoing

13）Truthful14）Outgoing15）Frank16）Sensitive17）Bossy18）Patient

19）Talkative20）Persuasive21）Sympathetic22）Emotional

2.

Jobs Personality

salesperson undependable、shrewd、tricky、boastful

teacher knowledge、talkative、patient、energetic、unselfish、tolerant

doctor calm、skillful、sympathetic、careful、unselfish

police office brave、calm、alert、careful

account cautious、careful、efficient、truthful

lawyer knowledge、persuasive、talkative、expressive、intelligent

tourist guide energetic、good-tempered、talkative

host or hostess of a show quick-minded、humorous、knowledge、expressive、emotional reporter adventurous、brave、curious、efficient

secretary considerate、careful、efficient、easygoing

spokesperson diplomatic、intelligent、eloquent

III. Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. Understanding the Organization of the Text

1) Introduction: (Para.1)

Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.

2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect: (Para.2&3)

People’s self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.

People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.

People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.

3) Ways of overcoming shyness: (Para.4-15)

i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses.

ii) Set reasonable goals.

iii) Don’t waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame.

iv) Don’t be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.

v) Do not make negative comments about yourself.

vi) Accept criticism thoughtfully.

vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences.viii) Do not associate with people who make you feel inadequate.

ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly.

x) Practice being in social situations.

4) Conclusion: (Para.16)

The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential.

2. Understanding Specific Information

1) F2) F3) T4) T5) T6) F7) T8) F9) F10) T

3. Group Discussion

1) I think the most effective ways of overcoming shyness are the first and seventh ways. Recognizing our personal strengths and weaknesses is useful because if we know ourselves better, we can feel more self-confident. We can be more objective, instead of being blind. The seventh way is to profit from failures and disappointments as learning experiences. If we allow ourselves to get discouraged and sad when we fail, then we will feel more unsure of ourselves. But if we think of a failure as a learning experience, we are adopting a positive attitude. By analyzing objectively why we failed and planning how to set about doing things differently we will be more likely to succeed next time.

2) Modesty is used to describe a reserved appraisal of one’s merits, abilities or success, e.g. she is very modest about her accomplishments. Shyness is used to describe the uncomfortable feeling one has in the company of others. It often implies a lack of self-confidence and a timid, reserved manner. Modesty is a good personality trait while shyness in many cases is undesirable.

3) Yes, it is appropriate and normal to be shy in some circumstances: in the presence of teachers, your boss, your parents’ friends or your prospective in-laws; when you are dating someone, especially the first time; when you are with strangers; when you are in a new environment; when you’re facing a large audience.

Vocabulary

1. Self- is a prefix which means ―of, to or by oneself or itself.‖

Words with the prefix self- that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive, self-awareness, self-accept

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ance, self-rejection, self-confident

1) self-conscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you)

2) self-confidence (belief in one’s own ability, power, judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)

3) self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or

4) self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to one’s own best interests)

5) self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements)

6) self-concept (one’s conception or general idea of one’s own basic character and nature)

7) self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself)

8) self-assurance/self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily)

2. Part A

1) B2) I3) L 4) A5) H6) D7) E8) N9) J10) M

11) C12) F13) G14) K

Part B

1) profound2) jealousy 3) numerous 4) overweight5) overcome6) eventually

7) slim 8) compliments 9) diminish10) reassurance 11) detrimental12) isolated

13) self-esteem14) accented

3. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect 4) viewed/regarded 5) sensitive

6) respond/react 7) eliminated 8) overcome my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no comment

Translation

1.You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.

2. In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before.

3. When the right opportunity comes along, he’ll take it.

4. Every day he sets some time aside to be with his family and enjoy life.

5. I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father.

6. He finally failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.

7. In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.

8. He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatal weakness.

Part Three

FURTHER Development

1. 1）BBABC6）CBCAA11）CB

Part FourWriting and Translation (P46)

2. Translation Practice

1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure.

2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful.

3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience.

4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties.

5) Don’t let negative thoughts hold you back.

6) Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so don’t blame yourself too much

Part one

preparation

4.matching pictures

1）Aphrodite2）Ares3）Hephaestus4）Artemis5）Demeter6）Dionysus7）Poseidon

8）Athena9）Apollo10）Hermes11）Hera12）Zeus

Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. 1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.

2) He saw the birds were busy preparing.

3) He planned to go to the feast/sky with the birds.

4) They didn’t agree because Tortoise was mischievous/cunning and ungrateful.

5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man.

6) He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird.

7) All of you.

8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc.

9) For whom have you prepared this feast?

10) Because he knew the answer would be ―For all of you‖, which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first.

11) They were very angry.

12) They took back the feathers they had lent him.

13) He asked them to take a message to his wife.

14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.

15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house to cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp, not the soft, things instead.

16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.

2. Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, there was a famine, and the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather.

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Tortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have all the food by naming himself ―All of you.‖ When they reached the sky, they received a warm welcome and soon the food was presen ted to them. Then he asked one of the people in the sky: ―For whom have you prepared all this feast?‖ The man replied: ―For all of you.‖ So he ate almost all the best food. The birds became very angry and took back their feathers before flying home. Without feathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces.

3. Acting out the Story

Sample

Bird A: How exciting! All of us are invited to the feast in the sky.

Bird B: I just can’t wait. What do you think I should wear?

Tortoise: Hello. Good morning. What are you excited about?

Bird A: Didn’t you know that we are going to the sky?

Bird B: And we are going to have a big dinner. What fun!

Tortoise: How nice it is. What lucky guys. May I go with you? I’m sure we’ll have a lot of fun. Bird A: Yes, we’ll have great fun, but not you. We know you too well. You are full of cunning and you are ungrateful.

Bird B: If we allow you to come with us, you will soon begin your mischief.

Bird A: We know you of old.

Tortoise: You don’t know me now. I’m a changed man. I am not the mischievous man you once knew. In fact, I am thoughtful and well-meaning. I have learned that a man who makes trouble for others is also making trouble for himself. Rest assured, I promise you I will not cause you any trouble.

Bird A: (Talking to Bird B) Maybe he is a changed man now. Let’s talk to our bird friends and see if we will take him with us.

(After a brief discussion with all the other birds)

Bird B: Ok. Tortoise, now we all agreed to take you to the sky. Each of us will lend you a feather so that you can have two wings to fly.

(During the flight to the party)

Bird A: Tortoise is a great orator!

Bird B: Let’s make him the spokesperson for the party.

Tortoise: Did you know that we need a new name when we are invited to a great feast like this? It is an age-old custom and our hosts in the sky will expect us to honor it.

Bird A: We haven’t heard of this before. But as you are such a learned man, if you say this, we will choose a new name for ourselves. I will call myself Good-Looking.

Bird B: I am Smart-Ass.

Tortoise: And my new name is All of You.

(On their arrival at the sky)

Sky people: Welcome to the sky, our dear bird friends. We are so pleased to see you again. Please make yourselves at home.

Tortoise: My dear respected friends, thank you so much for inviting us to the sky. Nothing can make us happier than this. It is our greatest honor to be here and have a good time with you. Sky people: Thank you for your nice words. Now please help yourselves to the nuts.

Bird A: Tortoise is really eloquent, isn’t he? I’m glad we decided to bring him with us. Bird B: Yes. And these are delicious nuts.

Sky people: Now the dinner is ready. Please enjoy the soup, meat, fish and pounded yam. Here is palm wine, too.

Tortoise: Just a moment. Let me ask you first. For whom have you prepared this feast? Sky

people: For whom? Why? For all of you, of course.

Tortoise (To the birds): You remember that my name is All of You. The custom here is to serve the spokesman first and the others later. They will serve you when I finish.

Sky people (To themselves): Looks like it is their custom to leave all the food to their king first. Tortoise: Mm. Yummy. Mm. I’m full now. You can start to eat.

Bird A: We should never bring him here. I am too angry to eat. I’m going home.

Bird B: Wait. I am leaving, too. Take the feather with us.

Tortoise: What are you doing? Leave me the feather. Oh, how am I going home without a single feather? You can’t do this to me?

Birds: Bye.

Tortoise: Could someone take a message for my wife? Tell her to bring out everything soft and cover the ground. …

4. Taking Sides

篇二：新编大学英语第三册课文翻译

Unit 1羞怯的痛苦

对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。

很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。

相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。

能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时，我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞，这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感：

认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同，羞怯感就会

自然减弱。

确定合理的目标。例如，在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起，你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力，仅和一两个人交谈，你会感到更自在些。

内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情，（光）感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反，应该承认你犯了个错误，并决心在将来更加善解人意。

所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。

不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的，或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。

接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如，如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术，要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心，你们还是好朋友，但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。

记住，每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历，从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机，随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如，你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而，在你就读的大学里，你可能发现这里教育的某一特点比你料想的好得多。

有些人会使你感到自己无能，不要和这种人交往。去设法改变他们对你的态度或者改变你对自己的态度，要不就脱离这种关系。伤害你的人并不关心你的最大利益。

留出时间休息，享受自己的业余爱好，并且定期地重新审定自己的目标。为此所花费的

时间有助于更好地了解你自己。

多在社交场合中锻炼。不要把自己同他人隔离开来。设法一次结识一位朋友；最终你将能够娴熟而自信地在众人中周旋。

我们每个人都是独一无二、难能可贵的个体。我们自有吸引人的地方。我们对自己了解得越多，就越容易充分发挥自己的潜力。不要让羞怯成为阻碍我们拥有丰富和成功生活的绊脚石。

Unit2粗糙的乌龟壳

妻子们和她们的孩子在远处的房子里讲民间故事的时候，她们的低声细语，虽然时不时地为歌声所打断，还是传到了丈夫奥康瓦的耳中。爱克蔚菲和她的女儿，爱金玛，正坐在地板的垫子上。现在，轮到爱克蔚菲讲故事了。突然，窃窃私语的声音停止了，屋里所有人的目光都转向了他们最喜欢和最擅长讲故事的人。

“很久很久以前，”她开始讲到，“所有的鸟儿都被邀请去天上参加一个宴会。他们都非常高兴，开始为这难得的日子做准备。他们把自己涂成深红色，用颜料在身上画出漂亮的图案。”

“陆龟见到了这些准备活动。不久，他就发现了这所有的一切意味着什么。任何发生在动物界里的风吹草动都难逃他的法眼；而且此公机智狡猾。一听说天上将举行盛大的宴会，他的喉咙就开始隐隐作痛。当时正在闹饥荒，陆龟已经有两个月没吃到过一顿好饭了。他的身子就像一个干柴棍一样，在空壳里发出连续短促的咕噜声。他开始稳扎稳打地计划怎样上天去了。”

“可是他没有翅膀呀。”爱金玛提到。

“耐心点，”妈妈回答到，“故事就在这儿。陆龟没有翅膀，但是他去找鸟类，恳请能被允许跟他们一块儿去。”

“?我们太了解你了，?听到他的请求后众鸟儿说。?你不但狡猾无比，而且还忘恩负义。如果允许你跟我们一块儿去，你不久就会故伎重演。我们早就知道你会这一套。”

“?你们还是不了解我，?陆龟说。?我已经改过自新了。我已不再是你们过去所知的那个热衷于调皮捣蛋的人了。相反，我现在遇事沉着，还充满善意。我已认识到：如果一个人与他人为难，就是跟自己过不去。请放心，我发誓我不会再给你们制造任何麻烦了。”

“陆龟巧舌如簧，不一会儿，所有的鸟儿一致认为他已洗心革面了；而且，每个鸟儿都给他一根羽毛，这样他就拥有一对绚丽多彩的翅膀了。”

“向往已久的日子终于来临，陆龟第一个到达聚集地。所有的鸟儿都到齐后，他们就出发前往了。飞在鸟儿中间，陆龟非常高兴；因为是一个很了不起的演说家，他不久就被公推为他们一行的代言人。”

“?有一件重要的事我们不应忘记，?陆龟在飞行途中说。?被邀请参加一个如此盛大的宴会的人们都会为这样的场合起个新的名字。我们天上的主人也将期待着我们能遵守这个老风俗。?”

“虽然鸟儿中谁也没听说过这种风俗，但是他们知道，除了在其他方面的缺点，陆龟是还是一个行走江湖、见识极广的人；他了解不同民族的风俗，因此，他们都分别起了一个新的名字。鸟儿们都有了新的名字后，陆龟也起了一个；他被称作?你们大家?。”

“最后，他们到达了目的地；天上的主人也为他们的光临倍感荣幸。陆龟一身盛装地站着，并对他们的邀请表达了谢意。他的言谈举止如此得体，众鸟儿都为把他带来了而感到由衷的高兴，并点头以示他所言不谬。他们的主人也就顺理成章地把他当作众鸟之主，尤其是，他看起来是那样的与众不同。”

“在各种精挑细捡的果品呈上来又被吃掉之后，天上的招待就把最美味的饭菜放在了他们的客人面前，而这些都是陆龟曾经见过或者梦寐以求的。刚从火上煮过的、热气腾腾的、布满了鱼和肉的汤也被原封不动地端了上来。陆龟开始用力地去嗅。随着摆上来的还有捣碎的山药和伴着棕榈油和鲜鱼肉的山药汤，成壶的棕榈酒。一切准备就绪之后，其中的一位招待走上前去，并逐个品尝了一番。接着他就邀请众鸟儿用餐。但是，此时的陆龟却一跃而起，问道：?这盛宴是为谁准备的？?”

“于是，陆龟就转向众鸟儿，说道：?你们都记得，我的名字是?你们大家?。而这里的风俗就是先招呼发言人，然后再招呼其他人等。等我用完餐，他们就会招待你们了。?”

“他开始用餐，而此时愤怒的众鸟儿中间却怨成了一片。天上的招待心想，让首领先吃一定是鸟类的风俗。因此陆龟就吃了饭菜中最好的部分，接着又喝了两壶棕榈酒；他海吃海喝，把乌龟壳都填满了。”

“众鸟儿聚拢来去吃剩下的饭菜，去啄陆龟扔在地上的骨头。其中一些鸟儿因气愤异常而不能食，只好空腹而归。但是，在他们离开之前，每个鸟儿都取回了他们曾经借给陆龟的羽毛。结果陆龟原形毕露，坚硬的龟壳里尽是酒菜；因为没了翅膀，也就无法飞回。他就请求鸟儿们给自己的妻子捎信，但是却被拒绝了。最后，鹦鹉，鸟类中最感气愤的一个，突然改变了主意，同意捎信。”

?请告诉我妻子，?陆龟说道。?拿出我家里所有柔软的东西铺到地上，这样我就能够从天上跳下而不致受到伤害。?”

“鹦鹉信誓旦旦，接着就对他微笑着飞走了。然而，鹦鹉到了陆龟的家后，却告诉他的妻子取出家里所有坚硬、锋利的东西。因此，陆龟的妻子就恭顺地拿出了丈夫的锄头、刀子、矛头、手枪、甚至他的大炮。陆龟从天上向下张望，看到他妻子把东西拿了出来；但是，却因太远而看不清它们的样子。等一切似乎都已准备就绪之后，他就跳了下去。他一直降啊、降啊降，直到开始恐惧自己将会如此降个不停。后来，就像他的大炮发出的声音一样，他便轰的一声栽到了地上。”“他死了吗？”爱金玛问道。

“没有，”爱克蔚菲回答道。“只是他的壳却碎成了几百片。但是，邻近有一位医术高明的人。陆龟的妻子就把他请来。他把所有的碎片收集在一块，然后粘在一起。这就是为什么陆龟的壳是粗糙的原因了。”（

Unit3钥匙儿童

——“铛铛?”，有人在家吗？

在美国的生活费用一直在稳步上升，在过去的几十年里。食品价格上涨，衣着费用，住房费用，学费不断越来越高。部分原因是财政的需要，部分原因是个人职业选择完成，母亲已经离开的传统作用全职家庭主妇。越来越多，他们已采取工薪家庭以外的就业机会。

制作这样一个重要的角色变化影响到整个家庭，尤其是儿童。一些后果是显而易见的。例如，晚餐是在稍后小时。情绪的影响，另一方面，可以更加微妙。母亲离家上午，感觉有罪，因为他们不会主页返回时，他们的孩子上学。他们压制他们有罪，因为他们相信，他们的工作将会造福于每个人的长期利益。收入将使家庭节省的大学学费，采取了延长假期，买一辆新车，等等。

情绪影响的儿童可能会很大。这是很常见的儿童感到伤害和怨恨。毕竟，他们仅仅几个小时，他们觉得，他们的母亲“应该有”他们。他们可能需要协助他们的家庭作业或想分享当天的活动。常常，然而，到达家庭的母亲用尽，面对眼前的任务的准备晚餐。其重点是使晚餐的家庭，而不是从事轻松的交谈。

钥匙儿童的年龄范围从6个增加到13个。每天都在他们返回学校和解锁门家园的关键挂在脖子。他们现在对自己的，独立，在安静的，空的房间。对于一些青少年，这是一个生产期间的私人时间，而另一些人是可怕的，寂寞是无效的。基于安全的理由，许多家长禁止孩子出去玩，或有旅客在家里。青少年，因此，感到孤单。

钥匙儿童谁采访报道不同的反应。一些钥匙儿童说，正在自己的几个小时，每天培养，或刺激，意识的独立性和责任。他们认为爱和信任，这种感觉鼓励他们自信。钥匙女孩，通过观察他们的母亲应付需求的家庭和工作，学习的榜样，一个工作的母亲。有的孩子说，他们利用他们的空闲时间无人监管，完善他们的运动技能，如打篮球。其他看书或练乐器。这些孩子看待他们的自由时间放学后的个人发展机会。它导致积极的，富有成效的，和宝贵的经验。

另一方面，许多钥匙儿童表示非常痛苦，怨恨和愤怒的正生活在这种方式。许多人声称，鉴于太多的责任是对他们在幼年;这是一个压倒性的负担。他们是谁没有人真的很想得到保护，鼓励和关怀，通过注意从他们的母亲。回家的空房子，令人失望，孤独，而且往往是可怕的。他们认为他们的母亲所抛弃。毕竟，它似乎他们大多数其他儿童的“正常”的家庭，