自学习安徽大学研究生英语下册1-5单元-期末考试Summary-and-comment

Summary and comment(unit 1)

---------the end of something

“The end of something”tells a short story about the relationship’s broken between two young people. As time goes on, both the environment and the people have changed greatly. Firstly,the big mill itself stood deserted in the sawdust without anything left. Now we could not see the bustling ten years ago. Secondly,Nick and Marjorie went finishing in the shabby town. Their love was also coming to an end as same as the change of the town. According to their dialogues,we know the reason was that the man was tired of their relationship and fell in love with another one. At last,Marjorie left ,leaving Nick alone.

From this article,we know that relationship between two lovers would change as time went on. But what kind of attitude is right when facing this situation? To leave or not to leave? At this moment, Marjorie has to make a tough choice---left. And from a girl’s point of view, I really approve her choice. If a man feels tired of the relationship and finds another girl in order to change this bad situation, it’s never can be tolerated. Looking forward to the future, true love is waiting for you!

Summary and comment (unit2)

------the pleasures of ignorance

The author began this essay by telling the experience of waking in the morning and finding a fact that he knew practically nothing about anything. The quantity of the things he knew was limited except his own experience. However he felt no depress about his ignorance,believing that ignorance would be the greatest help to one. Because sometimes memory is not reliable, ignorance does work at this time,for the ignorant man seldom make inaccurate judgment without making an investigation first. So the ignorance would lead us to learn more.

As we know, the author’s attitude is solely and optimistic. But should we feel ashamed or pessimistic while realizing that we are ignorant? Undoubtedly,one’s knowledge can be out at elbows sometimes, but we can look up in a textbook or the encyclopedia etc. The information can be quickly accessed in various means. What’s more, there is no need to remember too much detail things,such as the mathematical formula, names. If we always pay attention on those things,they will never be our prides but burden! So the answer of the question mentioned above is obvious.

Summary and comment (unit 3)

------Exercise is a state of mind

“A sound mind in a sound body”,the author begins this essay by telling a description of a happy state. And throwing out his own perspective—body and mind healthy are linked together by exercise. Then the author exemplifies scientists’experiments as evidence to prove exercise has great effects on our healthy. Regular exercise improves our mood,decreases anxiety,improves sleep,improves resilience in the face of stress and raise self-esteem. In addition, exercise may have something to do with gene in a certain degree. This may become a gentle nudge to encourage us to exercise. Last,the author believes that the type of exercise doesn’t matter too much,more important is the ability to sustain an exercise routine.

I accept his view of attitude towards exercise. What we concerned is not the form,but to do or not to do. Nowadays,most of us spend too much time in doors,no willing and motivations drive us to do more exercise. As the saying goes: all roads to Rome. Any type and reasons that help you feel like exercise and keep you moving,you can insist on it.

Besides,we should form the habit of exercise. Continuing exercise is good to our body and mind healthy.

Summary and comment (unit 4)

----Rags to rags,riches to riches

From this essay,“American Dream”is gradually fading with the development of economy,rather than opportunity as the crux, especially for the native. The idea that American is exceptional in its material opportunity is deeply lodged in the culture. And this also has brought so much motivation for the poor. But now pessimistic spirit has come to dominate the national consciousness and the stiffening of America’s economic is worse than the culture. what’s more,America’s dominant position among those western counties is also becoming unobvious, which also lead challenges among peers depend on their parents. So the real focus of an effort to restore social and economic opportunity in America is to get out of poverty. The author’s advice is paying more attention on education.

A kind of culture held in esteem has its irreplaceable advantages. Such as American dream, struggle,risk ,self-determination and material progress are its representations. So the sate that rich children stay rich whereas poor children still stay poor can change. However,with the development of the society ,the change of the environment, the culture is hard to keep. What we need to do is to look for means to maintain the culture in order to be ladders out of poverty. I agree with the author’s advice——improve education.Because it’s effective although we need several generations.

Summary and comment(unit 5)

---------teaching our children about evil The author began this essay by asking how to understand the definition of “evil”. In the body, creative and destructive potentials were raised,which would effect people’s behaviors greatly.our creative potential is to enhance and enrich life,but destructive potential has the opposite result.In the end, with such what’s about evil,

the author concludes the text by offering some hows as to teaching our children about evil.

According to my understanding, on one hand, there is no absolute good or absolute evil. A thing can be good or evil or both at the same time;On the other hand, good and evil have no difference in size. We can’t deny a thing is good just because it’s too small, such as picking up the rubbish on the road. Or we can’t say a thing is not evil just because it is a small thing, such as spitting everywhere. Finally, I think good and evil can be transformed sometimes. We can’t say one is good or evil forever. In a word, good and evil is a complicated term. The relationship between them is so difficult to define.we should regard them from an overall aspect, don’t treat a thing or a person as good or evil too roughly.

Unit One

“The End of Something", by Ernest Hemingway, is a short story a bout two young people who witness how time can change the world and the people in it. The broken mill represents Nick and Marjorie's broken relationship. Once, the mill was the center of the town. The town was a place full of activity. In the present of the story, as the time passed by, the mill lies deserted, as does the relationship between Nick and Marjorie. we can clearly see that time can change everything , when they cannot stay young forever, so the weak foundation of their relationship is torn down and left in pieces. Even though they will meet one day, the love is not there, because the two lovers have their own understanding of love. Just as the story says“the fish will not strike anymore, and love is not fun anymore.” The good old past feeling is n't good enough anymore, even one of the lovers does not want give up on catching the love, and still clings to what is left and still hopes for the best. The past has become past, only can we cherish the good memory. What one must focus on is what is, now, and

what is to come, tomorrow. One must look beyond what was and look for the love belongs to them.

Unit two

In a general sense, ignorance is a derogatory word. In dictionary, the mean of “ignorance” is “lack of knowledge or information”. Ignorance is a condition or state where a person ignores, disregards, or overlooks knowledge about something. It is when the person is uninformed, is uneducated about something.

At the beginning of the article, the author felt sad of his current store of knowledge after many years’ expensive education. He thought a person would feel comfortable when a he was ignorant. At the end of the article, it suddenly occurred to the author when he has gone his way calm and happy, he may be the only one who is ignorant, for anyone will not admit that he is a ignorant person.

No matter how hard we learn, we can’t learn to the end of knowledge. So there is no limit to knowledge, we are all ignorant in this sense. Ignorance is a two-sided coin. From the good side, if we admit our ignorance, we can learn more and improve ourselves in our jobs, ability, and other fields. If we are ignorant and we don’t admit it, we will fall behind the person who admits his ignorance. So in my point of view, whether our ignorance is good or bad, our attitude is a crucial factor.

UNIT FOUR

In this article, the author said“Opportunity is the crux of the American ideal.” People in the American society used to think that they are sure to succeed and make their dreams come true with diligence. But i n recent years, “American dream” is seriously challenged. With regard to the economic development, the author holds that America is already a middle-aged country now, and pessimistic spirit has come to dominate the national consciousness. And the economic mobility in America is getting lower and lower compared to other western country. The idea of the “American Dream” is starting to fade since rich children keep rich when poor children stay poor. And at the end of the article, the author think we need to get out of poverty for the

sake of restoring the spirit, and one effective way is to improve education, which will have a great effect on economic mobility across generations.

Because of my limited knowledge of American economics, I can’t make some powerful viewpoints to the economic mobility in USA. But I think opportunity is an important part in American ideal. In America, opportunities are more, and relatively fairer than other areas. On the basis of this, dreams in USA come true more easily than other areas. And education is a significant factor to change the state of “rags to rags”, if children in poor family get opportunity to be educated, they will master advanced skills to get a good job and have a better life. And will it have a great effect on economic mobility, as said in the article? I’m not sure.

UNIT FIVE

In every language, there is a pair of words expressing good and evil, but what really is good and evil? Moral relativists think that the standards of good and evil are only products of local culture, custom, or prejudice. Someone think evil cannot exist without good, nor good without evil.

We are always taught to do good, not evil, and there are relatively few ways to do good, but there are countless ways to do evil, which is named “Destructive Potentials” and can destroy our and others’ life. The author said there are usually three ways to treat destructive potentials: denial, projection，displacement. To prevent evil, the author of this article argues, we must first know what is truly “evil”, and then find social forces that may activate destructive potentials. On the basis of knowing what’s “evil”, the author offer some hows to teach our children at the end.

UNIT SIX

At the beginning of the article, the author pointed out that, due to the financial crisis, economic downturn, the collapse of the banking system, and people thought that free trade would contribute to ever-greater income inequalities, there was a straw in the wind to trade protectionism, a trade war would break out.

The author went on to point out that ,a threat of trade protectionism is trade frictions and reducing exports which can cause economic recession. Another threat is the possibility of competitive devaluations. Finally, the authors have some suggestions, he hope that Obama can establish a free trade policy, and face the very real problem of income inequality, and encourage Asian countries to expand domestic demand, especially to China, we should strengthen the social safety network so that consumers feel more secure about not saving so much of their income. The United States can amend the tax program to curb consumption and encourage savings, and produce more to reduce global economic and trade imbalances.

The author strongly advocated free trade, and then what are the benefits of free trade? Firstly, through the international exchange of the products, consumers get a higher-level satisfaction. Secondly, through the international division of labor, the national resources can get the best configuration.