英文的修饰语(大全集版)

英文的「修飾語」

* 「修飾語」指的是(1) 修飾n., pron. 的adj.(片語、子句)。

(2) 修飾v., adj., adv., 以及整個句子的adv. (片語、子句)。

前言：1. 了解了英文中的修飾語，可協助我們在閱讀測驗更快分解句子。

2. 寫作文時，掌握了句子的基本句型後，加上「修飾語」，句子就更精采、

豐富。

一. n. 和pron. 的修飾語：包括adj., adj.片語, adj.子句

1. 簡單adj. (大部分放在n.前面，少部分放在n.後面)

The beautiful girl lives in the next room. 那個漂亮的女孩住隔壁房間

I like something new. 我喜歡新的東西

2. 形容詞片語，外型上可有以下五種形式。

(1) 介系詞片語

The girl with long hair lives in the room across the street.

那個有長頭髮的女孩住在街道對面的房間裡

(2) 主動分詞片語

The girl playing the piano well likes the dog barking at you.

那個很會彈琴的女孩喜歡那隻對你叫的狗

(3) 被動分詞片語

The girl bitten by the dog lives in the room sold last week.

那個被狗咬的女孩住在上星期被賣掉的房間裡

(4) 不定詞片語

The last girl to come this afternoon will have nothing to eat.

今天下午最後來的女孩就沒東西可吃了

(5) 形容詞片語

The girl friendly to everyone is actually blind.

對每個人都很友善的那個女孩其實是瞎子

3. 形容詞子句

(1) 關係代名詞帶領

The girl who likes you lives in the house which you sold last year.

那個喜歡你的女孩住在你去年賣掉的房子裡

(2) 關係副詞帶領

The mother passed away on the day when the baby was born.

媽媽在小孩出生的那天就過世了

I want to stay at a motel where I play Wii all day.

我想要住在一間我可以整天玩Wii的汽車旅館裡

二. V. 的修飾語：包括adv., adv.片語, adv.子句

1. 簡單副詞

Tell briefly why you often go there. 簡單地說一說你為何常常去那裡

2. 副詞片語

(1) 介系詞片語

I met a friend of mine on the street the other day.

前幾天我在街上碰到我一個朋友

(2) 分詞構句

a. 主動分詞片語

Walking on the street, I met a friend of mine.

在街上走的時候，我碰到我一個朋友

b. 被動分詞片語

Caught by the police, the thief had to tell the truth.

(由於)被警方抓到，小偷只好講實話

c. Being省略的形容詞片語

(Being) Sleepy in class, he didn’t hear what the teacher said.

因為課堂上想睡，老師講什麼他都沒聽到

d. 獨立分詞構句

The job done, he went to bed directly.

工作做完後，他就直接去睡了

(3) 不定詞片語(可表示動作發生的目的、結果、原因)

目的：We study hard to pass the exam. 我們用功是為了通過考試

結果：I waked to find the door open. 我醒來發現門沒有關

原因：I trembled to think who would be killed. 我一想到誰要被殺就發抖

3. 副詞子句(可表示動作發生的條件、時間、場所、原因、目的、結果、讓步…)

(1) 條件：If you don’t underline it, you will forget quickly.

如果你不劃底線，很快就忘了

(2) 時間：I will tell him the truth when he comes tomorrow.

他明天來時我就跟他說實話

(3) 場所：Put the book where it used to be. 把書放在原來的地方

(4) 原因：I failed the test because I didn’t study hard. 我不及格因為沒認真

(5) 目的：We stayed up late in order that we could pass the test.

我們熬夜是為了通過考試(6) 結果She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her.

她如此可愛每人都喜歡她(7) 讓步：Although you e-mailed her, she didn’t get it.

雖然你e-mail她，她並沒有收到

三. adj. 的修飾語：包括adv., adv.片語, adv.子句

1. 簡單副詞

He is quite handsome. 他相當英俊

He is much fatter than you. 他比你胖多了

2. 副詞片語

(1) 介系詞片語

I am bored to death. 我無聊得要死

(2) 不定詞片語

I am glad to see you. 很高興看到你

3. 副詞子句

I am afraid that this child is not ours. 我怕這孩子不是我們自己的

四. adv. 的修飾語：包括adv., adv.片語, adv.子句

1. 簡單副詞

He speaks English very well. 他英文講得相當好

2. 副詞片語

(1) 不定詞片語

He is rich enough to buy a car. 他夠有錢，買得起汽車

3. 副詞子句

The mosquito flies so fast that I can’t catch it.

蚊子飛得如此快以致我抓不到它Nobody loves money more than you do. 沒人比妳更愛錢

五. 「整個句子」的修飾語：包括adv., adv.片語, adv.子句。

1. 簡單副詞

Unfortunately, there was no more left. 不巧得很，沒有剩餘的了

2. 副詞片語

(1) 介系詞片語

In other words, I am sure I will win. 換句話說，我肯定我會贏

(2) 獨立不定詞片語

To tell the truth, I don’t like him. 說實話，我不喜歡他

3. 副詞子句(包括主要子句發生的條件、時間、場所、原因、目的、結果、

讓步等)

條件：Whenever he may come, I don’t want to see him.

不管他何時來，我都不見他時間：As soon as the room went dark, the children began to cry.

房子一變黑，孩子就哭了結果：What was better, she was granted a scholarship.

更棒的是，她還獲得獎學金

A.名詞後面可能還有同位語(有無前後逗點均有可能) (同位語的文法功用等於前面

的名詞)

1.Mrs. Dryden and her husband, Peter, tried to stab the creature with knives.

2.Reaction to the Bill Clinton/Monica Lewinsky affair, the latest matter involving the

President to be investigated by independent counsel Kenneth Starr, has varied.

3.There is increasing evidence that large cars cause more highway accidents than small

cars.

*後面會有that子句當同位語的名詞，尚有fact, truth, evidence, proof, explanation, suggestion, excuse, opinion, theory, decision, news, report, rumor, idea, thought,

doubt, possibility, dan ger, difference, …等。

B.句子中可能還有插入語(大多有前後逗點或破折號與主要子句隔開) (插入語不

要理它)

1.The fire which they believe was a case of arson killed five innocent people.

2.Many of the whales died on the beach—crushed by their own weight.

3.The amount, the police department reported, would pay the costs of rushing special

equipment to save him.

熟悉以上所介紹的句子結構，及各組成成分的組成份子，再怎麼樣的長的、複雜的句子，我們都不怕。

重要的是：這些拆解組合、組合拆解的過程，熟練的方法唯有經常練習，才會越拆越快。最後刻意的拆解「有形」的架構，終將融為「無形」的速讀。