最新初中英语8种时态讲解及练习

最新初中英语8种时态讲解及练习
最新初中英语8种时态讲解及练习

初中英语时态讲解

一、一般现在时:概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语:

…), once a week, on Sundays等

be动词;②行为动词am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在

如主语为第三人称单数,则用

①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为

当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。

一、【人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数】。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。

(口诀:I用am,you用are,is用于她他它,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are)

二、【单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数】。如:①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。

三、【单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数】。如:①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。

四、【不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数】。

如:①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。

五、【不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数】。如:①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。

六、【当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数】。如:①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。

【练习】一、单选 1. Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.

A work works

B works work

C work are working

D is working work

2 One of the boys_____ a black hat. A have B there is C there are D has

3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow. A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain

4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets

5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.

A like; listen

B likes; listens

C like; are listening

D liking listen

6 Jenny____ English every evening. A has study B studies C study D studied

二、填空 1.Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school. 2.Who_____(想要 )to go swimming?

3. I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.

4.______she_____(do) the housework every day?5 The pot_____(not look) like yours very much. 6 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?

7 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon . 8_____your sister_____(know)English?

二、一般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday,last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now,

at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构)

be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were

否定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它.

was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。

2. 实意动词do的一般过去时

I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子) I did my homework yesterday.

I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)

Did you do your homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)

3. 情态动词的一般过去时态含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。肯定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + 其它否定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它. 一般疑问句:情态动词 + 主语 + 其它?注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would,should-should。

他? What was your former name?你以前叫什么名字? Why was he late for school last Monday?上星期一他为什么迟到? What could she do twenty years ago? 20年前她能做什么?

规则动词的过去式 1..一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed。 look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d。 live→lived use→used taste-tasted

3.以―辅音字母+ y‖结尾的动词,先将 y 改为i ,再加–ed。 study→studied try→tried fly→flied

4.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加–ed。 stop→stopped plan→planned stop-stopped prefer→preferred

5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如:am(is)-was, are-were(是), become _became (成为) go-went(走)基本用法①表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。②表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作

She went to the cinema once a month when she was at walked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。③叙述过去连续发生的一件件事

She got up early, fetched water, cleaned the room and then went out for a walk.

她早早起床,提水,打扫房间然后出去散步。

【练习】

一、请用正确动词形式填空

1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.

2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.

3. We (have) a party last Halloween.

4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.

6. They (play) ch ess in the classroom last PE lesson.

7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

8. The girls (dance) at the party last night.

9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week. 10. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 11. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 12. Gao Shan _______ (put) up the picture last ni ght. 13. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday. 14. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? 15. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 16. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o

‘clock last night. 17. I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing. 18. How many people ________ (be) there in your class la st term?

二、按要求变换句型。 1. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句) _______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

2. He cleaned his room just now.. (划线提问) What________ he _______?

3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句) Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book.

4. My family went to the beach last week.

(划线提问) ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

2. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.

3. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

4. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening? He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.

5. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.

7. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night.

8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.

9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.

10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.

三、现在进行时:概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

构成:be+现在分词。be应为助动词,应与主语的人称和数保持一致。【注】动词现在分词的变化规则

1. 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing,如: work - working study - studying

2. 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing,如: make - making dance - dancing

3. 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing,如: put - putting begin - beginning

4. 以-ie结尾的动词,把-ie变成y再加-ing,如: lie - lying tie - tying 写出下列动词的现在分词形式

dance______shop_______ play______________ speak_______have _______ work ________

变化:

+be( am, is, are)+现在分词++be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它.

1,表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。

Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要吵闹。我正在写作文。

Let's set off. It isn‘t raining now. 咱们出发吧。现在不下雨了。

这类情况常与now现在,at the present现在,at the moment现在,today今天,this week这个星期,this year今年等时间状语连用。有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态,如: It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点。孩子们在操场上踢足球。 Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点!我们大家都等着你。

Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看!他们在那边的树底下看书。 Listen! She is singing in the room. 听!她在房间里唱歌。

Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凯特在哪里?她在房间里看书。 Why are you crying? Is something wrong?为什么哭呢?有什么不对?

2,表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作。

We are working in a factory these days. 这几天我们在一家工厂工作。 They are compiling a dictionary. 他们在编一本词典。

这类情况常与today今天,this week这个星期,this evening今天晚上,these days现在、目前等时间状语连用。3,在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作。 They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。 Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗?

这类情况常与come来,go去, leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人。 4,现在进行时与always等副词连用时带有感情色彩。 He's always quarreling with others. 他老喜欢跟别人吵架。

She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着。 The boy is forever asking questions. 那个男孩老是问问题。

这类情况常与always总是,usually通常,continually不断的,constantly经常的,forever永远、老是等副词连用。5,有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义。用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情。 How are you feeling today? (How do you feel today?)你今天感觉如何? I am looking (look)forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再来。

Why are you looking(do you look)so sad? 为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢? 6,有的动词用于现在进行时表示―逐渐‖的含义。此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外,一般不和其他时间副词连用的。

Our study is becoming more interesting. 我们的学习变得越来越有趣了。 The leaves are turning red. 树叶渐渐地变红了。 The war is ending. 战争接近尾声了。

Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一会儿,我的晚饭就要吃完了。

适合于此种用法的动词有:bet/grow/become/turn/run/go变成,begin开始,forget忘记,remember记得,die死,finish完成,find发现,rise增强等.7,―be‖动词的现在进行时。―be‖动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的。 He is being foolish. 他在装傻。

He is being honest. 他表现得特别老实。 She is being rude. 她故意表现粗鲁。

I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私。

适合于此种用法的有:foolish愚蠢的,nice好的,kind好心的,careful细心的,patient耐心的,lazy懒惰的,silly 傻的,rude粗鲁的,polite礼貌的,impolite无礼的等表示人的特性、性格的形容词。(―be‖动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为,纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时,―be‖动词不能用于现在进行时)如: I am happy.(表语是纯粹的心理状态,不可用am being)我很快乐。 He's tired.(表语是纯粹的生理状态,不可用is being)他很疲倦。 It's hot today.(主语不是人,不可用is being)今天很热。【练习】一.填空题 1.Mr Zheng _______________ (read) a book now. 2. The rabbits _________________ (jump) now.

3. Look ! Tom and John ________________ (swim).

4. Look! The bus _______________ (stop).

5. My brother _________________ (make) a kite in his room now.

6. Look! He _________ (dive) now.

7. We _______________ (have) an English class now. 8. Listen! Someone is__________________(come).

9. They ___________________(catch) butterflies now. 10. He ______________________ (do) an experiment now11.The y _____________________(collect) stamps now. 12. The doctors _____________________ (get ) off the bus13. Tom ____ ______________ ( watch ) TV in the dining room.14. It _______________________ (eat) fish now.

15. Come on. They _________________ ( leave ) now. 16.The teachers ________________ (run) now.

17. My father __________________(work) in the office now.

18.Where is your mother? She ________________________ (answer) the phone.

二、按要求改写句子 1. The boy is playing basketball.

否定句:_________________________ _________ ___ 一般疑问句:___________________________________________

肯定回答:_______________否定回答:____________对The boy提问:____________________________________________

2. 造句:

1).she,the window,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)______________________________________________________

1).is,who,the window,cleaning?(连词成句)__________________________________________________________________

2).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)________________________________________________________________

4.)You are doing your homework.(用"I"作主语改写句子)____________________________________________________

5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)____________________________________________________

6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)______________________________________

四、过去进行时:(一)概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

(二)结构:were /were+ V-ing. (三) 标志词: 1.at this/that time, 2. when sb/sth. did sth. last evening

3..at this/that time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week … ),

4..at+ 点钟 +yesterday (last night / Sunday … ) ,

5. the whole morning, all day , from nine to ten, while等。例如:

I was making fruit salad at this time. They were studying from 8:00 to 11:00 yesterday.

(四)一般过去时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及简略回答。

1. 肯定句: 主语+was/were+V-ing+其它 . I was watching TV at that time last night.

2. 否定句: 主语+was/were+not+V-ing+其它 .→I was not watching TV at that time last night.

3.一般疑问句:was/were+主语+V-ing+其它?→Were you watching TV at that time last night? 肯定回答:Yes, I was. 否定回答:No, I wasn’t.

4. 特殊问句: 疑问词+was/were+主语+V-ing+其它? →What were you doing at at that time last night?

(五) 基本用法:

1. 过去进行时表示在过去某个时间点发生的动作或事情。 (用介词短语和从句来表示时间点)

I was sleeping at this time last Sunday.(过去某一时刻)

My mother was cooking dinner at 9:00 yesterday. (过去某一时刻)

We were having supper when Tom came in.我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了?(从句表示时间点)

2. 过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内持续发生动作或事情。(the whole morning, all day , from nine to ten, while, when等。) Lucy was working all day. (过去某一段时间) We were watching TV from seven o‘clock to nine o‘clock last night.

3.在复合从句中,从句和主句的动作都是延续性或同时发生,那么主从句都要过去进行时。 While he was waiting for the bus , he was reading newspaper. 他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他洗车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)

(六)when 和while的用法区别

①when既指时间点,也可指一段时间。因此when在状语从句中的动词可以终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词

while只指一段时间。while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。

②when说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后生; while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。

③when引导的时间状语从句。后用一般过去时。 While后面一般用过去进行时。如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导, a.When the teacher came in, we were talking. =While we were talking, the teacher came in.

b.They were singing while we were dancing.

【练习】 1.I _______at 8:00 yesterday. A. was sleeping late B. slept late C. sleep late

2.They ______at this time.

A. talking on the phone

B.were talking on the phone

C. was talking on the phone

3.Lily was standing in front of the library ________. A. two hours ago B. tomorrow C. at that time yesterday

4.I ______ when the UFO arrived? A. was cutting hair B.was cutting hair C. cutting hair

5.My father was reading newspaper ____my mother was cooking dinner. A. when B.while C. what

6. My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C.fell, rode

7. I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.

A.worked

B. was working . C is working

8.---what were you doing at seven o‘clock last Sunday? ---I _____ the shower.

A. was getting out of

B. got out of

C.was get out of

9. I ___ my breakfast when the bell rang. A. had B. was having C.am having

10 The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.

A, was traveling B. traveled C. traveling

11. --- What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad.‖ ---Oh, nothing much. in fact, I ___ of my friends back home.

A. just thought

B. have just been thinking

C. was just thinking

12.What_____from three to four yesterday afternoon? A.have you done B.did you do C.were you doing 13.---I called you yesterday evening.but there was no answer.

---Oh, I ?m sorry I _____dinner at my friend‘s home. A.had B. was having C.have

14.My mother _____while my father_____TV.

A. cooked, was watching

B. was cooking, was watching

C. cooked, watched

15.when I got home, my son_____the music. A. am listening B. listened to C.was listening

二、动词填空。 1.John_______(work)all day yesterday.

2.He _______(walk)home when the rain_______(begin).

3.---What______you _______(do) at t en o'clock yesterday﹖ ---I (study) in class.

4. While Harry _______(have)breakfast, Lily telephoned him.

5. I ______ (write) a letter at t en last night.

6. It was six. The Greens ______ (have) supper.

7. When you ____(knock) at the door yesterday,I ____(do) some washing.

8. While my mother ______ (watch) TV, I ______(make) a kite. 9. _____you _____(feed) the animals at 5:00 yest erday afternoon? 10. Mrs Green_______(not wash) clothes at this time last Saturday.

三、按要求改写句子。

1.I was getting out of bed when the UFO landed. (对划线部分提问) _______ ______ you ______ when the UFO landed?

2. They played tennis yesterday afternoon.(用at 5:00 yesterday afternoon改写句子) They _____ _____ tennis at 5:00 yesterday afternoon.

3. While it was raining ,the plane took off.(改为同义句) It was raining _____ the plane _____ off.

4. 昨晚八点钟我爸爸在看报纸。 My father _____ ______ a newspaper at 8:00 yesterday evening.

5. 电话响时,我妈妈在做晚饭。 My mother ______ _____ _____ when the phone______.

6. 当外星人买纪念品时,我报了警。 _____ the alien was buying a souvenir ,I _____ the police.

7.I was washing my shoes at that time.(改为一般问句) ____ _____ ______ your shoes at that time?

五、现在完成时:

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。(一)构成:主语+have/has+V过去分词。―have /has‖如何使用需记清。当主语是I,you和复数名词或代词时要用have;单数主语后跟has。也就是说have/has需同主语的人称或数保持一致。

(二)用法接触一:肯定句式

现在完成时的肯定句式是―have(has)+过去分词‖。如:

① We have just finished our homework.② She has gone home.

注意:1)该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。 2)该句式中have (has)和过去分词之间可用just插入。 3)把该句式译成汉语时,往往用―已经‖、―刚刚‖、―过‖或―了‖等。接触二:疑问句式

现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。如:③ Have you read this story book yet?特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下:④ What have you done with my bike? ⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you? 注意:1)现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。

2)把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时,往往译成―……过吗?‖、―已经……了吗?‖等。

3)其肯定回答用―Yes,...have(has).‖,否定回答用―No,...haven't(hasn't).‖,有时用―No,not yet.‖或―No,never.‖。

接触三:否定句式:现在完成时的否定句式是―haven't(hasn't)+过去分词‖。如:⑥ We haven't studied Unit 2 yet.⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet.

注意:1)现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。 2)否定句常译为―还没有……‖等。

接触四:用法之一:现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如:

Have you read that story?你读过那个故事吗?

(―读‖这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是:是否知道故事的内容。) I have bought two apples.我买了两个苹果。

(―买‖这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的结果是:拥有两个苹果。)

在学习这一概念的同时,还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词:already,just,ever,yet,never等。already,just多用于肯定句中,ever,yet,never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如:

I have already finished my homework.我已经做完家庭作业了。 He has just had his meal.他刚吃过饭。

Have you ever sung this English song?你曾唱过这首英文歌吗? They haven't started yet.他们还没有动身。 We have never heard of it.我们从来没有听说过这件事。

接触五:用法之二 :表示过去已经开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态。注:这一用法即现在完成进行时的用法

因为表示的是持续的动作或状态,所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词:be, stay, study, wait, keep, have…等;

使用的时间状语通常由for或since 引导,但二者后接的词有所不同:

for后常跟一个时间段,指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间,如for three years, for half an hour等。

since 作介词,后面可以接一个时间点,如since 1980,也可以接―一段时间+ago‖, 如: since three years ago, since two months ago等。 since 还可用作连词,引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。如:We have known each other since we went to college.

非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用,但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词,如: come→be, come to→be in / at, go out→ be out, leave→be away, begin / start→be on, stop→ be over,buy → have, borrow→ keep, open→be open, close→be closed, join→be a member of, die→be dead, catch a cold→have a cold, get to know→know, become a teacher →be a teacher, fall asleep→be asleep, fall ill→ be ill等。

句型It is the first (second, third...) time that...的that从句中,谓语动词须用现在完成时,表示到说话时为止动作发生过几次。如:It is the first time that I have been here. 接触六:现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较

现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响;一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较:

The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。(说明现在的情况:飞机在这儿。)

The plane arrived a quarter of an hour ago. 飞机是一刻钟以前抵达的。(强调动作发生的时间在过去。)

接触七:have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法

1. have(has) been in 意为―已经在某地呆了多长时间‖,常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。 2. have(has) been to意为―曾经去过某地‖,表示现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用。如:

I've just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。 Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗? Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。 3. have(has) been to 后面可接次数,表示去过某地几次。如: I've been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。

They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。 4. have(has) gone to 意为―到某地去了‖,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如:—Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里?—He has gone to the bookshop.他到书店去了。接触八:常用于现在完成时的时间状语

除了我们讲过的already, yet, still,just, ever, never, since短语和 for短语外,还有许多时间

状语常用于现在完成时,我们要留心将它们和一般过去时的时间状语区分开来: 1. lately, recently是完成时的时间状语;just now 有a moment ago 之意,是过去时的时间状语。如:

Have you heard from your family lately/recently? Did you see Joan just now? 2. in the past few years 意思是―过去几年来‖,常用于完成时中; in the past意思是―在过去‖,常用于过去时中。如:

Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years. Where did you work in the past? 3. ever since then 与from then on / after that 都有―打那以后‖之意,但前者常用于完成时,而后两者常用于过去时。如: She's lived here ever since then. I didn’t hear of Jim from then on/after that. 4. before 通常用于完成时;...ago通常用于过去时。如:I have never been to Japan before. She went to Japan two years ago.

5. so far―到目前为止‖, these days―这些天来‖也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。如: So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon. What have you done these days? 接触八:过去分词有规则与不规则两种。

规则的变化形式与动词的过去式一样。不规则就需要记忆了不规则动词过去式和过去分词

A. 原型:过去式和过去分词完全不同

drink--drank--drunk ;ring--rang---rung ;swim--swam--swum ;sing--sang--sung ;sink--sank--sunk; give--gave--given; hide--hi d--hidden; do--did--done; see--saw--seen

B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同

bright--brought--brought think--thought----thought fight----fought--fought buy--bought--bought catch--caught--caught sell--sold--sold

C.原型与过去分词相同 come--came--come; run--ran--run become--became--become

D.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同

cast--cast--cast cut--cut--cut put--put--put let--let--let set--set--set hit--hit--hit

【练习】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. I______never______(speak)to a foreigner.

2. —______Tom______(return)the library book?—Yes,he has.

3.—When________he________(return)it?—Half an hour ago.

2.二、按要求转换下列各句,每空一词。

1、He has already finished his homework.(改为否定句) He _______ finished his homework ________.

2.They have found the lost books already.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答) ______ they _______ the lost books _______?No,they________.

3.Julia has not got home from school yet.(改为肯定句) Julia ______ _______ ________ home from school .4.You have never been to Shanghai before,_________ _________ ?(改为反意疑问句)

5. He‘s gone to Beijing, ______ ______?(改为反意疑问句)

6.Mr Wang began to teach English in this school in 1999.(改为同义句) Mr Wang _________ _________ English in this school since 1999.

7. He hasn’t left home for 3 days.(同义句) He _____ ______ ______ home for 3 days.

三、选择正确答案。 ( )1.—Who is Mary ?—____?I saw you talking with her at the meeting .

A.Don't you meet her yet B.Didn't you met her yet C.Haven't you met her yet D.Hadn't

you met her yet

( )2.—How do you like Beijing ,Mr Black?—Oh ,I ____ such a beautiful city .

A.don't visit B.didn't visit C.haven't visited D.hadn't visited

( )3.The old people ____ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week.

A.don't feel B.hasn't felt C.haven't felt D.didn’t feel

( ) 4.We have lived here ____ five years ago. A.when B.since C.before D.after

六、过去完成时:概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即―过去的过去‖。

----|--------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc. 基本结构:主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词.

③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+had. 否定回答:No,主语+had not .

④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)?基本用法

(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即―过去的过去‖。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。

By nine o‘clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。

(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。

I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候,我在车

站已等了20分钟。

He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。

(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时。

Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。

I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知,因为我没有好好学习功课。(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。

I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。

(5)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。

I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。(6)状语从句:在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在前,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until

初中英语动词时态讲解及练习

16种英语时态总结归纳 时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 英语时态分为16种:一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时,以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 1. 一般现在时 用法:A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例:He always helps others. (他总是帮助别人。) D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般现在时,则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.(下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。) How often does this shuttle bus run? (这班车多久一趟?) F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将来事情。 例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。) 2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法:现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法: A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例:I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在的动作或情况,并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点,或for 加一段时间,或by加一个现在时间。 例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging 全句的意思是:“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物,但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战,并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词,在本句中应当是被动语态;其动作延续到今天,所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主动语态,不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态,但意思与全句内容不合,所以不对。 C) 表示发生在过去,但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词,如:arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。 例:John has broken his left leg.(约翰摔断了左腿。) 注意事项 A) 现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于:现在完成时强调动作的动态,或受动态的影响,是动态的结果,对现在有影响;过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作,与现在没有联系。

初中英语八大时态结构及用法

初中英语八大时态结构及用法 时态无疑是初中英语最重要的语法内容,学好时态基本就拿下了语法的半壁江山。 英语八大时态: 一、一般现在时 标志:动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作,常与表频度的时间状语连用: She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等: He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver.

3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中: Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作: Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来: 1)表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词),可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如: The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon. How often does the shuttle bus run? 2)在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情:When Bill comes(不用will come)ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 二、一般过去时 标志:动词过去式

初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解

初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解 一般现在时态 【展示平台】 1 一般现在时态用来表示经常,反复,习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频率的副词sometimes(有时), often(经常), usually(通常), always (总是)等连用。时间状语in the morning/ afternoon/ evening(在上午/下午/晚上), every day/ week/ month/ year(每天/周/月/年, at noon/night (在中午/夜里), on Monday/Tuesday(在星期一/二)等也可用在一般现在时态中。如: Bruce usually walks to school. 布鲁斯通常步行去上学。 We have two P.E classes every week. 我们每周上两节体育课。 2 表示现在的特征或状态。如: She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。 He is 13 years old. 他13岁了。 3 表示事实或客观真理,或在谚语中,也用一般现在时。如: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天东升西落。 When there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。 4 一般现在时的基本句型 1)肯定句:① 主语+动词原形+其他②主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词-s+ 其他如:They live in China. 他们住在中国。 He likes eating apples. 他喜欢吃苹果。 2)否定句:① 主语+don’t+ 动词原形+其他 ② 主语(第三人称单数)+doesn’t+ 动词原形+其他 如:They don’t live in China. 他们不住在中国。 He doesn’t like eating apples. 他不喜欢吃苹果。 3)一般疑问句:① Do+主语+动词原形+其他? ② Does+主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词原形+其他? 如:Do they live in China? 他们住在中国吗? Does he like eating apples? 他喜欢吃苹果吗? 【相关链接】 当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下: 1)一般在动词后直接加s。如:talk –talks, live –lives。 2)以s, x., ch, sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如: watch –watches, wash –washes, go –goes。 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i再加es。如: carry – carries, fly –flies。 4)特殊的,如:have的第三人称单数为has。 【牵手中考】 1. Bob often ______his mother with the housework on Sundays A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped

(完整版)初一英语一般现在时态讲解

初一英语一般现在时态讲解 一、定义与讲解 一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。 通常与副词every day(每天),always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常)sometimes(有时),等时间状语连用。 例:(1)表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 Mary’s father is a n English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。 (2)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 I go to school at seven every day.我每天六点去上学。 She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。 (3)表示客观现实。 The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。 There are 63 students in my class. 我们班有63个学生。 (4)表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言谚语等。 The sun rises in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 (5)表示平日的喜好。 I like bananas. We don’t like vegetables. He likes blue. She doesn’t like strawberries. 二、只有主语在第三人称单数时在陈述句里面实义动词用“三单形式”, 其他人称(一,二,三复)用动词原形。 e.g. I/ We like English very much.我/我们非常喜欢英语。 She/ He/His sister l ikes English very much. 她/他/她的妹妹非常喜欢英语 ★动词三单形式的变化规则: 1.(1)多数直接在动词词尾加-s. play — plays like — likes ask---asks work---works get---gets call---calls (2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es. watch---watches wash---washes do---does go---goes (3)以“辅音字母加- y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es. try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies 2.不规则变化:be---- is have----has 一般现在时态肯定句式:分为含有be动词和实义动词的两种情况:

(完整版)初中英语八种时态总结归纳

初中英语八种时态总结归纳 一、大凡现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month...),once a week,on sundays,etc. 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don“t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn“t,同时还原行为动词。 大凡疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。 二、大凡过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month...),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,etc.基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词 否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn“t,同时还原行为动词。 大凡疑问句:①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now,at this time,these days,etc. 基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing 大凡疑问句:把be动词放在句首 四、过去进行时: 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语:at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是大凡过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构:was/were+doing 否定形式:was/were+not+doing 大凡疑问句:把was或were放在句首 五、现在完成时: 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语:recently,lately,since...,for...,in the past few years,etc. 基本结构:have/has+done 否定形式:have/has+not+done 大凡疑问句:have/has放于句首 六、过去完成时: 概念:以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。 时间状语:before,by the end of last year(term,month...),etc. 基本结构:had+done

初中英语八大时态讲解及练习(全)

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①be动词; ②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句: ①把be动词放于句首; ②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。(口诀:I用am,you用are,is用于她他它,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are) 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 【练习】 一、单选 1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital. A work works B works work C work are working D is working work 2 One of the boys_____ a black hat. A have B there is C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow. A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain

初中英语时态专项讲解及练习(进行时及完成时)练习

Ⅰ. Choose the best answer (选择) 1. The firemen can't go into the room because the door ________ by someone. A. locks B. was locked C. has locked D. locked 2. When you phoned me yesterday afternoon, I ________ table tennis with my son. A. had played B. played C. was playing D. has played 3. You don't have to go there yourself. I ________ my parents everything about it already. A. will tell B. told C. had told D. have told 4. Lucy ________ ill for two days, so she cannot go to school today. A. has been B.had been C. will be D. is 5. Little Tom ________ while everybody else was listening to the teacher carefully. A. had slept B. will sleep C. slept D. was sleeping 6. Some of the Chinese celebrities(名人) ________ to attend the Oscar Award Ceremony. It was a big event early this year. A. have invited B. were invited C. will invite D. are invited 7. Sam usually ________ his key to his neighbor when he is away from home. A. leaves B. has left C. will leave D. is leaving 8. By the end of last term, we ________ English for four years. A. have learned B. learned C. would learn D. had learned 9. Tornadoes swept across the South America last month. At least 28 people ________. A. killed B. are killed C. were killed D. were killing 10. My uncle will send me some local postcards and stamps after he ________ France. A. reaches B. reached C. will reach D. is reaching Ⅱ. Choose the best answer. Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that ____1____ was coming for every big dog in California. Men had found gold in the Y ukon, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to

初中英语时态讲解(完整版)

英语时态讲解 1. 一般现在时的应用 (1) 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常用频度副sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom 以及时间副词 every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night 做状语。如: He often stays up late. 他常熬夜。 We go home every month. 我们每月都要回家。 I watch TV at night. 我晚上看电视。 (2) 表示客观真理或永恒的状态。如: The earth travels round the sun. 地球绕太阳旋转。 Trees turn green in spring. 春天树木变绿。 Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough. 足够热时,液体变为气体。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 (3) 现阶段的状态。常跟时间副词now连用。如: He lives in Beijing now. 他现在住在北京。 She is at home. 她在家。 They work in that factory. 他们在那家工厂工作。 (4) 习惯性的爱好或行为。如: I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞,而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. 我们六点起床。 He studies very hard. 他学习很刻苦。 (5) 表示已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排,并且一定要做的事情。用于这种句型的动词主要是瞬间动词:come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open等。如: The train arrives at five past eight and leaves at ten past eight. 火车八点过五分到,八点过十分

【最新文档题库】初中英语八种时态大全-最新版

英语时态 一般现在时: 概念:表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 用法:A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 经常性、习惯性动作。常与频率副词连用。 Eg.:He always helps others. (他总是帮助别人。) C) 客观事实和普遍真理。 Eg. The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转) Light travels faster than sound.( 光传播比声音快) D) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、 继续”等的动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期 定点运行的交通方式。 Eg.The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. Eg.How often does this shuttle bus run? (这班车多久一趟?) E) 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as 等引导)和条件状语从句中(以 if,unless 引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。 Eg.:Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.( 如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) 时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month ?), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①be 动词;②行为动词 否定形式: ①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加d on't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行 为动词。 一般疑问句: ①把be 动词放于句首; ②用助动词do 提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

初中英语八大时态讲解及练习(全)

一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①be动词; ②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句: ①把be动词放于句首; ②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。(口诀:I用am,you用are,is用于她他它,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are)

二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: ①The milk is in the g lass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 【练习】

初中英语时态讲解及练习(含答案)培训资料

时态 1. 一般现在时 ●形式:do does(单数第三人称) ●意义:一般现在时表示客观的、普遍性的真理以及经常性的事 件。 ●用法: A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 经常性、习惯性动作。 e.g.:He always helps others. (他总是帮助别人。) He often goes to the gym. C) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般现 在时,则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 e.g.: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Knowledge is power. ●这一用法场合一些表动作频率的时间副词连用: 1). 表示肯定的频率副词:always, frequently, usually, sometimes, generally, occasionally, often etc. 2). 表示否定的频率副词:never, seldom, rarely etc. ?这些副词的位置:在Be动词后,实义动词前。 e.g. He is always late. 2. 一般过去时 ●形式:did ●意义:一般过去时表示在过去的某一特定时间发生和结束的活 动或情况。 ●用法: A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 e.g.: I saw him in the library yesterday morning. (有特定的时间状语) ?y esterday, yesterday evening, last night/month/spring/year, the night before last(前天 晚上),three days/months/years ago, in 1999 etc.。这 些时间状语之前不用加介词。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作,一直持续或反复发生的动作,此时可与表示拼读的时间副词连用。

初中英语八种时态归纳总结

初中英语八种时态归纳总结 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①主语+ be动词+ 其他;②主语+ 行为动词+ 其他 否定形式:①主语+ am/is/are + not + 其他;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时: 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构:①主语+ be动词+ 其他;②主语+ 行为动词+ 其他 否定形式:①主语+ was/were + not + 其他;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时: 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构:主语+ am/is/are + doing + 其他. 否定形式:主语+ am/is/are + not + doing + 其他. 一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时: 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状

初中英语八种时态详解及练习讲解学习

初中英语语法:动词八种时态、被动语态详解练习及答案: 一、初中英语被动语态用法小结 [1]一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如:Many people speak Chinese. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken 一般过去时:was/were+spoken 一般将来时:will/shall be+spoken 现在进行时:am/is/are being+spoken 过去进行时:was/were being+spoken 现在完成时:have/has been+spoken 过去完成时:had been + spoken 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如:Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如:The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

初中英语时态详解

初中英语时态详解 一、什么叫时态?英语中不同时间发生的动作要用动词的不同形式来表示,这种动词的不同形式叫做时态。 二、时态的种类常见的英语时态有16种,但初中阶段一般要求掌握9种。请见下表:(以动词work为例)时态名称例句主语谓语时间状语一般现在时He worksevery day 一般过去时Heworkedyesterday 一般将来时Hewill workto morrow 过去将来时Hesaid he would workthe next day现在进行时Heis workingnow过去进行时Hewas workingat that time现在完成时Hehas workedfor two hours过去完成时Hehad workedfor two hours by then现在完成进行时Hehas been working heresince10 years ago时态往往和其时间状语有着密切的联系。现就常用9种时态及其常用时间状语等问题分别简介于下: 1、一般现在时一般现在时用来表示:a、客观事实和普遍真理;b、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态;c、主语现有的特征。常与下列时间状语连用:(1)always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, ever, never等。如:It never snows in Australia in December、澳大利亚的二月里从来不下雪。(2)once a year, twice a day, every day, every month, every other day(每隔一天),every two days(每隔两天)等。如:I hear from her every other week、我每隔一周收到她的来信。

初中英语讲义(教案):初二英语 时态讲解 一般将来时

一般将来时 一、导入 二、专题讲解 一般将来时 1、定义:一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 2、结构:(三种) (1) will + do (注:will 为助动词) (2) be going to do (注:going to 永不变) (3) be doing (注:现在进行时表将来) 3、时间状语: tomorrow (明天), the day after tomorrow (后天), next year/ month/ week (明年/ 下个月/ 下周), in the future (将来), https://www.360docs.net/doc/cb9359104.html,ter (......之后), soon (不久), in + 一段时间(在.....之后), next time (下一次), this afternoon/ evening/weekend (今天下午/ ....), tonight (今晚)等等。 4、一般将来时的句型变化: 情况一:will/shall +do ( will 用于各种人称, shall 用于主语为第一人称:I /we ) 1) 肯定句: 主+ will/shall + do+其它. 如:Tom will play football tomorrow. People will have robots in the future. I will/shall be a teacher in 10 years. ( will be a /an +职业名词) 2) 否定句: 主+ will/ shall + not +do+其它.(will not 缩写为won’t )

初中英语动词八种时态

初中英语动词八种时态讲解 1、一般现在时 主要用于下面几情况: 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 在这种情景中,句子常带有表示频率的时间状语:always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等,以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如:They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。 She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信,仅一月一封而已。 I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。 It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2)仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态",其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如:He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。 That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。 Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 She majors in music .她主修音乐。 All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 顾名思义,客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的;也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。例如: The sun rises in the east .日出东方。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。 Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比声音的速度快。 The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。 4) 根据英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job, they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。 用于一般现在时的副词,除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外,常见的还有:now, today , nowadays等等。 2、一般过去时 主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同,只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此,所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。 一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示,也就是说动词词末要加-ed(除不规则动词外)。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有:last night (week , month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。 使用一般过去时,在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。"过去"的时间概念有两层意思:一是指"现在某个时间"以前的时间;二是指"说话、写文章的那个时间点"以前的时间,在这个意义上,"现在的那个时间点"是很小很小的,甚至于小到无法量化的程度。例如: He got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照。 --Where's Jim? 吉姆在哪里? --He just went out.他刚刚出去。 3、一般将来时 主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的"将来时间"是指"说话、写文章那一刻以后

相关文档
最新文档