人教版七年级上册英语语法知识及习题
七年级上册英语语法知识及习题
英语句子成分：组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。
一、主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
1. Bob has a soccer ball . 鲍勃有一个足球。（名词）
2.He likes dancing.他喜欢跳舞。（代词）
二、谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征，谓语一般是动词。
1.We study English. 我们学习英语
2. He is asleep. 他睡着了。
三、表语（predicative）:表示主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，表语前面的动词称为系动词。
“系动词+表语”一块称为谓语。
1. He is a teacher.他是个老师（名词
2. Five and five is ten.五加五等于十（数词）
3.He is asleep.他睡着了（形容词）
4.His father is in. 他的父亲在家（副词）
5.The picture is on the wall.画在墙上。(介词短语)
6.That sounds good 那听起来很好。
7.It looks nice . 看上去很好。
常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来、吃起来）, feel（感觉）...
四、宾语：动作、行为的对象
1.I like China.我喜欢中国。（名词）
2.You can help me. 你能帮助我。（代词）
3.How many do you need? We need two. 你们需要多少？我们需要两个。（数词）
4. I like playing soccer. 我喜欢踢足球。（动名词）
5.I want to have an apple. 我想要吃个苹果。（不定式）
双宾语-----间接宾语（指人）和直接宾语（指物）
Tom’s mother buy him some books.汤姆的妈妈给他买了一些书。
五、宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We will make them happy. 我们将让他们高兴。（形容词）
His father help him to do his homework. 他的父亲帮他做家庭作业。（带to不定式）
六、定语：修饰名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
1. He is a Chinese teacher. 他是个语文老师。（名词）
2. He is our friend. 他是我们的朋友。（代词）
3. I have three books. 我有三本书。（数词）
4. He is a good student. 他是个好学生。（形容词）
5.The boy in red is my brother. 穿红衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。(介词短语)
七、状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。表示行为发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结
果、程度、条件、方式等。
1.I go to school at seven o’clock.我在七点钟上学。
2.He reads the book in the room.他在房间里看书。
3.I don’t like thrillers because they are scary. 我不喜欢恐怖片因为它们太吓人了。
13 冠词：冠词是置于名词之前。冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。零冠词指的是不
用冠词的情况。不定冠词表示“一”，定冠词表示“这个，那个，这些，哪些”。
不定冠词的用法-1
不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前，"an"用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。
用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一"
There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。
an apple ,an orange ,an English boy ,
你还能写出一些前边用an 的词吗？
____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________
不定冠词的用法-2
用在某些表示数量的词组中：
a lot of 许多 a pair of 一双
定冠词的用法
1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物
Open the door, please. 请把门打开。
2) 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）
I have a pencil , the pencil is green . 我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。
3) 用在序数词前
January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。
4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物
the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth 地球the sky 天空the world 世界
5) 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the
play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴
零冠词的用法
1) 专有名词前一般不加冠词
Tom 汤姆China 中国Europe 欧洲
2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词
January 一月份Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣诞节Thanksgiving 感恩节National Day 国庆节May Day 劳动节
比较：...on a Sunday morning. 在一个星期天的早晨... （表示某一个。）
3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠词
I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。
4）球类运动不加冠词
play basketball 打篮球play volleyball 打排球play football 踢足球
时态概说
在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的不同形式称为时态。
I am 14 this year. 今年我14 岁。I was 13 last year.去年我13 岁。
He plays soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。
英语中共有16 种时态，常用的有9种。
一般现在时
一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12. She is at home.
表示经常的或习惯性的动作，如：I go to school at 7:30 every day.
表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：She likes apples. They know English.
动词的种类
动词分为四种：连系动词, 实义动词, 助动词, 情态动词
1）连系动词：词义不完全，要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。
如be (am, is are)是，sound听起来，look看起来
She is my sister.
That sounds interesting .听起来很有趣。
2）实义动词，有实际意义的动词，能单独做谓语。如see, ask, like
I like bananas.
3）助动词：本身没有词义，帮助实义动词一起构成否定句，疑问句。如do，does
I don’t like chicken .
Does he like apples ?
4）情态动词；本身具有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。
can,能，会，must ,必须，情态动词后一定要用动词原形。
I can speak English .
I must find it . 我一定要找到它
动词be的用法
be 的用法口诀
我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；
单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
Be动词专项练习用am, is, are 填空：
1. I ______ a student. ______ you a student? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Jane and Tom _________ my friends
9. Where _____ my pen ?
10. Where ______ my books ?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13. The jeans ______ on the desk.
14. Here ______ a photo of my family .
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black book ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of socks______ 20 dollars.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. How much ____ the skirt?
21 How much ______ the trousers ?
22. My sister's name ______Nancy.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. You, he and I ______ from China.
句型转换的方法
一.肯定句变否定句
1.句子中有be，在be后加not。
) I am a student. → I am not a student.
2) They are blue . → They aren’t blue.
3) He is Tom. → He isn’t Tom
2.谓语是动词原形，在动词前加don’t。
) I have a book . → I don’t have a book.
2) They like Chinese . → They don’t like Chinese.
3) We come from China. → We don’t come from China.
3谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesn’t，动词用原形。
1)She has a basketball. →She doesn’t have a basketball
2)Maria likes China. → Maria doesn’t like China.
3)Jane comes from the U.S.A. →Jane doesn’t come from the U.S.A.
练习：将下列句子变成否定句。
1. I am a teacher. →I ______ a teacher.
2. We are students. → We ________ st udents.
3. Jane is a girl. → Jane ____ a girl.
4. They like English. → They _____ like Chinese
5. I come from China. → I _______ come from China.
6. He likes Chinese. → He_______ like Chinese.
7. Maria comes from Cuba. →Maria______ come from Cuba.
8. W e know Maria. → We ________ know Maria
二.肯定句变一般疑问句
句子中有be，把be提到句首
1) I am a student. →Are you a student?
2) They are blue. →Are they blue?
3) He is Tom. →Is he Tom?
2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。
1).I have a book . →Do you have a book?
2) They like Chinese . →Do they like Chinese?
3) We come from China. →Do you come from China?
3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。
1) She has a basketball . →Does she have a basketball?
2) Maria likes China. → Does Maria like China?
3) Jane comes from the U.S.A. →Does Jane come from the U.S.A?
4) She knows Maria. → Does she know Maria?
练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。
1. I am a teacher. ____ ____ a teacher?
2. They are students. ______ ______ students?
3. Jane is a girl. ______ ______ a girl?
4. They like English. ____ they like English?
5. I come from China. ____ you come from China?
6. He likes Chinese. ____ he_____ Chinese?
7. Maria comes from America.
_____ Maria _____ from America?
8. We speak Chinese. _____ you_____ Chinese?
三.一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答
1.Are you Maria ? 肯定回答：Yes , I am. 否定回答：No, I’m not.
2.问句和答语的动词保持一致.
1) Are you a student? 肯: Yes, I am. 否：No, I’m not.
2) Is he Jack ? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
3) Do they like Chinese?肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
4) Does she have a basketball ?肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。（必须用主格）
1) Is Jane from the U.S.A?肯:Yes, she is. 否:No，she isn’t.
2) Does Li Hua come from China? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
3) Do Jane and Maria like China? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
4) Is this a ruler? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
5) Is that a desk? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
6) Are these books? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
7) Are those pencils? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
8) Are these erasers? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
9) Is that an orange? 肯：_______________. 否：_______________.
练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。
1.Are you a student? Yes, _____ _______ . No, ______ ________ .
2. Do they like English? Yes, ______ _________ . No, _______ ________ .
3. Is Jane a girl? Yes,_______ _________. No, ________ ________ . .
4. Does Maria like China? Yes, ______ _________ . No, ______ _________.
5. Is Jenny a student? Yes , ______ _________ No , ______ _________ .
6. Is that a girl? Yes , ______ _________No , ______ _________.
7. Are those telephones? Yes , ______ _________ No , ______ _________ .
8. Does Tom know Jane? Yes , ______ _________ No , ______ _________.
9. Do they come from the U.S.A? Yes , _________ _________ No , ______ _________.
10. Is this an egg? Yes , _________ _________ No , ______ _________
四.对划线部分提问.
口诀：一选二变三问号: 一选是分析句意，先选疑问词，代替划线部分（划线部分去掉），二变是把剩余部分变成一般疑问句（疑问词作主语时除外），第三步加上问号。
练习：对划线部分提问
1. The shoes are black ____________________________
2. She is my teacher. __________________________ 3 My keys are on the sofa. ______________________4. Lily is in the classroom. ________________________ 5. I am fine. ___________________________________6. That boy is Tom. _____________________________
10. Her telephone number is 88828539. ______________________
11. The skirt is 12 dollars _____________________________
12. She is 12 years old. ___________________________________
13. His name is Jim Green .___________________________________
14. My birthday is on December,2__________________________________
1.My name is Nancy. _________ _________ your name?
2.I am from China. _________ _________ you from?
3.I am fine . _________ are you?
4. Miss.Wang is our English teacher. _________ is your English teacher?
5.Lucy is ten years old. _________ _________ are you?
6. It is yellow . _________ _________ is it？
7.My telephone number is 5805000.
_________ _________ your telephone number?
8.They are cars . _________ are they? 9.This is my cap. _________ cap is this?
10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. _________ is your favorite movie star ?
五.同义句转换.
1.Please give Jane the book. Please _______ the book _______ Jane.
2. This is my book. This book is _______
3. He has short hair. _______ _______ is short.
4. My ruler is not long. My ruler is_______
5. This jacket is not new. This jacket is _______
6.My English teacher is old .My English teacher is not _________.
六.单复数转换. 1.将下列句子变成复数.
It is a box . _______ ________ ________ ______ .This is a ruler. _______ ________ ________ _______.
That is an eraser. _____ _____ _____ _____.He is a student. ______ _______ ______ _______.
2.将下列句子变成单数。
1.They are pencils. _______ ________ ______ ______ .
2.These are erasers. _______ ______ ________ ______ .
3.They are boys. _______ ________ ________ ______
4. They are girls . _______ ________ ________ ______ ..
5.Those are books. _______ ______ ______ ______ ..
6.These are desks. _______ ________ ________ ______ .
7.These are boxes. _______ ________ ________ ______ ..8.Those are cars. _______ ________ ________ ______ .
六. 仿照例句改写下列句子。
She is in the classroom . 否定句：She is not in the classroom.
一般疑问句：Is she in the classroom? 回答：Yes, she is. (No, she isn’t)
1. I am a student .否定句：_______________________________一般疑问句：__________________________ 肯、否定回答：_____________________________
2. This is my book.否定句：_____________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________
肯、否定回答：________________________________
3. They are on the desk.否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯、否定回答：_____________________________
4. The pen is red.否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：_______________________________
肯、否定回答：_____________________________
八．改写句子
1. Those are my books. 否定句：____________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________
肯、否定回答：_____________________________变单数：________________________________
划线部分提问：________________________________
2. She is my good friend.否定句：_____________________________________
一般疑问句：__________________________________肯、否定回答：________________________________ 变复数：____________________________________划线部分提问：________________________________ 3. The pen is in the desk.否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：_______________________________肯、否定回答：_____________________________
变复数：____________________________________划线部分提问：________________________________
动词have , has 的用法
用法一. have强调所属关系，主语常为人或物。意为“有”
当主语是第三人称单数，并且只有当句子为肯定句时，动词“有”用has，当主语不是第三人称单数时，以及否定句和疑问句中用一律用have
一．用have或has填空：
1. She__________ some balls.
2. They___________ a nice garden.
3. Miss Li doesn’t__________ an English book.
4. What does Mike___________?
5. My father_________ a story-book。
6. My pare nts don’t___________ any nice pictures.
7. David’s friends___________ a basketball.8. David__________ some jackets.
二．仿照例句句型转换：
1.We have a baseball.
①变一般疑问句Do you have a baseball ?②肯定回答Yes ,I do .
③否定回答No , I don’t .④否定句We don’t have a baseball .⑤对划线部分提问What do you have ?
2.David has a ruler .
①变一般疑问句Does David have a ruler ?(注意has变成have)②肯定回答Yes , he does .
③否定回答No , he doesn’t④否定句David doesn’t have a ruler . (注意has变成have)⑤对划线部分提问What does David have? (注意has变成have)
练习：
1.Eric has some nice photos.①变一般疑问句______________________________
②肯定回答______________________③否定回答______________________
④否定句________________________⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________
2.Her friends have many books.
①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________
③否定回答________________④否定句__________________⑤对划线部分提问____________________
3.Our school has a library.
①变一般疑问句______________________________
②肯定回答______________________③否定回答______________________
④否定句________________________⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________
4.Lucy has an orange skirt.
①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________
③否定回答_________________④否定句____________________⑤对划线部分提问_________________ 用法二. Have和has除了意思为“有”外，还可以表示“吃或喝”
1.吃早饭__________
2.吃午饭____________
3.吃晚饭____________
用法三Have也可以和表示某种活动的名词连用，意为“举行”
7.上课_________________ 8.举行生日聚会_______________________
句型转换
1. I have some fish for lunch every day.
①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________
③否定回答______________________④否定句________________________
⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________
2.Lily has apples for dinner.①变一般疑问句______________________________
②肯定回答______________________③否定回答______________________
④否定句________________________⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________
(三) 动词like 的用法
仿照例句句型转换：1.They like ice cream.
①变一般疑问句Do they like ice cream?②肯定回答Yes , they I do .
③否定回答No , they don’t .④否定句they don’t like ice cream .⑤对划线部分提问What do they like ?
2.She likes vegetables. ①变一般疑问句Does she like vegetables? (注意likes变成like)
②肯定回答Yes , she does .③否定回答No , she doesn’t .
④否定句She doesn’t like vegetables (注意likes变成like)⑤对划线部分提问What does she like ?
练习：
1. I like strawberries .①变一般疑问句__________________________②肯定回答____________________
③否定回答__________________④否定句____________________⑤对划线部分提问________________
2 .you like salad.①变一般疑问句________________________②肯定回答______________________
③否定回答__________________④否定句__________________⑤对划线部分提问___________________
3. Lily likes apples .
①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________
③否定回答______________________④否定句________________________
⑤对划线部分提问_____________________________
4. His father likes pears.
①变一般疑问句______________________________②肯定回答______________________
③否定回答__________________④否定句____________________⑤对划线部分提问_________________ 句型转换专项训练
1.Her phone number is 2345167.(提问) ________ ________ phone number?
2.I am Jim Green.(同义句) ______ _______ _______ Jim Green.
3.This is an ID card. (提问) ________ _______ in English?
4.This is Jim’s card. (同义句) _____ _____ is Jim’s.
5.Her family name is Green. (同义句) Her ________ ________ is Green.
6.They are Lucy and Lily. (同义句) _______ _______ ______ Lucy and Lily.
7.My last name is Green and first name is Jim. (同义句) ___________________________.
8.He’s in Class One. (提问) ________ ________ ______ he in?
9.This is a nice flower. (同义句) _______ _______ ______ nice .
10.That’s my pencil case.(变否定句) _______ _______ my pencil case.
11.Is this your dictionary? (变复数句) ______ _______ your _________?
12.Are you a teacher? (做肯定回答) _______ , ______ _______.
13.Five and two is seven. (提问) ________ ________ five and two ?
14.The pencil is blue. (提问) ________ ________ ______ the pencil ?
15.Lily is my friend and Lucy is my friend , too. (同义句) Lucy and Lily _______ _______ ______.
16.This is a girl. (变复数句) ______ _______ ________ girls.
17.These are my friends. (变否定句) _______ _______ my friends.
18.Mrs Green is Kate’s mother. (同义句) Kate is _______ _______ ______ .
19.Those are Tom’s photos. (变单数句) ______ _______ Tom’s photo.
20.Thank you for your photos. (同义句) _______ _______ your photos.
21.Those are Kate’s pens. (同义句) _______ _______ ______ Kate’s .
22.She’s my aunt’s daughter. (变复数句) ______ my aunt’s ________ .
23.That woman’s Jim’s aunt. (提问) ________ ________ that woman ?
24. a , is , family , this , of , photo , David’s(连词成句)___________________________
25.My books are in the bag. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______books in the bag ?
26.His baseball is under the chair. (变复数句) _______ ______ ________ under the chair .
27.Your keys are next to the door. (变单数句)Your______ _______ next to the door.
28.The sweater is on the bed. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ on the bed ?
29.I need a hat. (变否定句) I _______ _______ a hat.
30.There are some apples on the tree. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ apples on the tree ?
31.I know your pen is black. (变否定句) I _______ _______ your pen______ black .
32.Are those bananas green?(做肯定回答) ________ , ________ ________.
33.Some apples are on the bed. (提问) ________ ________ on the bed ?
34.We can see a bird in the tree. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ a bird in the tree ?
35.We have seven classes every day. (变否定句) We _______ _______ seven classes every day .
36.He has two basketballs. (变一般疑问句) ______ ______ ________ two basketballs ?
37.She has a brother. (变复数句) ______ ________ a brother .
38.Is there a map of China in your class? (同义句) _______your class _______ a map of China ?
39.He has a computer game. (变否定句) He _______ _______ a computer game .
40.Mary does homework at home. (变一般疑问句) _______ Mary _______ homework at home?
41.Sue has a sports collection. (变一般疑问句) ______ Sue ______ a sports collection ?
42.I have seven balls. (变否定句) I _______ _______ seven ball.
43.Jim likes sports. (提问) ________ ________ Jim _______ ?
44.Lucy plays the guitar every day. (提问) ________ ________ Lucy play the guitar ?
45.This game is relaxing. (同义句) _______ is _______ ________ game .
46.Terry has eight balls. (提问) ________ ________ balls ________ Terry have ?
47.She has two eggs for breakfast. (提问) ________ ________ she ________ for breakfast ?
48.This is a strawberry . (变复数句) ______ ________ ________ ________.
49.Mother has French fries and ice cream. (变否定句) Mother _______ _______ French fries and ice cream .
50.They don’t like hamburgers. (变一般疑问句) ______ they ______ hamburgers ?
51.Sandra Clark is a famous running star. (提问) ________ ________ Sandra Clark ?
52.The girl likes hamburgers. (提问) ________ ________ hamburgers ?
53.Does he like ice cream?(变肯定句) He ______ ___________.
54.Tom likes salad and ice cream.(变否定句) Tom ______ ______ salad _______ ice cream.
55.My brother plays sports in the morning. (变一般疑问句) ______your brother______ sports in the morning?
56.I want three shirts. (提问) ________ ________ shirts _______ you want?
57.The pants are 38 dollars. (提问) ________ ________ ________ the pants ?
58.Can I help you? (同义句) _______ can I ______ _______ ________?
59.How much is this dress? (变复数句)How much ________ ________ ________?
60.I want to buy a pair of shoes. (提问) ________ ________ you_______ to buy?
61.I like red. (提问) ________ ________ ________ you ________ ?
62.The blue skirt is only 30 dollars. (提问) ________ ________ is only 30 dollars ?
63.Those are my socks. (同义句) ______ _____ are _____.
64.Her birthday is in July. (提问) ________ ________ her birthday ?
65.Susan is 13 years old. (提问) ________ ________ ________ Susan ?
66.We have football game at our school. (提问) ________ ________ you _______ football game ?
67.My aunt is 60 years old. (提问) ________________________________ ?
68.Bob likes music. (变否定句) Bob ______ _______ music .
69.Joe can speak Chinese. (变一般疑问句) ______Joe ______Chinese ?
70.My brother can play the guitar. (提问) ________ ________ your brother ________ ?
71.She can sing.(用dance变选择疑问句) ________ she sing _______ dance?
72.He can help you. (提问) ________ ______help you ?
73.His parents have lunch at 12 o’clock. (提问) ________ ______ _______ his parents have lunch ?
74.He likes math best. (同义句)______ ______ ______ is math.
75.Joe likes Chinese because it’s interesting. (提问) ________ ______ Joe ______ Chinese ?
76.It’s Saturday today. (提问) ________ ______ is it today ?
77.He plays football for two hours. (提问) ________ ______ _______ he play football ?
78.We go and see him.(变祈使句) ______ ______ and see him.
七年级下册英语语法整理
七年级英语下册语法整理 一、可数名词的单数变复数规则（规则变化）: ①绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加s，例如：ｂａｇ—ｂａｇｓ，ａｐｐｌｅ－ａｐｐｌｅｓ； ②以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es。例如：family- families，dictionary- dictionaries； ③在以s，x, sh，ch 结尾的名词后加es。例如：Class- Classes，watch（手表）-watches； ④在以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为ves。例如：wife-wives，leaf-leaves； ⑤以o结尾的名词，有生命的加s，没有生命的加es。例如：piano-pianos，tomato-tomatoes，zoo-zoos。 可数名词的单数变复数（不规则变化）: man-men；woman-women；child-children；chinese- chinese；Japanese- Japanese 二、一般现在时 含义：表反复、经常发生的动作，或存在的状态。 结构：常体现在动词上。当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称复数形式时，动词用原形；当主语是第 三人称单数形式时，动词用三单式。 标志：常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year…,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。 用法：（1）一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态。例如： ①I am a student.我是一个学生。(存在的状态)②He likes． apples.他喜欢苹果。③She has a bike.她有一辆自行车。 这些动词常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year…,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。例如： ④I go to school every day.我每天去上学。⑤He doesn't work on Sundays.他星期天不工作。 （2）表示普遍真理或客观事实。例如：① It is hot in summer.夏天天气热。(普遍真理/客观事实) ②There is a big tree near the house.房子附近有一棵大树。(客观事实) ③The sun rises．(v, 升起)in the east.太阳从东方升起。(普遍真理) (3)表示主语的特征、性格、状态或能力等。例如： ①He is at work now.他现在在工作。（表示主语的状态） ②Do you speak English?你会讲英语吗？（表示主语的能力） ③I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。（表示主语的喜好） (4)表示计划、安排的将来动作，也可用一般现在时。如go,come,leave,arrive, be,start,begin等动词常可以这样使用。例如：①She comes． back tonight.她今晚回来。（现在还未到晚上，她还未回来） ②The metting is at 8:30,don't be late .八点钟开会，别迟到。（会还未开，还没有迟到） 构成:一般现在时由“主语+动词”构成。根据我们的学习内容，把动词分为三类—系动词be（即is，am，are），have
七年级上册英语语法大全(整理版)
七年级上册英语语法 1.介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床上 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2.冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。 1）不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。 a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book； an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 2）定冠词the the可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3、名词所有格名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式： 1）一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 2）如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 3）如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节 4）表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 5）动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s"，而常常用介词of的短语
七年级下英语语法专练
七年级下英语语法专题 一.一般现在时: (一).用所给词的适当形式填空. 1.She ______(go)to school every day. 2.He always______(get) up early . 3.I _________ (play) basketball on Saturdays. 4.We ________ (like)English . 5.He can_________ (swim) . 6.She _______(be) outgoing . 7.Spring _______(come) after winter . 8.There _______(be) 7 days in a week . 9.Light_______(travel) faster than sound. 10.The sun________ (go) down in the west. 11.He must_______ (do) housework on weekends. 12.May I ________(help) you ? 13.Money________(is) not everything. 14.The milk_________(be)in the cup. 15.Everyone_________(be) here. 16.“6”_________(be)a lucky number . 17.“I”_________(be)a letter. (二).句型运用:写出下列句子的①否定形式②一般疑问句③肯\否定回答④特殊疑问句 1.I am 12 2.Ann is from America . 3.We can sing 4.I like playing chess. 5.Kate gets up at 6:30 every morning. 6.My sister does her homework everyday . (三).写出下列词语的第三人称单数形式. Study________fly________wash________teach_________do________go_________ Work_________play________see_________fight________put________discuss_______ Cry_________be___________have________ say_________pass________relax_________ 二.现在进行时. (一).写出下列动词的-ing形式. write___________sit____________take__________Cut___________have___________ shop___________make__________Come_________stop___________put___________ arrive__________get___________begin__________dance_________ leave___________ swim__________run__________play__________go___________fly________________ lie____________die___________clean___________cry_________do_______________
七年级上册英语知识点总结
七年级上册英语知识点总结 Unit1. My name’s Gina. 句型：1, What’s your name? My name’s Jenny. / I’m Jenny. / Jenny. May I have your name? Yes, my name’s Jenny. What’s his/her name? His/Her name’s Tony/Gina. 2, I’m Tony Brown. What’s your full name? My full name/ It is Tony Brown. My first name is Tony. My last name/family name is Brown. 3, What’s your/his/her telephone/phone number? It’s 555-3539.语法：1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的) our(我们的) your(你们的）their(他们的） 后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。 My book is here. This is my book. 2, 主格： I you he/she/ it we you they 在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 am/is/are 及其他动词。 I’m a student. She looks great. Unit2. Is this your pencil? 句型：1, Is this your pencil? Yes, it is. 2, Is this my pen? No, it isn’t. 3, Is that his book? Yes, it is. 4, How do you spell it? = Can you spell it, please? = Spell it, please. 5, Call Alan at 495-3539. Call me/him/her/them. 给我/他/她/他们打电话. Call 4953539 拨打4953539。 Call sb. at + 电话号码拨打……找某人 6, Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 7, a set of keys a set of + 名词复数 语法；1,句中含be(am, is, are)一般疑问句的变法：把be提前，如果句中有my 变your，I 变you，其他的照抄不变。肯定回答 yes, 主语+am/is/are 否定回答 No,主语+am not/aren’t/isn’t.注意：回答时主语如果是物品单数或者this/that的话，用it替代主语，如果是复数人和物品用they替代。 2, be动词的用法口诀；I am, you are, is 他/她/它（he/she/it）,单数is 复数are. Be动词跟随主语的变化而变化。 Unit3. This is my sister. 句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isn’t. Is she your sister? No, she isn’t. 2,This is my friend. These are my friends. That is my brother. Those are my brothers. 3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.
七年级下册英语语法复习题
七年级下册英语语法复习 英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。 (1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如：a man a desk an apple an orange some books s ome children tow pens (2)不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰，但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配，这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的，有单数形式，也可以有复数形式。如：s ome water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink som e glasses of water 2、祈使句 祈使句用来表示请求、命令等，句中没有主语，肯定形式由谓语或者谓语宾语( 宾语补足语)构成，否定形式则在句前加Don’t. Stand up, please. 请起立。 $ Don’t worry. 别担心。 can的用法： can是情态动词，表示“能，会，可以，被允许等”，其后接动词原形，否定形式为cannot，可缩写为can’t. She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。
I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的名字了。 Can you spell your name 你会拼写你的名字吗 3、现在进行时态 ！ 概念：表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作，也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。 结构：由be动词(am, is, are) 动词ing构成，其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。 Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。 --What are you doing now你现在在干什么 --I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。 Are they drawing the pictures now他们正在画画吗 动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的，规则变化如下： 动词ing形式叫动词现在分词，其构成如下： , 1) 直接在动词后加ing play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing 2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking 3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个辅音字母，再加ing
人教版英语七年级上册英语语法
七年级上册英语语法 1．动词be（is,am,are）的用法 我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。 2．this，that和it用法 (1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。 (2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处) That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处) (3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如： This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。 (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如： This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。 (5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如： This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。 (6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如： —Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？ —Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁？ 注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…？/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如： ①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？ —Yes, it is. 是的，它是。 ②—What’s that? 那是什么？ —It’s a kite. 是只风筝。 3．these和those用法 this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。 ①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 ③Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？ 在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如： ④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？ Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。 4．名词＋’s所有格 单数名词后直接加“ ’s ”： Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈 以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”
七年级英语语法练习集锦
现在进行时 一、现在进行时结构---be（am is are）+现在进行时 二、现在分词的构成 1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接-ing．carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking 2. 如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,如come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using． 3. 如果动词只有一个元音字母,而其后跟有一个辅音字母时,将此辅音字母双写,再加-ing如：hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting． 4. 如果动词有两个音节,且重音在第二个音节上,则末尾的辅音字母须双写,再加-ing,如: for’get-forgetting,pre’fer-preferring,up’set-upsetting． 5. 不规则的变化，如lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊变化要记住． 练习：用现在进行时完成下列句子: 1. ______you__________(fly) a kite? Yes,_______. 2. ______you___________(sit) in the boat? 3. ______he_____________(talk) with me? 4. We_______________(play) football now. 5. What_________you__________(do)? 6. I_____________(sing) an English song. 1. Look. Lucy is_____ a new bike today. A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing 2. The children _____ football. A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a 3. They ______TV in the evening. They do their homework. A. are watching B. can’t watching C. don’t watch D. don’t watching 4. Listen! She____ in the classroom. A. is singing B. sing C .to sing D. is sing 5. ______are you eating? I’m eating ______ meat. A. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a 6. Is she ____ something? A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats 12. Don’t make any noise while the students_______ to the class. A. are listening B. listened C. have listened D. had listened 13. Jack and Ketty_______ in the lake. Let’s join them,shall we? A. swim B. have swum C. swam D. are swimming
人教版七年级上册英语语法点及练习
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最新版仁爱七年级英语语法上册下册总结
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