高级英语题型

Lesson One Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ? 1. Rock Superstars 摇滚乐超

级明星rock : rock music , rock ‘ n ‘ roll ( or : rock and roll )摇滚乐早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌( folk )爵士乐( jazz )勃鲁斯歌曲(blues)等的一种音乐,其特征是具有强烈的节奏( rhythm )单纯的旋律( melody )一再重复的歌词和音符的后拍音( after beat )

2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年

的反叛音乐 a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至19 岁的) 青少年的. 其名词形式为teenager: (13至19岁的青少年). b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派. 如; a rebellion against old traditions

对旧传统的反叛.

3. By a man ‘ s heroes ye shall know him . 你将从一个人崇拜的英雄得知其人. a.这句句子的句型与英语中常说的judge a man by the company he keeps(以一个人所交的朋

友断定其为人)很相似. b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌中,是第二人称代词thou的复数. 如: Ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚. (出自%26lt;%26lt;圣

经%26gt;%26gt;)

4. ‘‘ Midnight Rambler ‘‘ : ramble : walk for pleasure漫游,

既可表动词,也可作名词. 如; They rambled through the woods.他们在林中漫步.

5. ... he said , ‘‘ grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners ... ‘‘ a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snstch 急抓,夺取. 如: He jumped up from the table , grabbed his hat and ran out of the door . 他从桌子旁跳了起来,抓起自己的帽子,奔出门去.

另外,grab后面可以跟其他名词或名词短语. 如: grab a shower快速冲了澡, grab a sandwich,胡乱吃了一个三明治, grab a taxi 赶搭出租车. 有时,还可以作不及物动词. 如: He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad . 他设法抓

住这次出国的机会 b. sprinkle : to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 洒液体,撒粉末等(于......上). 如: They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他们在

积水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰. We sprinkle the lawn every day .我们每天给草坪洒水. 以‘‘ sprinkling ‘‘引导的短语是动词的‘‘ - ing ‘‘ 形式作伴随状语. 再如: They stood there , watching the basketball .他们站在那里,观看篮球比赛.

6. They surge to follow him , eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops . a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 如波涛汹涌而至. A crowd surged out of the theater .观众从剧院里蜂拥而出. b. 以形容词‘‘ eager ‘‘引

导的不定式词组在语法功能上起着并列分句的作用.

7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were cruching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center , ... a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (在数字前)大约. 如: some twenty students大约20个学生. b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖声大叫. ‘‘ screaming ‘‘是动词scream的‘‘ - ing ‘‘形式作前置修饰语, ‘‘ screaming fans ‘‘ 意为%26quot;尖声大叫的歌迷%26quot; c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前. 如: The children crunched through the snow .孩子们嘎吱嘎吱地踩着雪走.

8. I ought to be crawling on my knees . a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boye close to the ground爬行. 如; The bus crawled along .公共汽车缓慢地行进. 注意:短语crawl into the favor of one‘s superiors表

示%26quot;卑躬屈膝地讨好上司%26quot;. b. on one‘s knees : 双膝跪地.

9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ? a. feel about : consider , think of 觉得,感到.经常用于疑问句中, 如: How do you feel about the suggestion ?你认为这个建议怎么样? b. adulation 是adulate的名词形式. adulate : flatter or admire excessively过分赞赏,奉承,恭维. 如: One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars. 年轻人为什么如此过分赞赏影星,真让人费解.

10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ? a. draw : atteact 吸引. 如: Some mutual interests draw us together .

一些共同的兴趣把我们吸引到一块了. b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么缘故. 如: Somehow I don‘t like this novel though it is so popular . 这本小说虽然很流行,但不知什么原因我却不喜欢它. c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想. wildest fantasies ,最为

狂妄的奇想.

11. These aren‘t idle questions . idle : of no real worth or purpose 无聊的. 如: idle rumor无聊的谎言.

12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum , a place where ideas clash and crash . a. see ... as ... : consider ... as ...把......看作...... b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛. c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语,后面由where引导的句子是定语从句,修饰 a pla ce. ‘‘ ideas chash and crash ‘‘意

为%26quot;各种思想冲撞%26quot;.

13. ‘‘ The redefinition , ‘‘ Horowitz says ‘‘ is a task uniquely performed by the young...‘‘ ‘‘ uniquely performed by the young ‘‘ 是过去分词短语,用于修饰前面的‘‘a task‘‘.

14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration , ... a.it is .. who ( that ) 是强调句式. b.alone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名词或代词后面)仅,只. His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .仅仅

他的名字就足以吸引一大批观众.

15. ‘‘ Rock music ,‘‘ he says ‘‘ is really a sociological expression r ather than a musical force . ‘‘ rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者.) 比如: He is a poet rather than a novelist .与其说他是小说家,不如说他是诗人. 这里介绍另一个短语or rather,意为more exactly更为确

切地说%26quot;. 如: late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更为确切地说,是今天清晨.

16. It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s . a. 句中的it有the reason的意思, that = be cause . b. embody : give a definite form to具体体现如: The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .这尊塑像表现了雕像家的感情. The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡车的最新式样体现了许多改进的地方.

17. TV network banned him . a. network : a group of radio

or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (广播,电视)广播网 b. ban : prohibit , forbid 禁止. 如: Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止学生阅读色情书刊.

18. Most of the older viewers frowned , while most of the younger viewers applauded . a. frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought 皱眉. 如:听到我说错了答案,他便皱起了眉头. 短语frown on ( upon )表示%26quot;不赞同%26quot;. 如: He frowned upon my plan .他不赞同我的计划. b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation鼓掌喝彩;称赞. 如: The audience applauded wildly .观众热烈鼓掌. c. 连接词while在这里表示对照, 再如: I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜欢书,而我的兄弟则热衷于体

育.

19. The Rolling Stones , arrogant street-fighting men , demanded revolution . arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的. 如; He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他对他的部下太傲慢了.

20. Feelings , always a part of any musical statement , were

a major subject . 这里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位语.

21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate . range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (变动的,可供选择的)范围;幅度. 如: a range of colors to choose from可以选择的一系列颜色; a range of prices from 5 yuan to 50 yuan 从5元到50元不等的各种价格.

22. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to ‘‘ get away from it all , ‘‘ ... urge : an instincitve drive .冲动. 如: I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有一种去欧洲深造的冲动.

23. ...these rock musicians mirror feelings... mirror : reflect 反映. 如: The election result reflects their opinions.选举结果反映了他们的观点.

24. ... where it‘s heading ? head ( for ) : move toward (朝某一方向)前进. 如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他们去丛林深处打猎.

Lesson Eight ：Lesson in Living

1.inedible ：not fit to be eaten 不可食的，不宜食用的

2.swirl ：（cause to ）move or flow at varying speeds ，with twice and turns 涡旋而动，使打旋。如：A gust of wind swirled dust about the streets. 阵风吹起灰

尘弥漫大街。The snow was swirling in the air. 雪花在空中盘旋。

3. … that would have peeled like a plum if snagged.peel：came off in strips or flakes 剥落，脱皮。如：The wall-paper seems to be peeling off. 墙纸看来要剥落了。

4.let alone ：without reference to ，or considering 更不必说。如；He doesn't have money for food，let alone amusements. 他连吃饭的钱都没有，更甭说娱乐了。

5.incessant ：continual ，often repeated ：不断的，不停的。如：incessant chatter 喋喋不休；incessant rain 连绵不断的雨。

6. It would be safe to say that … 可以这么说…如；It would be safe to say that you would get nowhere if you are so lazy .可以这么说，如果你这样懒惰，你将一事无成。

7.pick her way ：慎行。如：pick one's words 精选词语；pick flaws 找碴；pick and steal 小偷小摸；pick and choose 挑三拣四。

8.bear in mind ：remember 记住。如：Please bear in mind that we are friends. 请记住，我们是朋友。

9. Infuse them with。infuse ：fill 灌输。如：The coach infused the team with enthusiasm. 教练给队员注入了热情。They tried to infuse them with new ideas. 他试图给他们灌输新思路。

10. My imagination boggled at the punishment I would deserve…a. boggle ：to overwhelm or bewilder ，as with magnitude or complexity 吃惊，受惊，心惊肉跳b. deserve ：be worthy of … 值得

11. it follows that … （由…推断）结果自然是… .如：From what he said，it follows that he didn't like the girl. 从他所说的推断，自然是他不喜欢那女孩。

12. that in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations.a. 根据上文* ―that‖ 可以理解为in that （即；因为）b. that 后面是倒装句，正常语序应为：The collective …… was couched in those homely sayings.c. homely ：simple ，unpretentious ；commonly known ，familiar 朴素的，不华丽的。如：a homely meal 家常便饭。d. couch ：put （a thought ，etc ，in words ）以某种措词表达。如：They couched criticisms in factual language. 他们用事实的语言表达了

批评。

13. Search …… for the enchantment ……：look through a place carefully in order to find something missing；explore or examine in order to discover 仔细寻找。一般结构为：Search + place + （for）object.如：He searches every drawer for the notebook. 为了找笔记本，他搜遍了每个抽屉。I search my memory for his name. 我努力在记忆中寻找他的名字。

14. Singled …… out：pick or choose （one）from others 单单挑出。如：He singled me out for special mention. 他单单特别提到了我。Why single him out for criticism 为什么就单单批评他

15. take to ：to respond favorably to 开始喜欢，迷上。如：I took to literature long time ago. 我很久以前就迷上文学Why did you take to bowling 你为什么迷上保龄球

16. trail off ：become gradually weaker and fade away （声音等）渐渐消失。如：His voice trailed off into silence. 他的声音慢慢消失，后来什么声音也没有了

Lesson nine

A.Answer the following questions on the text:

1.Why is it difficult for Americans to escape the influence of television?Because they have spent too much time on television . On the average, by the age of 20 they will have been exposed to at least 2,000 hours of television.

2.What other things could a person possibly have done in those hours spent on watching TV ?They could have got their bachelor‘s degree or become astronomers or engineers. They could have learned several languages fluently . They could have read Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. They could also have walked around the world and written a book about it.

3.In what way does TV discourage concentration?Television encourage us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification. It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain.

4.Why is the appeal to the short attention span so important to TV？Because programmers fear of losing anyone‘s attention. They keep everything brief and provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement

in order to not to strain the attention of anyone.

5.What does the author think is wrong with TV news ?It results in inefficient communication. It tends to make things ultimately boring and dismissable.

6.Why does the author say TV is decivilizing ?Because TV tends to cultivate casual assumptions that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought , that verbal precision is an anachronism.

7.Why does the author say that television cannot provide right solutions to human problems ?Because everything about this nation has become more complex. But TV sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions.

8.What do you think is the author‘s purpose in making this speech ?The author finds a lot of TV‘s adverse effects on

America‘s culture. He suggests us to spend less time on TV and do some important and constructive things in this period of time.

B . Translate the following into Chinese :

1.The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.美国人所做的, 比看电视花费更长时

间的只是工作和睡觉.

2.Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort.几乎所有生活中有趣的和有益的事都需要建设性的和不懈的努力。

3.The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything.我们当中最笨的、最没有天赋的人所能做成的事情，在那些从不集中精神做任何事情的人看来简直就是奇迹。

4.It has become fashionable to think that, like fast food, fast ideas are the way to get to a fast –moving, impatient public.它已成为一种很时髦的想法，就像快餐一样，速成观念正是走入高速活动的急躁不安的公众的方法。

5.It may be old –fashioned, but I was taught that thought is words , arranged in grammatically precise ways.这可能有些过时，但我所受的教育是，思想是准确语法排列的语言。

6.And, while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is the cause, I believe it contributes and is an influence.尽管我还不会简单到认为电视是造成这一现象的主要原因，但我认为它起了一定的作用，有一定的影响。

7.When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling ?以前什么时候把

整个国家都交给新闻媒体了呢？

8.If I am wrong, we will have done no harm to look at the issue skeptically and critically, to consider how we should be resisting it.如果我错了，用怀疑和批判的眼光来看这件事，考虑如何抵制它，也不会有什么害处。

C．Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression_r from the box below , changing its form when necessary :The least gifted divert statistically speaking in place

stimulus novelty skeptical anachronism evade expose grammatical assume

1.If discovered, the soldiers hiding down in the valley would be exposed to the enemy ?s fire.

2.Listening to music diverts her after a hard day‘s work.

3.The suspect tried to evade an important question by saying he could not remember.

4.Statistically speaking the number of births and deaths rise and fall in nearly parallel lines.

5.It is an anachronism to speak of Mark Twain as satirizing people watching Television.

6.Under the stimulus of praise , the students will work even harder.

7.Staying up late on the New Year‘s Eve was a novelty to the children , and they enjoyed it.

8.If Mr. Pulman were not a successful lawyer , he would be very much in place as a teacher.

D.Choose the right word or expression_r in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences:

1.The teacher ( allotted , divided ) the children into several small groups for the trip to the Palace Museum.

2.Around mid-night, she received a ( mysterious , miraculous ) phone call from someone she did not know of.

3.Do you think soil samples are ( obtainable , absorbable ) from the Mars by an unmanned aircraft in the near future?

4.She was so dear to him that he still kept her picture in a ( preeminent, prominent ) position on his desk.

5.A soft background music will (enhance, increase ) a delicious meal.

6.He was so disappointed when the manager said that his plan was completely ( dismissable , disposable ).

7.The baby –sitter kept the kids ( accompanied , company ) until we got back from the theater.

8.will the financial ( reverse , adverse ) prevent you from taking a holiday this summer ?

E . Explain the underlined words in English:

1.The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour…｜A person guides us to different places all the time

2.In short, a lot of television usurps one of the most precious of human gifts …｜Wrongfully takes one of the most valuable talents of human being.

3.The surest way to avoid doing so is … not to strain the attention of anyone …｜not to exert anyone‘s all attertion

4.Consider the casual assumptions that television tends to cultivate :…｜TV intends to make some undersigned assumptions

5.…General Sarnoff , or one of the other august pioneers of video …t｜he majestic explorer on TV

6.I think the technique fights coherence｜.the way destroys consistency

7.And , while I wound not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is the cause …｜I would not be simple –minded

to think

8.Literacy may not be an inalienable human right …｜The ability to read and write is not the human right that can‘t be taken away.

F. Translate the following into English :

人们的注意力跨度很短，因此,为抓住观众的注意力，电视必须通过多样化/新奇性和动作不断地提供刺激。这样做的结果是，新闻过于简短，不能提供有效的交流；很多新闻节目就像―机关枪发射碎片‖，破坏了思维的连贯性。这种迎合注意力跨度短的做法，还会降低文化水平。避免了复杂性，也就牺牲了思考。成年美国人中―功能性文盲‖人数不断增长，他们甚至不知道如何回答招聘广告或读懂药瓶上的说明，电视对此起码应负一部分责任。People have a short attention span . So in order to capture the viewer‘s attention , television must provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. The result of doing so is that news is too brief and results in inefficient communication. Many news programs are like

― machi ne –gunning with scraps ―and fight coherence of mind. The appeal to the short attention span will decivilize as well. To avoid complexity means to give up thinking. The "functionally illiterates " among adult Americans are continually increasing. They even do not know how to answer the want ad. Or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle. At least television should be responsible for part of it.

G.write a short passage of 150-200 words on the topic ― Do You Think Television Is Decivilizing or Enlightening ? You should cover the following points :

1.A statement of your points;

2.two arguments;

3.a supporting example for each argument.

Do you Think Television Is Decivilizing or Enlightening Television is very popular in our daily life.

An investigation shows that the only things Americans do more than watch TV are work and sleep. So it is very difficult to escape the influence of television.

Just as each coin has two sides, the television has both advantages and disadvantages. It depends on how you use it. If we don‘t use it properly, it will have bad impact on us, such as decivilizing people. People will have less concentration and just use it for a musement. People have calculated what can use that time to get a bachelor‘s degree, or learn several languages fluently or walk around the world and write a book about it.

On the other hand, if we make good use of TV, we can benefit a lot of from it. Some programs on TV can broaden our views and give us more knowledge. we can know more things about the world. We are enlightened by the television. Lesson Ten The Tenth Man

A. Answer the following questions on the text:

1. Where and when did the story take place?The story took place in a cell at three the next afternoon.

2. What had happened to two German soldiers and a French girl?They were murdered.

3. What did the Germans decide to do as retaliation?They decided to shoot three Frenchmen in the camp as a retaliation（报复,报仇）.

4. Did anyone volunteer to die?No, No one volunteered.

5. What did they finally agree to do in order to choose three men to be killed next morning?They agreed to draw lots to choose three men to be killed next morning.

6. Who got the three death draws?Voisin, Lenotre and Chavel got the three death draws.

7. How differently did they act when they got the death draws?Voisin gazed at it with astonishment. He sat down and felt for a cigarette, but when he got it between his lips he forgot to light it.

Lenotre sat down against the wall next to Voisin and drew out a writing pad to write home.

Chavel threw the slip upon the ground and cried. Then he implored others to die for him. He would give a hundred thousand francs to the person who would die for him.

8. What did Chavel decide to do to save his life?He decided to implore another man to die for him and give him a hundred thousand francs.

B. Translate the following into Chinese:

1. He spoke abruptly so as to give the impression of a strength he did not possess.他讲话很突然, 想给人一种气力很足的印象, 而实际上没有丝毫气度。

2. The clerk prepared the draw, sacrificing for it one of his letters from home.老职员牺牲了一封家里来信，开始准备签。

3. They shuffled the pieces on the floor and then dropped them into the shoe.他们把这些纸条在地上混合起来，放入鞋中。

4. One couldn‘t mock the condemned man by any sign of relief.没有人用得到宽慰的任何表示来使将要被枪毙的人失望。

5. ….and a sense of grievanc e nagged at his mind when the tenth man had drawn.当第十个人抽完后，一种怨恨感困扰着他。

6. This time chavel felt no joy even though the elusive (难以捉摸的)odds were back again overwhelmingly in his favor at fifteen to one.尽管他抽到死签的可能性是15比1，对他极为有利此时查维尔没有感到一点儿高兴。

7. From that point the odds seemed to move toward Chavel with a dreadful inevitability.从那时开始，死签对于查维尔来说越来越可怕，越来越不可避免。

8. He drew one out of the shoe and then feeling certain that this one had been willed on him by his companions and contained the penciled cross he threw it back and snatched another.他从鞋中抽出一张，感到这张是他的同伴的意志强加给他的，带有铅笔划的十叉，又把它扔了回去，抓了另一张。

C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression_r from the box below, changing its form when necessary:

Delude

beforehand compassionate daunt implore legible odds overdone shuffle sum

up undo unfasten

1. You are deluding yourself if you think you can change his character by just teaching him a lesson.

2. The statistics show that the odds of getting killed in a plane crash are around a million to one.

3. The conclusion sums up all his investigation and arguments about the deplorable (糟透的)state of economy in that country.

4. The captured Japanese soldier implored the villagers to spare his life.

5. A caring, compassionate man, he is always ready to give and forgive.

6. What is done can not be undone.

7. He was daunted by the difficult examination questions and was at a loss how to answer them.

8. Could you please let me know your itinerary (旅程; 行程) in Kunming beforehand so that I can make necessary arrangements?

D. Choose the right word or expression_r in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences:

1. The (distribution, allotment) of funds to these universities is decided by the Ministry of Education.

2. The employees are openly (contemptuous, contemptible) of their corrupt manager.

3. The gardener was asked to cut the bushes (even, equal) with the fence.

4. His handwriting was so tiny that it was hardly (readable, legible).

5. The (shameful, shameless) family secret was brought to light.

6. The bus came to a (quick, abrupt) stop , and some passengers lost their balance .

7. Mary aired her (grievances, grief) at not being treated fairly by the salesperson.

8. He felt (daunted, discouraged) by the enormous difficulties involved in completing the construction of the airport in one year.

E. Explain the underlined words in English:

1…..while our men work and fight. ｜our German officers and soldiers.

2. We are quite indifferent as to which three. ｜don‘t care about which three people.

3. They have responsibilitie s …｜burndens, duties

4. We are going the wrong way about all this. ｜we do wrongly about the whole thing.

5. this is the last gamble some of us will have ｜.the last time to draw lots.

6. It was like a constriction｜.a feeling of being constricted

7. …and they didn‘t at first eve attach the idea of cowardice to his actions.｜think his behavior as a coward

F. Translate the following into English:

一天晚上，两名德国军人被法国人打死。第二天，一名德国军官向30名法国囚徒宣布：―我命令你们从每10名囚徒中选出一人，明天被处死。也就是说，你们这30人中明天要有三人去死。至于哪三个人，我们不在乎。这由你们自己决定。‖

囚徒们对谁应该去死展开了激烈的争论。有的人说，老的应该先死，这是自然规律。有人说未婚者应先死，因为他们没有家庭责任。最后，大家一致同意用抽签的办法决定哪三个人去死。一名富有的律师不幸抽中了死签。他说：―谁要是愿意为我去死，我愿意支付他10万法朗。‖ One night, two German military officers were murdered by Frenchmen. The next day, a German officer declared to thirty French prisoners, ―My order is that one man in every ten shall be selected and shot tomorrow. That is to say, three of you thirty people will die tomorrow. We are indifferent as to which three. You can choose for yourselves.‖

The prisoners had a heated discussion about who should die. Someone said the old people should go first. This was the way of nature. Some people said the unmarried should go first because they had no responsibilities. At last, all consented to drawing lots to decide which three went to die.

A rich lawyer unfortunately got the death draw. He said, ―I ?ll give a hundred thousand francs to anyone who will die

for me . ‖

G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topic ―The Death Draw.‖ you should cover the following points:

1. The orders of the German officer;

2. the discussion of who should die;

3. the reaction of the three men who had drawn the death lots .

The Death Draw

It was three in the afternoon. A German officer came into the cell. He said there had been murders cast might in the town. So three men would be shot in this camp. The funeral rites would begin at seven the next morning.

After the German officer made the order, the people in the camp began to discuss who should go to die. Some suggested volunteers. Some suggested going by ages

----------the oldest first. Some thought the unmarried should go to die. At last they all agreed to draw lots. And everyone must draw lots. So the clerk prepared the draw, using one of his letters from home. Then he tore it into thirty pieces. He made a cross in pencil on three pieces. At last they decided

to draw in alphabetical order.

Voisin was the first to draw the death lots. He sat down and felt for a cigarette, but when he got it between his lips he forgot to light it. Then Lenotre drew the second slip. He went over to his roll of bedding and drew out a writing pad. Then he sat down next to Voisin and began to write. Chavel was the cast. He implored others to die for him. He would like to give a hundred thousand francs to the person who was willing to die for him.

Lesson 11 On Getting Off to Sleep

1. Surely, humor is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation.

2. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell, each with its appropriate imagery and expression_r. Nothing stands between me and half-a-dozen imperishable masterpieces but pens, ink, and paper.

Nothing stands between A and B means there are no barriers between them.

3. If it be true that our thoughts and mental images are perfectly tangible things, like our books and pictures, to the inhabitants of the next world, then I am making for myself a better reputation there than I am in this place.

4．It is not so with me, to whom sleep is a coy mistress, much given to a teasing inconsistency and for ever de-manding to be wooed—"lest too light winning make the prize light".

翻译：一个忸怩的情妇爱以反复无常挑逗男人，让男人不停的向她求爱。

―To be given to something‖ means to tend to do something, especially something that one should not do.

Lest too light winning make the prize light-For fear that if something is won too easily, if won‘t be

treasured/appreciated.

―Lest‖ means ―for fear that‖: The husband stopped beating his wife lest she sue him for divorce.

5. I must confess that I always suspect the men who boast that they unvaryingly fall asleep as soon as they get into bed— those "as soon as my head touches the pillow" fellows. To me, there is something inhuman, something callous and almost bovine, in the practice. I suspect their taste in higher matters. Iron wills apart, there must be a lack of human sympathy or depth in a man who can thus throw off, with his clothes, his waking feelings and thoughts, and ignore completely those memories and fancies which

...will sometimes leap,

From hiding-places ten years deep.

6. To share a bedroom with one of these fellows is to lose one's faith in human nature, for, even after the most eventful day; there are no comparing notes with them, no midnight confidence, no casting up the balance of the day's pleasure and pain. They sink, at once, into stupid, heavy slumber, leaving you to your own mental devices. And they all snore abominably!

7. Discussing the question, some times ago, with an old friend, she gave me her never-failing remedy for sleeplessness, which was to imagine herself performing some trivial action over and over again, until, her mind becoming disgusted with the monotony of life, sleep drew the curtain.

8. ―There is promise in this, and we all have our Mr. H. whose talk, bare of anything like fancy and wit, acts upon us like a dose of laudanum . This very night I will dismiss such trivial phantasies as jumping sheep and crooked pictures, and evoke the phantom (ghost) of a crushing, stupendous Bore.

III. Keys to exercises

A.Answer the following questions on the text:

1.What does the author think about the power of humor?

In his opinion, humor is the saving grace of us, for without it we should die of vexation.

6.How does the author think about the matter of sleep?

With him, nothing illustrate the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep.

8.What does the author think is the best way of inducing sleep?

The best way it to dismiss trivial phantasies and evoke the phantom of a crushing, stupendous Bore.

B.Translate the following into Chinese

1.What a bundle of contradicitons is a man!人是矛盾的集合体!

2.Our thoughts and mental images are perfectly tangible things.我们的思想与头脑中的意象完全是有形的东西.

3.I used to read, with wonder, those sycophantic stories of the warlike supermen...过去我常常带着惊叹阅读那些吹捧好战的超人故事.

4.The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion, and are only alike in their ineffectuality.人为的吹眠法很多,但他们仅在一点上相同,即都不灵.

5.When her mind became disgusted with the monotony of life, sleep drew the curtain.当他的脑子对这种单调的生活感到厌烦时,睡眠就会拉上帷幕.

6.Her favorite device was to imagine a picture not hanging quite plumb uponthe wall, and then to proceed to straighten it.他最喜欢的方法就是想象墙上有一副没有挂好的画,然后想着去扶正它.

7.But i have not yet given up all hope of finding some way of hastening the approach of sleep.但我至今没有放弃,要以某种方式找到快速入睡法的希望.

8.This very night i will dismiss such trivial phantasies as jumping sheep and crooked pictures.今夜,我将不再做诸如跳羊和挂正歪画等那些毫无价值的想象.

IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression_r from the box below, changing its form when necessary.

1. He clenched his fists ready to defeng himself.

2. I felt greatly refreshed after drinking a glass of iced water.

3. The newly-recruited soldier was asked to straighten his hat.

4. The mother remonstrated with her son about his behavior.

5. The villagers searched the whole area for the missing child, but it was of no avail.

6. 1949 is a(n) eventful year to China.

7. The commander-in-chief meditaed for three days before making the final decision.

8. The blacks suffered from inhuman racial discrimination.

D.Choose the right word or expression_r in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences:

1. There is a (contrariness, contradition) between what he says ans what he does.

2. It was in the (dark,dim) light of the early dawn that i saw

a man moving towards me.

3. The poor, sick man is (abused, tormented) by the policeman's endless interrogation.

4. Too much food (induces, tempts) sleepiness.

5. He (wondered, meditated) for a whole week before making that important decision.

6. A(n) (literal, exact) translation is not always the best.

7. The author declares that the plot and characters of the novel are (imaginary, imaginative).

8. We walked for miles along the (twisted, crooked) path in the forest.

E.Explain the underlined words in English.

1. with me, nothing illustrates the contrariness of things...｜that things are contradictory

2. Even then, i proceed half-heartedly, in a kind of dream.｜go on with little interest.

3. ...to whom sleep is a coy mistress, much given to a teasing inconsistency...｜changeable tantalizing

4. Fascinating subjects and noble ideas come pell-mell.｜come quickly in a disorderly way

5. ...and command the immediate presence of sleep. ｜existence

6. Taking these fables to heart, i would resolve to do likewise... ｜Remembering these stories, i decided to do the same...

7. who would want to remonstrate and argue with them? ｜protest

8. But i have not yet given up all hopes of finding some way of hastening the approach of sleep.｜falling sleep quickly F. Translate the following into English.

Some people fall asleep as soon as their heads touch the pillow. Some other people can not fall asleep although they have been lying in bed several hours, the more he wants to sleep, the more wakeful he is. i belong to the latter. when i write an article, i feel an overpowering desire for sleep. but when i get to bed, i can do anything but sleep. i can compose great symphonies, paint magnificent pictures, ans write very good essays. the artificial ways of of inducing sleep are legion, but they are only alike in their ineffectuality. when i can't go to sleep at night, i imagine a dislogue with a friend till i either laugh or fall asleep, i find this is a good way of hastening the approach of sleep.