(完整版)从句连接词判断方法
从句就相当于一个形容词，而且从句前面一定有一个先行词，从句必有缺少的成分（主语，宾语，状语）。如果先行词在从句做主语，则用which / that / who（人）如果先行词在从句做宾语，则用
which/ that/ who（人） /whom（人）或者不填引导词如果先行词在从句做状语，时间用when ，地点用where 。
定语从句及相关术语：
1. 定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有where, when, why 等。关系词常有 3 个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom 作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘??的'表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语
也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。先行词：被限制或修饰的主句的主语。
（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）
1. that 既可代表事物也可代表人，which 代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg ：this is the book （which ）you want 。]
而且，如果which 在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2. which 作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢
3. 代表物时多用which ，但在带有下列词的句子中用that 而不用which ，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none 等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修
饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时或先行词就是序数词或最高级时. 以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which 时, 都只能用that
4. who 和whom 引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. whose 是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以
修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。二、关系副词（在句中作状语）关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which （介词同先行词搭配）
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which ( 介词同先行词搭配)
1. where 是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。
2. when 引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“ time" 一词的定语从句只用when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that 引导。
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush
etc 。
3. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything 或nothing 时，常用there is 来引导
There is somebody here who wants to speak to you. 这里有人要和你说话。
(二)非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which 引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2. 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经
是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂
亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三
人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，
这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
4. 有时as 也可用作关系代词
5. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用关系副词why 和关系代词that ，而用who, whom 代表人，用which,whose 代表事物.；
(三)关系代词引导的定语从句
1. who 指人在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (注：who和whom 已无太大区别，可以通用。)
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替，可省略。如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom 或who. 比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who. 比如: He is the man who has an English book.
3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that 指人时，相当于who 或者whom ；指物时，相当于which 。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
(四)注意介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时从句常由介词+ 关系代词引导
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) We ' ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) We ' ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we hav e often talked.
注意： 1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of 等
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T ＝正确)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F ＝错误)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom ，不可用who 或者that ；指物时用which ，不能用that ；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)
(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)
(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few 等代词或者数词
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 关系代词
关系代词(一般情况下) that 可用who ,whom 和which 在从句做主语，谓动词的宾语，但是不能做介词的宾语
which 指物，在从句中作主语，谓语或宾语；
who 在从句中作主语；
whom 在从句中宾语；where 在从句中修饰表地点的名词，做地点状语；when 在从句中通常修饰表时间的名词，做时间状语；why 在从句中做原因状语，先行词通常是"reason" 有时why 也可用for+which 代替。
例： A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 先行词主语谓语宾语定语从句修饰先行词
(五)关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don ' t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+ 关系代词”引导的从句替换
（1） The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
（2） From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. （3） Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.
（六）判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，如：不及物动词后面无宾语，则要求用关系代词。例
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.
（对）I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when 联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的
误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状) ，也能正确选择出关系
代
词/关系副词。例 1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
例 2. Is this the museum __ the exhibition was held?
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one 答案：例 1 D，例 2 A
例 1 变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 例 2 变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句 1 中，is 后应跟表语，只有the one 可以，而后面的you visited a few days ago 则做one 的定语从句。
而句 2 中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where ，又因in the museum 词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选 A 。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。
（七）介词+ 关系词
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that 前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+ 关系词"结构可以同关系副词
when ,where 和why 互换。This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.
（八）先行词和关系词二合一
1）Whoever spits in public will be punished here. （Whoever 可以用anyone who 代替） 2）The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. （what 可以用all that 代
替）但这两句句子已经不是定语从句了，是名词性从句。因为定语从句一定要有先行词，而名词性从句没有。将“ Whoever”、“ what ”分别用“ Anyone who ”、“ all that ”代替后，才是定语从句，先
词分别是“ Anyone”、“ all ”。
（九）as,which 引导的非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as 和which 可代整个主句，相当于and this 或and that 。As 一般放在句首，which 在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 典型例题
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it
B. that
C. which
D. he
答案 C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用that 修饰，而用which. ，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he 句意不通。
2) The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. it
答案B。
which 可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what 不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it 不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
3) ________________________ It rained hard yesterday, prevented me from going to the park..
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. it
答案 B.
as 和which 在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which 不可。
(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which. 。
在本题中，prevent 由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。
As 的用法例
1. the same ?as ；such ?中as的as 是一种固定结构, 和??一样??。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
例 2. as 可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As 是关系代词。例 1 中的as作know 的宾语；
例 2 中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know 要用被动式。
一、“ as / which 特”殊定语从句的先行成分
1. 形容词或形容词短语作先行成分, 具有形容词意义的介词短语也可以充当先行成分，如：
My grandmother 's house was always of great importance to me, as my own is. 在一定的语言环境里，有些名词可以具有形容词的性质。这些名词主要是那些表示人的身份、职业、状态的名词。值得一提的是，在这些具有形容词性质的名词之后，引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who / whom.
2. 动词短语先行成分这种动词短语既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。如果是动态动词短语，它们在从句中就一般有限定或非限定形式的替代动词do 和as / which 一起代替。do 可以出现，也可以不出现，但不能用其它动词代替。
注：what 不属于关系代词或关系副词，常用于宾语从句。
状语从句(9种
1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard. 地点状语从句 §4地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place) 地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如： 句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。 【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。 They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。 You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民得解放。 句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。
英语中定语从句的基本用法(一)
英语中定语从句的基本用法(一) 摘要]本文通过实例浅析了英语中定语从句的基本 用法,如有不当之处,望大家批评指正。 关键词]定语从句用法宾语主语 英语,作为一门学科,每天有很多人在其中徜徉,可是也有 很多人虽为它倾注了很多精力却依然觉得举首无措?的确,在 英语中有很多的学问,需要我们去了解和掌握,下面就其中的某 个方面——定语从句,通过实例,分析一下它的基本用法,和大 家一起学习。 在句子中用作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句通常位 于它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语 从句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语和定语等等;关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。 I.由关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that引导的定 语从句。 i.who代替人,在从句中作主语。 e.g.Amanwhodoesn’ttrytolearnfromotherscannot hopetoachievemuch. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 ii.whom代替人,在从句中作宾语,通常可以省略。 e.g.Theengineerwhomwemetyesterdayhaveworked outanewautomaticdevice. 我们昨天碰到的工程师研制出了一种新型的自动化装置。 iii.whose代替人或物,在从句中作定语。 e.g.MadamCurieisagreatscientistwhosenameis knownallovertheworld. 居里夫人是一位世界闻名的伟大科学家。Theyliveinthehousewhosedoorandwindowsareall broken. 他们住在一间门窗都已破败不堪的房子里。 iv.which代替物,在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语。作宾 语时,通常可以省略。 e.g.Adirectcurrentisacurrentwhichflowsinone directiononly. 直流电是沿着一个方向流动的电流。Themusictowhichwelistenedlastnightwaswrittenby myfather. 我们昨晚欣赏的音乐是由我父亲写的。 v.that代替人或物。在从句中作主语或宾语,但不能作介 词宾语。作宾语是通常可以省略。 e.g.HeistheonlyoneamongusthatknowsEnglish. 他是我们中间唯一懂英语的人。ThecarthatalmostcrashedintomebelongedtoBrown.
高中英语名词性从句 which的用法
一、在名词从句中连接词which 有两种词性, 常用来引导宾语从句： 1. [连接代词] 哪个 1）用作从句的主语，如： He wanted to know which was on the table. 他想知道哪一个在桌子上。 2) 用作从句的宾语，如： He asked me which I liked best. 他问我最喜欢哪一个。 2. [连接形容词]放在名词前作定语，表示“哪个XX，哪些XX”，如： Do you wnow Which country is the largest? 你知道哪国家一个最大? Could tell me which children made him still more angry. 能告诉我那些 孩子使他更加生气了。 二、which 除引导上述宾语从句外，还可以引导主语从句和表语从句。 1. 主语从句(常用形式主语it) It was clear which children made him still more angry. 显而易见那些孩子使他更加生气了。 It is known to us which he liked best. 众所周知他最喜欢哪一个。 2. 表语从句 That was which children made him still more angry. 那就是那些孩子使他更加生气了。 This is which he liked best. 这就是他最喜欢哪一个。 三、which 与what 的区别 用在名词从句中，which 意思是“哪一个/那一些”，what 意思是“所...的”，后者等于“先行词+关系代词”，如你的补充问题就需要选择what： It's quite different from what I read last month. = It's quite different from (the one that) I read last month. 这本书与我上周所读过的那一本区别很大。 1.that在所有名词性从句中无成分无意义。 2.which强调哪一个，有一个选择的范围。 从句中from后边缺宾语，所以要选择的是宾语从句的引导词，首先that引导宾语从句时，不做介词宾语（除了in,except,but) 其次read后边缺宾语，也就是从句中缺成分，参见上面第一条，所以排除that.B选项which指哪一个，这里
状语从句连词总结
状语从句连词总结 1 时间状语从句： when当……时候 while 当……时候（动词只能是延续性动词） as当……时候（经常表示一边……一边……） after/before在……之后/之前 until/till直到……（即某一持续性行为持续到某一时间点） since/ever since自从……（即子某一时间点以来，常用完成时态或完成进行时） 名词性短语the time the moment the minute the day the year the first/second time each time每次every time每次next time下次any time在任何时候whenever不管什么时候 by the time到……时候（即指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态） 一……就……as soon as once immediately directly instantly 还没来得及……就……hardly……when no sooner……than as long as长达…… 非时间状语从句：动词ing形式；at……形式；on doing/on sth形式 2地点状语从句 where在哪里，在什么地方 wherever无论在哪里 anywhere无论何处everywhere 到处，处处nowhere 无处，任何地方都无 to/in/from the place（s）where或to/in/from any place where 3原因状语从句 because（语气最强）因为，多置于主句之后 as（语气最弱）因为，多置于主句之前 since语气较弱，常表示对方已知的事实，相当于“既然” now （that）既然 for the reason that因为（that引导的是同位语从句，先行词为reason） in that由于某种原因，多用于书面语 seeing that因为，鉴于 4目的状语从句 in order that以便 so （that）为了 for fear that惟恐，以防 in case以防万一有某种情况发生 5结果状语从句 so （that）所以 so……that……结构 such……that……结构
定语从句及其引导词用法
一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1．作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3．作定语用whose, 如： (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) 4．作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. （二）关系副词的用法： 1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill. 2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room,
(完整版)从句连接词判断方法
从句就相当于一个形容词， 而且从句前面一定有一个先行词， 从句必有缺少的成分（主语，宾语，状语）。 如果先行词在从句做主语，则用which / that / who(人) 如果先行词在从句做宾语，则用which/ that/ who(人) /whom(人)或者不填引导词 如果先行词在从句做状语，时间用when，地点用where。 定语从句及相关术语： 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 先行词：被限制或修饰的主句的主语。 （一）限定性定语从句 一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语） 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：this is the book （which）you want。]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 二、关系副词（在句中作状语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
状语从句连词意思总结
状语从句连词意思总结：1.一旦 once 2.…的时候 the moment 3.一/ 刚…就… （三个表 达） as soon as, hardly…when…, no sooner…than 4.每当(三个表达) whenever, each / every time 5.直到… until 6.直到…才…not…until… 7.无论哪里 wherever 8.在…的地方 where 9.就是因为、仅仅是因为just / only because 10.是因为… (用强调句型 表示) It is / was because / because of… that… 11.不是因为…而是因为…not because…but because 12.既然(两个表达) since, now that 13.由于(三个表达) as, seeing / considering that 14.因为…的原因 for the reason that… 15.因为、由于…的事实 (三个表达) because of / due to / owing to the fact that… 16.如此…以致于… (两个 表达) so…that, such…that 17.因此(结果)、为了/ 以便(目的) (两个表 达) so that, that 18.为了/ 以便 in order that 19.以防(目的) 、万一(条 件) in case 20.以免，唯恐(两个表达) lest, for fear that 21.除非 unless 22.只要(两个表达) as / so long as 23.尽管、虽然(三个表达) though, although, even though 24.即使、纵然、就算、哪 怕 even if 25.as, though解释为“虽 然”的倒装结构 n. / adj. / adv. + as / though + S + V v. + as / though + S + 情态动 词 26.无论什么 whatever = no matter what 27.无论谁 whoever = no matter who 28.无论哪一个 whichever = no matter which 29.无论怎样 however = no matter how 30.无论…还是… whether…or… = no matter whether…or… 31.好像，仿佛(两个表达) as if, as though 32.与…一样… (两个同级 比较结构) as…as…, the same (height / size / age / width / depth) as 33.在…当中最… (最高程 度表达) the + -est + 比较范围 34.比任何其他的…要更 加…(最高程度表达) -er + than + any other + sing n., -er + than + any of the other + pl. n. 35.没什么与…一样…(最高 程度表达) 否定词+ as…as 36.没什么比…更加…(最高 程度表达) 否定词+ -er 37.没有/ 不如…那样… (两个较低程度比较) not as / so…as…, less + 原级 + than 38.在…当中最不… (最低 程度比较) the least + 原级+ 比较范 围 39.越来越… -er and –er, more and more + 原级 40.越…越… the + -er…the + -er 41.与…一样不… no + -er + than 42.…不比…更 not + -er + than 43.与其说…不如说… more…than… 44.超过；不仅仅；非常 more than 45.while做连词的三个意 思 当…；虽然，尽管(放句首)； 然而(引导并列句) 46.as做连词的六个意思 当…；一边…一边…；随着…； 由于；虽然(有特殊的倒装 结构)；如同，像
定语从句的基本用法
定语从句的基本用法 先请认真阅读下列各句，下列各句中的黑体部分均为该句所包含的定语从句： 1.This is the teacher who played basketball with us yesterday. 2.Tom is the boy whom they are looking for. 3.The house , which they built last year looks very new. 4.Physics is the most interesting subject that we learnt in the middle school. 从以上各句中我们可以看出定语从句是用来修饰它前面的名词或代词的，它起着修饰或限定作用。当然定语从句也可以用来修饰一个句子，在此我们不作讨论。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句所修饰的词是一个、一些或一类特定的人或事物，一般不能省略，拿掉后剩下的部分则没有意义，或者表述不清。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，拿掉以后剩下的部分仍然可以成立，常常用逗号将其隔开。例如： This is the place where the Chinese Communist Party was founded. 此句中的定语从句是限制性定语从句。如果拿掉则This is the place.一句没有意义。 This message was left by Xiao Wang, who telephoned you just now. 此句中的定语从句是非限制性定语从句。如果拿掉则This message was left by Xiao Wang,一句仍有意义。 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词称为关系代词或关系副词。常见的关系代词和关系副词有who, whom,that,whose,which,where,when,why等。现在我们侧重讨论如何使用这些关系代词和关系副词。如果关系代词在从句中作主语时一般不能省略，而作宾语时一般可以省略。 一，关系代词who, whom的用法。 1.who可以代替人（即它的先行词必须表示人），在从句中可以担任主语。也可以在 从句中担任宾语，但是它的前面不能带介词，如果带介词则必须使用宾格whom。 whom在从句中只能担任宾语。例如： a)This is the teacher who often tells us interesting stories in class. b)Mary is the girl who/whom Tom wants to marry. c)Mrs White is a teacher whom every student likes. d)She is the girl with whom I will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.在定语从句中当先行词表示人时who和that是通用的。例如： a)Miss Green is the new teacher who/that teaches us spoken English. b)John’s father is an engineer who/that came to see him last Wednesday. 但在下列情况下则宜用who 而不用that。
状语从句类型及相似连词的用法区别
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名词性从句的概念以及四类引导词的用法
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