高三英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(人物故事)(及答案)

高三英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(人物故事)(及答案)

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．阅读理解

PTSD(战后创伤) is sadly a common affliction(折磨) for many soldiers who have witnessed conflict, an invisible wound that continues to cause incredible suffering long after the guns have fallen silent.

"A lot of us come home without realizing we are bringing the war home with us," said Josh Marino, a veteran (退伍兵)of the Iraq war who suffered the effects of PTSD of suicide .

"I didn't want to deal with it anymore," Marino said. He wrote a goodbye note, grabbed a knife and went outside for a final cigarette in the rain. But then, from the deepest depth of despair came hope. Meowing out of the bushes next to him came a stray black and white kitten (小猫) which, according to Marino, "just walked up and started rubbing up against my leg and let me pet him. I came to life again and I broke down crying. I burst into tears."

From this accidental encounter everything changed. Marino found a new purpose in life through the friendly cat, who he named Scout, and who he credits with saving his life. "I stopped thinking about all my problems, and started thinking about all his problems, and what I could do to help him, "Marino said. The bond between them was instant，but that wasn't the end of the story.

Marino has made a video of his and Scout's remarkable story of healing and heartbreak which you can watch on the Internet. The story is dedicated to showing how animals can help humans through tough times, as well as humans can help them. It is a beautiful story that is sure to tug at your heart strings, showing just how powerful the bond between humans and animals can be. We love it, and we hope you do too!

（1）What can we get from the first two paragraphs?

A. Taking part in the Iraq war had bad effects on Josh Marino.

B. Josh Marino wounded badly during the Iraq war.

C. PTSD is a kind of disease which cannot be cured now.

D. PTSD usually happens after the soldiers drop their guns.

（2）Why did Josh Marino suddenly burst into tears according to the passage?

A. He just couldn't help crying.

B. The little cat gave him hope to treasure life.

C. The wild little cat attacked him so badly.

D. He suddenly realized that the cat came to help him on purpose.

（3）What is the best title for the passage?

A. PTSD- a disease cured by a soldier.

B. The man and the cat.

C. A rescue between a soldier and a cat.

D. How can a cat be used to stop suicide

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记述文，退伍军人Marino患上了PTSD(战后创伤)，在他准备自杀时一只小猫出现寻求他的抚摸，小猫的出现给了他生活的希望，改变了他的生活。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Josh Marino, a veteran of the Iraq war who suffered the effects of PTSD of suicide”可知Marino参加了伊拉克战争，战后患上了PTSD，并因为PTSD的影响想自杀。这说明参加伊拉克战争对Marino产生了不好的影响，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Meowing out of the bushes next to him came a stray black and white kitten (小猫) which，….I broke down crying. I burst into tears.”可知在Marino 准备自杀的时候，一只小猫从灌木丛走出来蹭他的腿,让他抚摸自己。这让他又活了过来并哭了。由此可以推断小猫的出现给了他生活的希望，他因此而哭泣。故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了小猫的出现给了想要自杀的退伍军人Marino生活的希望，拯救了Marino, C项（士兵与小猫之间的救赎）最能体现本文大意，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

On Wednesday, January 13th, I performed on stage for the first time. As someone who takes part in so many activities, it's extremely difficult to find the time to be a part of any production. For me, it was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to try acting through the Senior Play Project.

Auditions (试镜)came first. They weren't particularly difficult, more to see who may be a better fit tor certain roles. We were told our roles in the various plays, and started to work immediately.

I was unsure of how I was as an actor, and I had to learn a lot fast: actions, my place in the story, my reactions, and countless other small details... As I began to improve as an actor, I was able to understand my characters better.

My first character is a man named Roger who is a senior advisor to a presidential candidate in a play called "The Spot." He's a short-tempered guy who says what he wants and takes what he wants to assist his candidate in today's tough political races. He's on the set of The Spot, an advertisement for the candidate, to make sure everything runs smoothly and that any problems are dealt with quickly and efficiently.

While I had really interesting characters, and the plays were funny and such a great experience to act in, I really love the Senior Play Project for the people. I worked with 12 other seniors who not only loved what they were doing, but offered help and advice throughout my entire learning process.

Between the lights, sounds, costume and makeup, and plenty more, theatre is a team sport just like basketball or baseball. There are no small parts; there is no one who isn't needed. I've learned to appreciate live theatre, and the effort that every person in the show, both onstage and offstage, puts into it.

（1）How did the author feel about being in the project?

A. Lucky.

B. Tired.

C. Nervous.

D. Confident.

（2）What do we know about the character Roger?

A. He means what he says.

B. He puts up an advertisement.

C. He gives advice to the candidate.

D. He is running for president.

（3）What does the author like most about the project?

A. The people.

B. The plays.

C. The characters.

D. The costume.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. The Senior Play Project.

B. Acting for the First Time.

C. What Makes a Good Actor.

D. A Lesson Learnt through Acting.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了第一次登台表演的经历。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“As someone who takes part in so many activities, it's extremely difficult to find the time to be a part of any production. For me, it was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to try a cting through the Senior Play Project. ”对作者来说，这是一个千载难逢的机会，来尝试表演，从而可以推断出，作者对于参加这个项目感到非常幸运。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“My first character is a man named Roger who is a senior advisor to a presidential candidate in a play called ‘The Spot.’ He's a short-tempered guy who says what he wants and takes what he wants to assist his candidate in today's tough political races.”可知，罗杰在剧中是一位总统候选人的高级顾问，从而可以推断出，他给候选人提供建议。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“While I had really interesting characters, and the plays were funny and such a great experience to act in, I really love the Senior Play Project for the people. ”可知，作者最喜欢戏剧项目中的是人。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On Wednesday, January 13th, I performed on stage for the first time.”及全文内容可知，文章主要叙述作者第一次登台表演的经历。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

It can be a real struggle trying to learn a new language. I had always enjoyed learning languages in school, but only recently did I start learning German. I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I really struggled. That was when my tutor at university suggested reading some children's books printed in the target language.

At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book designed for someone half my age, lout then I realised that everyone has to start somewhere. As children, we are given these basic texts to familiarise our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures, and from there, we can learn and develop. I started with books which are taught to us as children in the UK. I managed to

find Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.

The beauty of reading books that were introduced to you as a child is that you are already familiar with the plot. As a result, you can work out some of the definitions of words with your prior knowledge of the story. At first, I used to read with the book in one hand and a dictionary in the other, but this method did not work well for me. The method I would recommend is to read a chapter of your chosen children's book and at the end of that chapter, highlight the words you do not know and then look up the definitions. If you can wait a bit before you use a dictionary, you may be surprised what you can get merely from the context of the sentence in the story. Additionally, a lot of children's books have pictures which may give you a clue as to what or to whom the passage is referring.

（1）Why was the author advised to read children's books?

A. Because she was weak in reading great works.

B. Because she was slow to learn language.

C. Because she liked children's literature.

D. Because she couldn't remember any words.

（2）What can kids get from children's books according to the passage?

A. Vocabulary and listening skills.

B. Learning methods.

C. Words and structures.

D. Designing skills.

（3）What causes the author feel surprised while reading children's books?

A. Grasping the context from the pictures.

B. Looking up the definitions of words from a dictionary.

C. Getting familiar with the plots of the story.

D. Understanding the words simply from the context.

（4）What can be the best title of the passage?

A. Reading Children's Books

B. The Way of Learning Languages

C. The Method of Using Dictionary

D. My Good Reading Habits

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在学德语，因为看不懂文学作品，开始看德语儿童书籍，得到了意外的惊喜。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I really struggled. That was when my tutor at university suggested re ading some children's books printed in the target language.”可知作者只能理解单个的字词，理解不了文学作品，所以她的导师建议她看一些用目标语言写的儿童书。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“As children, we are given these basic texts to familiarise our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures”可知儿童在看儿童书时可以熟知其中的词汇和写作结构，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If you can wait a bit before you use a dictionary, you

may be surprised what you can get merely from the context of the sentence in the story.”可知作者认为如果先不急着用字典，你会为你从语境里得到的东西而惊讶。字典是用于查词的，这里作者想表达的就是先不用字典，从语境可以猜出词义，选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。全文作者讲述了她读儿童书的经历以及读儿童书的好处，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

When I was a very little child, I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world. I would talk to myself, "when I grow up, when I can become rich, I'll save kids all over the world."

At the age of 17, I began my career here in America, and by 18, I started my first charity organization. I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from six-year-old Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病)—her story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to 2012 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF). We're all human. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.

People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is, you don't have to be rich to help others. You don't need to be famous. You don't even have to be college-educated. But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say, "If you've got a dollar, there's plenty to share."

（1）What did the author want to do at a young age?

A. Watch TV.

B. Grow up quickly.

C. Become wealthy.

D. Help other children.（2）Which of the following directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF? A. A six-year-old kid's request. B. Her grandmother's death of cancer.

C. Many volunteers' inspiration for it.

D. Other organizations' encouragement.

（3）What does the underlined word "one" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. A chance.

B. A life.

C. A task.

D. An organization.

（4）What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?

A. Do little things to help those around them.

B. Work very hard to get a college education.

C. Challenge their friends to offer help.

D. Do charity work when you are rich.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者（蕾哈娜）年少时立志长大帮助遭受痛苦的孩子们。长大作者兑现诺言做慈善工作，并号召人们：做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"I would say to myself, "When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world. "可知，作者小时候想帮助其他孩子，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"...to 20l2 when my grandmother lost her battle with cancer, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation (CLF)."可知，祖母的逝世是作者创办和发展CLF的直接动力。故选B。

（3）考查代词指代。根据第二段中的"And at CL.F, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one."可知，该组织的使命是影响尽可能多的生命，但是这需要从影响一个生命开始。由此可推断，one指代的是前面提到的many lives中的一个。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"But it starts with your neighbor.. in your neighborhood."和"You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can, And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart."可知，作者建议人们做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

In university I had a part-time job at a shop that sold doughnuts and coffee. Situated on a block where several buses stopped, it served the people who had a few minutes to wait for their bus.

Every afternoon around four o'clock, a group of schoolchildren would burst into the shop, and business would come to a stop. Adults would glance in, see the crowd and pass on. But I didn't mind if the children waited for their bus inside. Sometimes I would hand out a bus fare when a ticket went missing —always repaid the next day. On snowy days I would give away some doughnuts. I would lock the door at closing time, and we waited in the warm shop until their bus finally arrived.

I enjoyed my young friends, but it never occurred to me that I played an important role in their lives — until one afternoon when a man came and asked if I was the girl working on weekdays around four o'clock. He identified himself as the father of two of my favorites.

"I want you to know I appreciate what you do for my children. I worry about them taking two buses to get home. It means a lot that they can wait here and you keep an eye on them. When they are with the doughnut lady, I know they are safe." I told him it wasn't a big deal, and that I enjoyed the kids.

So I was the Doughnut Lady. I not only received a title, but became a landmark.

Now I think about all the people who keep an eye on my own children. They become, well, Doughnut Ladies. Like the men at the skating rink (滑冰场) who let my boys ring home; Or the

bus driver who drove my daughter to her stop at the end of the route at night but wouldn't leave until I arrived to pick her up; Or that nice police officer who took pity on my boys walking home in the rain when I was at work —even though the phone rang all the next day with calls from curious neighbors. "Was that a police car I saw at your house last night?"

That wasn't a police car. That was a Doughnut Lady.

（1）According to the passage, the author sometimes _______.

A. called the children's parents to pick them up

B. provided schoolchildren with warm shelters

C. did business with the children's help

D. sold bus tickets to the children

（2）By saying "… it wasn't a big deal," (in paragraph 4) the autho r meant that _______.

A. she hadn't found it hard to get along with the children

B. she hadn't made a lot of money from the children

C. she hadn't spent plenty of time with the children

D. she hadn't done anything very significant

（3）According to the author, those who _______ are Doughnut Ladies.

A. are always ready to help others

B. provide free doughnuts for the poor

C. work in the doughnut store for a while

D. are curious about the happenings around

（4）The passage suggests that _______.

A. taking responsibility is a virtue

B. devotion co-exists with reward

C. running a business requires skills

D. acts of kindness are never too small

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了她在商店做兼职时，下午一群孩子总会进入商店等公交车，虽然这给她的生意带来了不便，但是她没有在意，善意的对待这些孩子，比如在这些孩子丢票时给他们钱买票，下雪天给他们一些甜甜圈。她的善意得到了他人的感谢，她的孩子也得到了他人的帮助。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"I would lock the door at closing time, and we waited in the warm shop until their bus finally arrived.可知作者有时候会在打烊的时候把门关上，和孩子们一起在暖和的商店里等待公交车。作者给孩子们提供了温暖的庇护所，故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段可知作者最喜欢的两个小孩的父亲来专门找到她向她表示感谢，然后她告诉这位父亲她享受和孩子们在一起的时光，这不是什么大不了的事。根据语境，作者的回答是想表达她做的事不是特别重要，只是一件小事罢了，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Or that nice police officer who took pity on my boys walking home in the rain when I was at work — even though the phone rang all the next day with calls from curious neighbors. ‘Was that a police car I saw at your house last night?’”以及最后一段“That wasn't a police car. That was a Doughnut Lady.”可知有好心的警察在下雨时将她的孩子送回去了，而作者把这位好心的警察称为"甜甜圈女士"，说明在作者心中，帮助他

人的人就是"甜甜圈女士"，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。文中作者充满善意地对待在她兼职的店里等车的孩子，她自己孩子也被善意地对待，全文的关键就是善意的行为，所以D项切题，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

She was known to millions as the "Queen of Crime" or the "Duchess (女公爵)of Death". But surprisingly, she hated violence and blood, and knew nothing about the weapons most often used in murder. "I don't think I dare look at a really horrible and damaged body," Agatha Christie once said.

But her pen dared to travel where her eyes would not. In her 50-year writing profession, Christie's murder stories made her the world's best-known mystery (神秘)writer. Only the Bible and Shakespeare's works have sold more copies than her.

Her novels have been turned into films and TV scenes. This month, British TV announced they will remake eight Christie films. Her work has continuing appeal for viewers," said director Laura Mackie. "There is always a desire for a really good detective novel."

Born in 1890 in England, Christie was educated at home and began her writing career while working as a nurse during World War I. She went on to produce 79 novels and lots of short stories, dying at the age of 86. With her knowledge of murder, Christie could have been a teacher at police academies.

Her first novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, introduced Hercule Poirot, a retired Belgian police officer who starred in 30 of her works. Among the most popular are Murder on the Orient Express(1934) and Death on the Nile (1937).

Poirot is a tidy little man with a funny-looking moustache, an egg-shaped head and a high opinion of himself. He draws conclusions from observing the behaviour of those around him, always managing to spot patterns that others cannot see. Poirot has become so famous that someone has even written his biography, The Life and Times of Hercule Poirot.

（1）What kind of works did Agatha Christie write?

A. Love stories.

B. Documentary books.

C. Adventure stories.

D. Murder stories.（2）We can infer from the text that Christie .

A. joined the Army in World War I

B. has been a teacher at a police academy

C. is the third best-selling writer in the world

D. has had all her novels turned into films

（3）From Mackie's view, why do Christie's novels have continuous appeal for viewers?

A. Because she is well-known to the whole world.

B. Because she has a good knowledge of weapons.

C. Because people have a desire to learn about murders happening.

D. Because people are longing to read really good detective novels.

（4）What is Hercule Poirot?

A. He is Christie's co-worker.

B. He is the hero in many of Christie's works.

C. He is a real police officer.

D. He is the writer who wrote a biography of Christie.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍以写谋杀故事而成为世界著名推理小说家的Agatha Christie 以及她的作品。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中In her 50-year writing profession, Christie's murder stories made her the world's best-known mystery (神秘)writer.(在克里斯蒂50年的写作生涯中，她的谋杀故事使她成为世界上最著名的神秘作家。)可知，Agatha Christie写谋杀故事。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中In her 50-year writing profession, Christie's murder stories made her the world's best-known mystery (神秘)writer. Only the Bible and Shakespeare's works have sold more copies than her.（在她50年的写作生涯中，克里斯蒂的谋杀故事使她成为世界上最著名的神秘作家。只有《圣经》和莎士比亚的作品比她卖得多。）可知，克里斯蒂是世界第三畅销作家。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中"Her work has continuing appeal for viewers," said director Laura Mackie. "There is always a desire for a really good detective novel."可知，Laura Mackie认为她的作品对观众有着持续的吸引力，人们总是渴望一本真正好的侦探小说。因此在Mackie看来，克里斯蒂的小说之所以会对观众产生持续的吸引力是因为人们渴望读真正好的侦探小说。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Her first novel, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, introduced Hercule Poirot, a retired Belgian police officer who starred in 30 of her works.可知，Hercule Poirot是克里斯蒂30部作品中的男主角。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。介绍人物类阅读理解要专注人物的生平和成就，抓住文章细节，而且要理解全文，把握文章主旨。结合上下文合理概括，做有依据的推理。

7．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I.M. Pei, the Chinese-American, who was regarded as one of the last great modernist architects, has died at the age of 102.

Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for a European project: His redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s. He gave us the glass and metal pyramid in the main courtyard, along with three smaller pyramids and a vast subterranean (地下的) addition to the museum entrance.

Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983, he was thought as giving the 20th century "some of its most beautiful inside spaces and outside forms … His talent and skill in the use of

materials approach the level of poetry."

After studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.

Designing the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964 established him as a name. His East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1978 changed people's ideas of a museum. The site was an odd trapezoid (梯形) shape. Pei's solution was to cut it in two. The resulting building was dramatic, light and elegant—one of the first crowd-pleasing cathedrals of modern art.

Though known as a modernist, and notable for his forms based on arrangements of simple geometric (几何的) shapes, he once urged Chinese architects to look more to their architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.

In person, I.M. Pei was good-humored, charming and unusually modest. His working process was evolutionary, but innovation (创新) was never an intended goal.

"Stylistic originality is not my purpose," he said. "I want to find the originality in the time, the place and the problem."

（1）What can we learn about the result of redevelopment of the Louvre Museum?

A. It was criticized by the French.

B. It was a success.

C. It made the Louvre Museum looks strange.

D. It changed the function of the Louvre Museum.

（2）What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

A. He is a master in applying materials.

B. He is skilled in writing poems.

C. He often combines poetry and construction.

D. He gets inspiration from poetry in designing.

（3）What's the correct order of the following events?

a. Design the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum.

b. Study architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard.

c. Design the National Gallery of Art.

d Win th

e fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize.

A. a, b, c, d

B. b, a, c, d

C. b, c, a, d

D. d, a, c, d

（4）What can we learn about I.M. Pei?

A. Innovation was his first goal in design.

B. He was talented and serious.

C. He preferred western style to the east.

D. He liked simple geometric shapes.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师——贝

聿铭。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Pei was the fir st foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed. But in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. ”贝聿铭是卢浮宫悠久历史上的第一位外国建筑师，最初他的设计遭到强烈反对。但最终，法国人，以及全世界，都被（他的精妙设计所）折服。从而可以推测，罗浮宫博物馆重建非常成功。故选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“His talent and skill in the use of materials approach the level of poetry.”中的关键词talent and skill和the use of materials可知，此句字面含义为：他在使用（建筑）材料方面的才华和技艺达到了诗一般的境界，即他是应用材料方面的专家。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“After studying architecture at the Mas sachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.可知，1955年，贝聿铭在麻省理工学院和哈佛大学学习建筑学；第五段中的“Designing the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964 established him as a name. ”1964年，贝聿铭设计了约翰·肯尼迪总统图书馆和博物馆；“His East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington in 1978 changed people's ideas of a museum.” 1978年设计了华盛顿国家美术馆东馆；第三段中的“Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983, he was thought as giving the 20th century ‘some of its most beautiful inside spaces and outside forms …”贝聿铭于1983年获得普利兹克建筑奖。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Though known as a modernist, and notable for his forms based on arrangements of simple geometric (几何的) shapes, he once urged Chinese architects to look more to th eir architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.”可知，贝聿铭设计的建筑物基于简单几何形状排列的形式而闻名，从而推断出，他喜欢简单的几何形状。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.

Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based on the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916. Then in 2003-2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine (潜艇) that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.

For the next four years (2006-2010), Fabien was part of a series called, Ocean Adventures,

which offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species (物种) and environments. In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit project for children to help restore local water ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. Save the world, one fish at a time. The project is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion "fish" worldwide.

From June 1 to July 2, 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.

Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.

（1）What is Not Fabien's job?

A. Ocean explorer

B. Documentary filmmaker

C. Environmentalist

D. Media manager （2）How is Paragraph 2 developed?

A. By providing facts.

B. By offering analyses.

C. By making comparisons.

D. By drawing conclusions.

（3）We can learn from the text that ________.

A. Fabien's "Plant A Fish" project has already achieved its final goal

B. Fabien's Mission 31 broke the records of former ocean explorations

C. Fabien's TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experiences

D. It took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own

（4）In which part of a website can we read the text?

A. Modern Technology.

B. Space Exploration.

C. Outstanding Figures.

D. Fantastic Wildlife.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了Fabien Cousteau研究鲨鱼而出名，他要保护海洋濒临灭绝的动物，在海洋里进行探险研究。他和他的团队打破了以前的海洋探险的记录，并拍摄了海洋生物记录片的事情。

（1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.”可知，Fabien是一个Ocean explorer海洋探险家、Documentary filmmaker纪录片的导演；再根据第一段中的“With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.”可知，他是一

个Environmentalist环境保护者。没有提到他是媒体策划经理，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002…, Then in 2003-2006,…”可知。用例举事实法叙述他研究的情况。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath. ”Fabien's Mission 31开辟了一条新路，他走得更深、更久、更远，把海底的冒险和神秘显示给了世人。也就是说Fabien's Mission 31打破了以前海洋探险的记录。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据整篇短文围绕Fabien在海洋的探险、保护海洋、拍摄纪录片等方面的贡献，属于人物类短文。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

This year marks the 170th anniversary of Paul Gauguin's birth. He lived for just 54 years but he packed his brief life with activity.

The French painter spent his early childhood in Peru before returning to France. As an adult, he continued to travel a lot. Most famously, he spent much of the last decade of his life in Tahiti, an island in southern Pacific Ocean. Indeed, Gauguin is best known for his colorful paintings of Tahitians and their culture.

The restlessness of this great painter has been normal among modern artists since the middle of the 19th century. They're never satisfied for long with a certain style or way of life. Once something becomes conventional, it's turned down.

The artistic culture that Gauguin developed from was that of Impressionism (印象派). Painters like Claude Monet had wanted to paint how they saw the world, not how their teachers taught them it should be seen. Gauguin, and similar artists like his friend Vincent van Gogh, moved even further away from "respectable" art than the Impressionists. For them, it was not simply a matter of seeing the world differently, but feeling and thinking about it differently, too.

Gauguin saw, felt and thought differently from most members of European society. He thought that European culture was too fancy and not spontaneous. This is why he turned to the traditions of other parts of the world, like Africa, and, eventually, Tahiti. Artists like Gauguin used the word "primitive" for these cultures, but not as a negative term. For him, Europe, in becoming modem, industrial and scientific, seemed less natural than other parts of the world.

In truth, Gauguin's paintings may be unconventional but they are certainly not "primitive". They are the work of a painter with great awareness of what he was doing. It was this awareness that made him such an important painter for those that came after, in the 20th century. When we look closely at the works of Gauguin we begin to understand Pablo Picasso, and especially Henri Matisse, a little better.

（1）What can we infer about Gauguin's life?

A. He had an unhappy childhood.

B. He lived most of his life in Peru.

C. He enjoyed painting in Tahiti.

D. He preferred a traditional life style.

（2）What's the main purpose of Paragraph 4?

A. To explain why Gauguin's works were popular.

B. To point out where Gauguin's inspiration came from.

C. To show Gauguin's different understanding of painting.

D. To compare Gauguin's painting style with Vincent van Gogh's.

（3）Which of the following best explains "spontaneous" underlined in Paragraph 5?

A. Natural

B. Modern

C. Industrial

D. Scientific

（4）The author mentions Picasso and Matisse in the last paragraph to show ________. A. their styles are different from Gauguin's B. great artists share many similarities

C. they are as important as Gauguin

D. Gauguin's influence on their works

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，今年是Gauguin诞辰170周年。他只活了54年，但他短暂的一生充满了活力。这篇文章介绍了著名画家Gauguin的生平及其作品。

（1）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Indeed, Gauguin is best known for his colorful paintings of Tahitians and their culture.“事实上，Gauguin最为人所知的是他对塔希提人和他们的文化的丰富多彩的绘画。”可知，他喜欢在塔希提岛画画。故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。根据第四段中的“The artistic culture that Gauguin developed from was that of Impressionism (印象派).”Gauguin发展起来的艺术文化是印象派；以及“G auguin, and similar artists like his friend Vincent van Gogh, moved even further away from‘respectable’ art than the Impressionists. ”Gauguin和他的朋友文森特·梵高（Vincent van Gogh）等类似艺术家比印象派画家更远离“受人尊敬的”艺术。可知第四段的目的是“展示Gauguin对绘画的不同理解。”故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“For him,Europe, in becoming modem, industrial and scientific, seemed less natural than other parts of the world.”在他看来，欧洲在走向现代化、工业化和科学化的过程中，似乎没有世界其他地区那么自然。”由此推知He thought that European culture was too fancy and not spontaneous. 中划线词的意思是“自然的”。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It was this awareness that made him such an important painter for those that came after, in the 20th century. When we look closely at the works of Gauguin we begin to understand Pablo Picasso, and especially Henri Matisse, a little better. ”正是这种意识使他成为20世纪后来者的重要画家。当我们仔细观察Gauguin的作品时，我们开始更好地理解毕加索，尤其是马蒂斯。”可知，作者在最后一段中提到了毕加索和马蒂斯，以展示Gauguin对他们作品的影响。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

It was rainy, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn's house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the top of the mountain.

So here I was, reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils. By the time I saw how thick it was near the summit, I'd gone too far to turn back.

Nothing could be worth this, I thought as I inched along the dangerous highway.

"I'll stay for lunch, but I' m heading back down as soon as the fog lifts," I announced when I arrived.

"But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car," Carolyn said, "Could we at least do that?"

"How far is it?" I asked.

"About three minutes," she said, "I'll drive—I'm used to it."

After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her anxiously. "I thought you said three minutes."

She grinned. "This is a detour."

Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens towered over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind.

Then we turned a comer and stopped—and I gasped in amazement.

From the top of the mountain, sloping for several acres across the mountain side and valleys, were rivers of flowers in numerous colors. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside.

A series of questions filled my mind. Who created such beauty? Why? How?

As we approached the home that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that read: "Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking."

The first answer was: "One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain." The second was: "One at a Time." The third: "Started in 1958."

As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen. I could scarcely speak. "She changed the world." I finally said, "one bulb (球茎) at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it."

The wonder of it would not let me go. "Imagine," I said, "if I'd had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?"

Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. "Start tomorrow," she said. "Better yet, start today."（1）What was the weather like when the author drove to visit her daughter?

A. It was snowing.

B. It was foggy.

C. It was freezing.

D. It was sunny.（2）What can be inferred about the daughter?

A. She told a white lie to her mother.

B. She was an experienced driver.

C. She didn't know the way very well.

D. She knew everything about the woman.

（3）The mother began to enjoy herself when ________.

A. they were driving in the car

B. they were at the garage

C. they were on their way back

D. they were walking in the woods

（4）Which of the following can best describe the owner of the property?

A. Crazy and silly.

B. Determined and persistent.

C. Brave and careful.

D. Beautiful and courageous.

（5）What do you think the mother will do after this visit?

A. She will look after her grandchildren.

B. She will pay a second visit to the garden.

C. She will begin to do something meaningful.

D. She will come and live with her daughter.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在下雨天受女儿坚持去山顶看风景，去往山顶的过程有些麻烦，但到达山顶后，被山顶的美景所折服。当作者走到一个房子，看到了从很久之前开始一直存在一个标牌，由此引发了作者感慨：如果有一个愿景，并为此每天坚持一点点，那最终会达到什么。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“So here I was, reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils.”可知作者很不情愿地走了两个小时，穿过像面纱一样悬挂着的雾开车去见自己的女儿。作者开车去见女儿时，是雾天，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her anxiously. ‘I thought you said three minutes.’"可知女儿告诉作者要走三分钟，结果走了十分钟也没到，再结合下文可知女儿这样做是为了让作者欣赏山上的美景而撒了一个善意的谎言。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“We walked along a path that was thick with old pine nee dles.”可知作者和女儿是沿着一条满是老松针的小路走着时，开始欣赏美景，自得其乐的。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段“The first answer was: "One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain." The second was: "One at a Time." The third: "Started in 1958."可知这些景色的所有者是一个女人，用两只手，两只脚，加上一点想法，一次一个从1958年开始种植的。可知这个所有人是非常有决心和坚持不懈的。故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. "Start tomorrow," she said. "Better yet, start today."可知文章的最后Carolyn微笑着看着我。“明天开始，”她说。“更好的是，从今天开始。”结合上文作者的感悟可推理此次参观之后这位母亲会开始做一些有意义的事情。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。