被动语态语法讲解

一、被动语态的用法：

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者

1. 一般现在时的被动语态：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.

3. 现在完成时的被动语态：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.

4. 过去完成时的被动语态: had been +及物动词的过去分词The dish had been eaten up when I got there.

5. 一般将来时的被动语态：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.

6. 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.

7. 现在进行时的被动语态：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词

Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.

8. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词

There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted.

二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?

把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：

1. 先找出谓语动词；

2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；

3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；

4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。

例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.

三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：

1. 不及物动词无被动语态。What will happen in 100 years.

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。This pen writes well. His novel sells well.他的小说畅销。

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

例：make somebody do something→someb ody+ be +made to do something

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us.

注意:

一.以下不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：

appear, die ,disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, break out, come true, fall asleep, take place.比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。

(错) The price has been risen. (对) The price has risen.

(错) The price has raised. (对) The price has been raised.

二、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：

fit, marry, own, wish, cost,agree with, arrive at / in, succeed in, happen to, take part in, belong to

三、系动词无被动语态：

appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn

1）It sounds good. 2）The steel feels cold 3) The method proved (to be ) effective.

四、带同源宾语的及物动词(dream, live, life)，反身代词(oneself)，相互代词(each other)，不能用于被动语态：

She dreamed a bad dream last night. He lives a p

五、当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。

(对) She likes to swim. (错) To swim is liked by her.

六、“be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。

当“be+过去分词”表示动作时为被动语态，be是助动词，be后面的过去分词是主要动词，动作的对象是主语；

当“be +过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构，be是连系动词。be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。

其区分办法如下：

1．如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。例如: The glass is broken．玻璃杯碎了。（系表结构）

The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。（被动语态）

2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。如：

The magazine is published in Shanghai．这家杂志出版于上海。（被动语态）

The door is locked．门锁着。（系表结构）

The door has already/just been locked．门已经/刚刚被锁上。（被动语态）

The shop is opened．这家商店开门了。（系表结构）

The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday．这家商店每天上午八点开门。（被动语态

七、用某些不及物动词表示被动意义，如carry,cut,drive,iron,keep,lock,open,pick,read,sell,shut,tear,wash,wear,write 等等。这类动词既能作及物动词，也能作不及物动词。作不及物动词时，形式上虽为主动，却表示被动意义。例如：Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。

The car drove easily.这车很容易开。

Your pen writes quite smoothly.你的笔写起来很滑。

八、某些感觉动词的主动态表示被动意义。例如：

This shirt feels much softer than that one.这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多

That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。

These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。

以上这些动词都不能用进行时表示。若用进行时，则表示主动含义。

比较：The child is smelling the paint.小孩正在闻油漆的气味。

九、在need(want,require,deserve,etc.)doing句型中，动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be done)，在意思上没有多大差别。例如：

The garden needs watering.The garden needs to be watered.花园需要浇水。

The problem requires studying with great care.

The problem requires to be studied with great care.这个问题需要仔细研究。

These jobs want doing at once.These jobs want to be done at once.这些工作需要马上就做。

十、在某些性质形容词＋动词不定式的句型中，其动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。（difficult, easy, hard,

comfortable, pleasant, fit, unfit, light , heavy, good, safe, dangerous）例如：

The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。

That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。

在这种句型结构中，动词不定式和主语的关系实际上是一种逻辑上的动宾关系，可以说是动词不定式作主语变换来的，相当于It”s easy to answer the question.和It”s difficult to understand that book.由于把动词宾语放在主语位置，所以和不定式的关系构成一种被动关系。

被动语态填空

1.Rice (grow) in the south of China.

2.this kind of car (make) in the USA?

3.You (want) on the phone.

4.Why Australia (call) “a country on a sheep’s back”?

5.Li Ming (ask) to attend the meeting yesterday.

6.The young trees (not water) yesterday.

7.Those children (look) after well last week.

8.The clothes (wash) yesterday, they (wash) easily.

9.The book (write) by Lu Xun.

10.The printer (use) (print) something tomorrow.

11.What it (make) of? Paper.

12.You can watch TV when your homework (do)

13.I (ask) to give a talk there last year.

14.In which city silk (produce)?

15.He often (hear) (sing) in the room.

16.The workers (make) (work) for 12 hours by the boss every day.

17.Nothing (appear) on the screen.

18.An accident (happen) here last night.

19.Many stars (can see) at night.

20.Your bike (must not put) there.

Keys:

1.is grown

2.Is made

3.are wanted

4.is called

5.was asked

6.were not watered

7.were looked

8.were washed, are washed

9.is written

10.will be used; to print

11.is ; made

12.is done

13.was asked

14.is ; produced

15.is ; heard; singing

16.are made; to work

17.appears/ appeared

18.happened

19.can be seen

20.must not be put

英语动词被动语态专项及解析

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初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解

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被动语态讲解与专项练习(带答案)

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初中被动语态详细讲解.

语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态

被动语态专项讲解练习(含答案)

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考点二：在感官动词see , watch , hear , notice , feel 及使役动词have , let , make等词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to , 但变被动语态后要还原上to 。考点三：含有动词短语的被动语态，切记不要将短语中的介词或副词忘掉或省略。考点四：有些谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.某些用来描述主语特征的不及物动词，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，这时主语通常是物。eg: sell , wash , read , write , 等 ?The books well． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold ?This coat _____ easily． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed 2.表示状态特征的连系动词+ adj. / n.用主动形式表被动意义。eg: look , sound , feel , smell , taste 等 ①The steel(钢铁) _____ cold． A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt ②His plan _____ good． A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. sounds 3.表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词用主动形式表被动意义。eg: happen , take place , come out , come true等考点五：含有被动意义的“have / get + 宾语+ done” 考点六：表示客观的说明常用“It’s + done+…..” 据说….. 据报道……. 众所周知……. 据推测说….. 大家都相信…… 考点七：某些动词可以用-ing 形式表被动意义三．练习题 (一)选择题(A)

初中英语语法大全——被动语态

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3. 被动语态的各种句式 eg: Have you heard about that car accident near the school? --- Yes, luckily no one was hurt. 你听说学校附近的那场车祸了吗? --- 是的，幸运的是没有人受伤。 eg: A road has been built by the government. 一条道路已经被政府修建了。 eg: I am not invited to go to the party by my friend. 我没有被朋友邀请去参加聚会。 eg: My bike isn’t being repaired by Tom now. 我的自行车现在没有被汤姆修理。 eg: Are they used for posting letters? 它们被用来邮递信件吗? eg: Are trees being planted over there by them? 那边的树正在被他们种植吗? eg: When was the basketball team set up? 这支篮球队是什么时候成立的? eg: How many man-made satellites have been sent into space? 已经有多少颗人造卫星被发射升空? 4. 情态动词的被动语态的句式

初中被动语态详细讲解上课讲义

初中被动语态详细讲解

被动语态详细讲解(基础讲解)上课讲义

被动语态详细讲解(基础讲解)

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初中英语被动语态专项讲解

初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者(或执行者)eg:Many people speak Chinese.谓语:speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。eg:Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。) 各种时态的被动语态构成: 1.一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时:was/were+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident.

3.一般将来时:will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时:am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词. Eg: A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时:was/were being+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:The meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时:have/has been+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时:had been + 及物动词的过去分词 Eg:A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 Eg:The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法

初中被动语态语法归纳

初中英语被动语态一．语态概述 1.语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 2.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 3.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，只有及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如：He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 4.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词"构成。be有人称、数和时态的变化。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken 一般过去时：was／were＋spoken 一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken 过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken 现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken 过去完成时：had been + spoken 含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由"情态动词＋be＋过去分词"构成原来

带to的情态动词变成被动语态后"to"仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. It should be done at once 三.被动语态的用法 1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。 The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。 He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。 2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。 The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。 The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。 3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如： The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。 The whole village has been washed away by the flood. 整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。 It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。 It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有 It is reported that…据报道 It is said that…据说 It is believed that…大家相信 It is suggested that…有人建议

初中英语语法知识—被动语态的全集汇编附解析(1)

一、选择题 1．—__________Chinese widely__________in non-Chinese speaking countries? —Yes. More and more people are learning to speak Chinese. A．Is; used B．Does; use C．Has; used 2．My brother _____ to read by my mother when he was very young. A．teaches B．is taught C．was teaching D．was taught 3．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 4．Mike, you can go out if your homework ________. A．finish B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished 5．—Do you think the old machine is ____________， grandma? —Yes, it is _________for carrying water. A．use; using B．useful; used C．use; used D．useful; use 6．We hope that more trees________in our city next year. A．plant B．were planted C．planted D．will be planted 7．—If high-speed railways________in 2019, what will happen to people in Lianyungang?—Lots of people will choose the faster transport. A．are completed B．were completed C．will be completed D．have been completed 8．— What tools ________ to make paper cutting? — Scissors and paper. A．are used B．used C．will use 9．— When________ paper invented? —I don’t know. But I know it is used for writing ________. A．is; / B．was; on C．was; / D．is; on 10．Mr. White tells us the calls meeting will be cancelled if no agreement _________ tomorrow. A．is reached B．will be reached C．is going to be reached D．has been reached 11．—Do you have any problems if you ______ this job? —Well, I’m thinking about the working day. A．offer B．will offer C．are offered D．will be offered 12．Many tall buildings in Fangshan last year. A．are built B．were built C．built D．build 13．--- Mom, where is my model plane? --- Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday. A．is lent B．lends C．was lent D．lent