2018年高考英语分类题库 阅读填句

考点2 阅读填句

(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)

话题:颜色在房间装饰中的重要作用词数:255W 难度:★★★

Color is fundamental in home design—something you'll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36,color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.

Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.37,they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.

38.They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.

Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.

The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40.

A. While all of them are useful

B. Whatever you're looking for

C. If you're experimenting with a color

D. Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with

E. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在房间装饰设计中颜色的重要性,并详细说明了小、中、大三种规格的装饰颜色的不同作用。

36.【解析】选B。上文提到,Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 你想要一间充满活力的房间吗?职业化的?还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方?可知,接下来将是对上文的总结,无论你找什么样的房间,颜色是关键。且选项B中的looking for和上文的want和looking for相呼应。

37.【解析】选A。空格上一句提到,多年来,有许多不同的工艺帮助设计师达到这一目标。由此可推断,这些工艺都很有用。选项A中的them指代的是different techniques。

38.【解析】选D。上一段结尾提到三种选择: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣,以及其他好处。由此可知,本段介绍的是small color choices。

39.【解析】选G。该空下一句提到中等物品颜色的选择和小物品作比较的两

个方面:一是花费,二是对空间感觉的影响。与选项G中的two major ways相呼应。

40.【解析】选F。该空上一句提到,大的方面的颜色选择所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是相当多的。与选项F中的pays相呼应。因而,墙壁、天花板、地板等颜色的选择是你首先要搞定的。

【难句剖析】A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.

分析:本句是一个复合句,you'll love to live in是定语从句,修饰先行词rooms,省略了关系代词that/which。

翻译:掌握如何在自己的空间里合理利用颜色是营造温馨居住房间的关键步骤之一。

(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)

话题:晨练的好处词数:224W难度:★★★

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.36Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

·Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.37

·Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start.38If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

·39Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more

difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

·40If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A. You will stick to your diet.

B. Your quality of sleep improves.

C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.

E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.

F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up! 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要列举了晨练的四个好处。

36.【解析】选G。此句是一个段中句。根据上文“如果你准备抽出时间锻炼,那很好。但是由于忙碌的生活,很难抽出时间锻炼。”而下一句讲的是“晨练不仅对身体健康有益,还能给我们提供额外的好处。”所以G项符合语境,意为“如果你计划定期锻炼或者现在已经定期锻炼了,那么听好了!”

37.【解析】选E。选项的意思是“锻炼后,你的头脑可以保持清醒4-10个小时”,呼应上一句“锻炼会让你更加神清气爽,更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事

情。”

38.【解析】选F。上一句讲的是晨练有利于新陈代谢,下一句讲的是晨练能帮助消耗卡路里,因此F项“锻炼后,这一天里你将继续消耗卡路里”符合逻辑。

39.【解析】选B。下一句讲的是晨练对睡眠的好处,因此B项“你的睡眠质量得以提高”符合逻辑。

40.【解析】选A。下一句讲的是如果晨练,你就更有可能会坚持吃健康的食物,因此A项“你会坚持你的饮食习惯”符合逻辑。

【难句剖析】

Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.

分析:本句是一个复合句,whatever引导的从句是动词handle的宾语从句,whatever在从句中作主语。

翻译:锻炼会让你更加神清气爽,更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事情。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)

话题:舞蹈词数:193难度:★★★

Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.

36We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.

“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dancing is wonderful.37It's great to watch them. For many of

them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life.”

38“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges.“They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.39”

So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.40I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive.”

A. So why do we dance?

B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.

C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.

D. My older students say it makes them feel young.

E.I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired.

F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.

G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了舞蹈的内涵、普及的范围及人们对舞蹈的看法。

36.【解析】选B。空格后面描述了舞蹈在美国的普及范围和程度,可知“在美国,舞蹈无处不在”这一选项可为本段的主题句。

37.【解析】选D。空格所在处是引用Bridges所说的话,根据空格前面的信息词Teaching dancing可知选D。

38.【解析】选A。Bridges讲述了一对年轻夫妇通过跳舞改善情绪的故事,故A

项符合语境。

39.【解析】选F。前文讲述的是一对精神不振的年轻夫妇跳完舞后面带微笑离开了,可知“跳舞似乎完全改变了他们的情绪”,故选F。

40.【解析】选E。本段讲述的是Andrea Hillier对跳舞的痴迷。空格前面提到,Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.再根据后句I find it hard to stop!可知,空格处应为一个过渡句,故选择E:我在极度疲惫的时候仍然坚持跳舞。【难句剖析】

Dancing reminds me I'm alive.

分析:这是个主从复合句。本句带有两个宾语,me是间接宾语,直接宾语是省略了连词that的宾语从句I'm alive。

翻译:跳舞提醒我,我还活着。

(2018·北京卷)

话题:发火词数:255W 难度:★★★

Why Do We Get Angry?

Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发)events, personality traits(特征),and our assessment of situations.51

Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.52The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one's personal history and psychological traits.

Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry.53Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.

54Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的)outlooks on situations can create anger.

55However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.

A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.

B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.

C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.

D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.

E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.

F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.

G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers

one person may or may not trigger another.

【文章大意】文章属于说明文。说明了人们容易发火的主要原因,并劝导人们要控制自己的不良情绪。

51.【解析】选F。本段倒数第二句陈述的是造成发火的原因,F项中的these reasons与其匹配。另外,空格句是承上启下句。

52.【解析】选G。G项中的“that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another”与空格后一句中的“someone is triggered by something and others are not”吻合。另外,由本段首句“Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.”可知:本段讲述的是与Triggering events相关的话题,G项中的trigger与此相匹配。

53.【解析】选E。空格句前面的句子提到的“People who have personality traits...”与选项E中的“Having these personality traits”相吻合。

54.【解析】选A。由文章首段第三句“The main reasons we get angry are triggering events, personality traits, and our assessment of situations.”可知造成我们发火的原因有三个,第二段论述的是triggering events;第三段论述的是personality traits;因此本段要论述our assessment of situations, our assessment of situations与A项中的Our attitude and viewpoint on situations相吻合。

【名师点津】把握文章框架和主题,洞悉信息不再是问题。

每篇文章都有自己的框架结构,了解并把握文章的结构对于梳理文章的信息安排大有裨益。常见的框架结构有:总分式、分总式、总分总式。另外,文章的每个段落也都有自己的主题,段落的其他语句都是围绕这个主题展开论述的,抓住了主题就相当于牵住了牛鼻子。

55.【解析】选D。由However可知:空格前后两句话是转折关系。空格后一句的意思是“发火易导致暴力,了解了发火的原因可以阻止暴力的发生。”这与D 项“有些人认为发火情有可原”形成转折关系。

(2018·浙江卷)

话题:如何做好邻居词数:228难度:★★★

Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.31

Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.32By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.

Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag.33This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.

34If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping .Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.

35By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.

A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.

B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.

C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.

D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.

E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.

F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.

G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly. 【文章大意】本文就如何做个好邻居给出了几点建议。

31.【解析】选G。考查上下文联系。本句位于第一段段尾,具有承上启下的作用,再根据第二段中one of the most和第三段中的Second等可知,后面的段落在列举一些措施,与G选项意义一致。故选G。

32.【解析】选F。考查上下文联系。本段主要讲述作为好邻居,必须保持你家房子外观的干净、整洁,F选项正好是这个意思的总结。故选F。

33.【解析】选E。考查上下文联系。前句意思是:散步时带一个垃圾袋。E选项意思是,万一有人从车里往外扔废纸,就把它捡起来。正好说明了出门拿垃圾袋的目的。故选E。

34.【解析】选B。考查上下文联系。后面整个段落建议要给邻居帮各种忙,B 选项是对这些内容的归纳,为本段主题句。故选B。

35.【解析】选C。考查上下文联系。最后一段是对整篇文章的总结,本句是对后面句子的总结,C选项中的more or less about considerate behavior 与后面的By following...,taking care of...and taking pride...为概括和分述的关系。故选C。【难句剖析】

By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you,

and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.

分析:By following...in general,为介词短语作状语; you will quickly become a good neighbor为主句部分;that everyone appreciates为定语从句,修饰neighbor。翻译:尊重他人,管好自家环境,并以邻里的环境面貌为荣,遵循这些基本规则,你很快就会成为一个人人都喜欢的好邻居。