复合句知识点讲解及练习

复合句知识点讲解及练习
复合句知识点讲解及练习

宾语从句

中考考点

宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语,也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。

考向导航

①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略。如:

We believe (that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。

②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whether。如:

I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。

Sorry,I don't know whether he will come or not.对不起,我不知道他是否会来。

③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。如:

Could you tell me where the post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗?

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。

宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的,一般有下面几种情况:

①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如:

He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。

②主句的时态为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如:

She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。

③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如:

He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。

1.在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。如:

I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。

2.do you think后接宾语从句时,特殊疑问词即引导词要前置,do you think作为插入语。如:

Who do you think he is talking with?你认为他正在和谁交谈?

【注意】①由do,does,did构成的疑问句,在转换成宾语从句时,要去掉do,does,did,且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如:“Does he sing well?”The music teacher asked him.

→The music teacher asked him if/wh ether he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。

②如果是will,be,have,can组成的疑问句,在变为宾语从句时,要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上,并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如:

“Will you be free tomorrow?”She asked me.

→She asked me if/whether I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。

③当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think, guess, believe等动词且接有否定的that宾语从句时,常将否定词提前到主句中。如:

I don't think that Alice is an American.我认为艾丽丝不是美国人。

①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是hope,wish,decide等时,从句可转化为不定式结构。如:

I hope that I can see you again.

=I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。

②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如:

I don't know what I should say.

=I don't know what to say.我不知道该说什么。

③当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词+不定式”结构。如:Mr. Hu tells us that we shouldn't draw on the wall.

=Mr. Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?

=Will you please tell me where to buy stamps?你能告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票吗?

状语从句

中考考点

状语从句即在复合句中作状语的句子。根据其用途可分为九类。中考对状语从句考查的重点是引导词和时态。

考向导航

高频考向一状语从句的种类

如:

I'll let you know as soon as she comes.她一来,我就会让你知道。(时间状语从句) I won't go with you because I am busy doing my homework now.我不会跟你去,因为现在我正忙着做作业。(原因状语从句)

If it rains tomorrow,we'll stay at home.如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。(条件状语从句)

Although he is not rich,he lives happily.尽管他不富有,但是他生活得很幸福。(让步状语从句)

He got up very early this morning in order that he could catch the first bus.为了能赶上第一班公交车,他早上起得很早。(目的状语从句)

It was such a cold day that nobody wanted to go out.天气那么冷,没人想出去。(结果状语从句)

wherever he goes, he always brings his pet dog.无论他哪里,他总是带着他的宠物狗。(地点状语从句)

Carol speaks English as well as you do.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。(比较状语从句)

The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up.那个孩子和我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。(方式状语从句)

【注意】so与because, though/although与but不能在句中同时出现。

1.主句为祈使句、一般将来时态或由情态动词表示将来的动作时,if引导的条件状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句及when, as soon as, until等引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:

Don't go and play football if you don't finish your homework.如果你不完成家庭作业,你就不要去踢足球。

He won't leave until you agree with him.直到你同意他,他才会离开。

2.since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时态,主句则用现在完成时态(“It ha s been... since+从句结构”)。如:

Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened in 1995.自从1995年那家工厂

开办以来,王叔叔便在那里工作了。

It is (has been) ten years since we left that city.我们离开那个城市已经十年了。3.主句为过去时态时,状语从句也应用过去时态的某一种形式。如:

①Yesterday Meimei didn't come to school because her mother was ill.昨天梅梅没来上学是因为她妈妈病了。

②When I was a child, father had told me that story.我还是小孩子的时候爸爸便已给我讲过那个故事了。

4.当主从句的动作均发生在过去时,注意含when, while引导的时间状语从句的主从句时态的一致性:

①主从复合句中,主句谓语动词动作在从句谓语动词动作之前发生,且进行的时间较长时,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。如:

Mother was cooking dinner when I got home yesterday.昨天我到家时妈妈正在做饭。

②从句中谓语动作先于主句中谓语动词动作发生,且进行的时间较长时,从句用过去进行时,主句用一般过去时。如:

When the students were having a meeting, the teacher came in.学生们正在开会时,老师进来了。

③若主从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系(即同时发生)或无所谓先后时,主从句可同时使用过去进行时。如:

While Han Meimei was sweeping the floor, Lucy was carrying water.韩梅梅在扫地,而露西在挑水。

④主句动作和从句动作都已完成,则先发生的动作可用过去完成时态,后发生的动作用一般过去时态。如:

When they got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.他们到电影院时,电影已放映了五分钟。

定语从句

中考考点

定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose 或关系副词when,where,why等引出。中考对定语从句考查的重点是定语从句的关系词。

考向导航

1.who,whom,that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他是想见你的那个人吗?

He is the man (who/whom/that) I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。2.which,that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如:

Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

The coat (that/which) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。3.whose用来指人或物,在句中只用作定语。如:

Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。4.关系副词有when,where,why,它们在句中作状语。如:

I'll never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。

This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。

1.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:

This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。

2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词,而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

复合句专项练习带答案

复合句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句) A. how B. after C. what D. when 2.【D】(01春招) I read about it in some book or other, does it matter ___ it was? A. where B. what C. how D. which 3.【B】(01上海)Information has been put forward ___more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 4.【C】(01上海春招)What the doctors really doubt is ___my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether

5.【A】(02上海春招)When you answer questions in a job interview,please rember the golden rule; Always give the monkey exactly ___ he wants. A. what B. which C. when D. that 6.【A】(02上海) ___ she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 7.【A】(02上海)Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s ___ it takes to doanything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 8.【D】(04上海, 40) A story goes ___ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing morethan being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where

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( )5. —What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting? —He said that I _____ better. A. can do B. am C. will do D. could do ( )6. —I want to know when _____ have a field trip. —We’ll have it when all the work _____. A. you are; will finish B. you will; finishes C. you will; is finished D. you; finish ( )7. —Could you tell me when _____? —At 10:25, in ten minutes. A. the bus will leave B. will the bus leave C. the bus has left D. had the bus left ( )8. -Do you know ______ he’ll arrive here at 9:00 this morning? -I’m afraid he’ll be late. A. that B. how C. why D. whether ( )9. —Could you tell me _____? —She is a student in Eton School. A. where Kate is studying B. how Kate was studying C. why Kate was studying D. when Kate studied ( )10. —Do you know _____ going to stay in London? —No, I don’t. Maybe a few day s.

复合句知识点讲解及练习

复合句知识点讲解及练习

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宾语从句 中考考点 宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主句谓语动词宾语,也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。 考向导航 高频考向一宾语从句的引导词 ①宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略。如: Webelieve (that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。 ②如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whether。如: Idon't know if/whethershe willcomehere.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sorry,I don'tknowwhetherhe will come ornot.对不起,我不知道他是否会来。 ③宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。如: Could you tell me wherethe post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗? The teacheraskedthe students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。 高频考向二宾语从句的时态 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的,一般有下面

几种情况: ①主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如: He sayshe will askMr. Huto give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。 ②主句的时态为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如: She said shemissedus very much.她说她非常想念我们。 ③从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如: Hesaid that the sun is bigger thanthe earth.他说太阳比地球大。 高频考向三宾语从句的语序 1.在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。如: Iwantto know when thetrain left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。 2.doyou think后接宾语从句时,特殊疑问词即引导词要前置,doyou think作为插入语。如: Who do you thinkhe is talking with?你认为他正在和谁交谈? 【注意】①由do,does,did构成的疑问句,在转换成宾语从句时,要去掉do,do es,did,且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如: “Does hesing well?”Themusic teacheraskedhim. →Themusicteacher asked him if/whetherhe sang wel

初中英语语法名词篇

初中中考英语语法 (名词篇) 语法总述: 名词篇: 名词的种类:英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类: 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如:Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词,如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成,往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词,如the United States,the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。

labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如: box, child, orange; 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如:water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式:

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