人教新目标高中英语选修六课后阅读训练： 四 Unit 1 Period 4 含答案

课后阅读训练四

Unit 1Period 4

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people think that craft(手艺)no longer exists.

One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid, and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability(持久性). “Homes in those days were well-built, ” they say. No doubt these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.

Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price. For example, more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways, although they were once fairly common in older homes. Nor can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway. Yet if someone can pay the high cost, there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways. And not only would these carpenters know how to build them, they would probably do a better job than carpenters of old days.

One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a

better job is much more advanced tools. Such tools as laser beams and power planes help them lay out a house better and make more precise cuts(精确切割)on the wood. Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs.

The problem of modern quality, then, really boils down to the problem of material, for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago, but only if given proper material.

【语篇概述】本文是议论文。文章对现代社会的工匠的手艺有没有消亡这一问题进行了讨论。最后, 作者认为工匠的手艺不但没消亡, 反而增强了。

1. What does the underlined word “they” (Paragraph 2)refer to?

A. Carpenters who are fond of oak stairways.

B. Carpenters who have college degrees.

C. People who think highly of carpenters of old days.

D. People who think that modern material is of low quality.

【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“毫无疑问, 这些家被建得很好, 但是这些人所做的是把用在房屋上的材料的质量与他们精湛的手艺结合起来了。”这说明有此观点的人是赞扬古代工匠的人。

2. Compared with the carpenters in the past, modern carpenters are__________.

A. more successful

B. more learned

C. more imaginative

D. more hardworking

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句及第四段可知, 现代的工匠比古代的工匠更有学问。

3. What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?

A. People in the past preferred to use oak to build stairways.

B. It is now expensive to employ a carpenter.

C. Modern houses last as long as the old one.

D. Good carpenters still exist in modern times.

【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第三段第一句可知, 如果人们愿意付钱, 现代的工匠也能建造出和那些老房子持续得一样长久的房子。

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Is Craft Dead?

B. Craft, Back to Life?

C. History of Craftsmanship

D. Carpenters Today and Yesterday

【解析】选A。标题归纳题。根据第一段可知, 现代多数人认为随着科技的发展, 工匠的手艺不复存在了。下文就此问题展开讨论。经过分析, 作者认为现代工匠的手艺没有消亡, 而是更先进了。故用A作标题更能吸引读者。其余三项偏离了中心或是平淡无奇。

B

A few years ago, a company called Space Marketing came up with a plan to send a mile-long advertisement into space. To advertising agencies(机构), it would have been “a dream come true”. However, advertising standards agencies finally decided not to allow Space Marketing to go ahead with their plans and they were forced to give them up.

Space may indeed be the final place for advertisers, because on Earth we are already surrounded by advertising wherever we are and whatever we are doing. Apart from the obvious adverts that we see every day on TV, and in newspapers and magazines, there is a whole “other world” of advertising messages for our attention. There are ads that we see on the side of the bus we catch to work, for example. And what about the logos(商标)we see on the clothing of the people we walk past in the streets?

Most of the time, we are probably not even aware of(意识到的)these less obvious advertising methods, but that doesn’t mean that they don’t work. Take“product placement”for example. You are in a cinema, watching the latest Hollywood movie. Look carefully at the make of the car your favorite actor is driving. And what about his watch? Can you see what brand it is? Chances are, you can, and the company that owns the brand is likely to have paid thousands for it to appear in the

film.

So, whether Space Marketing finally succeeds in sending ads into space or not is perhaps less important than it might seem. This would not change a thing. Our everyday lives are already strongly influenced by advertising whether we realize it or not.

【语篇概述】我们的生活中出现了大量的广告, 本文介绍了一家叫Space Marketing的公司提出把一个一英里长的广告送到太空的想法。

5. What happened to the plan of sending an ad into space?

A. It came to nothing.

B. It was a dream come true.

C. It had to wait a few years before it was carried out.

D. It was supported by the advertising standards agencies.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中they were forced to give them up. (他们被迫放弃。)可知这个计划没有被实施。

6. How does the author explain the “other world”of advertising messages?

A. By showing research findings.

B. By explaining research findings.

C. By giving instructions.

D. By using examples.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据下文中There are ads that we see on the side of the bus we catch to work, for example. And what about the

logos we see on the clothing of the people we walk past in the streets? 可看出作者是通过举例子来解释“other world”。

7. As a form of advertising, product placement__________.

A. costs a little

B. doesn’t work

C. is less obvious than TV ads

D. mainly appears in Hollywood movies

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段中Most of the time, we are probably not even aware of these less obvious advertising methods, but that doesn’t mean that they don’t work. Take“product placement”for example. 可知“product placement”是不太明显的广告。

8. What does the author suggest at the end of the text?

A. We live in a world of advertising.

B. We’ve changed a lot because of advertising.

C. Space Marketing leads in the advertising industry.

D. Space ads will mark the beginning of a new world.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Our everyday lives are already strongly influenced by advertising whether we realize it or not. 无论我们意识到与否, 我们的日常生活已经被广告深深地影响到了。故作者认为我们生活在一个充满广告的世界。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

The name of the1artist Picasso is very famous in the West.

Today Picasso2“art”. Picasso started off with various styles of painting until he invented “Cubism(立体派)”.

Picasso’s father was also a painter, a Professor of Art at the local school of fine arts(美术). He taught his son how to draw figures and how to paint3oils and took him to some of the schools of art that he himself4at. Although he was Spanish, Picasso spent much of his life in Paris and never took part in5the Spanish Civil War, World WarⅠor World WarⅡ.

Picasso’s6life was very unconventional(非传统的). He had four children7three different women. In 1961, however, he married and stayed with Jacqueline Roque8the end of his life in 1973.

Picasso produced paintings of acrobats(杂技演员)at the beginning of his9and moved into a different style when he started painting pictures of artists. 10he developed his works into the famous style which is known as“Cubism”. He also created11and wrote poetry.

Picasso produced12paintings than anyone else ever has: 13, 500 paintings, 100, 000 prints and 34, 000 book illustrations. He worked in many different mediums(手段): oils, watercolors, charcoal and pencil. His paintings in the Cubist style started a new movement in art in the 1320th century. Picasso14this style of painting with a colleague, Georges Braque in 1909. They painted objects by15them into small pieces and then viewed and painted them from several angles at once.

16used brown colors for the paintings.

The Cubism Movement started with Picasso and Braque in Montmartre, Paris, and17rapidly among the artists. It began to develop into a second phase(阶段), in which artists added18objects to the painting in various materials, such as cloth or newspapers. In the 1950’s Picasso’s works went through more changes when he started to look at the grand masters of art, like Velasquez.

In his 80’s and 90’s he began to paint a mixture of many styles19 he kept changing. Only after his death did people fully20his great achievements and in 1999 one of his paintings sold for $51 million. 【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了伟大艺术家毕加索的生活及其作品风格等。

1. A. French B. English C. Spanish D. German

【解析】选C。词汇复现题。从第二段的Although he was Spanish, 可看出毕加索是西班牙人。

2. A. is B. means

C. learns

D. makes

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从“art”的引号可看出此处是比喻意义, “今天, 毕加索意味着艺术”, 说明毕加索成了艺术的化身。

3. A. with B. on C. from D. in

【解析】选D。习语搭配题。根据动词paint和oils看出此处表达的是“怎样用油彩绘画”, oil加s, 表示绘画中使用的油彩。in表示用某种

材料绘画、涂抹等。

4. A. played B. studied

C. lived

D. taught

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。上句说毕加索的父亲是当地一所美术学校的教授, 故常带儿子去他教学的学校学习画画。

5. A. among B. either

C. between

D. beyond

【解析】选B。习语搭配题。空白处后有三个事物, 很容易选A项, among后的宾语应该是复数形式; between和and连用; beyond表示“在……之外”; 根据or, 此处选B项, 构成“either. . . or. . . ”, 表示“或者……或者……”。

6. A. real B. old C. public D. private

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。从下文的“He had four children__________three different women. ”看出此处是私生活, priv ate“私人的, 私有的”。

7. A. by B. in C. on D. about

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据different可以看出, 他的四个孩子是由三个不同的女人所生的, 此处by表示由某人所生。

8. A. until B. at C. as D. by

【解析】选A。背景常识题。毕加索和Jacqueline Roque待在一起直到毕加索生命的结束。until表示某个动作持续到某个时间。

9. A. life B. career

C. paintings

D. school

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从“moved into a different style”看出此处指他绘画生涯的开始。

10. A. Accidentally B. Frankly

C. Eventually

D. Fortunately

【解析】选C。词语辨析题。在这一段讲述了三个时间段, 一是at the beginning; 二是when he started; 三是此空白处。从“he developed his works into t he famous style which is known as‘Cubism’”看出这是顶峰时期, 应该填入“最后”之意。A项“偶然地”; B项“坦率地”; D项“幸运地”。

11. A. sculptures B. telephones

C. pictures

D. poems

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。also表明他还有两项爱好, 一是空白处, 二是写诗。poetry是诗的总称, D项poems与poetry重复; C项与上文的paintings重复; 由常识可知B项电话并不是毕加索发明的; 只有A 项“雕塑”, 符合文意。

12. A. fewer B. better C. worse D. more

【解析】选D。习语搭配题。此处构成more. . . than结构, 由下文的作品数量就可推断出他的作品“多于”其他人, 不可能用fewer than“少于”。

13. A. late B. modern

C. early

D. difficult

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。从下文的“in 1909”以及下一段的“The

Cubism Movement started with Picasso and Braque. . . ”看出此处是指20世纪早期, 应填early。

14. A. found B. invented

C. searched

D. protected

【解析】选B。词汇复现题。由第一段“. . . until he invented‘Cubism’”可知Cubist style是他创造的, 用invent。

15. A. separating B. putting

C. throwing

D. dividing

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由“into small pieces”可以看出, 是把某物分割成碎片, 应选dividing。

16. A. He B. It C. They D. We

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。此处They指毕加索和他的同事。从“used brown colors”看出主语应该是人, 与上文with a colleague呼应。

17. A. speeded B. went

C. spread

D. wide

【解析】选C。词语辨析题。从“rapidly among the artists”看出此空白处应该填谓语动词, spread的过去式、过去分词同原形; spread rapidly among the artists意为“迅速在艺术家中传播开”。

18. A. same B. different

C. special

D. extra

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由“artists added”看出, 艺术家要添加一些东西, 既然添加, 那就是在原有基础上, 再加上额外的物体, 因此,

此处填入extra。从文中in various可以排除A项和C项; B项与various 重复。

19. A. when B. that C. who D. what

【解析】选B。句式结构题。由语境及句式结构可知, he kept changing 作styles的定语, 且从句中缺少宾语, 故选B。

20. A. watch B. observe

C. appreciate

D. look

【解析】选C。词语辨析题。直到毕加索死后, 人们才充分领略到他的伟大成就。appreciate欣赏; watch观看; observe观察; look看。Ⅲ. 短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。

修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

An old man had been waiting for the bus stop. After a few minutes, the bus arrived and did not stop. The man who thought it would stop a bit farther, so he started running after the bus. Fortunately, the bus never stop. The man kept follow the bus until he realized that he arrived

home. The man was very happy that he could save a bit money. He happily told his wife, “Honey, today I ran after the buses until arriving home. I didn’t have to pay the fee. ”Surprising, the wife blamed her husband, “Do you know how many yo u could save if you ran after a taxi? ”

答案:

【技法导练】完形填空——前后照应

前后照应是考查考生根据上下文提示信息进行对照分析及推理

的能力。做题时, 考生要正确借助“前置信息”“后置信息”“前后信息”才能做出正确的选择。请按照以下提示题号找出对应信息。

答案：Eventually; invented; Spanish; private; dividing