小升初英语单词、词组、句型及语法总汇
小升初常考单词
一、名词
1、颜色（colour）
红色蓝色黄色橙色绿色粉红色黑色白色棕色灰色紫色相关句型：
2、动物（animal）
猫狗猴熊猫兔子鸭子猪鸟老鼠老虎狮子
蛇牛母鸡熊大象龙长颈鹿斑马绵羊山羊
相关句型：
3、食物（food）
米饭肉鱼汤蛋糕面包热狗可乐豆腐橙汁牛奶水茶奶酪鸡蛋糖果土豆西红柿汉堡包鸡肉炸薯条
咖啡面条花生冰淇淋饼干巧克力
相关句型：
4、水果（fruit）
苹果香蕉梨桃橙子葡萄草莓菠萝西瓜芒果相关句型：
5、衣服（clothes）
衣服T恤衫衬衣外套帽子帽子袜子毛衣裙子短裤裙子鞋子
裤子凉鞋拖鞋口袋游泳衣夹克
相关句型：
6、人体(body)
头脸头发眼睛鼻子嘴耳朵手胳膊腿脚肩膀
膝盖脚趾手指牙齿（复数）
相关句型：
7、数字（number）
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen 一二三四五六七八九十十一十二十三fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty first second third
十四十五十六十七十八十九二十首先第二第三
8、文具
pen pencil ruler eraser bag book pencil-box pencil-case crayon sharpener
钢笔铅笔尺子橡皮书包书铅笔盒铅笔盒蜡笔卷笔刀
9、交通
car bus taxi ship plane boat bike(bicycle ) train motorbike
轿车公共汽车出租车船飞机小船自行车火车摩托车
10、家庭成员
father mother brother sister friend dad mum boy girl man woman 父亲母亲哥哥、弟弟姐姐、妹妹朋友爸爸妈妈男孩女孩男人女人son nephew niece grandpa grandma cousin children aunt uncle
儿子侄子侄女祖父祖母表兄弟、表姐妹儿童姑、姨叔叔
11、职业
teacher doctor nurse driver farmer worker policeman fireman clown acrobat postman 老师医生护士司机农民工人警察消防员小丑演员邮递员12、乐器
flute violin piano drum guitar zither trumpet erhu
笛子小提琴钢琴鼓吉他古筝小号二胡
13、天气
cold hot warm cool snowy rainy sunny windy cloudy
冷热温暖的凉爽的下雪的下雨的阳光充足的有风的有云的
14、家居
house home phone desk chair door window table bed computer
房子房间电话课桌椅子门窗户桌子床电脑
bedroom sitting room bathroom kitchen radio video cooker camera lamp
卧室客厅浴室厨房收音机录像机炊具照相机灯blackboard floor classroom
黑板地面教室
15、运动
football basketball riding table tennis morning-exercises
足球篮球骑车乒乓球早晨练习
二、形容词
tall short long fat thin clever bored angry happy big small lovely 高的矮的长的胖的瘦的聪明的厌烦的生气的高兴的大的小的可爱的sad tired good fine old wet new fast high shy cute nice 伤心的疲劳的好的老的、旧的湿的新的快的高的害羞的可爱的漂亮的naughty hungry favorite left right lost busy dirty blind deaf 淘气的饥饿的喜欢的左边的右边的丢失的忙碌的脏的盲的聋的beautiful retired easy cheap
美丽的疲劳的容易的便宜的
三、动词
am is are thank look help go play watch see sing work read
是是是谢谢看帮助去玩观看看见唱工作读write listen talk walk click shop pay fly run jump hear miss 写听谈论走点击购物支付飞翔跑跳听见想念tell smell cook row want draw make ride wash swim come drink 告诉闻做饭划想要画画制造骑洗游泳来喝put buy eat dance stop like live know close open send please 放买吃跳舞停止喜欢生活知道关闭打开送、递请pass type count travel clean paint agree learn think laugh ride feed 递打印数到达打扫画同意学习想、认为笑骑喂养let
让
四、代词
人称代词主格:
I you he she it we you they
我你他她它我们你们他们
人称代词宾格：
me you him her it us you them
我你他她它我们你们他们
形容词性物主代词：
my your his her its our your their
我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的
名词性物主代词：
mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的... 你的... 他的... 她的... 它的... 我们的... 你们的... 他们的...
小升初常考语法
一、Do you …? 的用法
如：Do you use chopsticks in England?
肯定回答：Yes, we do。
否定回答：No, we don’t。
这个句型是在询问某人是否做某事的情况下用的，在回答这类疑问句时，注意人称和肯定、否定用法就可以了。
二、现在进行时态的用法
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be+主语+动词ing?
如：What are you doing?
陈述句：主语+be+动词ing。
如：We’re making a cake。
这个时态用于强调正在进行的动作、事情。注意be动词的用法和现在分词的写法就可以了。(现在分词就是动词的ing形式，书第九页上面部分，是对学生已经学习的现在分词的总结)。
三、Can 引导的疑问句及陈述句的用法
1、询问他人是否会做某事：Can + 主语+ do sth?
如：Can you run fast? 肯：Yes, I can. 否：No, I can’t。
2、询问自己是否可以吃(喝)某东西：Can I have…?
肯Yes, you can. 否：No, you ca n’t。
3、Can 引导的陈述句。肯定句：主语+ Can+ do sth. 如：This bird can fly。
否定句：主语+ Can’t + do sth。如：You can’t go out。
四、完成时态 have/ has got的用法
1、陈述句。单数第三人称作主语时：主语+ has got + sth. 如：LIjie has got a pet。
其他人称作主语时：主语+ have got + sth. 如：I have got a new kite。
2、疑问句。单数第三人称作主语时：Has + 主语+got sth? 如：Has she got a cold?
其他人称作主语时：Have + 主语+got sth? 如：Have you got a headache?
have/ has got表示的是拥有，也表示患了什么病。
五、将来时态be + going to 的用法
1、陈述句。主语+be + going to do… . 如：I’m going to run a race. 我将要参加赛跑。
主语+be + going t o be …. 如：I’m going to be a doctor. 我要成为一名医生。
2、一般疑问句：be +主语+ going to do…? 如：Are you going to go to Hong Kong?
肯：Yes, I am. 否：No, I’m not。
3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be+主语+going to…? 如：What are you going to do ?
答：I’m going to …。
六、How many …句型及 There be 句型的用法
1、These\those的用法。These 指与自己距离较近的。Those指与自己距离较远的。它们都是指复数名词的，
所以后面的名词一定要是复数的。如：These are some ducks。
2、How many …句型。用于询问数量的，需注意的是它后面接的可数名词要是复数，
如：How many stone aninals are there? There are 24.
回答用There be 句型。
小升初常考词组句型
1、allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事（后接动词不定式）
My father allowed me to go out for a walk after finishing my homework.
2、asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）
My father asked me to study hard.
He asked me not to swim alone.
be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事
I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.
3、be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
She is afraid to ask me questions.
4、be afaid of doing sth 害怕做某事
I am afraid of going out at night.
5、be afaid of sth 害怕某物
He is afraid of snakes.
6、be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
He was amazed to meet the girl there.
be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶
They were amazed at the news.
7、be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事（常考）
I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时候我正忙于清洗我的车子。
I am busy with my work.
8、be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying（某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来）
The bus is coming/the dog is dying.
9、be excited to do sth 对做……感到兴奋
Jacky was excited to travel there by plane.
be excited at sth
Lily was excited at his words.
be excited about doing sth
He was excited about passing the exam without going overing books.
10、be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事
Sam is frightened to ride a horse.
11、be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事
She is happy to clean the blackboard with me.
be pleased to do sth高兴做某事
She was pleased to help the old man yesterday.
be pleased with sth 对某事感到高兴/满意
The teacher was pleased with my answer.
12.be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣
She is interested in swimming in the river.
My btother is interested in Chinese.
13. be/get ready for/to do sth
be ready for sth 为某事做好了准备
We are ready for the exam.
be ready to do sth 为做某事做好了准备
We are ready to have a birthday party for her.
get ready for sth为某事在做准备
We are getting ready for the exam.
get ready for sth 为做某事而做准备
13、be sorry to do sth 对做某事感到抱歉
14、be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇
be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇
15、be worth doing sth 值得做某事（worth 后接动词-ing形式，常考）
16、begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing sth 开始去做某事
17、can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力购买（供）……
18、can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth
19、can't wait to do sth 迫不急待地去做某事
20、decide to do sth 决定去做某事
make up one's mind to do sth 下决心去做某事（常考）
make a decision to do sth 对做某事作出决定
21、deserve to do sth 值得/应该做……
22、encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事
23、enjoy doing sth 乐意去做某事
24、expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事
25、fail to do sth 做某事失败
succeed doing sth 成功做了某事
26、finish doing sth 做完某事（后接动词-ing形式）（常考）
27、follow sb to do sth 跟随某人去做某事
28. 让某人做某事（后接动词原形）
get sb to do sth
make sb do sth
let sb do sth
29、get/have a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会
30、give/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb
buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb
31、go on to do sth 继续做事（常考）
go on doing sth 继续做事（常考）
32、hate to do/doing sth 讨厌/不喜欢做某事
33、have fun doing sth
34、have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困难
35、让某人做某事（后接动词原形）
have sb do sth
have sth done
have sth to do 有事要做
36、hear sb do sth 听到某人做某事（后接动词原形，常考）
hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事（常见）
37、help to do sth 帮忙做某事
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
38、hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
39、I t seems that 这像是……（后接从句）
seem to do sth
seem +adj
40、It's + adj+(for sb) to do sth .
It's+adj +(of sb) to do sth
It's glad for him to hear the news.
41、It takes sb some time/money to do sth . 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
42、pay …for…cost spend…on….、it take …to do sth
43、It's best for sb to do sth、对某人来说做某事是最好的
had better do sth 最好做某事（注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形）
44、It's time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了
45、keep (on)doing sth 坚持做某事（常考）
keep sb doing sth 让某人做某事（常考）
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事（常考）
keep sb/sth +adj
keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天（不要用borrow或lend）
46、learn to do sth 学做某事
learn sth from sb 向某人学习
47、like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事
like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事
48、need to do sth 需要做某事
need doing sth/to be done
need sth needn't do sth
49、prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿……而不愿……（常考）
prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做……胜过做……
I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来，我更爱读书。
prefer to do sth 喜欢（爱）做某事
50、refuse to do sth 拒绝做……
51.（常考）
remember/forget to do sth 记得/忘记做某事
remember/forget doing sth 记得/忘记做过某事
52、see sb do sth 看见某人做某事（结果）
see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（正在进行中）
be seen to do sth 做某事被看见
53、something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西（词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词）
I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。
54、spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花费时间做某事（注意动词要用ing形式）（常考）
spend some money on sth/doing sth 买……花了多少钱
55、Sth is hard/difficult/easy to do 、做好某事很难/容易
56、stop to do sth 停下来去某事（两件事）（常考）
stop doing sth 停止做某事（一件事）（常考）
stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事（常考）
57、take turns to do sth 轮流做……
58、tell sb (not) to do sth 叫某人去（不要）做某事
be told to do sth 被告知不要做某事
59、There is no need (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说没必要做某事
60、There is no time (for sb ) to do sth
have no time to do sth 没时间做某事
61、too…(for sb) to …太……以致不能……so…that…not…enough to do
The boy is too young to go to school. 那男孩太小了以致不能上学。
62、try/do one's best to do sth 尽力去做某事
try to do sth 试着（图）做某事
63、used to do sth 过去常做某事( used to be + adj/a +n)
Mr wang used to be a teacher worker、王先生过去是一位工人。
I used to live in the country、过去我住在农村。
64、want/would like to do sth 想做……
want/would like sb to do sth 想某人做……
feel like doing sth 喜爱做某事（注意like后接动词ing形式）
65、warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）
66、为什么不……（表建议的句型，注意用动词原形）
Why don't you do sth ?
Why not do sth ?
表示建议的句型还有：What How about……?（如果是动词，要用ing形式）
Shall we……?
67、Would you like (sb) to do sth ?Yes, I'd love to .
68、Would you mind doing sth ? 你介意做某事吗？
Never mind/Not at all/of course not/certainly not . （从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了）
69、Would you please (not) do sth 你可不可以不做……？
70、finish doing sth enjoy doing sth practise doing sth be good at doing sth
stop sb from doing sth go on doing sth be busy doing sth see/hear/watch sb doing sth feel like doing sth hate doing sth like doing sth do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth be interested in doing sth make a contribution to
第一讲名词和名词的数
名词是：人名、地名、事物名、抽象概念的名称的词。
名词分为：专有名词和普通名词。
（一）专有名词有：人名、地名、国家名、某国人、语言名、（Liming）（Beijing）（China、Japan）（Chinese、Japanese）（Chinese、）
星期、月份、节日名
（Sunday）（January）（New Year’s Day）
专有名词的首写字母一定要大写，前面不能用冠词。
（二）普通名词有：可数名词和不可数名词
１．可数名词有：个体名词和集体名词。
可数名词单数（个体名词）＝１，一般在名词前面加上冠词a/an。
复数>１一般加“ｓ”。
⊙语法重点--名词变复数：
①一般情况加s：地图maps；书包bags；老师teachers；橘子oranges；玫瑰roses；猫cats；床beds
“s”发音要注意：清对清，读/s/；浊对浊；读/z/；元音对浊音读/z/
/s、z、d?/后读/iz/
“ts”读/ts/；“ds”读/dz/
②单词结尾是s、sh、ch、x + es、发音读/iz/：
女服务员们穿着连衣裙拿着玻璃杯坐着公共汽车，去上课。
waitress-dress- glass- bus- class-
盒子里走出几只狐狸，端着碟子，拿着刷子，戴着手表，吃着桃子来到海滩上，看教练训鸵鸟。
box- fox-dish- brush-watch- peach- beach- coach- ostrich-
③以o结尾分两种
1）加es：黑人Negro- 英雄hero- 土豆potato- 西红柿tomato- 要加es
2）加s：
竹林边有照相馆；钢琴上有收音机；动物园里有袋鼠的照片
bamboo- studio- piano- radio- zoo- kangaroo- photo-
④以y结尾的分两种：
1）辅音字母加上y结尾的单词，把y变成i，再加es：
国家城市有工厂；图书馆里有词典；婴儿爱好听故事
country-city- factory- library- dictionary- baby- hobby- story-
家庭聚会吃草莓。
family- party- strawberry-
2）元音字母加上y结尾的单词，直接加s：boy- toy- key-
⑤以f，fe结尾的名词，变f，fe为ves
妻子拿刀去宰狼，吓得小偷忙逃亡，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光
wife- knife- wolf- thief- shelf- self- life- half- leaf-
⑥特殊名词特殊记：
1）关于各种人的复数
男人、女人和商人、英法联盟a变e，
man- woman businessman- Englishman- Frenchman-
中日友好（单，复）是一致
Chinese- Japanese-
其他一律加s：German- American-
2）中，日，瑞士人喜欢鱼、绵羊、鹿，
Chinese，Japanese，Swissfish- sheep-deer-
3）另外我们经常会考到一些名词的特殊形式有
小孩child- 小孩也是“ren”
老鼠mouse- 老鼠爱大米(rice)
4）脚和牙齿oo变ee：foot- tooth-
2 集体名词
集体名词定义：表示同一类别的人、动物或物件的集合体的名称叫做集体名词。
集体名词中有的是可数名词，如：family （家庭）、group （小组）、team （队）、police （警察），有的是不可数名词，如：clothing （衣服）、furniture （家具），但在形式上都用单数形式。
people（人们）, police（警察）, family（家庭）, team（队）, group（组）, crowd（人群）, cattle（牛群），class （班级）等均为集体名词。这些词表示一个整体概念时看作单数，强调集体中的成员时作复数看待。
一句话语法：“人们、警察、家庭、队、组，人群、牛群”，都是集体。
强调整体，用作单数，强调成员，当成复数。变来变去，形式单数。
但不管是当作单数还是复数，这些词在形式上仍是单数，即单数形式单、复数意义。如：
His family is a large family. 他的家是个大家庭。
His family are workers. 他的家人都是工人。
一给下列的名词加上复数的形式
book map cat picture house watch bus dress
class classroom glass brush dish month mouth
box boy baby story lady family day
key monkey photo radio piano zoo tomato potato leaf knife wife man woman
Frenchman child Chinese German fish foot
tooth mouse sheep parent Japanse
二填单词并用词的适当形式天空
1.It is raining. Please take your （伞）.
2.Listen！Mr.Wood is playing the （钢琴）
3.There are a lot of (邮票) in my box.
4.It is 300 (千米)from Beijing to Shijiazhuang.
5.These (小孩) are playing on the playground.
6. These balls are five (美元).
7. In ____________(春天), we often fly kite in the park
8. I wanted some special (礼物)from Canada.
9.Li Ming likes______ (零食) very much.10. He likes playing (电脑) games.
11. Are_________ (这些) your friends？12. Do you always do your (作业)？
13. .The _______ (窗户) of the room are very big.
14. That is Jenny’s ________ (卧室).15. There are some (小鸟)in the sky.
16．There are sixty (分钟)in an hour
17. I bought some (东西) in the store .
18.What is your favourite (运动）
19．The (花) bloom in spring.
20.There are twelve (月)in a year.
不可数名词
1、不可数名词分为：物质名词和抽象名词。
①物质名词不可数：
物质名词是材料、食品、饮料以及固体、液体和气体的名称。
米饭面包肉，牛奶水和茶
rice /rais/bread/bred/meat/mi:t/milk/milk/water/ 'wot ? / tea/ti:/
②抽象名词不可数：抽象名词是性质、状态、动作、概念等的名称。
时间就是金钱挣钱就要有人帮助找工作
time/taim/money /m?ni/ help /help / work /w?:k/
工作环境要天气好，温度舒适
weather /'we?? / temperature /×temprit∫?/
不可数名词，前面不能有a/an，后面不能加s，要按第三人称单数（以下简称三单）来对待。
2、不可数名词量的表示
①表示不确定的数量时，不可数名词常用some (一些)，little (几乎没有), a little (一点儿),
much (许多), a lot of (许多)等来修饰，如：There is a little water in the glass. I have a lot of homework to do。
②表示确切的数量时，不可数名词要用“不定冠词或数词＋计量名词＋of”这一结构来修饰。常见的计量名词有glass (玻璃杯), cup (杯), bag (包), bottle (瓶), piece (块，片), bowl(碗)、pair(双)等，这些计量名词都是可数名词，有复数形式。不可数名词在表达复数意义是，相应的量词变为复数，相应地，后面的谓语用复数形式。
a glass of milk 一玻璃杯牛奶two cups of tea 两杯茶
三瓶啤酒四玻璃杯果汁
五张纸六碗米饭
七袋苹果八双鞋
仔细观察发现：在可数名词的复数里，如果是表示双的事物，一般都要用a pair of glasses(一副眼镜) socks （袜子）/shoes（鞋子）/ sandals(拖鞋,凉鞋)/ shorts（一条短裤）
3、有些名词既能作可数名词，又能作不可数名词，但意义有所不同
a glass 一个玻璃杯glass 玻璃
可数名词 a paper 一张报纸不可数名词paper 纸
a dress 一件连衣裙dress (统指)衣服
a fish 一条鱼fish 鱼肉
解题技巧篇
小升初题型之单数句变复数句
同学们在做句型转换练习时,一定见过不少“将单数句变成复数句”的习题吧!不少学生在做这类练习题时总会有点“顾此失彼”?那么如何才能正确?完整地将单数句变成复数句呢?请走进“非常6+1”之单数句变复数句?
例句①I am a student. ②It is an red apple. ③This is my friend. ④She is a woman doctor.
⑤What color is the flower? ⑥He is at home.
1 人称代词主格要由单数形式变为复数形式即:I→we,you→you (you的单复数形式相同)
he (she, it)→they?
①②
④⑥
2 am, is要变为are
①②
③④
⑤⑥
3 不定冠词a/an要去掉
①②
③
4 指示代词this和that要分别变为these或those
①
5 可数名词单数要变为其相应的复数形式
①②
③④
⑤⑥
6 man或woman作定语修饰可数名词时,在整个句子变成复数句的情况下,也要变为复数形式
men?women.
单数句变复数句时,句中的形容词?定冠词?副词?疑问词?介词短语和感叹词等都保持不变.
②④
⑤⑥
第二讲代词
基础语法篇-代词是代替名词的词(pron.)。主语用主格，宾语用宾格。形容词性物主代词用在名词前。名词性物主代词，当做名词来用。
人称代词总表格
我你他她它我们你们他／她／它们人称代词主格I you he she it we you they
宾格me you him her it us you them
物主代词我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他／她／它们的
形容词性my your his her its our your their
名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代词我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己我们自己你们自己他／她它们自己Myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
一、人称代词用于表示人的称谓的代词就是人称代词
1、人称代词写法一句话语法：人称代词分主宾，只有八对要区分，你，it 和你们，主格宾格是同型
人称代词表格
人称单数复数
主格宾格主格宾格
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
2人称代词用法：一句话语法：主格定把主语做，宾格做宾不会错。
宾格做宾指的主要是宾格做宾语，常用在动词和介词之后。例如：
He will teach us English next term.下学期他将教我们英语。（动词之后）
I wrote a letter to him last week.上周我给他写了一封信。（介词之后）
3、第三人称单数（三单）
在英语语法中，有一个十分重要的人称，那就是第三人称单数。在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚，现归纳总结如下：
①人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如：
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
②单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：
Liming looks like his mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
③单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。
The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
④不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。
This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
⑤不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：
The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
⑥当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：
"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。
4、第三人称单数形式
三单做主语时，后面的be动词，在一般现在时的时态下，用is。
后面的实意动词，用第三人称单数形式。
动词的三单形式变化规则：
一般词尾加s：（清清；浊浊；元浊）
ch,s, sh后+ es：读/iz/
o结尾+ es：go，do-goes/g ?u z/，does/ d ? z/
辅+ y结尾变i加es：读/z/
二给出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。
help_______ listen_______write______tell_______ come study____ try____ fly_____cry____
stay_____buy____ say______ do______go______ ride_______show_____
draw_____push_______finish______watch
teach_______ kiss____ make________ have live want need
三用所给词的适当形式填空
1. We often ___________ (play) in the playground.
2. He _________ (get) up at six o'clock.
3. Danny ____________ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.
4. Mike sometimes __________ (go) to the park with his sister.
5 At eight at night, she ____________ (watch) TV with her parents.
6.I (want) to play ball.
7.He (go) to school everyday.
8. Lily (like) to go to the zoo.
9.My parents sometimes (tell) me a story.
10.She always (get) up late.
11. Winter (come) after summer.
12. Jack usually (do) his homework at home.
13. I usually (go) to school at 7 o’clock.
14. Elephants (like) to eat peanuts.
15. My friend usually (go) to school by bike.
四单选
1 Is she your aunt? Yes, ______.
A. she’s
B. her is
C. she is
D. he is
2 Are ________coats yours? Yes, they are .
A. they
B. these
C. this
D. there
3 _______ is my friend. ________ name is Li Ming.
A. He, His
B. She, Her
C. He, My
D. She, His
4 My aunt ________dancing, and I ________ singing.
A like; like
B like; likes
C likes; like
D liking.like
5 Can you teach English?A us B we C ours D our
6 Your coat is nice. Please _________.
A put it on
B put on it
C put on
D put it
7 Jenny____ English every evening.
A has study
B studies
C study
D studied
8 My father newspaper every morning.
A. read
B. reads
C. is reading D reading
9. I usually up early.
A. get
B. gets
C. am getting
D. will get
10. Tom usually his hair in the morning.
A. wash
B. washes
C. is washing D washs
11.Can you pass the letter for ?
Amine B me C I D my
12.Let help
Aus,they Bwe,them C us,them D we,they
13.My parents love me,and I love ,too
A it
B him
C them
D they
14.Thank you for helping
A he Bhim C we Dtheir
15 are in the same class.
A I and you
B you and me
C you and I
D you and us
物主代词和名词的格
用来表示某物的所属关系的代词叫物主代词，翻译时要加上“的”
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1、物主代词的写法一句话语法：一加二留五S
物主代词表
数人称类别单数复数
第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的
2、物主代词的用法，形容词性物主代词作定语，用以修饰其后面的名词。例如：
my book his ruler our teacher
名词性物主代词作名词用，因此，后面不能再跟名词。它在句中作主语、表语、宾语及与of构成短语作定语。例如：
The book is mine.
名词所有格
在英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格。
如：a teacher's book 一本老师的书
名词所有格的规则如下：
①单数名词词尾加"' s "，如the boy's bag 那男孩的书包
②若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加" ' "，如：the teachers’office老师的办公室
③如果是复数，但不带-s词尾，则仍加“’s”：the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
④一般说来，主要是表示“人”的名词后加“s”，但在少数其他名词后也可以加它。如：
1) 表示时间的名词：today’s paper?今天的报纸
2) 表示集体的名词：government’s view?政府的看法
3) 表示国家、城市等的名词：country’s capital国家的首都
4) 表示某些机构的名称：the hotel’s entrance旅馆的门口
5）表示自然现象的名词：the moon's rays 月光
6）表示度量衡及价值的名词，如：a mile's distance 一英里的距离twenty dollars' value
⑤在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如肉铺叫a butcher’s shop ，但通常略写为a butcher’s 。类似情况下的shop, house, office都可以省略：a tailor’s裁缝铺// a barber’s理发店// a doctor’s诊所// my sister’s我姐姐的家// stationer’s文具店// Chaplin’s卓别林的家
⑥如果表示两人共有的概念，则只在第二名词词尾加"'s"，如：Lucy and Lily's room 表示露希和莉莉共有一个房间。
⑦凡不能加’s的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系。例如the title of the song 歌的名字，a map of China 一张中国地图
（1）单数代词：
①you ②he,she ③I：如：you and I ; you and he ; he and I ; you,he and I.
（2）复数：：①we ②you ③they
如：we and they ; we and you ; you and they ; we,you and they.
（3）第三人称男女两性并用时，男先女后：he and she.
（4）承认过失，表示不吉祥的事，或不好的意思时，单数按1、3、2人称排列，复数按3、2、1人称排列。
如：I,he and you will be scolded for being late.
They ,you and we should leave her atonee.
（5）如果和比自己身份低的人或动物并排时，说成：I and my children , I and cat等。
二用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
2. That is _______( she ) sister.
3. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
4. bike is broken. ( I )
5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Thanks for helping _____(I)
9. ______ (Ann安)mother is _____(we) teacher.
10.This is (we) house.This house is (we).
三按要求填写单词
1.I am (缩写词) _____
2. men(单数) _________
3. it’s (全写形式) ______
4. you are(缩写词)_______
5. Let’s ( 全写形式) _______
6. feet (单数) ___
7. he ( 宾格) _______8. mine (形容词性物主代词) ______9.he(复数)
10．babies（单数）______11. leaves(单数) _______12.watches(单数) ________
13.child (复数) _________14.there (同音词) _____ 15.be(三单形式)________
16 have(三单形式) 17 study(三单形式) 18.her(主格) 四单选
1-Is that __________ uncle?- No, it isn’t.
A. he
B. she
C. her
D. hers.
2 Kate is a good girl. ＿often helps us learn English.
A. I
B. You
C. She
D. We
3 Liming is my good friend. ＿favorite food is chicken.
A. His
B. Her
C. She
D. He
4 Li Ming is one of my best _____________.
A. friends
B. friend
C. the friends
D. a friends
5 _______your father older than your uncle?
A. Is
B. Are
C. Am
D. Was
6 After breakfast, Jenny brushes ________ teeth.
A. she
B. her
C. him
D. he
7 Your pen is red, but ______ is white.
A. my
B. I
C. mine
D. you
8 I usually ride ______ bicycle to go to school.
A.I
B. my
C. me
D. she
9.This bedroom is _______. And that one is __________.
A. your, my
B. yours, my
C. yours, mine
D. your, mine
10. ----_________I help you? -----Sure.
A. Am
B. Should
C. Would
D. May
11 Li Lei is doing _______ homework at home.
A. his
B. he
C. him
D. my
12 .My bag is white, ______ is red.
A. you
B. your
C. yours
D. yours’
13.Li Cheng is ______ bus driver.
A. us
B. our
C. we
D. I
14.I want a coat ______ my son. Because _______cold.
A. to , its
B. to, it’s
C. for, it’s
D. for, its
15 My dress is green.What about ?
A. you
B. your
C. yours
D. you’re
16 Is this computer ours?No, it’s
A.they
B. ours
C. their
D. theirs
17 Her handwriting is much better than
A.mine
B. I
C. my
D. me
18 This is____ Chinese stamp, that is___ English stamp.
A. a, an
B. a, a C . an, an D. an, a
五翻译
1 他喜欢他的妹妹。
2 李明每天8点做家庭作业。
3 我最喜欢的食物是米饭。
4 她最喜欢的学科是语文。
5 他最喜欢的运动是打篮球。
6 我有一只小兔子，它的眼睛是红色的。
7 这是我的钢笔。你的是红色的。
8 这个书包是他的。那个书包是你的。
9 这些苹果是你们的。那些苹果是我们的。
10 （提高题）李林是我的一个同学。
反身代词
反身代词的最大特点就是动作的发出者和接受者是同一个人，翻译时译成“X（指人称代词）自己”
1 反身代词写法
一句话语法：反身代词有规律，形物主加self,
第三人称很特殊，要用宾格self。
反身代词表
人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称
单数
复数
2、反身代词用法：反身代词指动作反身到动作的执行者本身或进行强调。一般用来做动词或介词的宾语，表示动作返回到执行者本身，即主语和宾语是指同一个人或同一些人或物。常与反身代词连用的动词有
enjoy,dress,hurt,help,teach及介词by,in,for,of
例如：I hope they can enjoy themselves at the party. 我希望他们在晚会上玩得开心。
Please help yourself to some fruit.请随便吃些水果！
He lost himself in the music.他沉浸在音乐里。
3、反身代词的常用词组
teach oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 过的愉快
come to oneself 苏醒
make yourself(yourselves) at home不必拘束
help oneself to 随便吃
by oneself 靠某人自己
hurt oneself 伤了自己
look after oneself=take care of oneself 照顾自己
devote oneself to 献身于
say to oneself 自言自语
lost oneself in 沉浸于
其它代词
1指示代词
用来指示或标识人或事物的代词指示代词。
指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样，都具有指定的含义。
指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词，例如：限定词：This girl is Mary.Those men are my teachers.
代词：This is Mary.Those are my teachers
指示代词表
单数复数意义
这个/些空间、时间上的近指
那个/些空间、时间上的远指
2 不定代词
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词是不定代词。
英语中不定代词有：
some（something，somebody，someone），
any（anything，anybody，anyone），
no（nothing，nobody，no one），
every（everything，everybody，everyone），
all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither 常见的不定代词的一般用法表：
分类都都不任何（一个）每（一个）另一个
涉及两者时bothneithereithereachthe other
涉及三者及三者以上时allnoneanyeveryanother
Some和any都表示一些的意思一般情况下，some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。
3 疑问代词
疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个：
指人：who, whom, whose
指物：what
既可指人又可指物：which
在一般疑问中，疑问代词位于句首，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。
小升初题型之含有Be的各种题型
Be动词是我们必须掌握的一个重要概念，虽然be动词少，但是由于其形式多变，给很多同学的英语学习造成了一定的困难，下面主要就be动词作一个专题复习。
Be”的原形是“be”在一般现在时中，它有三种表现形式，分别是：
和代词放在一起变为I am, you are, he/she/it is, we are, you are, they are,
what /who/whose/which/where/ is
缩略形式I'm, you're, he's/she’s/it’s, we're, you're, they're
what /who/whose/which/where’s
否定缩略式I'm not, it isn't/ it’s not , you aren't / you’re not
现在进行时中，有一种表现形式, 即am, is, are
在过去时中，有两种表现形式，分别是was were
在完成时中，有一种表现形式,即has/have been
在小升初阶段，我们做含有be的练习主要涉及到的时态是现在时和过去时。
当堂练姓名日期月日正确率
一用be的适当形式填空
1. Where my coat? Look! It here.
2. you an English teacher? Yes, I .
3. Who this boy? He my brother.
4. Here a pear for you.
5. the teachers in the office?
6. These oranges for you.
7 What colour your ruler? 8. Mr Green a good teacher.
9. Jim your classmate? Yes, he 10. You and me good friends.
11. I an English teacher 12. the man your teacher?
13. you a new doctor?
14. Who the woman over there? She Miss Brown.
15.There ________ many monkeys in the mountain.
16.There _________some water in the glass.
17.There many white clouds in the sky.
18.Five and six eleven.
19.How your father?He isill.How old he? he 10 years old.
20.Who he? Who these girls?
二单选
1. -What is time? ---It is 1:00. A. the B. a C. an D./
2. This shirt is 30_________, that one is 30 _______.
A. yuans, dollars
B. yuan, dollar
C. yuans, dollar
D. yuan, dollars
3. Lets ask him for some _______. A. helps B. help C. helping D. helped
4. I like ________ and ________.
A. hamburger; chicken
B. hamburgers; chickens
C. hamburgers; chicken
D. hamburger; chickens
5. He likes eating ______ and drinking ______.
A. meat ; milks
B. meats ; milk
C. meat; milk
D. meats; milks
6. ______ do you need?
A. How many bread
B. How many breads
C. How much bread
D. How much breads
7. What time do you have _______?At six thirty in the morning.
A. lunch
B. breakfast
C. dinner
D. meals
8. “What’s that?”“It’s _______.” A. phone B. ball C. book D. milk
9. Would you like something to drink, _______ or coffee, please?Coffee, please.
A. tea
B. fruit
C. bread
D. meat
10. I’m thirsty. I think I’d buy some_______. A. juice B. juices C. bread D. breads
11. Some _______ is on the table. A. apples B. oranges C. meat D. tomato
12. Can you see nine _____ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse
13 My parents have ______ ______ .
A. much; money
B. many; moneys
C. much; moneys
D. many; money
14. We want to buy lots of ________. A. food B. foods C. salts D. papers
15. There is _____ ______ this week for you.
A. much; works
B. many; works
C. much; work
D. many; work
16. There some juice in the bottle. A.are B.is C.do D./
17. Jill is _____ now. A 18 years old. B 18 year C 18 year old D. 18 year olds
18. I _________Ann. You _________Sam and she _________ Kate.
A. is, am, are
B. are, is, am
C. am, is, are
D. am, are, is
19. are my sisters A.This B.that C.these D.she
20.Are those cars? Yes, A. they are B.those are C.they’re D.these are
21.These are great pictures.I like
A.they,much
B.them,very much
C.they,very much
D.them,much
22.Is her name Jenny? A.Yes,she is B. Yes, it is C.No,he isn’t D.No,it is.
23. Is your friend a boy _____ a girl? ---She is a girl. A. and B. or C. but D. of
24. Look, this is _____ umbrella, that is _____ boot..
A . a , an B. an. a C. an, the D. a, the
25.Is Ann a student or a teacher?
A .Yes,she is a student B.She is pupil C. She is a teacher. D. Yes,she is a teacher.
提高题Let’s __________ good friends.
A. be
B. are
C. is
D. am
三句型转换
1、Lucy is a new student(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
a new student? ，.
2、This is my ruler .(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
this ruler? ，
3、The baseball is under the bed.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
under the bed? , .
4、The basketballs are on the sofa. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ ________ on the sofa?
5、Her notebooks are on the table.(改为一般疑问句) her notebooks ?
6、It is on the dresser.(改为一般疑问句) on the dresser？
7、There is some juice in the bottle.( 改为一般疑问句) in the bottle?
8、They are playing the toys now.(改为否定句)
9、This is his dictionary(改为复数句)
10、What is this in English? (改为复数句)
11、Those are orange buses.(改为单数句子) _____ _______ _______ _______ bus.
12、These are my friends.(改为单数句) my .
13、Danny isn’t strong enough to throw the ball. (变成肯定句)
14、Is your notebook on the desk?(改为陈述句) on the desk.
15、Is it a baseball next to the computer? (作否定回答)No, .
16、This is a backpack.(对划线部分提问) this?
17、His telephone number is 130********. (对划线部分提问) his telephone number?
18、It is Sunday today. (对划线部分提问) Today?
19、Her mother is fine. (对划线部分提问) her mother?
20、His birthday is on the 12 th of November(对划线部分提问)
his birthday?
21、Ｉt is April 12th today. (对划线部分提问) today?
22、My favourite sport is soccer. (对划线部分提问) your favourite sport?
23、My pen is red (对划线部分提问) is pen?
24、The watch is seventy-two yuan(对划线部分提问) Is the watch?
25、What’s the weather like?(改为同义句) the weather?
四选择适当的疑问词填空
a. what
b. how much
c. does
d. do
e. would
f. who
g. how many
h. where
i. are
j. how old
1________ wants to go on a trip?
2________is the temperature in summer?
3________ children are there on the playground?
4________ is the umbrella?5_______ are you going on a trip?
6________ anyone in your country speak English?
7________are you,Jim?8_______ you usually go to school by bicycle?
9________you a student, Linda? 10_______ you like some juice?
第三讲句子的分类
一句话语法
英语句子两大类，
就像我们两条腿，
主系表、主谓宾，
要想走路两腿分。
英语句子两大类：
一无动作，表状态，主系表。I am a student.
二有动作，表动作，主谓（宾）。I study English.
(一)无动作，表状态，主系表。
主
+系be +表
名词I am a student. 我是老师。
名词代词am is are
形容词You are young . 你们年轻。
介词短语My mother is at home.我妈在家。
（二）有动作，表动作，主谓（宾）
I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
She likes football 她喜欢足球。
主+ 谓+ 宾
名词代词原形三单名词代词
第四讲动词
动词是表示动作和状态的词。
动词（verb.缩写v.）按类别分为：行为动词（vt及物，vi不及物）、连系动词（系动词）、情态动词、助动词。
1、行为动词：表示行为、动作或状态的词，他的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。
We live in a house. 我们住在一座房子里。其中live 是vi.
He has a round face.他有一张圆脸。其中has是vt.
在一般现在时这个时态中，如果主语是三单，那么谓语动词应用三单形式：Tom likes playing basketball.
2、系动词:表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它的词义完整，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。
.她是个女孩。
.我们在一年级八班。
Be 动词的词义是“是”时，在句中常常不译出。
联系动词可具体分为：
①表示“是”。Be这个词，在不同的时态下有不同的形式，要特别注意。
②表示“感觉”的词，后面的表语要用形容词。
look(看起来) It looks very nice.它看起来很漂亮。其中look是linking verb
表示感觉的还有sound (听起来)，smell (闻起来)，taste (尝起来)，feel (感觉起来)等等。
它听起来很好。
3、助动词：是帮助动词的词，本身无词义。构成否定或疑问，构成时态和语态。有be/do/does/have/has/will 等。
. 我不喜欢踢足球。是助动词，构成否定。
. 李明的爸爸喜欢看电视吗？是助动词，构成疑问。
.他们正在听音乐。是助动词，构成时态。
.我们将乘自行车去学校。是助动词，构成时态。
Lily has finished her homework.丽丽已经完成它的作业了。是助动词，构成时态。
4、情态动词：是表示情态的动词，很像助动词，但是有词义。不能单独做谓语，要加动词原形一起做谓语。没有人称数的变化，但是有时态。否定句，情态动词后面加not.疑问句，情态动词放在句首。情态动词包括can(能) may （可以）must（必须）need（需要）should（应当）
.我会说英语。. 他不会说英语。
. 你会游泳吗？是的，我会。不，我不会。
注意：must的疑问句中，肯定回答是must,否定回答用needn’t
我们现在必须走吗？
.是的，你们必须走。
.不，你们不必走。
解题技巧篇
小升初题型之含有实意动词的题型
动词是英语中最重要的词类。可以说没有动词就没有句子，那么碰到含有动词尤其是实意动词的题时，我们该如何解决呢？首先我们先复习一下在一般现在时的情况下，实意动词的形式
1 肯定句中，当主语是三单时，谓语动词用三单形式。
她经常在晚上做作业。
珍妮早饭经常吃面包。
.他每天都刷牙。
2 一般疑问句中：结构是助动词+主语+实意动词+各类状语
肯定回答：yes, 主语+助动词
否定回答：No, 主语+助动词+not
3 否定句中：结构是主语+助动词+not+实意动词+各类状语.
当堂练姓名日期月日正确率
一单选
1、The movie makes me A. crying B.cry C. cried D. cries
2、Are you Li Ping? ＿. A. No, I am B. Yes, I’m not C. I’m Li Lei D. No, I’m not
3、－Is that a pencil? －＿. It’s a ruler. A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isn’t C. No, that isn’t D. No, it is
4、- Does he have a baseball? - A. Yes, he has B. No, he hasn’t C. Yes, he does D. No, he doesn’t
5、My sister ＿a new bike, but I ＿one.
A. don’t have, have
B. doesn’t has, have
C. doesn’t have, have
D. don’t have, has
6、My brother Sam ＿like flying in a plane. A. don’t B. isn’t C. aren’t D. doesn’t
7、My sister ＿sports every day. A. plays B. play C. don’t play D. doesn’t play
8、Does he like movies?___. She likes TV. A. Yes, she do B. Yes, they do C. Yes, she doesn’t D. No, she