经济学原理对应练习24

经济学原理对应练习24
经济学原理对应练习24

Chapter 24

Measuring the Cost of Living

Multiple Choice

1. Babe Ruth, the famous baseball player, earned $80,000 in 1931. Today, the best baseball players can earn more

than 300 times as much as Babe Ruth earned in 1931. However, prices also have risen since 1931. We can

con clude that

a. the best baseball players today are about 300 times better off than Babe Ruth was in 1931.

b. because prices have rise n also, the sta ndard of liv ing of baseball stars has n't cha nged since 1931.

c. one cannot make judgme nts about cha nges in the sta ndard of liv ing based on cha nges in prices and cha

nges in in comes.

d. one cannot determine whether baseball stars today enjoy a higher standard of living than Babe Ruth did in

1931 without additi onal in formati on regard ing in creases in prices since 1931.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-0

TOP: Prices | Sta ndard of livi ng MSC: I nterpretive

2. When the con sumer price in dex rises, the typical family

a. has to spend more dollars to maintain the same standard of living.

b. can spend fewer dollars to maintain the same standard of living.

c. finds that its standard of living is not affecte

d.

d. can offset the effects of rising prices by saving mor

e.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: Con sumer price in dex | Stan dard of livi ng MSC: I nterpretive

3. The con sumer price in dex is used to

a. track changes in the level of wholesale prices in the economy.

b. mon itor cha nges in the cost of liv ing.

c. mon itor cha nges in the level of real GDP.

d. track changes in the stock market.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: Con sumer price in dex MSC: I nterpretive

4. The con sumer price in dex is used to

a. differentiate gross national product from net national product.

b. turn dollar figures into meaningful measures of purchasing power.

c. characterize the types of goods and services that con sumers purchase.

d. measure the quantity of goods and services that the economy produces.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: Con sumer price in dex MSC: I nterpretive

5. The term inflation is used to describe a situation in which

a. the overall level of prices in the economy is increasing.

b. in comes in the economy are in creas ing.

c. stock-market prices are rising.

d. the economy is growing rapidly.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: I nflatio n MSC: Defi nitio nal

6. Econo mists use the term in flati on to describe a situati on in which

a. some prices are rising faster than others.

b. the economy's overall price level is rising.

c. the econom y's overall price level is high, but not n ecessarily ris ing.

d. the economy's overall output of goods and services is rising faster than the economy's overall price level. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: I nflatio n MSC: Defi nitio nal

7. When the overall level of prices in the economy is increasing, we say that the economy is experiencing

a. economic growth.

b. stagflation.

c. inflation.

d. deflation.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: Inflation MSC: Definitional

8. The inflation rate is defined as the

a. price level.

b. change in the price level from one period to the next.

c. percentage change in the price level from the previous perio

d.

d. price level minus the price level from the previous period.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: Inflation rate MSC: Definitional

9. The economy's inflation rate is the

a. price level in the current period.

b. change in the price level from the previous period.

c. change in the gross domestic product from the previous perio

d.

d. percentage change in the price level from the previous period.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-0

TOP: Inflation rate MSC: Definitional

10. The CPI is a measure of the overall cost of

a. inputs purchased by a typical producer.

b. goods and services bought by a typical consumer.

c. goods and services produced in the economy.

d. stocks on the New York Stock Exchang

e.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Definitional

11. Which of the following agencies calculates the CPI

a. the National Price Board

b. the Department Of Weight and Measurements

c. the Bureau of Labor Statistics

d. the Congressional Budget Office

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index | Bureau of Labor Statistics MSC: Definitional

12. Which entity within the . government is responsible for computing and reporting the consumer price index

a. the Department of Commerce

b. the Department of Labor

c. the General Accounting Office

d. the Council of Economic Advisers

TOP: Consumer price index 13. The CPI is calculated

a. weekly.

b. monthly.

c. quarterly.

d. yearly.

ANS: B PTS: 1

TOP: Consumer price index

14. The CPI is calculated

a. mon thly by the Departme nt of Commerce.

b. mon thly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

c. quarterly by the Departme nt of Commerce.

d. quarterly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

ANS: B PTS: 1

DIF: 1 REF: 24-1 MSC: Definitional

DIF: 1 REF: 24-1 MSC: Definitional

TOP: Con sumer price in dex | Bureau of Labor Statistics MSC: Defin iti onal

15. What basket of goods is used to con struct the CPI

a. a random sample of all goods and services produced in the economy

b. the goods and services that are typically bought by consumers as determined by government surveys

c. only food, clothi ng, tra nsportati on, en terta inment, and educati on

d. the least expensive and the most expensive goods and services in each major category of consumer expe

nditures

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-1

TOP: Co nsumer price in dex MSC: Defi nitio nal

16. In the calculation of the CPI, coffee is given greater weight than tea if

a. consumers buy more coffee than tea.

b. the price of coffee is higher than the price of tea.

c. it costs more to produce coffee tha n it costs to produce tea.

d. coffee is more readily available than is tea to the typical consumer.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Co nsumer price in dex MSC: Defi nitio nal

17. In the CPI, goods and services are weighted according to

a. how long a market has existed for each good or service.

b. the extent to which each good or service is regarded by the government as a necessity.

c. how much con sumers buy of each good or service.

d. the number of firms that produce and sell each good or servic

e.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Co nsumer price in dex MSC: Defi nitio nal

18. The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index, in order, are as follows:

a. Choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket's cost, and compute the in

dex.

b. Choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, and compute the index.

c. Fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year and compute the index.

d. Fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year and compute the index. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Con sumer price in dex MSC: I nterpretive

19. Refer to Table 24-1 . Suppose the typical consumer basket consists of 10 bushels of peaches and 15 bushels of

pecans. Using 2005 as the base year, the CPI for 2006 is

a. 100.

b. 120.

c. 200.

d. 240.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Con sumer price in dex MSC: Applicative

20. Refer to Table 24-1 . Suppose the typical consumer basket consists of 10 bushels of peaches and 15 bushels of pecans. Using 2005 as the base year, what was the inflation rate in 2006

a. 20 perce nt

b. perce nt

c. 10 perce nt

d. 8 perce nt

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Inflation rate MSC: Applicative

21. Refer to Table 24-2 . Suppose the basket of goods in the CPI consisted of 3 units of pork and 4 units of corn. What

is the con sumer price in dex for 2006 if the base year is 2005

a.

b.

c.

d.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Con sumer price in dex MSC: Applicative

22. Refer to Table 24-2 . Suppose the basket of goods in the CPI consisted of 3 units of pork and 4 units of corn. What

is the in flation rate for 2006 if the base year is 2005

a. perce nt

b. perce nt

c. perce nt

d. perce nt

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: I nflatio n rate MSC: Applicative

23. The market basket used to calculate the CPI in Aquilonia is 4 loaves of bread, 6 gallons of milk, 2 shirts and 2

pan ts. In 2005, bread cost $ per loaf, milk cost $ per gall on, shirts cost $ each and pants cost $ per pair. In 2006, bread cost $ per loaf, milk cost $ per gall on, shirts cost $ each and pants cost $ per pair. Using 2005 as the base year, what was Aquilonia ' s inflation rate in 2006

a. 30 perce nt

b. perce nt

c. perce nt

d. It is impossible to determine without knowing the base year.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: I nflatio n rate MSC: Applicative

In the cou ntry of Shem, the CPI is calculated using a market basket con sisti ng of 5 apples, 4 loaves of bread, 3 robes and 2 gall ons of gasoli ne. The per-u nit prices of these goods have bee n as follows:

24. Refer to Table 24-3 . Usi ng 2002 as the base year, what was the in flation rate between 2002 and 2003

a. perce nt

b. perce nt

c. perce nt

d. perce nt

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: I nflati on rate MSC: Applicative

25. Refer to Table 24-3 . Usi ng 2002 as the base year, what was the in flation rate between 2003 and 2004

a. perce nt

b. perce nt

c. 47 perce nt

d. It is impossible to determine without knowing the base year.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: I nflati on rate MSC: Applicative

26. Refer to Table 24-3 . Usi ng 2002 as the base year, what was the in flation rate between 2004 and 2005

a. perce nt

b. perce nt

c. perce nt

d. perce nt

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: I nflati on rate MSC: Applicative

Table 24-4

The table below pertains to an economy with only two goods -- books and calculators. The fixed basket consists of 5 books and 10 calculators.

27. Refer to Table 24-4. Using 2006 as the base year, the consumer price index is

a. 100 in 2006, 135 in 2007, and 155 in 2008.

b. 100 in 2006, 270 in 2007, and 310 in 2008.

c. 200 in 2006, 270 in 2007, and 310 in 2008.

d. 200 in 2006, 540 in 2007, and 620 in 2008.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Con sumer price in dex MSC: Applicative

28. Refer to Table 24-4. Using 2007 as the base year, the consumer price index is

a. in 2006, 100 in 2007, and in 2008.

b. in 2006, 100 in 2007, and in 2008.

c. 100 in 2006, 135 in 2007, and 155 in 2008.

d. 200 in 2006, 270 in 2007, and 310 in 2008.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Applicative

29. Refer to Table 24-4. Using 2008 as the base year, the consumer price index is

a. in 2006, in 2007, and in 2008.

b. in 2006, in 2007, and 100 in 2008.

c. in 2006, in 2007, and 100 in 2008.

d. 100 in 2006, 135 in 2007, and 155 in 2008.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Applicative

30. Refer to Table 24-4. Using 2006 as the base year, the inflation rate is

a. percent for 2007 and percent for 2008.

b. 35 percent for 2007 and percent for 2008.

c. 35 percent for 2007 and 55 percent for 2008.

d. 135 percent for 2007 and 155 percent for 2008.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index | Inflation rate MSC: Applicative

31. For any given year, the CPI is the price of the basket of goods and services in the

a. given year divided by the price of the basket in the base year, then multiplied by 100.

b. given year divided by the price of the basket in the previous year, then multiplied by 100.

c. base year divided by the price of the basket in the given year, then multiplied by 100.

d. previous year divided by the price of the basket in the given year, then multiplied by 100.

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Definitional

32. In computing the consumer price index, a base year is chosen. Which of the following statements about the base

year is correct

a. The base year is always the first year among the years for which computations are being made.

b. It is necessary to designate a base year only in the simplest case of two goods; in more realistic cases, it is not

necessary to designate a base year.

c. The value of the consumer price index is always 100 in the base year.

d. All of the above are correct.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Interpretive

33. Consider a small economy in which consumers buy only two goods -- apples and pears. In order to compute the

consumer price index for this economy for two or more consecutive years, we assume that

a. the number of apples bought by the typical consumer is equal to the number of pears bought by the typical

consumer in each year.

b. neither the number of apples bought by the typical consumer, nor the number of pears bought by the typical

consumer, changes from year to year.

c. the percentage change in the price of applies is equal to the percentage change in the price of pears from year

to year.

d. All of the above are correct.

ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1 TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Interpretive

34. In calculating the consumer price index, a fixed basket of goods is used. The quantities of the goods in the fixed

basket are determined by

a. surveying consumers.

b. surveying sellers of those goods.

c. working backward from the rate of inflation to arrive at imputed values for those quantities.

d. arbitrary choices made by federal government employees. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 24-1 TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Definitional

35. In an imaginary economy, consumers buy only shirts and pants. The fixed basket consists of 6 shirts and 4 pairs of

pants. A shirt cost $20 in 2006 and $25 in 2007. A pair of pants cost $30 in 2006 and $40 in 2007. Using 2006 as the base year, which of the following statements is correct

a. For the typical consumer, the number of dollars spent on shirts is equal to the number of dollars spent on pants

in each of the two years.

b. The consumer price index is 134 in 2007.

c. The rate of inflation is % in 2007.

d. All of the above are correct.

ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index | Inflation rate MSC: Applicative

36. In an imaginary economy, consumers buy only sandwiches and magazines. The fixed basket consists of 20

sandwiches and 30 magazines. In 2006, a sandwich cost $4 and a magazine cost $2. In 2007, a sandwich cost $5.

The base year is 2006. If the consumer price index in 2007 was 125, then how much did a magazine cost in 2007

a. $

b. $

c. $

d. $

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index MSC: Applicative

37. In an imaginary economy, consumers buy only sandwiches and magazines. The fixed basket consists of 20

sandwiches and 30 magazines. In 2006, a sandwich cost $4 and a magazine cost $2. In 2007, a sandwich cost $5.

The base year is 2006. If the inflation rate in 2007 was 16 percent, then how much did a magazine cost in 2007

a. $

b. $

c. $

d. $

ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index | Inflation rate MSC: Applicative

38. In an imaginary economy, consumers buy only hot dogs and hamburgers. The fixed basket consists of 10 hot dogs

and 6 hamburgers. A hot dog cost $3 in 2006 and $ in 2007. A hamburger cost $5 in 2006 and $6 in 2007. Which of the following statements is correct

a. When 2006 is chosen as the base year, the consumer price index is 90 in 2007.

b. When 2006 is chosen as the base year, the inflation rate is 150 percent in 2007.

c. When 2007 is chosen as the base year, the consumer price index is 100 in 2006.

d. When 2007 is chosen as the base year, the inflation rate is 50 percent in 2007.

ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 24-1

TOP: Consumer price index | Inflation rate MSC: Applicative

政治经济学原理试题和答案

第一部分选择题(共50分) 一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)在每个小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将其号码填在题干后的括号内。 1. 马克思主义政治经济学的研究任务是(B ) A. 研究生产力及其发展规律 B. 揭示客观经济规律 C. 揭示资本主义剥削的实质 D. 研究社会经济运行状况 2. 衡量社会生产力发展水平的主要标志是(C ) A. 劳动资料 B. 劳动对象 C. 生产工具 D. 生产的产品 3. 商品的社会属性是指( B ) A. 使用价值(自然属性) B. 价值 C. 交换价值 D. 抽象劳动 4. 决定商品价值量的是( D ) A. 简单劳动 B. 商品的使用价值 C. 价格标准 D. 社会必要劳动时间 5. 1只绵羊=2把石斧表示的是(D ) A. 一般的价值形式 B. 总和的或扩大的价值形式 C. 货币形式 D. 简单的或偶然的价值形式 6. 在商品供求关系平衡的条件下,商品价格( A ) A. 与商品价值成正比,与货币价值成反比 B. 与商品价值成正比,与货币价值成正比 C. 与商品价值成反比,与货币价值成反比 D. 与商品价值成反比,与货币价值成正比

7. 货币转化为资本的前提条件是( A ) A.劳动力成为商品 B. 生产资料可以买卖 C. 货币是一般等价物 D. 货币是社会财富的一般代表 8. 通过提高工人劳动强度取得剩余价值属于( A ) A.绝对剩余价值 B. 相对剩余价值。在工作日长度不变的条件下,由于缩短必要劳动时间、相应延长剩余劳动时间而产生的剩余价值。相对剩余价值是全体资本家长期获得的,以全社会劳动生产率普遍提高为条件。 C. 超额剩余价值。个别资本家通过提高劳动生产率,使自己商品的个别价值低于社会价值而比一般资本家多得的那部分剩余价值。 D. 超额利润 9. 社会再生产就其内容来讲包括( C ) A. 简单再生产和扩大再生产 B. 外延式扩大再生产和内涵式扩大再生产 C. 物质资料的再生产和生产关系的再生产 D. 生产资料的再生产和消费资料的再生产 10. 计件工资是( A ) A. 计时工资的转化形式 B. 名义工资的转化形式 C. 实际工资的转化形式 D. 货币工资的转化形式 11. 资本积聚( A ) A. 是依靠剩余价值的资本化实现的 B. 是由众多中小资本合并实现的 C. 是借助于竞争和信用来实现的 D. 不受社会财富增长速度的限制 12. 货币资本的循环公式是(A )

曼昆经济学原理英文版文案加习题答案8章

144 WHAT’S NEW IN THE S EVENTH EDITION: A new In the News box on ―The Tax Debate ‖ has been added. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of this chapter, students should understand: how taxes reduce consumer and producer surplus. the meaning and causes of the deadweight loss from a tax. why some taxes have larger deadweight losses than others. how tax revenue and deadweight loss vary with the size of a tax. CONTEXT AND PURPOSE: Chapter 8 is the second chapter in a three-chapter sequence dealing with welfare economics. In the previous section on supply and demand, Chapter 6 introduced taxes and demonstrated how a tax affects the price and quantity sold in a market. Chapter 6 also described the factors that determine how the burden of the tax is divided between the buyers and sellers in a market. Chapter 7 developed welfare economics —the study of how the allocation of resources affects economic well-being. Chapter 8 combines the lessons learned in Chapters 6 and 7 and addresses the effects of taxation on welfare. Chapter 9 will address the effects of trade restrictions on welfare. The purpose of Chapter 8 is to apply the lessons learned about welfare economics in Chapter 7 to the issue of taxation that was addressed in Chapter 6. Students will learn that the cost of a tax to buyers and sellers in a market exceeds the revenue collected by the government. Students will also learn about the factors that determine the degree by which the cost of a tax exceeds the revenue collected by the government. 8 APPLICATION: THE COSTS OF TAXATION

经济学原理_试题(B)

南开大学经济学院本科2010级经济学原理期末考试(B 卷) 专业: 姓名 学号 成绩 任课教师: 一、单项选择(每小题2分,共30分) < 1、关于生产可能性边界,以下不正确的是:( ) A 、 生产可能性边界是一个国家利用资源所能生产出的最大商品集合的边界。 B 、 生产可能性边界的斜率代表了增加某种商品产出的机会成本。 C 、 生产可能性边界凹向原点是因为资源的稀缺性。 D 、 生产可能性边界随着技术进步而向右移动。 2、对一种奢侈品征税,很可能使税收负担( ) A 、 更多的落在买者身上 B 、 、 C 、 更多的落在卖者身上 D 、 在买者和卖者之间平等的分摊 E 、 完全落在买者身上 3、假设可以购买三个一样的鼠标。买者1愿意为一个鼠标支付60元钱,买者2愿意为一个鼠标支付50元钱,买者3愿意为一个鼠标支付40元钱。如果鼠标的市场价格是50元钱,将卖出多少鼠标,这个市场的消费者剩余值是多少( ) A 、 将卖出一个鼠标,消费者剩余值为60元钱 B 、 将卖出三个鼠标,消费者剩余值为0元 C 、 将卖出三个鼠标,消费者剩余值为10元 D 、 将卖出两个鼠标,消费者剩余值为10元 ; 4、如果一个竞争企业的产量翻了一番,它的总收益( ) A 、 翻一番 B 、 翻了一番还多 C 、 翻了不到一番 D 、 不能确定,因为物品价格可能上升或下降。 5、在能供给整个市场的产量时,其平均总成本一直下降到最小的企业称为( ) A 、 完全竞争者 B 、 自然垄断 C 、 政府垄断

E、受管制的垄断 6、垄断竞争企业在长期内经济利润为零,是因为:() A、市场上存在许多卖者。 B、虽然产品有差异,但产品之间的差异不够大。 C、企业可以无成本的自由进入与退出市场。 D、以上都是。 7、在以下商品中,提高价格最有可能使生产者的收入提高的商品是:() A、粮食。 B、》 C、高档服装。 D、汽车。 E、手机。 8、下列哪个事件影响了2010年中国的国内生产总值GDP() A、2010年中国人的家庭劳动 B、2010年中国公司在海外承包的大型建设工程 C、2010年在中国的一家钢铁公司为另一家在中国的造船厂生产的特种钢材。 D、2010年在中国的一家汽车公司把生产出来的汽车封入库存,以便明年旺季销售。 . 9、X与Y两种商品的价格分别由去年的10元与2元上涨至今年的11元与元,如果一个篮子是由4个X和10个Y组成的,那么以去年为基期,今年的通货膨胀率是() A、10% B、15% C、20% D、25% 10、下列情况中可能会降低社会的失业率的是() A、政府组织公共培训计划 B、政府提高最低工资水平 C、工会为其会员争取更高的工资待遇 D、| E、企业实行效率工资 11、下列不属于中央银行货币政策工具的是() A、公开市场操作 B、法定准备金 C、贴现率 D、发行或回购国债 12、假定货币供应量是万亿,真实GDP是5万亿,物价水平是2,货币流通速度则是()

Aofafcs北大课程-曼昆经济学原理(上)微观部分--期中试题参考标准答案

Aofafcs北大课程-曼昆经济学原理(上)微观部分--期中试题参考答案

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