2014年12月英语四级卷三仔细阅读原文及翻译、答案详解
第3周实践训练课上材料（For Reading）
Passage One
Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.
Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple's income.
This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center's expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.
So who's to blame for higher childcare costs?
Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.
Unfortunately, I don't have all the daycare-center regulations handy. But I wouldn't be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff (交换) might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn't seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.
56. What problem do parents of small kids have to face? A
A) The ever-rising childcare prices. C) The balance between work and family.
B) The budgeting of family expenses. D) The selection of a good daycare center.
57. What does the author feel puzzled about? C
A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.
B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.
C) Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.
D) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professional in a number of states.
58. What prevent childcare centers from saving money? B
A) Steady increase in labor costs. C) Lack of support from the state.
B) Strict government regulations. D) High administrative expenses.
59. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts? D
A) The overall quality of service is not as good.
B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.
C) Living expenses there are comparatively low.
D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.
60. What is the author's view on daycare service? B
A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.
B) Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.
C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.
D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.
56．【A】
【定位】根据题干中的problem，parents of small kids定位至第l段最后一句。【解析】本题问有小孩的家长必须面临什么问题。第I段末句指出“令人沮丧的是(sadly)，你需要出去工作，而雇人照顾小孩的费用却逐年上升(getting more expensive by the year)”。题于中的problem对应了原文中的sadly。故家长面临的问题就是育儿费用的上升，A“日益高涨的幼托费用”是原文的同义表述。
【点睛】8“家庭费用预算”，第2段末句提到日托班的费用超过家庭收入的十分之一，但并没有提到家庭针对这情况作出具体预算，B实际上没有原文根据。C“工作和家庭的平衡”，原文提及因为家长需要出去2r_作，所以必须请人照顾小孩。最后谈到费用高的问题，没有讨论如何平衡工作与家庭的关系。D“选择好的日托机构”偏离重点，家长的问题是日托机构费用高，而非烦恼如何选择好的日托机构。
57．【C】
【定位】根据题干中的puzzled定位至第3段。
【解析】本题问作者对什么感到疑惑不解。题干中的puzzled与第3段首句的puzzlin9对应，第2、3句指出疑惑的内容，其大意是专业幼托班的费用一直在上涨(has been rising)，而保育员的工资却并不见涨(stood still)，而这是不合情理的，因为劳动力成本占了日托中心80％的开支，按正常情况，保育员的工资应该会随着日托费用的上升而增加，所以C“为什么保育员的收入没有随着幼托费用上涨而增加”为答案。
【点睛】A“为什么幼托费用每个州差别这么大”，作者对这一个问题在第5段做
了详尽的描述和分析，可见他对此很清楚．并没有感到疑惑不解。B“为什么幼托费用上涨却没有带来更好的服务”，全文讨论的重点是幼托费用高的问题．没有提及服务质量。D“为什么在很多
州严重缺乏专业保育员”无中生有，全文未提及缺少保育员的问题。58．【B】
【定位】根据题干中的saving money定位至第5段。
【解析】本题问幼托中心没法省钱的原因是什么。题干的问题实际上相当于第4段提出的问题“谁该为幼托费用上涨负责呢?”作者在第5段分析了原因。第5段第3句明确指出“规定越严格，成本就越高”。接下来又对此进行详细描述，“如果每两个孩子就需要聘请一个保育员，那么就无法实现劳动力的规模经济，也没办法省钱(can，t…achieve…to save money)”，后面将马萨诸塞州和密西西比州的情况进行对比，表明不同的政府规定下．护理成本相差较大。B“严格的政府规章制度”准确表达出无法省钱的原因，故正确。
【点睛】A“劳动力成本的稳步增长”，按第3段描述，劳动力成本并没有随着幼托费用的增长而上升，A与原文矛盾。C“缺乏州政府的支持”，文章提到每个州规定不同，但并没有提到政府是否会资助幼托所。D“高昂的管理费用”中的administrative expenses并未在文中提及。
59．【D】
【定位】根据题干中的Mississippi和Massachusetts定位至第5段最后两句。【解析】本题问为什么密西西比州的平均幼托成本比马萨诸塞州低许多。第5段最后两句从两方面将两个州进行对比：第一，每位老师看护儿童的数量，马萨诸塞州是一个老师看三个婴儿(one teacher for every three infants)．密西西比州
则是一个老师看五个婴儿(one teacher for every five infants)；第二，幼托的平均成本．马萨诸塞州是超过1．6万美元一年，密西西比州则是不到5000美元。因此，护理成本差异的区别在于一个老师照顾多少个孩子，密西西比州每个老师看护的儿童数量更多，因此成本更低，故D“每个老师允许照顾更多的孩子”正确。
【点睛】注意原文只对比了两个州的两个方面，其他三项的信息均没有提及，本题只需找准定位句就可得出答案。A意为“整体服务质量不那么高”；B意为“那里保育员的S-资没那么高”；C意为“相对来说那里的生活成本低”。
60．【B】
【定位】最后一段。
【解析】本题问作者对日托服务的看法。作者在最后两段分析了日托服务收费高昂的原因，第5段为例证，第6段第2句用But转折，总结指出他不会感到惊讶的是规定越细，价格就越高，最后一句也重申最便宜的日托通常出现在监管最松的南部。因此，高昂的日托费用是因为严格的规定，B“对幼托的规定不那么严格可能会降低成本”是对原文的正话反说，为答案。
【点睛】①A“保育员应该定期接受专业培训”，作者在全文未提及保育员培训的问题。C“保持质量和成本的平衡是至关重要的”，最后一段提到，用……精细的规定”(从而保证孩子的健康和安全)交换高价“有时候是值得的”，但文中没说如何在质量??和……成本??之间取得平衡，也没说取得这种平衡是否很重要。D“各个州最好相互学习”，虽然第5段提到了马萨诸塞州和密西西比州的不同情况，但这只是为了说明日托成本高的原因，并未说明哪个州的日托教育更好．故不存在各个州相互学习的说法。②本题是态度观点题，表转折对比的逻辑关系词后的内
容，往往体现态度，阅读时需要多注意这些词，如：but，however，although，while等。难句归纳?1．Ⅱit has to hire a caregiver for every two children，it can?t really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expe nses go up．(第58题解题句)
Passage Two
Alex Pang's amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we're not online, where we spend four months annually, we're engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.
The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It's a thoughtful examination of the danger of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness. A "professional futurist", Pang urges an approach which he calls "contemplative (沉思的) computing." He asks that you pay full attention to "how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology."
Pang's first job is to free you from common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn't advocate returning to a preinternet world. Instead, he asks you to "take a more ecological (生态的) view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder."
The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain field of labor—often for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, "Architecture is first and foremost about thinking... and drawing is a more productive way of thinking" than computer-aided design. Somewhat less amusing are Pang's solutions for kicking the Internet habit. He recommends the usual behavior-modification approaches, familiar to anyone who has completed a quit-smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a "digital Sabbath (安息日)" ; "Unless you're a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you'll discover that your world doesn't fall apart when you go offline."
61. Alex Pang's new book is aimed for readers who ____D____.
A) find their work online too stressful C) are fearful about using the cellphone or computer
B) go online mainly for entertainment D) can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet
62. What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book? D
A) Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.
B) Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use.
C) Predict the trend of future technological development.
D) Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.
63. What is the common view on multitasking? A
A) It enables people to work more efficiently. C) It makes people's work and life even harder.
B) It is in a way quite similar to switch-tasking. D) It distracts people's attention from useful work.
64. What does the author think of computer-aided design? B
A) It considerably cuts down the cost of building design.
B) It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking.
C) It is indispensable in architects' work process.
D) It can free architects from laborious drawing.
65. What is Ales Pang's recommendation for Internet users? C
A) They use the Internet as little as possible.
B) They keep a record of their computer time.
C) They exercise self-control over their time online.
D) They entertain themselves online on off-days only.
61．【D】
【定位】根据题干中的Alex Pan9?s new book和aimed for定位至第l段第l句。【解析】本题问庞的新书针对的是哪些读者群。第l段开头就介绍，亚历克斯·庞的新书《分心成瘾》针对的是那些一离开手机或电脑就感到恐慌的人(those of us
who feel panic without a cellphone or computer)。由该段第3句中的online可知，第l句中的cellphone or computer实际上是“网络”的代名词，因此，D“几乎无法离开网络”正确。
【点睛IA“发现他们上网工作压力太大”利用第1段末句提到的stressful work 制造干扰，该句说的是没有网络会给人造成压力．而不是在网络上工作压力大。8“上网主要是为了娱乐”，该书只是针对离不开网络的人群，并没有提及这些人上网的目的是什么，无法从原文推断出B的内容。C“害怕使用手机或电脑”与原文首句的feel panic without a cellphone or computer“没有手机或电脑就感到恐慌”相反。
62．【D】
【定位】第2段。
【解析】本题问庞的新书的写作目的。第2段第2句提到该书的两方面内容：第一，对我们过度使用电脑的危害(dangers of our computing overdose)进行了深刻的思考；第二，对科技进步如何改变人们的思维(how techn0109ical advances change consciousness)进行了历史性的回顾。D“研究科技对人们的思维的影响”与第二点对应，选项中的technology对应原文的technological advances，而human mind则对应原文的consciousness“意识”。
【点睛】A“给如何有效使用网络提出建议”，庞的新书讨论的是人们过度使用电脑以及戒掉网络的问题，并不涉及如何使用网络的问题。B“警告人们使用网络的潜在危险”将原文dangers of our computing overdose中的overdose"过量，过多，，偷换成了use“使用”，两者意思有明显区别。C“预测未来科技发展趋
势”，虽然其中的technological development与原文的technological advances对应，但文中是说科技发展如何影响人的思维，而非科技如何发展。
63．【A】
【定位】根据题干中的multitaskin9定位至第3段前两句。
【解析】本题问人们对“多任务”普遍的看法是什么。第3段首句指出，认为同时做两件事情可以让你完成更多的工作是人们常有的一种误解(misconception)，第2句则将首句的“同时做两件事情”一般化为“多任务”，由此可知，人们普遍认为multitaskin9可以提高工作效率，故A“使人们工作更高效”正确，其中的work more effectively与原文的9et more done是同义表述。
【点睛】B“在某种程度上与切换任务很相似”，作者在纠正人们的误解时，提出多任务实际上是切换任务，那么这一正确见解就不是大家的普遍看法。C“使人们的工作和生活更艰难”，虽然其中的makes people?s work and life even harder 在第3段末尾有提到，但那是在讨论技术与人的关系，一方面简化了任务，另一方面又使工作和生活变艰难，这并不是大家对多任务的普遍看法。D“使人们从有效工作中分心”是根据常识而作出的臆断，没有原文根据。
64．【B】
【定位】根据题干中的computer-aided design定位至第4段第2、3句。
【解析】本题问作者是如何看待计算机辅助设计的。第4段第2,3句以计算机辅助设计在建筑设计的应用为例．说明该段首句的观点“科技使得某些行业领域变得更糟”。第3句引用了一位设计师的话指出，“建筑首要的是思考……而与计算机辅助设计相比，绘画是一种更有成效的思考。”换句话说，因为有了计算机辅助设计．几乎不用绘画，从而使建筑师失去了有成效的思考。B“某程度上
限制了建筑师有成效的思考”准确地表达出作者的看法，故正确。
【点睛】A“大大减少了建筑设计成本??是对第4段第2句中cheapen的误解，该词指计算机辅助设计减少了整个设计过程的技术含量，即没有了人工绘图的过程使得人类的创造性减少了，而不是降低了建筑设计成本。C“对建筑师的工作来说必不可少，，虽然与第2句的computer-aided design has become essential 对应，但这只是对建筑师来说．并不是作者的观点，而且C所述是肯定了科技对行业的影响，与首句的观点刚好相反。同理，D“能把建筑师从辛苦的绘图工作中解放出来”也是对科技的肯定，与本段的论调矛盾。65．【C】
【定位】根据题干中的recommendation定位至第4段最后两句。
【解析】本题问庞对网络使用者的建议是什么。第4段结尾处提到庞对戒除上网习惯的建议是“行为矫正法”(behavior-modification)，具体措施包括记录并研究上网档案，戒掉某些网站，下载相关软件让你打不开浏览器，选择“无网日”等，这些行为都是在控制上网时间。C“他们需要自我控制上网时间”概括了上述措施，其中的self-control“自我控制”与原文的behavior-modification意思相近。
【点睛】A“他们尽可能少地使用网络”，庞并没有强调越少使用网络越好，只是需要控制时间。B“他们需要记录使用电脑的时间”，原文提及记录的不是上网的时间，而是上网的习惯，从而戒掉不好的上网习惯。D“他们只在休息的时候上网娱乐”，庞未提及休息的时候上网及娱乐等内容。难句归纳 1.It?s a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness．(第62题解题句)
历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、
历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、
12月大学英语四级考试翻译题目 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不但被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，因此中餐既味美又健康。 Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skil l but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-look ing. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different place s of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to se ek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不论怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Info rmation Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not n ecessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of p eople think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern. "你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 "Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until th e 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of th e most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China b ut also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 中国结最初是由手工艺人创造的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换
2015年6月13日全国大学英语四级翻译真题及答案
2 015年6月13日全国大学英语四级翻译真题及答案 大米 在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多数种植水稻，人们通常以大米为食；而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 In the mind of Westerners,Chinese people have the closest connection to rice,basic food for the Chinese.For a long time,rice occupies a very important position in the Chinese diet.There is even a saying that "even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice".People in south China plant and live on rice,while people in the most parts of North China cannot plant rice due to excessively dry and cold weather. The main crop there is wheat. In China, some people use flour to bake bread,while most people make steamed bread and noodles with flour. xx 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现代世界基础的许多元素起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到20年建成的一个太空站。目前，中国是世界最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。2011年，中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。 快递 据报道，今年中国快递服务（courier service）将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
2013年12月---2016年6月大学英语四级段落翻译真题及参考答案
2013年12月大学英语四级考试翻译题参考译文 【翻译原文】“你要茶还是咖啡?”是用餐人常被问到的问题。许多西方人会选咖啡,而中国人则会选茶。相传,中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶,并用来治病,在明清(The Qing Dynasties)期间,茶馆遍布全国,饮茶在六世纪传到日本,但直到18世纪才传到欧美。如今,茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一,茶是中国的瑰宝,也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 【参考译文】As for the dinning people,”Tea or Coffee?”is a question frequently asked.Coffee is usually the Westerns’first choice,while tea is the preferment of Chinese.Tradition has it that tea is found by one Chinese Emperor,who lived in5000years ago.At that time,tea is used to heal sickness.During Ming-Qing dynasties, teahouses are across the country.Tea drinking spread into Japanese as early as in the6th century,yet it did not spread into Europe and America until the18th century. Nowadays,tea is one of the most popular beverages all over the world.Tea is the treasure of China and the important component of Chinese tradition and culture. 2013年12月大学英语四级考试 翻译题参考译文及点评之二 【原文】
大学英语四级翻译练习题 篇汇总
2017年6月大学练习题13篇汇总 1.中国菜 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。 参考翻译: Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on
2015年大学英语四级翻译
1. 中秋习俗 在中国月饼是一种特殊的食品，广受海内外华人的欢迎。中秋吃月饼就好比圣诞节吃馅饼(mince pies)。为了庆祝中秋节，中国人通常做两件事：一是观赏满月。二是品尝美味的月 饼。中秋节是每年农历八月十五日。据说，这一天的月亮是一年中最圆的。而月亮正是庆贺 中秋的全部主题。在中国人眼中，月饼象征着全家人的大团圆。 参考译文： Moon cakes are aspecial kind of food in China. They are very popular with the Chinese at homeand abroad. Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are toChristmas. To celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things:enjoy the full moon and eat delicious moon cakes. Mid-Autumn Festival falls onthe 15thday of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. Itis the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest. And themoon is what this celebration is all about. In the eyes of the Chinese people ,a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all family members. 讲解：第二句中的“……就好比”可以用“……s like…”，但译文中所用句型更好地表达这 个含义。如：“智力之于大脑，犹如视力之于躯体。“ Intellect is to the mind what sight is tothe body.” 由于香港的战略位置，面向国际的商业氛围，和优越的通讯条件，使她成为世界贸易的活动 中心和亚太地区的神经中枢。香港已和世界上170个国家和地区的公司有商业往来。与亚洲 其他国家和地区的贸易大幅度增长。香港的集装港口是世界上最繁忙的，而且还在进一步扩 建。虽然香港开始成为世界金融中心还是最近二十年的事，但现在海外贷款已占到香港银行 提供的总贷款的一半以上。当这颗东方明珠重新回到中国的掌上时，中国人民眼中的香港未 来比过去任何时候都更加光明灿烂。 参考译文a Hong Kong a tinyisland perched on the tip of Southern China plays a pivotal role in anincreasingly globalized economy. Given its strategic location internationallyo2. 传统艺术 皮影戏又称“影子戏”。它是中国著名民间戏剧形式之一。表演时艺人通常一边演唱一边操纵 用兽皮或纸板制作的人物形象。它们的影子通过灯光出现在帘布上。这营造了有人物在活动 的幻象。有时表演者需要控制三到四个偶人。皮影戏在我国历史悠久，元代时还曾传到世界 上很多国家，迷倒了不少国外戏迷，被人们亲切地称为“中国影灯”。 参考译文 The shadow puppetplay, also known as ?shadow play?, is one of China?s famous folk opera forms.During the performance, players usually sing while holing/manipulating humanfigures, which are made of animal skin and paper board. The shadows of thosehuman figures are reflected on a curtain through the light. This creates theillusion of moving images. Sometimes
历年大学英语四级翻译题汇总
1. You would not have failed if you had followed my instructions/orders.(按照我的指令去做) 2. Despite the hardship he encountered Mark never gave up the pursuit of knowledge.( gave up pursueing knowledge(放弃对知识的追求) 3. Scientists agree that it will be a long time before we find the cure for cancer.(我们找到治愈癌症的方法) 4. Production has to be increased considerably to keep pace with the consumers’ growing demands.(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步) 5. The more exercise you take ,the less likely you catch a cold.(你越不 大可能得感冒) 6. Soon after he transferred to the new school ,Ali found that he had much difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates.(很难跟上班里的同学) 7. If she had returned an hour earlier ,Mary would not have been caught in the heavy rain.(就不会被大雨淋了) 8. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight.(更有可能增加体重) 9. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is closely related to the lack of (physical) exercise .(与缺乏锻炼密切相关) 10. What many people didn’t realize is that Simon is a lover of sports ,and football in particular.(很多人没有意识到的) 11. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems that they haven’t found answers today.(他们至今还没有找到答案) 12. What most parents are concerned about is providing the best education possible for their children.(大多数父母所关心的) 13. You’d better take a sweater which you in case it turns cold.(in case of temperature drop以防天气变冷) 14. Throught the project,many people have received training and decided to start their own business(决定自己创业) 15. The anti-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor.(直到一名医生偶然发现了它) 16. Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research could be applied to the development of the new technology.(能应用于新技术的开发)
真题精讲之英语四级翻译满分冲刺策略
真题精讲之英语四级翻译满分冲刺策略 2015年12月英语四级已经进入最后倒计时的紧张阶段，文都网校的广大童鞋们，临时抱佛脚也是需要技巧的哦，大学英语四级满分冲刺策略，赶快get！ 1. 增译法 在使用增译法时，需要注意以下原则：符合上下文的需要;符合英语的语言习惯和英美等国的文化习俗;符合英美人的思维方式。具体请看下面的例子： 例1.【试题原句】中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。(2015年6月四级真题) 【思路分析】SVO=中国+给(在线零售商)+机会;“以极具竞争力的价格”为方式状语，可译为“at a highly competitive price”，“销售商品的”为定语，修饰“机会”。 【参考译文】China provides millions of online retailers with an opportunity to sell their goods at a very competitive price. 【技巧探秘】本句的主干部分为“中国给……零售商……机会”，为了便于理解，可以进一步将原句理解为“中国给数百万在线零售商(提供了)以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会”，这种情况下，主干为“中国给……零售商(提供)……机会”，此时就可以考虑使用“provide sb with sth…”的结构译出。此外，该句还根据语义将“销售商品”补充为“销售(他们的)商品”，译为“their products”，再次强调“商品”的所有者为前面提到的“在线零售商”。 例2.【试题原句】随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引，有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。(2014年12月四级真题) 【思路分析】“随着旅行多了”作伴随状语，将其译作“with more travel”，置于句首。因其余分句的内容均独立完整，故可将其分译成三句。“年轻人……的时间少了，他们反而更为……所吸引”，两句间表对比，可用 instead连接。另外，也可以将这两句简化为“年轻人更加喜欢偏远的地方，而不是大城市和著名景点”，将其处理为“…do …, rather tha n …更喜欢……而不是……”。处理最后一个分句时，注意“甚至”表示递进，可将其译作“furthermore”，或者“even”均可。若将主语“有些人”逐字译作“some people”，则稍显笼统，可依上文，具体译作“some young tourists”。 【参考译文】With more travel experience, youngsters tend to spend more time in remote areas，rather than big cities and famous resorts. Furthermore, some young tourists would choose backpacking.
大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案范文
大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案 Test1 1. The soldier_______________________________(被指控逃跑)when the enemy attacked. 2. Had he worked harder, ____________________________________ (他就会通过考试). 3.In the U.S., 88% of smokers had started before they were 18, _____________________ ______________________(尽管他们知道贩卖香烟是违法的)to anyone under that age. 4.Ann never dreams of _________________________________(有机会把她送出国)very soon. 5._______________________________(考虑到所有的情况), the planned trip will have to be called off. Test2 1.Americans eat _____________________________(两倍的蛋白质)they actually need every day. 2.What he said just now ___________________________________(与正在讨论的问题没什 么关系). 3.Floods cause ___________________________________(上亿美元的财产损失)annually. 4. Many personnel manager say it is getting harder and harder to________________________ ______________________________（区分诚实的和不诚实的求职者）. 5. We agreed to accept _______________________________________(任何一个他们认为是 最好的导游). Test3 1._______________________________(直到天黑她才发现)it was too late to go home. 2.It is essential that _________________________________(这些申请表被送回)as early as possible. 3.It is important that the hotel receptionist ______________________________________ _______________(确信客人们已经正确的登记). 4.In recent years ________________________________________________________(工作重 点大多被放置在)developing the students’ productive skills. 5.The president promised to keep all the board members informed of_________________ _________________________(协商进行得怎样了). Test4 1. Eating too much fat can __________________________________(导致心脏病和高血压). 2. Not until the game had begun ___________________________________(他到达运动场). 3. Sometimes children have trouble ___________________________________(把现实和小说故事分开)and may believe that such things actually exist.
2015年6月英语四级翻译强化训练
2015年6月英语四级翻译强化训练 【翻译原文】 中国有句俗语是这么说的：不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭真遗憾。如果你想更多地了解中国美食、文化和风俗，北京烤鸭(Beijing Roast Duck)作为一道历史悠久、赫赫有名的佳肴，是最佳的选择。有一点需要注意：吃烤鸭的最佳季节是春天、秋天和冬天。厨师会将热腾腾的烤鸭送到餐桌上，然后切成100多个薄片，每片都带着脆皮。那绝妙的滋味一定会让你终生难忘！ 【参考译文】 There is a Chinese saying that no visit to Beijing iscomplete if you miss seeing the Great Wall or eatingBeijing Roast Duck. As a famous and delicious foodwith a long history, Beijing Roast Duck is anexcellent choice if you want to know more aboutChinese cuisine, culture and customs. There is one point which you need to pay attention to,that is, the best seasons of eating it are spring, autumn and winter. The hot roast duck will bebrought on the dining table by the chef where he will slice it into more than 100 thin flakes,and each of them is covered with crispy skin. The terrific taste will make it unforgettable in yourlife! 【翻译原文】 饺子(dumpling)是中国传统食物，是春节最重要的食物之一，是北方节日的必备食品。传统上，一家人会在除夕夜一起包饺子，还可能会在其中一个饺子里藏一枚硬币，希望吃到硬币的人在新的一年交到好运。此外，饺子通常是为朋友或家人送行的食物。中国人擅长包饺子。饺子有各种各样的馅料，通常蘸着酱油(soy sauce)、醋(vinegar)或大蒜(garlic)吃。 【参考译文】 As a traditional food, dumpling is one of the mostimportant foods during the Spring Festival andnecessary during holidays in Northern China.Traditionally, all members in family will get togetherto make dumplings at the Spring Festival's Eve. Theymay hide a coin in one of the dumplings, hoping that the person who finds the coin will have agood fortune in the coming year. In addition, dumpling is often the food for sending offfriends or family members. Chinese are good at making dumplings which have variety of fillings,and are typically eaten by dipping into soy sauce, vinegar, or garlic. 【翻译原文】 中国传统认为孝顺(filial piety)是我们在父母有生之年应该一直秉承的、最重要的美德。成为孝子是任何一个中国人首要的责任，这意味着要尽可能完全服从父母，关怀父母，不惜任何代价满足他们的需求。中国传统认为孝顺还有一些其他特征，如父母过世后，长子需要一手操办葬礼;儿子必须确保家里的香火(family line)得以延续。 【参考译文】 According to Chinese tradition，filial piety is themost important virtue to be cherished throughoutone's parents' lifespan. Being a filial child is theuppermost duty of any Chinese and it meansshowing complete obedience to parents，takingcare of them，and meeting their demands at any cost as possible as one can.Chinese traditiontakes a view that filial piety has some other features, too. For example，the eldest son isrequired to perform all the rituals after the death of his parents; the son has to ensure thatthe family line will continue.
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案
历年英语四级翻译真题 及答案 集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案2012年6月翻译真题 87. Those flowers looked as if they __ ___________________________(好长时间没有浇水了). 88. Fred bought a car last week. It is __________________________(比我的车便宜一千英镑). 89. This TV program is quite boring. We might ______________________(不妨听听音乐). 90. He left his office in a hurry, with___________________________(灯亮着门开着). 91. The famous novel is said to _____________________(已经被翻译成多种语言). 2011年12月翻译真题 87. Charity groups organized various activities to ___________________________________(为地震幸存者筹款). 88. Linda __________________________________(不可能收到我的电子邮件) otherwise, she would have replied. 89. It’s my mother _____________________________(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies.
2014年12月大学英语四级翻译真题及范文(全)
翻译 1.越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。 More and more Chinese young people are getting interested in traveling, which is a new trend recently. The increasing number of young travelers can be attributed to the rapid growth of income and the curiosity to explore the outside world. With more travel, youngsters spend more time in remote areas rather than big cities and famous resorts. Furthermore, some of them would choose backpacking. Recent survey showed that many young people want to experience different culture, enlarge knowledge, and broader their horizon through traveling. 2.大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量稀少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世界自然基金会有着特殊的意义。自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员，主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。 The giant panda is a kind of gentle animal with a black-and-white coat. It has been listed as an endangered animal due to its very limited number. The giant panda is of great significance to WWF (World Wide Fund For Nature). The panda has been its symbol since its establishment in 1961. The giant panda is the rarest animal of the bears, mainly living in the forests in south
大学英语四级翻译练习
翻译练习1 2018秋季学期(2015-6-3) 在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为食；而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 参考译文： In the eyes of Westerners，the basic food most closely connected with China is rice. It has played such an important role in Chinese diets for a long time that there is a Chinese proverb saying “Even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice.” People in South China mostly grow rice and they usually take it as staple food，while the main crop in most parts of North China is wheat because it is either too cold or too dry to grow rice. In China, some people make bread with flour, but most people use it to make steamed buns and noodles. 翻译练习2 2018秋季学期(2015-12-1) 中国的父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。他们对孩子的首要要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有好成绩才能保证前途光明。中国父母还认为，如果孩子在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊重。因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间，爱好和兴趣，为孩子提供更好的条件。 参考译文： Chinese parents tend to focus so excessively on their children’s study that they keep their children away from the housework. Their primary requirement for their kids is to study hard, get high scores and manage to attend prestigious universities. Parents are convinced that this is to the benefit of their children, because only high scores can guarantee their kids a promising future in a highly competitive society like China. Chinese parents also believe that they as parents will be respected if their children achieve great accomplishments in society. Therefore, they are willing to provide their children with a better condition at the expense of their own time, hobbies and interests. 翻译练习3 2018秋季学期(2015-12-2)
(完整版)历年大学英语四级翻译真题
历年四级段落型翻译真题 Roger Li 2014 年6 月大学英语四级翻译 试卷一：中餐许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition) 。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 译文： Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is viewed as not only a skill but also a form of art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredients vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 试卷二：信息技术 信息技术(Information Technology) ，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。译文： As Chinese citizens are attaching increasing importance to the rapidly developing Information Technology, some colleges even set it as a compulsory course. In regard to this, people hold different opinions. Some people view it as unnecessary move, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Other thinks it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology arouses public concern. 试卷三：茶文化 " 你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties) 期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18 世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。译文： "Would you like tea or coffee?" That 's a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners would choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 试卷四：中国结 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里