初中英语动词不定式详细讲解+练习
动词不定式(to do)语法讲解
动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)，其否定形式是“not to + 动词原形”。
它属于一种非谓语动词的形式,在句子中不能充当谓语,没有人称和数的变化,但它可以保留动词的性质,其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛,在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
一、作主语
（1）动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词常常用单数，例如：
To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。
To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。
把以上两句变为it作形式主语的句子：
（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置，例如：
To learn English well is important. 对我们来说,学好英语是重要的。
It’s important for us to learn English well．
It took me half an hour to walk there．我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
it不作形式主语：___________________________________________________________ 二、作宾语
（1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有ask, agree, beg, decide, determine，fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及would like/love 等动词，但finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词（doing）作宾语，例如：
I hope to visit this place again.我希望能再度访问此地。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
She enjoys reading very much．她非常喜欢读书。
翻译：我准备做早餐，他建议我早起。
____________________________________________________________________
（2）动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时,通常要用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置，例如：
I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务.
I found it difficult to see him here.我发现在这里见到他是很难的.
三、作补足语
（1）某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词常用的有 c onsider, expect, tell, want, warn, wish,invite等，例如：
They told him not to be late again.他们告诉他不要再迟到了。
She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday．昨天她请我一起进餐。
（2）在feel（一感）,listen to, hear（二听）,l et, make, have（三让）,look at, see, watch, notice（四看）等词之后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,强调动作的完成过程；它们作被动句的谓语时,to要补上.如：
I heard her sing today. She sang wonderfully．今天我听见她唱歌了,她唱得非常精彩。
She was heard to sing today．今天有人听见她唱歌了。
I see my mother do morning exercises twice a week. She is often seen _______(do) morning exercises by me. 我一周看见我妈做两次早操。她经常被我看见做早操。
四、作状语
⑴动词不定式作状语可表示目的、原因及结果等
He ran as fast as he could to catch the bus. 为了赶上那班车，他尽他最快的速度跑。
I’m glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜索了房间，没发现什么。
(2) only to do sth. 与only doing sth.都可作表示结果的状语,区别是：only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果, 或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作；only doing sth.表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果.例如：
I worked hard, only to fail at last.我努力工作,结果最后却是失败。
He died, only leaving nothing but debts.他死了,只留下一身债。
五、作表语
动词不定式往往放在系动词be的后面作表语（become, sound, taste等系动词后面一般不接不定式）,表示将来的情况,说明主语的内容。主语一般为dream, wish, plan, job等，例如：My wish is to become a teacher．我的愿望是当一名教师。
Your job today is to clean the playground. 你今天的工作是打扫操场.
My dream is _____________(become)a singer.我的梦想是成为一名歌手。
六、作定语
（1）动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语,例如：
Do you have anything to do tonight?你今晚有什么事要做吗?
（2）动词不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作,如果动作已发生或正在发生,一般用现在分词作定语,例如：
I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。
The man standing there is Li Ming. 站在那里的那个人是李明。
七、特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式
不定式前可用what, who, which, where, when, how, why等疑问词构成不定式短语,这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分：
（1）作主语，例如：
When to start has not been decided. 什么时候出发还没定下来。
（2）作表语，例如：
The question is how to do the job well.问题是怎样做好这项工作。
（3）作宾语，例如：
He told me where to find the book.他告诉我了在哪找到这本书的。
Do you know how to play football? 你知道怎样踢足球吗?
八、不定式的被动式
在初中阶段还涉及到动词不定式被动式的一般式,这种形式是由“to be+动词过去分词”构成的,表示“被……”之意.例如：
There are twenty trees to be planted. 有二十棵树要被栽种。
（注意区别于“There be sb./sth. doing…有某人/某物在做……”句式：
There are some students planting twenty trees.有一些学生在栽种20棵树。）
单项选择：
1. —You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom, Remember _____ them on time.
—I will. (郴州)
A. return
B. returning
C. to return
D. returned
2. —I’ll have a ten-day holiday. But I don’t know _____.
—How about Paris? (成都)
A. what to do
B. where to go
C. when to go
D. why to go
3. Though he often made his little sister ____, today he was made ___ by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry
B. crying; crying
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; cry
4. —What are you going to do tonight?
—I plan _________ Days of Our Past. (德阳)
A. watch
B. watching
C. to watch
D. watched
5. Doctors in the town are using the books ______ their studies and treat patients.(临沂)
A. continue
B. to continue
C. continuing
D. continues
6. Please _______ the TV. It’s time to go to bed. (重庆)
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. put on
D. put off
7. It’s windy outside. ______ your jacket, Bob. Don’t catch a cold. (成都)
A. Try on
B. Put on
C. Take off
D. Try out
8. —I’ve made much progress in grammar. The ideas you _______ worked out fine.
—Glad I could help. (厦门)
A. came up with
B. ran out of
C. looked up to
D. took care of
9. —Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huaguo Mountain at Qingming Festival?
—Yes. Luckily, hundreds of firemen went there and _____ the fire immediately.
A. put off
B. put away
C. put down
D. put out
10. —Why are you late for school today?
—I’m sorry. I didn ’t catch the early bus and I had to ____ the next one. (福州)
A. wait for
B. ask for
C. care for
D. send for
11. —A lot of athletes will go to Japan to ______ the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
—I love sports and I can’t wait to enjoy the exciting moments.
A. take part in
B. take pride in
C. take in
D. take place
初中动词不定式用法及练习
动词不定式用法及练习 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 构成：to do .否定式not to do 常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语：现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后置。 比较下列句子To learn from your friends is important.=It is important to learn from your friends . To leave without saying goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasant thing.=It is a pleasant thing to chat with Miss White. To walk to school takes me ten minutes.=It takes me ten minutes to walk to school. 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do…= sb. is\are +adj. +to do…在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况。（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等） It is very kind of you to help me. It’s not polite of him to speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do…≠ sb. is\are +adj. +to do…如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is necessary for us to study hard. It is easy for him to speak English. 2、作句子的表语：不定式放在be 动词后面，用作表语如： Her dream is to be a policeman. My job is to help the patient. Your task is to clean the classroom. My dream is to own a robot. The doctor’s suggestion is to take more exercise. The best way is to talk to your parents. His plan is to travel to Beijing this summer. My purpose is to help you solve this problem. 3、作句子的宾语：不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语。能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物）很多，常见的有want, like, hate, wish, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect, remember, forget, plan, decide, would like, need, choose, agree, promise, refuse, set out, manage, pretend, I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. They began to read and write. She forgot to close the door. He wanted to borrow my CD player. I hope to speak English well. The workers demanded to get better pay. I hope to hear from you soon. John doesn’t want to be the host of the charity show. They are trying to solve the problem by himself. Millions of people have learned to use computers.
初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习(全面)
语法：动词不定式 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、构成：to do .否定式not to do 二、常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后 置。 比较下列句子 To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . ______ To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying ________ goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss ______ White. To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. _______ 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb：?i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等）。 It is very kind of you to help me. It ' s not polite of himto speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is n ecessary for us to study hard ___ It is easy for him to speak En glish. 动词不定式作主语练习 1. It's our duty the room every day. A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. cleans（甘肃省）
初中英语动词时态讲解及练习
16种英语时态总结归纳 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 1. 一般现在时 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。） 2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法： A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for 加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。 例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging 全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。 C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。 例：John has broken his left leg.（约翰摔断了左腿。） 注意事项 A) 现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。
初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)
动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth句型中，表示说话人对客观事件的决断，意为：做…..是……的，it仅作形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth It is very interesting to read.读书是有趣的 It is useful to read.看书是有用的 It is healthy to run every day.每天跑步是健康的 It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question.解出这道题对我来说有点难 It is bad not to finish homework.不完成作业是糟糕的 It is bad to be late for school.迟到是糟糕的 It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪，与It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth的意义不同。 It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．你能告诉我事实，真是太好了 It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．他做那件傻事，真是太笨了 It is very clever of you to work out this question. 你能解出这道题目，真是太聪明了 It is very wise of you to read this novel. 你看这本小说，真是太明智了 这个句型中用介词of而不是for的原因是这里的形容词是用来形容人的品质性格的。 类似的词有：careless，careful，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid，friendly 因此区分是用It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth还是It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth，要
(完整版)初中英语动词不定式练习题
一. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。 1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything. He was too angry _______ ______ anything. 2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting. I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting. 3. He said he would write a letter. He said he would have a letter ______ _______. 4. That you read English in the morning is very important. It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning. 5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头） He was strong _____ _____ ______ the stone. 6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday. His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday. 7. They got up early so that they could get there in time. They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time. 8. His brother decided that he would buy the book. His brother decided _____ _______ the book. 9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall. He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall. 10.I saw him go into the room. He was seen _____ ______ into the room. 11.We made him work five hours a day. He was made _____ ______ five hours a day. 12.Do you want to say anything for yourself? Do you have anything _____ _____ for yourself? 13.We don’t know what we shall do next. We don’t know what ____ _______ next. 14.I’m very sorry on hearing the bad news. I’m very sorry _____ _______ the bad news. 15.He stopped and had a look at me. He stopped _____ ______ a look at me. 16.I helped him with his English. I helped him _____ ______ English. 17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike. My father promised ____ ______ me a bike. 18.The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. The box is too heavy ______ me _______ _______. 19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog. The boy ordered his dog ______ ______ down. 20.“Don’t make any noise ”s he said to me. She told me ______ _______ ________ any noise. 二. 单选： 1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier ____it more difficult. A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make 3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .
(完整)初中英语动词分类讲解及练习(有答案)
动词概述 一、实义动词 ■①及物动词与不及物动词 根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。Vt. vi . They study hard. I know them well. 注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如： She sings very well. She sang an English song just now. 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，____不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once? She began working as a librarian after she left school. When did they leave Chicago?They left last week. 短语： ■②动态动词和静态动词 动态动词表示动作，如give, take, work, run等；静态动词表示感觉、情感、内心世界、相互关系等，如know, exist, be, have, appear, prove, concern, hate, dislike, like, love, surprise, include, depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。 ■③延续性动词和非延续性动词 根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain, live, work, learn等是延续性动词，go, come, leave, start, arrive, join, finish, end等是非延续性动词。 注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：[译]他离开这里三天了。 [误]He has left here for three days. [正]He has been away from here for three days. [正]He left here three days ago. [正]It’s three days since he left. ■④限定动词与非限定动词
初中不定式todo的用法
初中不定式todo的用法
1. 不定式的用法------1.1 不定式作主语 不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。 例如：It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。 It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。 但是，用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型。另外，这样的句子，不能用动名词作表语。例如： （对）To teach is to learn. （错）It is to learn to teach. （错）To teach is learning. （错）Teaching is to learn. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。 1.1.1 不定式做主语It's for sb/It's of sb to do sth 这样的句子中，由于表语形容词性质的不同，导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of 的区别。 1）for sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：例如： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
初中英语动词不定式部分知识讲解及练习
动词不定式 一. 定义： 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 二. 动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形 三. 动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（6点） 1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如： 1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. 2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice. 3)Id love to visit Mexico. 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to 的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。如： 1)Could you please tell me where to park my car? 2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. 3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it + adj. / n. + to do...。如： I find it difficult to remember everything. 4.既可接动词不定式又可接v_ing形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，v_ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。如： 1) Then I started to watch Tv. 2) I am beginning to understand my parents. begin用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。 3) I like to eat vegetables. 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5.后接动词不定式或v_ing形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接v_ing形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do 停下来做另外一件事，to do是目的状语；stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事，doing是宾语。try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事，go on doing 继续做原来的事。如： 1)When I left home, I forgot to bring it with me. 2)I stopped using them last year. 6. 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。 如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。 ( ) 1. I often see Tom____on the playground. When I passed the playground yesterday, I saw him_____. A. play; playing B. to play; play C. playing; to play C. playing; play
初中英语动词时态讲解汇编
初中英语动词时态复习讲义 一般现在时 一、动词的第三人称词尾变化： 写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。 1. cook _______ 2.watch________ 3.build_________ 4.have________ 5.wash________ 6. enjoy ______ 7. go _________8 receive ______9 cry______10. close ________ 11. drive _______ 12. choose ______13. play ________14. reach ________ 二. 一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）表示现在的状态。 例如：My father is at work.He is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 4)表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。（主将从现） 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
初中英语动词讲解及重点学习的练习.doc
动词 1 ）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（ Notional Verb ）、系动词（ Link Verb ）、助动词（ Auxiliary Verb ）、情态动词（ Modal Verb ）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having 是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （ has 是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（ Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt.和vi. 。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物 动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（ Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（ sing受主语she 的限制，故用第三人称 单数形式sings 。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（ to learn不受主语she 的限制，没有
词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词 （O ne-Word Verb ）、短语动词（ Phrasal Verb ）、动词短语（ Verbal Phrase ）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（ contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（ look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（ take care of是动词短语。）6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第 三人称单数形式（ Singular From in Third Personal ）、过去式（ Past Form）、过去分词（ Past Participle ）、现在分词（Present Participle）。 系动词 系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb ），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语 的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明： 有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。）
初中英语动词不定式用法梳理及练习题
初中英语动词不定式用法 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。 一、用作主语 直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如： 1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems. ' head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. to learn English well is important. see is to believe.(眼见为实；百闻不如一见) 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如： | best way is to join an English club. first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully. 三、用作宾语 1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如： 1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. ~ 2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice. 3)Id love to visit Mexico. 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。如： 1)Could you please tell me where to park my car 2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. ： 3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。如： I find it difficult to remember everything. 4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，ving形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。如： 1) Then I started to watch Tv. 2) I am beginning to understand my parents. .
初中英语动词不定式练习及答案
动词不定式练习：（35份） 一. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。 1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything. He was too angry _______ ______ anything. 2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting. I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting. 3. He said he would write a letter. He said he would have a letter ______ _______. 4. That you read English in the morning is very important. It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning. 5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头） He was strong _____ _____ ______ the stone. 6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday. His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday. 7. They got up early so that they could get there in time. They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time. 8. His brother decided that he would buy the book. His brother decided _____ _______ the book. 9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall. He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall. 10.I saw him go into the room. He was seen _____ ______ into the room. 11.We made him work five hours a day. He was made _____ ______ five hours a day. 12.Do you want to say anything for yourself? Do you have anything _____ _____ for yourself? 13.We don’t know what we shall do next. We don’t know what ____ _______ next. 14.I’m very sorry on hearing the bad news. I’m very sorry _____ _______ the bad news. 15.He stopped and had a look at me. He stopped _____ ______ a look at me. 16.I helped him with his English. I helped him _____ ______ English. 17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike. My father promised ____ ______ me a bike. 18.The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. The box is too heavy ______ me _______ _______. 19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog. The boy ordered his dog ______ ______ down. 20.“Don’t make any noise, ”she said to me. She told me ______ _______ ________ any noise. 二. 单选： 1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult. A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make 3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music . A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard