考研英语真题：阅读古典音乐解析

原文：The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part， the response has been favorable，to say the least. “Hooray！ At last！” wrote Anthony Tommasini， a sober-sided

classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise， however， is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini，who had advocated Gilbert‘s appointment in the Times，calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great

conductor or even a good one. To be sure， he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions， but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall，or anywhere else， to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes. Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money of the art-loving public， classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses， dance troupes，theater companies， and museums， but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap，available everywhere， and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s live performances；moreover， they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert. One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music

that is not yet available on record. Gilbert‘s own interest in new music has been widely noted： Alex Ross，a classical-music critic， has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different，more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the relationship between America‘s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract. 译文：纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert作为下一

任的音乐总监，这从2009年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音

乐界引起了热议。别的不说，大部分人的反应是积极的。“好啊，终于好了！” Anthony Tommasini写道，他可是一个以严肃著称的古典音乐评论家。但是，这个任命之所以一起人们惊讶的原因却是Gilbert相对而言并不是很有名。甚至在时代杂志上发文支持Gilbert任命的Tommasini都称其为：低调的音乐家，在他身上找不到那种飞扬跋扈的指挥家的气质。纽约爱乐乐团迄今为止都是由像Gustav Mahler（古斯塔夫？马勒）和Pierre Boulez布列兹那样的音乐家领导的。这样去描述这个乐团的下一位指挥，至少对于时代的读者而言，这是一种苍白的表扬。就我看来，我不知道

Gilbert是否是一个伟大的指挥家或者是一个好的指挥。但是我能确定的是，他能表现出很多有趣的乐章，但是我却应该不会去Avery Fisher Hall或者其他地方去听一场有趣的交响乐演出。我要做的事情就是去我的CD架上，或者打开的我的电脑从ITUNES上下载更多的唱片。那些忠实的音乐会观众会讲唱片并不能代替现场的演出，但是他们忽略了一些事情。当下为了获得艺术爱好者的钱，时间，关注度，古典音乐的演奏家们（其实就是指交响乐团，同意复述）不仅要和剧院，舞蹈队，演出公司和博物馆竞争，而且还需要和那些记录了20世纪的伟大的古典音乐演奏者表演的唱片竞争。唱片很便宜，那里都能买到，并且比现在很多现场音乐会的艺术质量要高。进一步的讲，听众能选择听唱片的时间和地点。这些到处可以获得的唱片给传统的演出机构带来了危机。对于古典音乐演奏者而言，他们可能的一个回应就是排练出唱片上没有的曲目。Gilbert对新音乐兴趣已经被广泛的关注了：Alex Ross，一名古典音乐的批评家，就这样描述道：他能够把爱乐乐团变成一个完全不同，更加有活力的组织。但是那种不同的性质也是什么呢？可能仅仅增加乐团演出的曲目是不够的，如果Gilbert和他的乐团要进步的话，他们就必须首先改变美国最古老的乐团（就是纽约爱乐乐团）同他们想吸引的新观众间的关系。文章分析：这篇文章来自Commentary 2007年9月刊的一篇文

章Selling Classical Music by TERRY TEACHOUT.这个杂志可以说知名度并不高，这可以看出命题人的出题指向性，反反命题的倾向很严重。以前的经济学人，今年只有在B节入选。这篇文章的体裁是议论文。第一二段都是一个引入。三段提出了作者的观点。四段和五段是对于三段观点进一步的递进和展开。而在第一个第二段中是不同的人对于新任指挥的看法。所以阅读考研文章没有什么复杂的就是关注观点！分清论点和论据！试题分析21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert‘s appointment has [A]incurred criticism [B]raised suspicion [C]received acclaim [D]aroused curiosity 解析：这个题目相对简单，文章在首段首句有这么一句话： The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. 纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请Alan Gilbert作为下一任的音乐总监，这从2009年任命被宣布之日起就在古典音乐界引起了热议。从这句话可以看出，人们对Gilbert‘s appointment是众说纷纭，充满了一探究竟的气氛，所以这道题目的答案为D. 22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is [A]influential [B]modest

[C]respectable [D]talented 解析：这个题目关键就是

要学会对论点和论据的敏感：Tommasini是个具体的人提他是有目的的。问他的看法，你可以直接看这样一句：“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”但是这样的句子中的：unpretentious和formidable属于难词，真正知道其词义的同学不多，无法直接得出答案而这个句子在段落中和第一句是一个递进的关系，他是进一步说明第一句的：One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise，however， is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.这个句子难度不大。这个人相对来讲名气不大。A，C，D 都无从谈起了。只有modest和这个名气大不大能相关。23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers

[A]ignore the expenses of live performances

[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances

[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances

[D]overestimate the value of live performances 解析：作者的观点：The author believes，这个是在关注定位词devoted concertgoers后的另外一个关键点；作者认为concertgoers miss the point；但具体是什么，需要看选项了。A ，忽略了现场演奏的费用，B，拒绝大多数的唱片演奏。这两个是没有根据的属于未提及选项。C有一定的干扰性：the variety of live performances，二段中是有

variety 这个单词的，并且在段落中出现了好多并列的成分，这样对于很多没有读懂原文的同学其实是会产生视觉干扰的。但是the value of live performances这个宾语和动词是没有原文依据的。最后一个选项之所以正确是由于：作者在一直说唱片的好，而前面又说concertgoers认为现场演奏不会被唱片代替。这样就是论点上的正话反说了。通过排除法我们直接可以把答案定位到最后一个：高估了现场表演的价值。24. According to the text， which of the following is true of recordings？[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality [B]They are easily accessible to the general public [C]They help improve the quality of music [D]They have only covered masterpieces 解析：这是一道典型的细节题，通过题干中的关键词：recordings定位到倒数第二段：These recordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in artistic quality than today‘s live performances； moreover，they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.一连串的描述就是B.干扰项是C ： They help improve the quality of music.听

Kevin的分析主谓宾，回文章中定位你会发现，文章中说的是唱片中的表演的质量要比现在的好，但是并没有说：help improve the quality of music. [A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.和原文表述相反。

[D]They have only covered masterpieces.原文没有提及。而且only的表意太绝对了。25. Regarding Gilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic， the author feels [A]doubtful [B]enthusiastic [C]confident [D]puzzled 解析：问作者的态度，主体是作者，对象是Gilbert‘s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic从具体表述出发寻找相应的态度表达词：But what will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough.一个but ，一个？，一个not就把这种不确定性给出来了。于是这就是选A doubtful.

考研英语一阅读理解真题加解析1994

Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding —the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation. Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. "All men are created equal." We've heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country's founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children — the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children — disabled or not — to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs. 59. In paragrah 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that ________. [A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the society [B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are [C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society [D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children 60. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that ________. [A] they are expected to be leaders of the society [B] they might become a burden of the society [C] they should fully develop their potentials [D] disabled children deserve special consideration 61. This passage mainly deals with ________. [A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities [B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society [C] the special educational programs for exceptional children [D] the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children 62. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children ________. [A] is now enjoying legal support [B] disagrees with the tradition of the country [C] was clearly stated by the country's founders [D] will exert great influence over court decisions 重点词汇： denote （v.表示）即de+note，de-向下，note 记录，“记录下来”→表示。Wisdom denotes the pursuing of the best and by the best means.“明智”指的是以最好的方法追求最好的结果。难句解析： ①Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. ▲第一个短句结构很简单，第二句中For these children to develop to their full adult potential是一个表示目的的状语，也可以看成是一个从主句their education must be adapted to those differences后面提前了的介词结构。 △第一个短句中exceptional一词我们从文章后面的叙述中可以知道它不是我们一般理解的“杰出的，出类拔萃的”，而应指“反常的，有缺陷的”，其实此处的exceptional是一种“身有残疾”的委婉表达法；significant应理解为“重要的，关键的”，而第二句的develop to their full adult potential的develop是一个不及物动词，意为“发展，养成”，而potential是一个名词，意为“潜能”；be adapted to的意思是“被调整，适应”。 ②While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. ▲此句由一个while引导的让步状语从句the leading actor on the stage captures our attention和一个主句构成。 △要理解本句，重点是看到它是一个类比，把残疾儿童比喻为舞台上的主要角色，而他们的家庭和社会环境被比喻为配角和戏剧的布景。在考研的阅读理解中，当我们碰到作者使用各种比喻和类比时，最重要的一点就是要弄清其用比喻来说明的对象。 ③And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society's understanding — the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.

2020年考研英语一阅读解析

2020年考研英语一阅读解析 2020年考研英语一阅读解析 1)理解主旨要义； 2)理解文中的具体信息； 3)理解文中的概念性含义； 4)实行相关的判断、推理和引申； 5)根据上下文推测生词的词义； 6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系； 7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度； 8)区分论点和论据。万变不离其宗，在此再次提醒考生如何有重点地实行下一步复习：真题再现，反复精练，摸清思路，再次提升真题是最应该重视的，近十年的考研英语阅读真题对于备考来说是非常有价值的，出题形式稳定，掌握出题规律，也是最真的模拟。各位考生在私下备考时，应侧重从宏观上掌握此题命题走向，微观了解此题细分题型及应对技巧。其中，考研英语的阅读在整张试卷中所占的比重，除40分值的传统阅读理解题型，还有10分的新题型，即七选五、补全段落之类题目，使得考生又对其不得不更加重视。同时，翻译和完形填空题型的解答与阅读水平的高低也有着直接的联系，读懂是首要，才能更好地实行下一步，翻译或完成句子。所以，提升阅读水平，在考研英语中绝对不容忽视。同时，在专项练习中，根据自己实际情况，强项稳住，弱项增强练习，对于真题中涉及到的每一篇文章，每一道题目，每一个选项，都要从精读的角度，真正理解和掌握文章的词、句，将答案中的关键

点与文章中、题干中的关键词结合起来，仔细分析，找出其中的联系，学会定位原文，这就是熟悉作者的出题思路和掌握自己的做题思路。错不怕，重分析，做总结，心态调整好做题的过程中，难免有些同学偶尔发现自己的错题过多，不要焦躁与灰心，错题分析的过程中就是总结提升的过程。只要发现问题实行总结，相信到最后好的结果一定等着我们。考题的难度就是历年真题的难度，但是只要反复练习，整理思路，持续提升，在自己的水平范围内拿到更高的分数，就是成功。

2018考研英语阅读解题思路：细节题_毙考题

2018考研英语阅读解题思路：细节题理解文章的具体信息和概念含义是大纲对阅读的明确要求。细节题目的考查在每年的考研英语真题当中都会占到一半以上，考生必须给予足够重视，牢牢掌握细节题的解题方法和思路。我们以2009年的真题为例： The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. 31. The author holds that the importance of education in poor countries______. [A] is subject to groundless doubts [B] has fallen victim of bias [C] is conventional downgraded [D] has been overestimated 解析：首先依据题干关键词the importance of education in poor countries定位到第一句The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood，但是仔细研读后发现贫穷国家中正规教育与经济发展之间的关系为经济学家及政治家们普遍误解。，该句只是在说正式教育和经济发展之间的关系，并不是题干所要找的教育的重要性。继续定位到第三句however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.那种认为教育应该是促进贫穷国家经济快速发展的重要因素之一的传统观点是错误的。句中涉及了和教育的重要性相关的信息，锁定为答案出处。作者说这种传统的观点时错误的，可以理解为作者认为贫困国家不应该把教育看的如此重要，即，现在的贫困国家太过于注重教育了，所以答案选[D] has been overestimated教育被高估了。[C] is conventional downgraded被降级轻视，和原文事实相反。A和B选项所说的怀疑和偏见态度在原文中找不到依据，可排除。

考研英语阅读真题及详细解析教程文件

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题阅读 Section II R eading Comprehension Each of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points) Text 1 ①In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. ②A new phase in space exploration has begun. ①The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size. ②Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. ③It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. ④In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earth’s twin.” ①The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. ②Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earth’s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide (CO2) that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). ③Water is all but nonexistent. ①Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. ②For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. ③It has no earth’s oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. ④In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace. 一、词汇 1．shuttle n. 返汽车(列车，飞机)；航天飞机，航天器 2．release v. 放出，释放 3.probe n. 探测 4.phase n. 阶段 5.density n. 密度 6.approximately ad. 大概，大约 7.stuff n. 材料，东西 8.passes for被当成9.sulfuric a. 硫的 10. acid n. 酸性物质，酸11. axis n. 轴(线) 12.leisurely ad. 慢慢地，悠然地二、长难句 1. In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. 该句主干为space shuttle “Atlantis” released … the space probe “Megallan”，which引导的定语从句做后置定语，修饰先行词the space probe “Megallan”。翻译：1989年5月，“亚特兰蒂斯”号航天飞机将“麦哲伦”号金星探测器释放到外太空，

最全考研英语一真题阅读答案+经典解析.doc

21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that A. arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers. B. English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews. C. high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. D. young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies. 22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized by A free themes. B casual style. C elaborate layout. D radical viewpoints. 23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on? A It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals. B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism. D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing. 24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs? A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. C His style caters largely to modern specialists. D His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition. 25. What would be the best title for the text? A Newspapers of the Good Old Days

2019考研英语阅读理解常考题型总结

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