状语从句语法讲解
高中英语状语从句
一、定义：
在句中作状语的从句是状语从句,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导,从属连词在句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,状语从句放在句首时,要用逗号,放在句尾时不用.
二、分类
根据意义上的不同,状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较状语从句三、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；主句是过去将来时,从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时；主句是一般过去时,从句用一般过去时.记忆：“主将从现”
（一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：As, when (whenever), before, after, as soon as, until (till), since, every time, once.
（二）、具体应用1）“while”主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while引导的从句用延续性动词,常表示较长的时间或一个过程.记忆：While 后用进行时.While we were having supper, all the lights went out.
Please keep quiet while others are studying.
While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV. 2）When表示“就在……的时候”, while意为反而,可是,表示转折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street, when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.
3）Whenever 无论什么时候,随时
1. Whenever someone throws in some rubbish, the truck produces a piece of music.
每当有人扔进一些垃圾时,它（汽车）就放一段音乐.
2. Whenever we’re in trouble, they will help us.
3. I go to the theatre, whenever I am free.
4. Come and see me whenever you want to.你随时来看我.
4）till和until(表示“直到……”)句首多用until
1、在肯定句中表示“直到……为止”,主句谓语动词要用延续性动词.
I was waiting until/till he arrived.
2、在否定句中表示“直到……才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词,这时until和till常被before 替换.
I didn' t leave till/until she came back.
5）since: 主句用完成时,从句用一般过去时,since引导的从句间或可用现在完成时.
It is two years since I have studied English.
1. We have known each other since we were children.
2. We have been friends (ever since) since we met at school.
3. It is ……(一段时间)+since+一般过去时态句子.
It is two years since my sister married.
……(一段时间) have/has passed since +一般过去时态句子
Two sisters have/has passed since my sister married.
Since+时间点
1. I have been at home since three o' clock this afternoon.
2. Maria has been in China since two years ago.
6）Every time, each time, next time
Every time you get back at night, you drop your boots on the floor.
Every time I catch cold, I have pain in my back.
Next time I go there, I will visit them.
7）once 一旦…就
Once you begin, you must go on. 你一开了头,就应该继续下去.
四、地点状语从句
地点状语从句用where, wherever引导
We should go where the people need us.我们应该去人民需要我们的地方.
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成.
Wherever they went, they received a worm welcome.
无论他们走到哪儿都受到热烈欢迎.
She follow him whose he goes. 他无论到哪里她总跟着.
五、原因状语从句
原因状语从句用because(因为),since(既然), as(由于)引导1、字母由多到少,语气由强到弱.
2、由why提问必须用because回答.
Since, as不回答why的提问,而且从句一般放在句首,because一般放在主句之后.
3、before of +名词
Because of the rain, we didn' t go to the park.
4、because 和so不可连用,只能选其一.（另有although, but）
Why didn' t he come to school? Because he was ill.
Since I must die, I must. 既然我一定要死,我一定这样做.
Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a Chance.
5、for并列连词,不能放在句首,主要放在两个并列句之间.For所提供的理由为一个补充说明,而且前面常有逗号隔开.
The days we short, for it is December now.
六、目的状语从句
目的状语从句用so(常用于口语), that, so that, in order that引导
目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词.
1. We'll sit never to the front so we can hear well.
2. He studied hard so that he might succeed.
3. I'll speak slowly so that you can take notes.
4. They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.
5. I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.
6. I’m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.
七、条件状语从句
条件状语从句由if, unless, (so) as long as(只需)引导
在条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来时（与时间状语从句相同）
We will miss the train if you don' t hurry.
He said we would miss the train if we didn't hurry.
You will fail the exam unless you study hard.
= (if you don’t study hard)
He won’t come unless he is invited.
= (if he isn't invited)
Eat less food unless you want to become fatter.
= (if you don’t want to become better)
As long as you are not afraid of difficulties, you are sure to succeed.
As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.
八、结果状语从句
结果状语从句由such…that, so….that, so that, that 引导
1. Such…that 的常用句型
such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that
such +形容词+可数名词单数+that
Such+形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）+that
注意so many (much, few, little) +名词,such a lot of (或lots of)+名词是惯用法,不可乱用. She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.
They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.
It was such delicious food that they ate it up.
2. so+形容词或副词+that
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that
He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.
He works so hard that he did everything well.
It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.
It was such a good day that we all went swimming.
3.so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句
He didn't study hard, (so) that he failed the exam.
4. Too…to, enough…to 可以引导结果状语从句与so…that 替换,so…that结构可以用too…to 替换必须具备两个条件,一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致,二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can (could) not.
She is young that she can’t go to school.
She is too young to go to school.
She isn't old enough to go to school.
九、让步状语从句
although, though
even though = even if, whether…or
however = no matter how
whatever = no matter what
whoever = no matter who
whenever = no matter when
wherever = no matter where
*although和though都表示“虽然”只是although 更正式,多用于句首,而though用于句中,二者都可与yet, still连用,但不与but连用
Although/Though they are poor, they often help others.
They are poor, but they often help others.
Although he has failed many times, he doesn' t give up trying.
Whatever/No matter what you say, I won' t believe you.
No matter what you say, I don' t care.
No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.
However hard he tried, he failed again.
No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out riding the waves.
十、方式状语从句
方式状语从句由as(如同,按照),as if (though)引导
*as和like都有“像”的意思,as是连词,后面连接句子,like是介词后面可加名词、代词或名词性短语.
I did the work as others did. 相当于I did like others.
You must do as I do.
as if(though)两者意义相同,从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气,但实现可能性较大,则用连接词.
It seems as if/though it’s going to rain.
They are talking as if/though they were old friends.
She treats me as if I were her brother.
When you are in home,do as the Romans do.
例You must do ______ I told you.
A. after
B. before
C. where
D. as (D)
The students must do ______ the teacher told them.
A. as
B. before
C. after
D. if (A)
十一、比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as…as, not as(so)…as, than, the+比较级,the+比较级引导
He swims as well as you. (do)
He doesn' t swim as well as you (do).
He got here earlier than you. (did)
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 英语语法状语从句类型综述状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语.一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式.尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点.现分别列举如下:
1．时间状语从句
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner …than, hardly …when, scarcely …when I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3．原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as, since 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. 4．目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 5．结果状语从句常用引导词：so …that, so…that, such …that,
特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night. 6．条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless,
特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 7．让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though 特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.
尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议.
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
8．比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词：the more …the more …; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no …more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人,犹如油之于机器.9．方式状语从句常用引导词：as, as if, how
特殊引导词：the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. 英语语法状语从句
状语从句语法讲解
咼中英语状语从句 定义: 在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句 尾时不用. 分类 根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④ 目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较 状语从句三、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；主句是—过去将来时，从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时；主句是一般过去时忆：“主将 ，从句用一般过去时.记从现” (一)引导时间状语从句的连词有：As，whe n (whe never)，before，after，as soo n as，un til (till)，since，every time，once. | （二）、具体应用1）“while ”主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while引导的从句用延续性 动词，常表示较长的时间或一个过程.记忆：While 后用进行时.While we were having supper， all the lights went out. Please kee p quiet while others are study in g」 While I was writing letters last night，he was watching TV. 2 ）When 表示“就在”的时候"， while 意为反而，可是，表示转折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street，when he sudde niy stopped outside a little house. 3）When ever无论什么时候，随时 1.When ever some one throws in some rubbish，the truck p roduees a pi eee of music. 每当有人扔进一些垃圾时，它（汽车）就放一段音乐 2.When ever we' re in trouble，they will help us. 3.I go to the theatre, whe never I am free. https://www.360docs.net/doc/d48757092.html,e and see me whe never you want to.你随时来看我 4) till和until(表示"直到” ”)句首多用until | 1在肯定句中表示“直到”为止”，主句谓语动词要用延续性动词 I was wait ing un til/till he arrived. 2、在否定句中表示“直到，，才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词，这时until和till常被before 替换. I did n' t leave till/un til she came back. 5) si nee:主句用完成时，从句用一般过去时，si nee引导的从句间或可用现在完成时 It is two years since I have studied En glish. 1.We have known each other si nee we were childre n. 2.We have bee n friends （ever sin ce） since we met at school. 3.It is ”（一段时间）+since+—般过去时态句子 It is two years since my sister married. I
语法 状语从句讲解
语法状语从句 由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或就是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。 第一讲时间, 地点状语从句 时间状语从句:when, while, as, before, after, since , whenever until, till, by the time(注意时态) as soon as, had hardly…when, had no sooner…than,(on doing sth…) the moment, every time/ each time, the first time, once e、g: When he came, I had cleaned the classroom、 He didn’t stop working until his mother came bake、 He worked until his mother came back、 As soon as he returned, he bought a new flat、 He had no sooner returned than he bought a new flat He came to scene the moment he heard the news、 I thought her nice and honest the first time I met him、 Once he makes up your mind, he won’t change his mind、 It was two years before I met him again、= Two years passed before I met him again、注意点1、when引导的从句动词可以就是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须就是延续性的; while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,表示“而”、“却”。 When I got home I found the door locked、 While(或When)we were working in the fields, it suddenly began to rain、 His pencil is red, while mine is yellow、 2、till与until not…until/till 解释为直到…才…主句动词一般就是短暂性的 …till/until… 解释为直到…为止主句动词一般就是延续性的一般情况下可以互换,但until可以位于句首,till则不能。 He worked until it was dark、 He didn’t stop working until it was dark、 Until it stops raining,the children can’t go out、 ＝Not until the rain stops can the children go out、 地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词就是where 与wherever等。 I ll go wherever the people want me to go、(wherever＝to any place where) He works where his grandfather fought、(where＝in the place where) You must stay where you are、= You must stay in the place where you are、 Wherever you go, I go too、 Where there is water, there is life、(那儿有… 那儿就有… Where there is a will, there is a way、) 圈出其中的从句并翻译: 1.Whenever it is his turn to speak, he gets nervous、 2.Every time he comes, he always tells us something interesting、 3.When I get the news, I will let you know as soon as possible、 4.Once he makes a promise, he will never break it、 5.I had no sooner run into the school gate than I heard the bell for class、 6.I found the lost watch under a desk after the children had left for home、 7.He had to be called two or three times before he came down to dinner、 8.We didn’t notice anything wrong with the washer until we started using it、 9.The hunter made mark on the tree where he stops、 10.Wherever he is, he will find time to do some reading、
高中英语语法状语从句归纳总结
状语从句一． 二．分类：
adv.+that （如此……以致） so that （结果……） such+n.+that （如果……以致） that （所以，因此） 让步状语从句： though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although （虽然） however （可是） even though/if （即使） no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever （不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时） 比较状语从句： as （正如） as…as （和……一样） not as/so … as （不如……） than （比……更） the+比较级…+the+比较级 （越……越……） 条件状语从句： if （假设） unless （如果不） so long as （只要） on condition that （如果） 方式状语从句： as （像……那样地） just as （正像） as if （好像） as though （好像） 三． 四． 各种状语从句的简化方法：
1． 2．以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于after/before+doing sth. 作状语。 例：After she sang，she left the rich man's house．= After singing，she left the rich man's house．3． 4．以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。 例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village． = Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village． 5． 6．时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。 例：She stopped when she saw her husband．= She stopped to see her husband． If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside． = To understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside． 7． 8．结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。 例：He was so tired that he couldn't go any further．= He was too tired to go any further． I came here so that I could ask some questions．= I came here(in order) to ask some questions．9． 10．以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken．= When turning on the radio，he found it broken．While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car．= While walking along the street，she was hit by a car． 11．原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。 例：Since l didn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English． 注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。 例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house． = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house． 12．在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。 例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited．= The film start appearing，the children got exited． If all the work is done, you can have a rest．= With all the work done，you can have a rest． Nothing can live if there is no air．= Nothing can live without air．
语法知识—状语从句的分类汇编含解析
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1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
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