高考英语书面表达书信和通知辅导

(2005-12-15 20:51:24)

分类：高考英语高考英语书面表达书信和通知辅导

【题例一】 书面表达：(NMET1999)
假设你是李华，在一所中学读书。最近收到美国朋友Smith 先生的来信。他三年前参观过你校，
听说现在变化很大，希望了解有关情况。参照下图（图片无法显示，见《高考纠错本 英语》一书，下同），给他写一封回信，介绍你校的变化。
注意：1．回信须包括图画的主要内容，可以适当增减细节，使内容连贯。
2．词数100左右。
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m glad to receive your letter.①Yes,you’re right,in the past three years great changes happened in my school.
There ②is only one school building in my school three years ago,but now,there is another new building ③at the east of our school and a library ④at the weast ⑤where used to be my playground.The new playground is built ⑥ out of my school age.⑦So my school becomes larger than before.Also around my school there are lots of trees which are planted by ourselves.
⑧Now,my school becomes large and beautiful.I hope some day you can come to my school.⑨We’ll welcome you!
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
【误点及纠错】
1．短语句子不符习惯
【纠错】本文要点基本齐全,但在表达中有些层次不清,且有多处语法和用法不当的错误.
① 第二句话Yes, you’re right, in the past three years great changes happened in my school.中,有用词搭配错误，change 不能与happen一起使用，happen应改为take place,而且此处时态应该用完成时和时间状语in the past three years呼应。改后的句子为：Yes, you’re right, in the past three years great changes have taken place in my school.② 第二段第一句中is 应改为was.③ at the east of our school 应改为 in the east of our school.④ at the weast应改为 in the west, weast 是拼写错误。⑥ age是明显的拼写错误，应该是gate,这种错误应尽量避免；out of my school gate 指的是大门外，不妥。把out of 改成in front of 或outside较好。
⑧ Now, my school becomes large and beautiful这句话可改为：Now, my school become more and more beautiful.理由同⑦。⑨We’ll welcome you ! 应改为:You are welcome!
又如“题例二” ③ get to 是固定词组。⑤write down是固定词组，意为“记下”。⑥“在吃午饭时”，应用介词短语。⑧“to one’s joy”是固定词组，意为“令某人高兴的是。” ⑨another意为“又一”。
又如“题例三” ①raise 相当于lift,指把某物位置升高；improve相当于become better,意为“改进；提高”。⑤按英语习惯，表达“欢迎某人做某事”时，经常把welcome用作形容词。
又如“题例四”⑦can’t常用来表示“能力；可能性”，此处最好

用shouldn’t。
2．上下文缺乏逻辑
【纠错】⑤ where used to be my playground 中存在逻辑错误，应改为：where our old playground used to be .
3．结论不当
【纠错】⑦ So my school becomes larger than before 这个结论不太恰当，学校不会因为操场的迁出而变大，况且在原操场处又建了图书馆，这句话应去掉。
参考范文：
Dear Mr Smith,
I was so pleased to hear from you and am writing to tell you something about my school. You are right. Quite a few changes have taken place. On one side of the road there is a new classroom building. On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building---our library. In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. The playground is now in front of the school. We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school. I hope you come and see for yourself some day.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
【题例二】书面表达：
用日记形式记一次有意义的旅行。
提示：1．时间：2000年4月16日，星期天；2．天气：晴；3．人员：你班全体人员；4．地点：森林（乘车两小时到达）；5．活动内容：记录看到的动植物，野餐，检验河水，看看是否有污染。
要求：词数不少于100词。
习作：
Sunday, April 16,2000 Fine
This Sunday(Today①) our class organized a trip to a forest. We went by bus and it takes(took②)us two hours to get to③) the forest. When we arrived, we walked through the forest separately. While we were walking, we (we④) recorded all the wildlife and plants we could see in the forest (as we walked).When we found an unknown plant, we wrote (it down⑤) in our notebooks.
Lunch(At lunch⑥) time we made a fire in the open and cooked the meal over it. After lunch, we came to a river and tested the water to see if it was polluting(ed⑦).Late in the afternoon we returned. In(To our⑧) joy, we not only learned about some wildlife and plants, but also enjoyed ourselves very much. I hope I’ll have other(another⑨) chance to go out for a more interesting outing.
4．时间状语误用
【纠错】①日记记述的是当天发生的事情，故此处状语使用“Today”更准确。
5．时态误用
【纠错】②日记多用过去时，与上下文时态一致。
6．缺乏句子间的连接成分
【纠错】④此处用as引导状语从句，意为“一边……一边”。
7．时态和语态误用
【纠错】⑦“检查河水是否受到污染”，从句中应用被动语态。
【题例三】书面表达：
英语学生会将举办英语演讲比赛，请用英语起草一份通知（notice）.通知包括以下内容：
演讲时间：下周六下午三点
地点：201室
题目：自定，演讲时间不得超过10

分钟。
报名办法：向班长报名（sign up）
评判及奖励：邀请五位教师任评委（judge）,获前十名的参赛者（contestant）获奖
举办单位：学生会
写通知日期：2002年5月18日
习作：
Notice
May 18, 2002
In order to raise(improve①)the student’s ability to speak English, the Students’ Union of the English Department will hold an English contest in Room 201 on Saturday at 3 p.m.② next week. Those who are willing to take part in it sign up with the monitors now. Every contestant can speak about the (any③)subject within ten minutes. Five teachers will be (invited to be④)judges. The first ten winners will be given awards as an encouragement. Welcome all(All) the students(are welcome⑤)to be present at the contest.
The Students’ Union
8．时间顺序不当
【纠错】②当句子有两个时间状语时应先说具体的，即先说小的，后说大的。
9．内容要点遗漏
【纠错】③根据提示，演讲者可自选任何一个主题。④句中应表示出“邀请”字样。
又如“题例四” ③ 本通知是在上语音课之前，科代表在教室里发表的，所以动词应用go。④there本身即副词，不必用in。
【题例四】书面表达：
假如你是英语科代表，在去语言实验室上听力课之前，向全班宣布注意事项：
①请提前5分钟来语言实验室；②换鞋进语言实验室；③除教材外不要带其他东西；④按老师指令做，不要随便动机器；⑤课堂上只许讲英语，不许讲汉语；⑥可以复制听力材料；⑦课后关机，按顺序离开实验室。
注意：
不要逐条翻译，以口头通知形式写一篇短文。字数：100字左右。
通知开头已给出：Hello, everyone. May I have your attention, please?
Hello, everyone. May I have your attention, please? I have something important to tell you.①
When we have classes in the sound lab, please go (be②)there five minutes earlier. Change your shoes before you come(go③) into the lab. Don’t take anything into the lab except your textbooks, Once you’re in④ there, follow the teacher’s instruction(s⑤).Don’t touch the machines unless the teacher tells you(to⑥).In class you can only speak English. You can’t(shouldn’t⑦) speak Chinese. You can use the machines to make a copy of the⑧ listening material. When class is over, turn off your machine and leave the lab one by one.
That’s all. Thank you .(这是口头通知常用的结束语。⑨)
10．用词不当
【纠错】①文章开场白写得好，符合口头通知习惯用语，上下句衔接自然。②此处用be或get，语义表达才更确切。⑧此处不必要使用定冠词。
11．单复数不一致
【纠错】⑤instruction在作“指示；说明；指令”解时，应使用复数形式。
【整合练习】
I).下面6幅画描述了5月9日中午你

和父母，姐姐在动物园一起午餐时所发生的
事情。根据这些图画用英语写一篇日记。
注意：1.日记应包括图中要点，可以适当增加细节，使其连贯。
2.词数：100个左右。
3.日记的开头已写好，不计入总词数。
May 9, Sunday Fine
This morning my parents took my sister and me to the zoo…
生词：废物箱 litter-basket

II) .假如你是南京某中学学生李华。“十一”国庆节将至，你校外籍教师Alex打算利用“十一”长假外出旅游，请根据下面的图例和中文提示用英语写一封信，为Alex提供旅游建议。
日期活动安排
10月1日上午8：00从南京出发，下午游览天安门广场
10月2日登长城
10月3，4日游览颐和园；逛商场，购物
10月5日登泰山
10月6日早上看日出，下午返回
注意：1.短文必须包括所有内容，要点，可适当增加细节，使其连贯，通顺。
2.词数：100左右。
3.信的开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Alex,
Here is my suggestion about your journey during the long National Day holidays…
III).假如你叫李明，你有一位英国网友名叫Tom，他听说过中国的故宫，但知之不多，于是给你发来了email，请你给他介绍一下有关故宫的一些情况。请你根据下面提供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件：
1. 故宫（the Palace Museum）又叫紫禁城（the Forbidden City）。它于1407年开始修建，二十万人花了十四年的时间，于1420年建成。
2. 它所有的宫殿一共有999个房间。在中国“9”这个数字传统地被认为是吉祥的。
3. 现在，每周星期二，故宫免费向中国学生开发。
4. 故宫保存着中国历史上五千多年来的珍宝（precious treasures）。请他亲自来看一下。
IV).假如你是李华，你的邻居张达去年七月毕业于安徽大学，现准备到南方找一家公司任职，而你的表哥恰好是南方一家公司的人事部负责人。现在请你用英语为他写一封推荐信。张达的个人资料如下表：
姓名张达性别男年龄23婚姻状况未婚
政治面貌党员
身体健康，身高1.82米
专业广告设计
特长绘画，打字，英语读写，汽车驾驶
性格特点少言语，细致，耐劳，有创新精神
爱好乒乓球
注意：词数100个左右。
V).假如你是校学生会主席，根据学校的安排，由你给全校同学播送一条通知。内容如下：
1. 10月16日（星期六）下午2：30有一个实事报告
2. 报告人：英国剑桥大学Smith Milton教授
3. 报告内容：东西方不同建筑风格及其对艺术，文化的影响
4. 地点：学校礼堂
5. 要求：所有同学都要参加，准时到场，认真听讲，做好笔记。在听报告期间，如有问题询问，可举手或递纸条给

报告人。报告会结束后将分班进行讨论
请根据以上内容写一则100词左右的英文广播通知。
参考答案：
1．May 9,Sunday Fine
This morning my parents took my sister and me to the zoo. At noon we had a picnic on the grass. I ate too much, so I couldn’t finish my sandwich. As I didn’t know what to do with it, I asked my sister for advice. She pointed at the notice, which said, “ No litter.” And she asked me to throw the sandwich into the litter-basket. Just then I saw an elephant coming slowly towards us. Suddenly an idea came into my mind. I could feed the elephant with my sandwich and I did so in the end. Seeing this, my sister smiled and said, “How clever you are!”
2. Dear Alex,
Here is my suggestion about your journey during the long National Day holidays. On October 1,you may take the 8:00 flight to Beijing. You are to visit the Tian’an men Square in the afternoon. Next day, I suggest you visit the Great Wall, the longest wall in the world. For the next two days, you can go to the Summer Palace, walk around and do some shopping. On October 5,you are to take a train to Tai’an City to climb Mount Tai on the top of which, if lucky, you’ll have the chance to see the sunrise early in the morning. On the afternoon of October 6,you may return to Nanjing by train. I wish you could enjoy your travel.
Yours,
Li Hua
3. Dear Tom,
It is nice to receive your email. Now I’d like to tell you something about the Palace Museum.
Palace Museum is also called the Forbidden City. It took 200,000 workers more than 14 years to build it. The Forbidden City was finished in 1420.As the largest museum in the world, the Palace Museum holds cultural treasures from the past 5,000 years of Chinese history. The City’s palaces have 9,999 rooms altogether. Chinese people traditionally have thought of nine as a lucky number. Students from all over China can now visit it in groups free of charge every Tuesday. The museum is under reconstruction.
I hope you can come to China and take a look at this museum with your own eyes.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Ming
4. Dear cousin,
I am writing to you to introduce my neighbour, who is also my friend, to you. His name is Zhang Da, a Party member. He had studied advertisement design in Anhui University for four years, and in July last year he graduated from the university with good achievement in his study. I learned he wanted to find a job for himself in a company in the south, and I immediately thought of your company. Zhang is a tall young man of 23,and is unmarried. He is good at many things especially at drawing, typing and driving. He also speaks and writes English excellently and he plays table tennis w

ell. He speaks little but he works hard and carefully with the spirit of making innovations. So I think you need such a person.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
5. Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please? Now I have an announcement to make. There will be a lecture in our school auditorium on Saturday Oct.16.It is about the different styles between eastern and western architecture and their effects on art and culture. The lecture will be given by Smith Milton, a professor from Cambridge University in England. It will begin at 2:30 p.m. Everyone is required to attend. Please listen carefully and take notes. If somebody has a question, please put up your hand or write it down on a piece of paper and pass it to the speaker. After the lecture, we’ll have a discussion in each class.
Please do remember the time and place:2:30 p.m. Saturday Oct.16,school auditorium. Don’t be late