初中英语重点词语辨析

初中英语重点词语辨析
初中英语重点词语辨析

初中英语重点词语辨析

1. after, in

这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思;

after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中;

如:

She went after three days.

她是三天以后走的;

in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中;如:

She will go in three days.

她三天以后要走;

2. how long, how often, how soon

how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问;

如:

How long ago was it?

这是多久前的事了?

how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week 等)提问;

如:

—How often does he come here? —Once a month.

他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次?

how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问;

如:

How soon can you come?

你多快能赶来?

3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some

few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;

而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”;few 和a few修饰可数名词;little 和a little 修饰不可数名词;several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思;

some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或a little,有时指更多一些的数量;

4. the other, another

the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指;

如:

We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other.

我们站在街这边,他们站在那边;

another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个;

如:

She has taken another of my books.

她已经拿了我的另外一本书;

5. spend, take, cost, pay

spend的宾语通常是时间,金钱,在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语;

如:

She spent the whole evening in reading.

她把整个晚上用来读书;

take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语;如:

How long will this job take you?

你做这项工作要花多长时间?

cost 指花费时间、金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态;

如:

How much does the jacket cost?

这件夹克多少钱?

pay主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人);

如:

I pay for my rooms by month.

我按月支付租金;

6. speak, say, talk, tell

这四个动词都有“说”的意思;

speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,指开口说或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称,

如:

He can speak Japanese. 他会说日语;

say的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容;它的宾语可以是名词、代词或直接引语等;

如:

She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”

她说:“别在墙上画画!”

talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与speak意义比较接近,但不如speak 正式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话;

如:

She is talking with John in English;

她正在和约翰用英语交谈;

tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语,除了story, news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外,还可以接人等间接宾语;

如:

She is telling the children a story;

她正在给孩子们讲故事;

7. among, between

between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间;如:

There is a table between two windows.

在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子;

between有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间;

如:

the relationship between different provinces and municiplities

省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系) among 的意思是“在……中间;在……之中”,一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中;

如:

The teacher distributed them among the students.

老师把这些东西分给了学生;

8. beat, win

这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同;

beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队;

如:

We beat them. 我们打败了他们;

win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛、名次;

如:

We won the match/game/race/the first place.

我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名);

9. agree with, agree on, agree to

agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”;

如:

We all agree on (making) an early start.

我们一致同意及早出发;

agree with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见?看法的名词或what引导的从句;如:

I agree with you without reservation;

我毫无保留地同意你的意见;

We agree with what you said just now.

我们同意你刚才所说的意见;

agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句;如:

I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件;

10. bring, take, carry,fetch

这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同;

Bring表示“带来,拿来”;

如:

Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work.

下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我;

take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解;

如:

Take the box away, please.

请把盒子拿走;

carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车、船,也可以用手甚至用头;

如:

This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers.

这辆巴士准载一百人;

fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思;

如:

Please fetch me the documents in that room.

请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我;

11. each, every

两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同;

each着重个别的情况,every着重全体,有“所有的”的意思;如:

She knows each student of the class;

她认识这个班里的每一个学生;

She knows every student of the class.

她认识这个班所有的学生;

12. no one, none

no one指“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与nobody相同,作主语时不必跟of连用,

如:

No one believes him since he is not honest.

没有人相信他,因为他不诚实;

No one else but I went.

除我以外,谁也没去;

none指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单复数都可以,但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式;

如:

None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties.

我们谁也不怕困难;

13. go on doing, go on to do, go on with

这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如下:

go on doing表示“继续做,一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;

go on to do表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go on with也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止后,又继续下去;

14. too much, much too

二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形容词、副词,不可修饰动词;

如:

It’s much too cold;

天气实在是太冷了;

too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法:(1)作名词词组;

如:

You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了;

(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词;

如:

Don’t drink too much wine. 不要饮太多的酒;

(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词;

如:

She talks too much. 她说话太多。

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●few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系: few / a few用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意义,没有,几乎没有; a few表示有肯定意思,有几个。例如: He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 little / a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意思,没有,几乎没有。 a little 表示肯定意思,有一点儿。例如: There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗? [问] 1. My father has many books, but he has_____ English books. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few Answer 2. The twins can speak only ___ French. A. a few B. few C. little D. a little Answer [析] 1. few 与little 作形容词用,都表示“几乎没有”,相当于一个否定词。具体区别: (1) few 后面跟复数可数名词。 e.g. few books few students (2) little 后面跟单数不可数名词。 e.g. little water little food e.g. He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱 2. a few 与 a little 都表示肯定的意思,指“有一点,有一些”。具体区别: (1) a few 后加可数名词复数 (2)a little 后加不可数名词单数。 e.g. I'm going to buy a few bananas. I can speak only a little Chinese. 3. a little 与little 也可以用作副词,表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少”  e.g. ----Can you speak English? ----Yes, but only a little. This book is a little more difficult than that one. (可修饰形容词比较级) She slept little last night. 昨天晚上,她没有怎么睡觉。 ●very与much very与much表示“很”,“非常”。 不能用very来作修饰词,只能用much来作修饰词 very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级; much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级,修饰动词要用much或very much. She said she was much better than before. 她说她比过去好多了。 I like English very much. 我非常喜欢英语。

《绝对免费,强烈推荐》初中英语词语辨析精讲学习必备

★哈佛大学★英语系研究,美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。 官方网站:https://www.360docs.net/doc/d613187184.html,/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供 学英语简单吗?肯定会有许多学生说:“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢?答案只有一个:“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言,为什么你说汉语会如此流利?那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境,那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境,坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。 一、多“说”。 自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语,见了同学,尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候,谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典,遇到生词时查一下这些生词,也不用刻意去记,用的多了,这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。 或许你有机会碰上外国人,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪,婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇,句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇,而且不太看重说法,你只要发音准确,准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心,敢于表达自己的思想。 如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象,对它谈你一天的所见所闻,谈你的快乐,你的悲伤等等,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。 二、多“听” 寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时,你应该大胆地去参与,多听听各种各样人的发音,男女老少,节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到,如果这样的机会少的话,你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听,这将会对你帮助很大,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。 三、多“读”。 “读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处,读的内容可以是你的课本,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。 四、多“写” 有的同学总是抱怨时间紧,根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多,不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情,或当天学了某一个词组,你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法,又可以锻炼你的写作能力,比如学“wish”一词时,可写一小段如下:The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.

初中英语重点词汇辨析

1 accept/receive Ⅰ. accept “接受”,表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 ①I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。 ②We have accepted his proposal. 我已接受了他的建议。 Ⅱ. receive “接到、收到、受到”表示其行为与主观意愿无关。如: ①I received a letter from him. 我收到了他的来信。 ②He received the present, but he did not accept. 他收到了礼物,但没有接受下来。 ③He received a good education.他受到了良好的教育。 [注] 在表示接待、接见时,通常用receive, 而不用accept. 如:We often receive foreign guests. 我们经常接待外宾。 2 before long/ long before Ⅰ. before long. “不久”,“不久以后” Ⅱ. long before “很早以前”,“好久以前”如: ①I hope to see you again before long. 我希望不久以后再见到你。 ②We finished our work long before.我们早就把工作做完了 3 care (about) / take care of/ care for Ⅰ.take care of“照料=look after,即指喂饭照看等。如: ①Nurses take care of patients in hospital. [注]:它还可表所负的责任,如: ①Mr Savage takes care of marketing and publicity. 萨维奇先生负责销售和宣传。 Ⅱ.care about表你是否认为某件事是重要的,某件事是否引起了你的兴趣或使你忧虑,常用于疑问句或否定句中,后接从句时,about一般都要省略。如: I don’t care whether it rains, I’m happy. 我才不在乎下不下雨呢,我快活着呢。 Ⅲ.care for 有以下几种意思 1)“照料”(特别是多用在正式的或较文的文体中)如: She spent the best years of her life caring for her sick father. 她把一生中最好的岁月都用来照料她那有病的父亲了。 2)“关怀”“关心”如:care for the younger generation 关怀年轻的一代 3)“喜欢、愿意”(多用在疑问句或否定句中)[care for sb. to do sth.] 如: ①Would you care for a cup of tea? 你喜欢喝一杯茶吗? ②I don’t/shouldn’t care for him to read this letter. 我不愿让他看这封信 4 cost/ spend/ pay/ take Ⅰ.cost 指某东西“值……钱”;“需要花费……钱/ 精力”等,它的主语一般为表示东西的名词,不能为表示人的名词,作及物动词和名词。可接双宾语,无被动语态。如: ①I’ll bet that dress cost a thousand dollars.我敢说那件衣服得花1000美元。 ②The chair cost me thirty yuan.这把椅子花了我30元。 ③The building of the dam cost many lives. 修建这个水坝使许多人丧生。(使花(某种代价); 使损失) ④Bad driving may cost you your life.开车技术不行可能使你丢掉性命。 ⑤作名词时意为“花费;成本”→The cost of the house was too high for me.这房子的价钱太 高,我买不起。 [常用搭配]: ①at all costs 不惜一切代价,—→The officer told the soldiers that they must defend the town at all costs.军官对士兵们说要不惜一切代价保卫这座城市。 ②at the cost of 以……为代价。 →1). He finished the work at the cost of his health. 他完成了这项工作,但失去了健康。 →2). She saved him from fire, but at the cost of her own life. 她从火中把他救出,但她自己却牺牲了。 ③cost of living 生活费用。 —→As the cost of living goes up my standard of living goes down. 生活费用越上涨,我的生活水准越降低。

初中英语常用词语辨析-模板

初中英语常用词语辨析 摘要:英语许多常用词是词性多、词义多、组成的固定词组也多。对词语清晰明确的掌握,直接关系到语言学习的效果,有个正确明了的辨析是非常重要的。本文从初中英语课本中总结了一些常用词语的辨析。 关键词:英语;词语;异同;辨析 中国分类号:G427 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1992-7711(20XX)05-037-01 培养学生的创新能力和时间能力,让学生学会知识、学会学习、学会实践、学会创新已成为课堂教育亟待解决的全新课题。为了让学生更快地适应当前的教育改革,在牢固掌握基础知识和基本技能的同时,能够更加熟练地运用所学知识自己解决问题,对关键词清晰明确的掌握是显得更为重要了。 对词语清晰明确的掌握,直接关系到语言学习的效果,而这又往往是许多初中生的一大难题。在词形、字义相近的几个词语之间彷徨不定、徘徊不前,经常会出现屡用屡错、屡错屡用的现象。而教科书的解释往往分散而又缺乏系统性,不利于综合比较、系统掌握。 我在几年的初中教学中积累了一些词语辨析方面的心得,可以与大家分享。 一、a bit 和 a litter bit 和litter都可作名词,意思是“一些、少量”。bit 的复数bits,意思是“碎片、剩余的食物”,而litter没有复数。 a bit和a litter都有“一点儿,一些”的意思,在修饰动词、形容词、副词及比较级时,可以互换。 在修饰名词时,一般要用短语a bit of或直接用 a litter。 但在强调“……中有一点儿……”时,可用 a litter of来修饰。 二、 evening和night evening和night 都有“晚上”的意思。 ev ening “傍晚、晚上”,指从日落到就寝这段时间。 night “夜、夜间、黑夜”,是指从日落到日出这段时间。 at night “在夜里、天黑时”。指一天的部分时间(下午六时至午夜) in the night “在夜间”,指从天黑到天明这一段时间。 三、 family、house和home family、house和home 这三个词都有“家”的意思。但实际含义不同。

中考英语重点词组短语

最新中考英语短语总结(314) 短语总结 1. It’s time for sth. 该到做某事的时间了. It’s time to do sth.(It’s time for sb. to do sth) 该到(某人)做某事的时间了. 2. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要求做某事. 3. ask (tell)sb. (not )to do sth . 请(告诉)某人(不)做某事. 4. make/let sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事. 5. hear/see/sb. do sth 听见/看见某人做某事. 6. had better(not )do sth 最好不做某事. 7. It’s better to do sth最好做某事 8. It’s best to do sth最好做某事 9. enjoy 喜欢做某事 10. finish 结束做某事 11. keep 继续做某事 12. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 13. carry on 继续做某事 14. go on 继续做某事 15. feel like 喜欢做某事 16. stop to do sth 与stop doing sth 停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事. 17. forget/remember to do 与forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得去做某事(与) 忘记/记得曾经做过事. 18. keep(precent,stop)sb. from doing sth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事

19. prefer….to ……喜欢…..胜过…… 20. prefer to do sth. rather than do ath.宁愿做某事,而不原做某事. 21. used to do sth.过去常常做某事. 22. What’s wong with……? …..出了问题(事)? 23. have nothing to do with….. 与…..无关 24. be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事 25. too…..to….. 太……以致知于不…… 26. so ……that ….. 如此….. 以致知于不…… 27. such…..that…… 如此….. 以致知于不…… 28. It take sb. some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间. 29. spend …..on sth.(doing sth.)花钱/时间做某事. 30. pay…..for sth.花费(钱)买某物. 31. What /how about……? …….怎么样(好吗)? 32. would like to do sth .想要/愿意做某事.. 33. I don’t think that我认为……不….. 34. Why not do sth.? Why don’t y ou do sth .?为什么不做某事呢? 35. What do you mean by….?你….是什么意思? 36. What do you think of …..(How do you like ….)你认为….怎么样? 37. Mike enjoys collecting stamps . So do I.迈克喜欢集邮.我也也喜欢. 38. The more, the better . 越多越剧好. 39. Thanks for doing sth.谢谢你做了某事. 40. It i s said that….. 据说……

新初中英语词汇辨析的知识点总复习附答案

一、选择题 1.He wrote his phone number ________ a piece paper. A.on B.for C.in D.from 2.We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A.in B.to C.on D.for 3.一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A.on B.in C.over D.from 4.Many people think Erquan rngyue is too sad, _____________ it's my favorite. A.and B.so C.or D.but 5.In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A.exactly B.badly C.heavily D.widely 6.I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A.However B.And C.Besides D.But 7.— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A.good B.patient C.free D.happy 8.My sister Nancy often gets lost because of her bad _____ of direction. A.sense B.feeling C.experience D.information 9.Her only problem, ________ you can call it a problem, is that she expects to be successful all the time. A.if B.because C.though D.since 10.We should learn_______ each other. A.to B.from C.for D.of 11.More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountain of gold and silver. A.central B.harmful C.valuable D.careful 12.Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A.or B.and C.but D.so 13.We 'll have a trip to America ______ February. A.of B.at C.on D.in 14.—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A.big B.small C.short 15.—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A.All B.None C.Anybody D.Everybody

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