电子信息类专业英语李白萍 翻译 Unite5 passageA

u5
passage A
CD and CD-ROM
CD和CD-ROM

1
a compact disc(CD) is a laser-read (also termed "optically read") data storage device on which audio,video,or textual material can be stored. although ithas been used primarily to record stereophonic sound and has supplanted the long-playing PHONOGRAPH record as the principal medium for music storage of massive amounts of many types of information .

一个光盘（CD）是在其上的音频，视频或文本材料可被存储在激光读取（也称为“光学读取”）数据存储设备。虽然它被主要用来记录立体声声音，并已经取代了留声机成为了主要的音乐存储媒体，但他作为能粗春大量 多种信息的媒体仍具有巨大的潜力。

2 unlike the conventional photograph record, the CD stores information in digital form. stereophonic (two-channel) sound signals are digitally sampled at a rate of 44,100times per second per channel. each sample is expressed as a binary number value consisting of 16 binary digits,or bits. the sample digital values, along with error correction data, tracking codes ,and cueing data, are recorded on a digital tape, which is used to make compression-molded plastic disc 12 cm(4.72 in) in diameter,each coverd by a thin ,reflective metallic layer and protected by a clear plastic coating. during playback, a low-powered laser beam reads the digital data through the reflective rear surface of the disk.

不像传统的照片记录，光盘以数字形式存储的信息。立体声（双声道）声音信号进行数字采样，以每秒44,100次每信道的速率。每个样本被表示为二进制数的值由16个二进制数位，或比特。样本的数字值，以及误差校正数据，跟踪代码和线索化数据，记录在数字磁带上，它是用来使压缩成形的塑料盘12厘米（4.72英寸）的直径，各由一个薄盖起来，反射性金属层和一个透明的塑料涂层保护。在播放过程中，低功率激光束通过盘的反射后表面读取的数字数据

3 the CD improves over conventional records and tape recording with its more uniform and accurate frequency response, a complete absence of background noise, a wider dynamic range ( the difference between the softest and loudest recordable musical sounds ),and longer wear-since nothing mechanical touches the surface of the disc when it is played.

光盘改善了传统的记录和录音，其更均匀，精确的频率响应，完全没有背景噪音，更宽的动态范围（之间的最小声音和最大可录制音乐声音的区别），和更长的磨损，因为没有机械接触当它被播放的光盘的表面上。


4 introduced in 1992 ,the Sony Mini-Disc measures only 6.35 cm(2.5 inch) in diameter, but it can be used to record as well as play up to 74 minutes of music .its small size is made possible by a system of data reduction that uses psycho-acoustic principles to eliminate data that is not normally herds

by the listener-there by reducing the data density to one-fifth that required for conventional CDs.Mini-Discs can be used only with their own recorder-player.

引进于1992年，索尼迷你光碟措施仅6.35厘米（2??.5英寸）的直径，但它可以被用来记录以及播放长达74分钟的音乐。它的小尺寸使得可以通过数据压缩的系统，它利用心理声学原理来消除数据是不正常的牛群被监听器有通过降低数据密度的五分之一，需要对传统的CDs.Mini，光盘只能用于自己的录放机。


5 a second important application of CD technology is the CD-ROM(Compact Disc Read Only Memory),a text/graphics/sound storage medium that is accessed through the CD-ROM drive in a computer . A CD-ROM can store in excess of 500 megabytes (millions of bytes ) of data - as compared with a computer's hard disk, whose maximum storage capacity is about 200 megabytes. (The American Encyclopedia was the first encyclopedia to be made available as a CD-ROM, in 1986).New data compression techniques, which can filter out massive quantities of unneeded data, have expanded CD-ROM capacities to include sound and image as well as text storage; in 1993 the first movie A Hard Day's Night was recored on a CD-ROM

CD技术的第二个重要的应用是CD-ROM（光盘只读存储器），文本/图形/声音存储是通过在一台电脑的CD-ROM驱动器访问的媒体。和一个电脑的硬盘进行比较，一个只读存储器能超过500兆字节的数据（百万字节）存储 它的最大存储容量大约为200兆字节。（美国百科全书是要提供一个CD-ROM，在1986年的第一个百科全书）。新的数据压缩技术，它可以过滤掉大量的数量不需要的数据，已扩大到包括声音和图像，以及CD-ROM的容量作为文本存储，在1993年的第一部电影艰难的一天一夜是一个条记录的CD-ROM上。

6 the interactive compact disc,or cd-1,is essentially a CD-ROM that can be accessed via a CD-1 player attached to a television set, with an on-screen cursor and a handheld control pad the user can choose hia or her own path through a game, an art history tour, or a "How To" tutorial that includes CD-quality sound and thousands of full-color images as well as text. Among the variation of the CD-1 is the Photo CD, which records still photos digitally ,for display on a TV screen. Improved data compression techniques for video will eventually allow movie storage on CD-1s, with a quality comparable to today's laser-recorded videodiscs.

交互式光盘或CD-1，基本上是可以通过CD-1播放机连接到电视机，与屏幕上的光标移动和手持式控制面板，用户可以选择海拉尔或她访问的光盘通过游戏，艺术历史之旅，或“如何做”的教程，包括CD质量的声音和数以千计的全彩色图像和文本自己的路。其中CD-1的变化就是照片的CD，其中记录静态照片的数字，以显示在电视屏

幕上。改进的数据压缩技术的视频最终将允许电影存储在CD-1S，拥有媲美当今的激光记录视盘。


U4
A
introduction to microelectronics


1 the exploring of the space and the development of earth satellites has increased the importance of reducing the size and weight of electronic circuits. Also ,event though eletricity flows quite rapidly in computer thetime delay of the signal in the interconnections between electronic components is an important consideration. if the interconnections are reduce in size, a computer can perform operations at a faster speed.

对空间和地球卫星的发展的探索已经增加减少电子电路的尺寸和重量的重要性。另外，即使政治部流动较快的计算机的信号的电子元件之间的互连的时间延迟是一个重要的考虑因素。如果互连减小尺寸，计算机可以以更快的速度进行操作。



2 microelectronics involves the miniaturization of regular electronic circuits . A complete electronic circuit ,an operational amplifier for example ,which contains larger numbers of individual interconnected components , such as diodes resistors, transistors,etc. may be formed on a very small single substrate. the complete miniaturized circuit is then called an integrated circuit

微电子涉及的正规的电子电路的小型化。一个完整的电子电路，运算放大器，例如，它含有较大的个体互连的元件，如二极管电阻器，晶体管等的数字可以形成在一个非常小的单个基底上。完整的小型化的电路，然后调用一个集成电路


3