新人教版高中英语必修二Unit-2词汇表

新人教版高中英语必修二Unit 2词汇表（含教材例句及用法讲解）

本词汇表主要特色：

1.呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。

2.词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。

3.精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。

4.展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。

5.适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。

Book 2 Unit 2

1.poster /'p??st?/ n. 海报

What message do these posters share?

这些海报传达了什么信息？（P14）

Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise a sporting event. 现在请你制作一张海报，为体育赛事做广告。

There is a poster about the art festival. 有一张关于艺术节的海报。

2.illegal /??li:gl/ adj. 不合法的；非法的

Stop illegal hunting immediately. 立即停止非法狩猎。（P14）

Now it is illegal to drive when you are drunk. 现在醉酒开车是违法的。

It's illegal to read people's private letters without permission.

未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。

For a teacher to hit a child is not just morally wrong but also illegal.

对一个老师来说，打孩子不仅是不道德的，而且是违法的。

【拓展】

legal /'li:ɡl/ adj. 法律的；依照法律的；合法的

He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.

他为那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。

Everyone must earn money in the legal way. 每个人必须用合法的方式挣钱。

Gambling is legal in some countries. 在某些国家赌钱是合法的。

3.illegally /??li:gli/ adv. 不合法地；非法地

These large animals are being killed illegally for their body parts that are considered valuable. 这些大型动物正因其被认为有价值的身体部位而被非法杀害。（P17）

Drivers who park their cars illegally should be punished. 非法停车的司机应当予以惩处。【拓展】

legally /?li:gli/ adv. 法律上；合法地

The school is legally responsible for your child's safety.

学校对你的孩子负有法律上的安全责任。

If you find a job, make sure you are employed legally. 找工作时，确保你是合法雇用的。

【注意】

以字母l开头的形容词或副词，其反义词加前缀il-。

4.hunt /h?nt/ vt. &vi. 打猎；搜寻；追捕

Who is hunting the kangaroos? 谁在猎杀袋鼠？（P18）

Where are they being hunted? 他们在哪里被捕杀？（P18）

As a child I learned to hunt and fish. 从小我就学会了打猎和捕鱼。

Whales are still being hunted and killed in the Arctic.北冰洋的鲸类仍然遭到猎杀。

hunt for sth 搜寻；寻找

She is still hunting for a new job.她还在找新工作。

【拓展】

hunting /?h?nt??/ n. 打猎; 搜索；追寻

Too much hunting happened in the 1950s过度捕猎发生在二十世纪五十年代。

Tiger hunting is illegal. 捕猎老虎是非法。

go hunting去打猎

5.hunter /?h?nt?(r)/ n. 猎人

Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.

有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。

The hunter tracked this wolf and killed it. 猎人跟踪这只狼，并杀死了它。

job-hunters 求职者

treasure hunters 寻宝人

6.immediately / ??mi?di?tli / adv. 立刻，马上（= at once/ right away）They wish to begin immediately after dinner 他们希望饭后马上就开始。

He answered the phone immediately.他马上接起电话。

I'll go and pick her up immediately /right away/at once.我马上去接她。

【拓展】

immediate /??mi?di?t/ adj. 立即的；立刻的

an immediate reaction/response 即时的反应/ 回应

What we require is immediate action. 我们需要立刻采取行动。

The announcement led to an immediate storm of protest.

公告一发布就引发了一场强烈的抗议。

People demanded an immediate explanation from the Education Department.

人们要求教育部立刻作出解释。

7.species /'spi:?i:z/ n. 物种；种类（单复数同形）

Pandas are an endangered species. 熊猫是濒危物种。

The disappearance of many species of plants and animals worried many scientists.

许多动植物物种的消失令许多科学家担心。

There are several thousand species of trees here. 这里有几千种树。

8.shark /?ɑ:k/ n. 鲨鱼

Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain.很多人认为鲨鱼不可能濒危，因为它们是食物链中最强大的。

But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year.

但实际上，每年大约七千万的鲨鱼被捕捉并在这个行业交易。

9.fin / f?n / n. （鱼的）鳍

Say No to Shark fin soup. 对鱼翅汤说不。（P14）

They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins.

他们甚至要求政府完善法律来阻止鲨鱼鳍的销售。

So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. (P99)

到目前为止，没有科学研究表明鲨鱼鳍对健康有益。

10.on earth（放在疑问词之后表示强调）究竟；到底

What on Earth Are We Doing to Our Planet? 我们到底在对我们的星球做什么？（P14）Why on earth would he want to go to such a place? 他到底为什么想去那么个地方？

How on earth did that happen? 那件事到底怎么发生的？

11.die out

①（物种等）灭绝; 灭亡

Our planet's wildlife is dying out at an alarming rate. 我们星球上的野生动物正以惊人的速度灭绝。（P14）

Because the climate is becoming worse, several species have already died out．由于气候恶化，好几个物种已经不复存在。

As a result these endangered animals may even die out．

结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会消亡。

②（风俗、习惯等）逐渐消失

Many old customs have died out. 许多旧的风俗已不复存在。

That style of music died out ten years ago. 那种风格的音乐10年前就消失了。

③（灯，火）熄灭

He tried to blow up a fire. The fire died out, instead. 他试图把火吹旺, 但却熄灭了。12.alarming / ??lɑ?m??/ adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的

The alarming report is being written这份令人震惊的报告正在撰写中。（P18）

An alarming film was shown in this theatre.

这家影院上映了一部令人恐慌的电影。

Be aware of safety and alarming signs . 请注意安全警示标识。

This is a normal part of a market economy and should not be alarming.

这是市场经济的正常组成部分，不应成为一种令人担心的情况。

【拓展】

（1）alarmed /??lɑ?md/ adj.（人感到）惊恐的；害怕的

However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed.

然而，当她第一次看到这个机器人，她感到惊慌。

They were alarmed to find the old lady dead. 他们发现老太太死了，大惊失色。

People began to feel alarmed about the disease. 人们开始对这种疾病感到惊恐起来。（2）alarmingly / ?'lɑ?m??li / adv. 惊人地；让人担忧地

Prices have risen alarmingly. 价格涨得吓人。

The rate of heart disease is alarmingly high. 心脏病发病率高得令人担心.

13.alarm / ?'lɑ?m /

◎vt. 使惊恐；使害怕；使担心

The fire alarmed the whole neighbourhood.

火灾使整个街坊邻里都惊恐起来。

We could not see what had alarmed him.

我们搞不明白是什么使他忧虑不安。

The empty house alarmed him. 空荡荡的房子使他惊慌失措。

◎n. 恐慌；警报；警报器

The doctor said there was no cause for alarm . 医生说不必惊慌。

A car alarm went off in the middle of the night . 半夜里一辆汽车的警报器突然响了起来。

a burglar/fire/smoke alarm 防盗/ 防火/ 烟火警报器

alarm clock闹钟

in alarm 惊恐地

‘What have you done?’ Ellie cried in alarm .“你都干了些什么？”埃利惊恐地喊道。

He turned back in alarm. 他惊慌地转过身。

14.rate / re?t /

◎n. 速度；（比）率

The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate .

雨林正以惊人的速度消失。

The rate/speed of economic growth has slowed down. 经济增长速度放缓了。

a high/low/rising rate of unemployment 高/ 低/ 不断增长的失业率

the crime/divorce rate 犯罪/ 离婚率

a high success/failure rate 很高的成功/ 失败率

exchange/interest rates 汇率/利率

at any rate（强调事情的真实性）无论如何，不管怎样

I may be away on business next week but at any rate I'll be back by Friday.

我下周可能要出差，但无论如何，我最晚星期五回来。

◎vt. 划分等级

The schools were rated according to their exam results.

这些学校是按考试成绩排名次的。

She is rated number two in the world.她排名世界第二。

The film was rated excellent by 90 per cent of children

90%的孩子都表示这部电影很精彩。

We rate him as one of the best 我们认为他是其中佼佼者之一。

a top-rated programme 一级项目

15.rating / ?re?t??/ n. 等级；级别

The president's approval rating had risen. 总统的支持率上升了。

He gave her his highest rating. 他给了她最高的评价。

The show has gone up in the ratings. 这个节目的收视率上升了。

high / low / poor rating高评/低评/差评

16.extinct / ?k?st??kt / adj. 已灭绝的

Between 150 and 200 species are becoming extinct every day.

每天有150到200个物种面临灭绝。（P14）

Do you believe an extinct dinosaur will come back to life?

你相信一只灭绝的恐龙还会复活吗！

All hopes were extinct. 所有希望都破灭了。

an extinct species 已灭绝的物种

17.extinction / ?k?st??k?n/n. (植物、动物、生活方式等的)灭绝，绝种，消亡

This mass extinction is caused by hunting, habitat loss , and pollution. 这些大量灭绝是由狩猎，栖息地丧失和污染引起的。（P14）

In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. 为了使这个物种免于灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。（P18）

The change in climate might be one of the causes for the extinction of dinosaurs.

气候的变化也许是恐龙灭绝的一个原因。

Their language is faced with the threat of extinction. 他们的语言面临消灭的危机。18.mass /m?s /

◎adj. 大量的；广泛的

mass unemployment/production 大批失业/批量生产

Their latest product is aimed at the mass market .

他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。

◎n. 团；块；堆；群；大量

A mass of snow and rocks were falling down the mountain.

一堆积雪和石块从山上滚下来。

The hill appeared as a black mass in the distance.

远远地看去，那座山是黑魆魆一片。

The sky was full of dark masses of clouds.天空中乌云密布。

a mass of = masses of 许多的，大量的

On his desk is a mass of books and papers. 他的书桌上有大堆的书籍和文件。

There were masses of people in the shops yesterday.昨天商店里人如潮涌。

I've got masses of work to do. 我有一大堆的工作要做。

the masses [pl.] 群众；平民百姓

The plan didn't work because it was against the will of the masses.

那个计划违背了群众的意愿，因而行不通。

19.habitat /'h?b?t?t/ n. （动植物的）生活环境；栖息地

The panda's natural habitat is the bamboo forest.大熊猫的天然栖息地是竹林。

If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food, their numbers may decrease．

如果它们的栖息地受到威胁，或者找不到足够的食物，它们的数量可能会减少。

Many species are in danger of extinction because their natural habitat is destroyed.

许多物种由于它们的自然环境破坏了,现在正面临灭绝的危险.

20.aware /??we?(r)/ adj. 知道；发觉；有......意识的

Were you aware that something was wrong?你有没有意识到已经出了问题？

As far as I'm aware , nobody has done anything about it.

据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。

aware of意识到；知道

We must make people aware of the problem and help protect

the endangered wildlife before it's too late! 我们必须让人们意识到这个问题并在为时已晚之前帮助保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。（P14）

be/become aware of 对……知道、明白；意识到……

Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.

吸烟的人都知道吸烟对自身健康的危害。

They suddenly became aware of people looking at them.

他们突然意识到有些人在瞧着他们。

【拓展】

awareness /??we?n?s/ n. 知道；认识；意识

The 1980s brought an awareness of green issues.

20世纪80年代人们开始意识到“绿色问题”。

Our local people's environmental awareness should also be increased.

我认为当地人也要加强环保意识。

It is important that students develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used.

重要的是学生逐渐懂得如何使用互联网。

It is necessary to raise public awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet.

增强公众对健康饮食的重要性的意识是必要的。

21.endanger /?n?de?nd??(r)/ vt.使遭受危险；危害

Smoking can endanger your health. 吸烟危及你的健康。

The mistake seriously endangered the future of the company.

那一个失误就严重地危及了公司的未来。

Power politics will endanger world peace and development.

强权政治会危及世界的和平与发展。

【拓展】

endangered /?n'de?nd??d/ adj. 濒危的；快要绝种的

The Tibetan antelope is not an endangered species now. 藏羚羊现在不是濒危物种。（P17）The panda is one of the world's most endangered species and is found only in China.

大熊猫是目前世界上最濒危的物种之一，并且只在中国生长。

Some species of animals that live there are endangered.生活在那里的动物一些是濒危物种。

22.average

◎n. 平均数；平均水平

The average of 4, 5 and 9 is 6. 4、5、9三个数的平均数是6。

Parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys.

父母为孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为220元。

Temperatures are above/below average for the time of year.

温度高于/ 低于此时的年平均温度。

Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.

大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5公里。

◎adj. 平均的；正常的；普通的

an average rate/cost/price 平均费率/ 成本/ 价格

at an average speed of 100 miles per hour

以平均每小时100英里的速度

The greenhouse effect gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15℃. 温室效应使地表平均温度为15℃。

I was just an average sort of student.我只是一个普通的学生。

on average平均

How many elephants are killed on average every day?

平均每天有多少头大象被杀死？（P14）

On average each report requires three weeks to prepare.

准备一份报告平均需要三个星期。

More than 400 people a year die of this disease on average .

平均每年有400多人死于这种疾病。

23.prince / pr?ns / n. 王子；王孙；亲王

What did Prince William say about China? 威廉王子关于中国说了些什么？（P14）

As soon as the prince saw her, he fell in love with her. 王子一看到她就爱上了她。

【拓展】

princess /pr?n'ses/ n. 公主；王妃

Princess Diana was a commoner before marrying the prince.

在嫁给王子以前，黛安娜王妃是个平民。

From then on, the prince and princess lived happily.

从那时起, 王子与公主就幸福地生活在一起。

24.make progress取得进步

China has made a lot of progress. 中国取得了很大的进步。（P14）

Study well and make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。

Only in this way can you make progress in your English.

只有这样你才能在英语学习上取得进步。

Unless you improve your study habits, you can't make progress in physics.

除非你改进你的学习习惯，否则你不可能在物理上取得进步。

The medical community continues to make progress in fighting against cancer.

医学界在抗癌的斗争中不断取得进步。

25. concern / k?n's?:n /

◎vt. ①（使）担忧；（使）关心

The boy's poor performance at school concerned his parents.

这个男孩在学校很差的表现使他父母很担心。

②涉及；关系到

Don’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you. 别管与自己无关的事。

concern oneself with / in / about sth. 关心某事/ 参与某事

She concerns herself with social welfare. 她从事社会福利工作。

◎n. ①[U] 关心；挂念；担心；忧虑

Thank you for your concern. 谢谢你的关心。

concern about/for/over 对……的关注（关心、担心）

Liu Tao would like to express his concern over the wetland in his hometown. 刘涛想表达他对家乡湿地的关心。（P18）

More TV programs will be produced to raise people’s concern over food safety.

为了唤起人们对食品安全的关注，将制作更多的电视节目。

Now more and more people show much concern for our environment.

现在越来越多的人关心我们的环境。

There is growing concern about the effects of pollution on health.

对于影响健康的污染的关注越来越强烈。

②[C] 关心的事

What are your main concerns as a golf player? 作为一个高尔夫球员，你最关心的是什么？Whether they are interested is the main concern of students when they choose a major? 学生在选择专业时，是否感兴趣是他们最关心的事。

26.concerned /k?n?s?:nd/adj. 担心的；关切的

concerned about对......关切的；为......担忧的

I'm concerned about the African elephants. 我很担心非洲象。（P15）

In recent months, our hearts have been concerned about the situation in Hong Kong.

近几个月来，香港局势牵动着大家的心。

Now people are concerned about cell phone addiction. 现在人们担心手机依赖。

be concerned with…涉及……，与……相关

We could not prove he was concerned with the crime, so we had to release him.

我们无法证明他与此罪行有关, 因此不得不释放了他.

as far as sb is concerned 就……而言

As far as I am concerned, educators should be concerned about the problems that are concerned with the healthy growth of children.

在我看来，教育工作者应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题。

【拓展】

concerning /k?n?s?:n??/ prep．涉及，关于

He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.

他问了几个关于公司未来的问题。

27.living

◎adj. 居住的；活的；在用的

Elephants need large living spaces, 大象需要很大的生存空间，（P15）

living things 生物

the finest living pianist 当代的最杰出的钢琴家

living languages (= those still spoken) 现用语言

As the economy develops, the living conditions of the people have been improved accordingly. 经济发展了，人民的生活水平也随着提高了。

◎n. 生活；生计

He sold newspapers for a living. 他卖报为生计。

The boy has reached an adult age and ought to be earning his own living.

这孩子已经（到了）成年，应该自食其力了。

make /earn a living 谋生

Many young farmers have come to big cities to make a living.

许多年轻的农民来到大城市谋生。

Most people are so busy making a living that they forget to make a life.

大多数人忙于求生,而忘了真正的生活!

28.adapt /?'d?pt/

①vt. 使适应；使适合vi. 适应

I find it very difficult to adapt myself to the climate in the high mountains.

我觉得自己很难适应高山气候。

adapt to适应

Elephants need large living spaces, so it's difficult for them to adapt to the changes. 大象需要很大的生存空间，所以他们很难适应变化。（P15）

The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change. 世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。

The flower can adapt to a variety of soils. 这种花花能适应各种土壤。

②vt. 改编

He is going to adapt his play for television. 他想把他的剧本改编成电视剧。

The film has been adapted from a play of the same title. 电影改编自一部同名戏剧。

【拓展】

（1）adaptation / ??d?p?te??n / n.适应；[书]改写本

Most living creatures are capable of adaptation to the new envi ronment.

大多数生物都能适应新环境。

The play is an adaptation of a short novel. 这出戏是根据一部短篇小说改编的。

（2）adaptable /??d?pt?bl/ adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的

Successful businesses are highly adaptable to economic change.

成功的企业对于经济转变的适应能力很强。

Good teams can work under high pressure, and are adaptable to the environment.

良好的团队能够具有合作精神和抗压性, 并且适应工作环境。

29.measure / ?me??(r)/

◎n. 措施；方法

What measures are being taken to help them? 正在采取什么措施帮助他们？（P15）

New food safety measures are being demanded.

民众要求制定新的食品安全措施。

take measures to do sth 采取措施干某事

We are taking measures to prevent drunk driving in the city.

我们正在采取措施防止该市出现酒后驾车。

Many measures have been taken to save endangered wildlife in China.

在中国，已经采取了许多措施来挽救濒危的野生动物。

◎vt. 测量；度量；估量

Let’s measure the height of the tree.让我们测量这棵树的高度。

◎linking verb 距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为… (不用于进行时)

The tree measures 90 metres high. 这棵树90米高。

The river measures about two metres across. 这条河约2米宽。

In front of our village lies a river measuring about two metres across.

我们村前有一条约2米宽的河。

30.authority / ???θ?r?ti / n. 官方；当权；权威

The authorities are under pressure to build elephant parks and tell people not to buy elephant products.当局正面临压力建造大象公园并告诉人们不要买大象产品。（P15）

We see him as an authority on American literature.我们视他为美国文学方面的权威。

She wanted to be rid of her parents and their authority. 她想摆脱父母及其权威的束缚。31.pressure / ?pre??(r)/

◎n. 压力；挤压；紧张；要求

air/water pressure 空气/ 水的压力

blood pressure血压

The nurse applied pressure to his arm to stop the bleeding.护士压住他的胳膊止血。Anyhow, don't let the pressure get you down. Keep smiling always.

无论如何，不能让压力打倒，而要永远保持微笑。

Don’t put pressure on her to agree. 不要向她施加了压力，迫使她同意。

She was unable to attend because of the pressure of work.由于工作紧张她不能出席。

I couldn't stand the pressure of city life. 我无法承受都市生活的压力。

under pressure在压力下；承受压力

The team can’t perform well under pressure.这个队在压力下表现不好。

Can you work under pressure? 你能在压力下工作吗？

◎vt.施加压力；迫使

Don't pressure me 不要逼我。

He will never pressure you to get married . 他永远不会强迫你结婚。

32.whale / we?l / n. 鲸

Humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. 人类为获取鲸鱼肉、脂肪和油脂而捕杀它们。Whales are now an endangered species and in need of conservation.

鲸鱼已经是濒危物种，需要保护。

33.antelope /??nt?l??p/ n. 羚；羚类动物

Tibetan antelope藏羚羊

34.reserve / r??z??v /

◎n. （动植物）保护区；储藏（量）

Have you ever heard of the Changtang National Nature Reserve? 你听说过羌塘国家级自然保护区吗？（P16）

In order to save them, some countries have created reserves where they can live in peace and safety. 为了拯救他们，一些国家建立了保护区，它们可以在那里宁静安全地生活。（P17）China has set up a number of reserves to protect bamboo areas and , as a result, the number of pandas has increased.中国建立了若干个竹林保护区，因此，大熊猫在数量上有所增长。The Gulf has 65 per cent of the world's oil reserves.海湾地区拥有全世界65％的石油储藏。

in reserve储备；备用

The money was being kept in reserve for their retirement.他们把钱存着以备退休后使用。

◎vt. 预订（座位、席位、房间等）；预留；保留

I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。

I've reserved a room in the name of Jones.我以琼斯的名字预订了一个房间。

These seats are reserved for special guests.这些座位是留给贵宾的。

You had better reserve the money for future use. 你最好保留那笔钱以备将来之需。

【辨析】

35.plain

◎n. 平原

On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. 在我们面前的平原上，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。（P16）

The river wanders over the plain那条河流蜿蜒地流过平原。

◎adj. 简单明了的；直率的；平凡的

In general, a plain carpet makes a room look bigger. 一般来讲，纯色的地毯使房间显得更大。The facts were plain to see .事实显而易见。

plain living简朴的生活

plain food清淡的食物

plain yogurt (= without sugar or fruit) 原味酸奶

in plain English用平白的言语

She has a plain face. 她面相平常。

36.make out看清；听清；分清

I could just make out a figure in the darkness.黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。

I heard the voices, but couldn't make out what they were saying.

我听到有声音，却听不清他们在说些什么。

The poem is so complicated that I cannot make out its meaning.

这首诗太复杂，我理解不了它的意思。

37.herd / h??d / n. 牧群；兽群

Herds of elephants used to live on the plains of Africa and in the forests of Asia. 象群以前生活在非洲平原和亚洲的森林里。（P16）

a herd of 一群......

a herd of cows/deer/elephants 一群牛/ 鹿/ 象

They kept pigs, chickens and a herd of cattle on their farm.

他们在农场里养了猪、鸡和一群牛。

38.observe / ?b?z?:v / vt.

①观察（到）；观测

This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.

这就是为什么我们在这里--观察藏羚羊。（P16）

Our teachers took us on field trips to observe plants and animals.

老师带我们去野游，对动植物进行观察。

He observed stars all one's life.他一生致力于观测星象。

②看到；注意到（=notice）

observe sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（被动形式：Sb be observed doing sth）

observe sb do sth看见某人做了某事（被动形式：Sb be observed to do sth）

The police observed a man entering the bank. 警察注意到一个男人走进银行。

被动句：A man was observed entering the bank.

The police observed a man enter the bank. 警察注意到一个男人走进了银行。

被动句：A man was observed to enter the bank.

③遵守（法律、规则等）（= obey）

Everyone should observe the law/ rules. 任何人必须遵守法律/规则。

④庆祝；庆贺（= celebrate）

Do they observe Christmas? 他们过圣诞节吗？

【拓展】

observation / ??bz??ve??n/ n. [C,U] 观察；观测

The results are based on scientific observations.根据科学观测得来的结果。

In hospital she is under observation all the time. 医院对她24小时观察。

39.beauty /'bju:ti/ n.

①[U] 美；美丽

I’m struck by their beauty. 我被它们的美丽打动了。（P16）

We can enjoy the beauty of nature in the countryside.

在乡下，我们可以享受大自然之美。

Mid-Autumn Festival celebrates the beauty of the full moon, harvest , time with family and friends.中秋节庆祝月圆时刻的美丽，及其与家人朋友在一起的时间。

Zhangjiajie is famous for its outstanding natural beauty.张家界以其超级自然美景而著称。Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施。

Life is not lack of beauty, but lack of the eyes to find beauty.

生活中不是没有美，而是缺少发现美的眼睛。

②[C] 美人；美好的东西

Xishi was known as a great beauty in ancient China. 西施是中国古代出了名的大美女。

That last goal was a beauty!最后进的一球真绝！

【拓展】

（1）beautiful /?bju:t?fl/ adj. 美丽的，美好的

I think she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful.

我觉得她不但长得非常漂亮，而且还有很多优秀品质。

What really makes the book popular are the beautiful designs.

真正让这本书大获成功的是它精美的设计。

（2）beautifully /?bju:t?fli/ adv. 美好地；很好地

It's all working out beautifully.一切进展都很顺利。

This is a beautifully decorated house这是一座装潢典雅的房子。

（3）beautify / ?bju?t?fa? / v. 美化，使更美丽

They worked together to beautify the gardens. 他们一起努力美化这个花园。

Let's plant more trees and flowers to beautify our city.

让我们种更多的花草树木来美化我们的城市。

40.remind / r??ma?nd / vt. 提醒；使想起

I'm sorry, I've forgotten your name. Can you remind me?

对不起，我忘了你的名字。提醒我一下好吗？

remind sb of sb/sth 使某人想起某人/物

I’m also reminded of the danger they are in. 我还想起了它们所处的危险。（P16）

I hope this gift can remind you of our friendship. 我希望这份礼物能使你想起我们的友谊。You remind me of a girl that I once knew. 你使我想起一个我曾经认识的女孩。

remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事

In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 假如我忘记了，请提醒一下我的诺言。

I feel it is necessary for me to remind him of the meeting today.

我觉得我提醒他今天有会是必要的。

remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打电话。

The bus conductor forgot to remind him to get off at that station. 公共汽车售票员忘记提醒他在那一站下车了。

remind sb. that/wh-从句提醒

It reminds us that the best things in life are free—laughter, friends, family, and the beauty of nature and the countryside.

它提醒我们，生活中最美好的东西是免费的——笑声、朋友、家人、自然和乡村之美。Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on this train.

旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。

Can someone remind me what I should do next?请谁告诉我下一步该做什么好不好？

41.fur / f??(r)/n. 毛（皮）；毛皮衣服

They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.

因其珍贵的羊毛，它们正遭受非法猎杀。（P16）

The cat has soft white fur.那只猫的毛又软又白。

a fur coat毛皮大衣

the fur trade毛皮贸易

To protect wild animals, let’s stop wearing fur .

为了保护野生动物，让我们停止穿皮草。

42.sacred / ?se?kr?d/ adj. 神圣的；受尊敬的

To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. 对于扎西来说，这片土地是神圣的，保护野生动植物是一种生活方式。（P16）

A church is a sacred building. 教堂是神圣的建筑物。

In India the cow is considered sacred. 在印度，牛是神圣的动物。

43.shoot / ?u?t / vt. & vi.（shot-shot）

①射杀；射伤；发射

Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. 猎人为了赚钱而射杀羚羊。（P16）

A man was shot in the leg. 一个人被射中腿部。

Don't move, or I'll shoot. 不许动！否则就开枪了。

shoot a gun开枪

shoot at sb./sth. 瞄准某物射去

A hunter is shooting at a bird. 猎人在瞄准一只鸟。

②（使朝某方向）冲，奔，扑，射，飞驰

He missed a great opportunity to shoot at goal.

他错过了射门的大好机会。

shoot off 迅速离去

I had to shoot off at the end of the meeting. 我不得不一散会就跑。

shoot up陡增；猛涨；迅速上升

Ticket prices shot up last year.去年票价猛涨。

Flames were shooting up through the roof.火不断从房顶蹿上来。

③拍摄；摄影

shoot a film拍摄电影

Where was the movie shot?那部电影是在哪儿拍的？

The movie was shot in black and white.那部电影拍成了黑白片。

44.profit / ?pr?f?t /

◎n. 利润；利益；益处

a rise/an increase/a drop/a fall in profits收益的上升/ 增长/ 跌落/ 下降

Profit from exports rose 7.3%. 出口利润增长了7.3%。

We gained a lot of profit from your advice. 我们从你的建议中获益匪浅。

There's no profit in watching TV all day long.整天看电视没什么好处。

make a profit = make profits盈利

The company make a great profit on the deal.公司在这笔生意中获利颇丰。

Agricultural technology companies could not make profits from their products last year.

去年农业技术公司没能从其产品中获利。

Only when a company pay attention to the quality of its products can it make great profits.

只有当一个公司注意自身的产品质量，它才能盈利。

◎v. 获益；得到好处；对…有用(或有益)

Many local people believe the development will profit them.

当地的许多人认为，这项开发将对他们有利。

profit from 从......获益

Farmers have profited from the new law. 新法规使农民受益。

Jenny believed that she would profit from a more relaxed lifestyle.

珍尼相信更轻松的生活方式会对她有好处。

【拓展】

profitable / ?pr?f?t?bl /adj. 有利润的;赢利的;有益的;有好处的

a highly profitable business一家赢利很高的企业

The company was profitable the first year. 公司首年便实现了盈利。

It is usually more profitable to sell direct to the public.向社会大众直销往往获利较高。

She spent a profitable afternoon in the library.

她在图书馆待了一个下午，颇有收获。

45. watch ove r保护；照管；监督

Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. 扎西和其他志愿者昼夜守卫着羚羊，保护它们免受袭击。（P16）

Will you watch over the baby while I'm out? 我外出时你照料这个婴儿好吗？

You go swimming, please. I'll watch over the clothes here.

请你去游泳吧，我来照管这些衣服。

Electronic monitors would watch over the public areas so that there would be littlecrime.

电子监视器将对公共场所进行监视，因此犯罪活动可能很少。

46.day and night日日夜夜，夜以继日

The earth moves day and night.地球昼夜不停地运转。

The patient has been attended on by nurses day and night since the operation.

自从动了手术以来，这个病人一直由护士日夜护理。

The lights went on day and night and it was really a waste.

电灯白天黑夜都亮着，这真是一种浪费。

47.attack /?'t?k/

◎vi. & vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击

What part of the city is being attacked now? 现在城市的哪一部分受到攻击？（P18）

The enemy attacked the town at night．敌人在夜里袭击了这个城市。

An unknown virus has just attacked my computer.一种不知名的病毒攻击了我的电脑。

His words were attacked in the newspaper. 他的言论在报纸上受到了抨击。

◎n. 袭击；攻击；抨击；（疾病的）突然发作

One American was killed and three were wounded in the terrorist attack.

在这起恐怖袭击中，一名美国人遇难，三人受伤。

Bob died of a heart attack, brought on by his lifestyle.

鲍勃死于由他的生活方式引起的心脏病突发。

attack against/on…对……的攻击/抨击

His speech was a powerful attack against/on the enemy. 他的演说是对敌人强有力的抨击。48.effective / ??fekt?v / adj. 有效的；生效的

The measures were effective. 这些措施是有效的。（P16）

The government took effective measures to reduce the price.政府采取了有效措施来降低物价。Scientists are trying to find drugs that are effective against cancer.

科学家正在寻找治疗癌症的有效药物。

The new rules will become effective in the next few days. 新规定将在几天后生效。

【拓展】

（1）effectively / ??fekt?vli/ adv. 有效地; 实际上

This method worked effectively. 这方法很见效。

This effectively means that the government does not agree with the proposals

这实际上就意味着政府不赞同这些提议

（2）effect /??fekt/ n. 影响; 效果力

When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking.

在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我了解的并不多。

have a great/ good/bad/positive / negative effect on

对……产生很大的/好的/坏的/积极的/消极的影响

What parents say or do will have a great effect on their children.

父母所说或所做的一切都会对孩子产生很大的影响。

side effect（药物等起到的）副作用

Headaches are one of the side effects of the drug.头痛是这种药物的副作用之一。

One side effect of modern life is stress. 现代生活的一种副作用就是压力。

come into effect 实施，生效

put sth into effect 实施；实行

take effect 见效；生效；(法律或规则)正在实施

【高考链接】

49.recover /r?'k?v?/

①vi. 痊愈；恢复（健康/常态）

The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. 藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，2015年6月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被剔除。（P16）

With my special care, my mother recovered quickly.在我的精心照料下，我妈妈很快就康复了。The global economy is beginning to recover. 全球经济开始复苏了。

recover from从……中恢复过来

How can Linda recover from her illness in this room when it's so dirty and dusty?

在这么一间落满灰尘的脏屋子里，琳达怎能痊愈呢？

②vt. 恢复(视力,知觉等）；重新获得（某物）；找回

She didn't see anything suddenly but quickly recovered her sight．她突然什么都看不见

了，但很快恢复了视力。

He lost his new bike, but he recovered it in the school．他丢了新自行车，但又在学校找到了。【拓展】

recovery /r??k?v?ri/ n．[U,C] 恢复；痊愈

The economy is showing signs of recovery.经济呈现出复苏的迹象。

make a quick/slow recovery恢复很快／缓慢

make a full recovery完全康复

To our joy, the boy made a quick recovery after the operation. 令我们高兴的是，这个男孩很快从手术中康复了。

50.remove /r?'mu:v/ vt.

①移开；拿开（常和from连用）

He removed his hand from her shoulder.他将手从她的肩膀上拿开。

As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven. 蛋糕一烤好，立即把它从烤箱中取出。

②开除；免除（职务等）（常和from连用）

Three students were removed from the school for cheating in the exam .

三个学生因考试作弊被学校开除。

The elections removed the government from power.这次选举使得政府倒台。

③去除；消除

The news removed any doubts about the company's future.

这个消息消除了一切有关公司未来的疑虑。

Most of her fears had been removed. 她的恐惧基本上消除了。

④脱去（衣服等）；摘下

He removed his jacket. 他脱下了夹克。

She removed her glasses and rubbed her eyes. 她摘下眼镜，揉了揉眼睛。

【高考链接】

51.intend /in'tend/ vi. & vt. 打算；计划；想要

The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. 但是，由于对藏羚羊的威胁尚未消失，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目。（P16）

intend doing/ to do sth.打算做某事

I fully intended to pay for the damage.我确实诚心想赔偿损失。

I don't intend staying long. 我不打算长期逗留。

had intended to do sth.= intended to have done sth. 原本打算做某事

We had intended to see the film last night.= We intended to have seen the film last night.

昨晚我们本打算看那部电影来。

intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事

He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让他儿子经营该公司。

be intended for… 专为……而设计的，专供……使用的

I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.

我细细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。(p6)

The newly-built school is intended for the disabled children. 新建的学校是为残疾儿童而设的。be intended to do sth 目的是干……的

The activity is intended to educate the public to protect the environment.

这一活动旨在教育公众保护环境。

This advertisement is intended to attract the attention of housewives.

这个广告旨在吸引家庭主妇们的注意力。

【拓展】

intention /?n?ten?n/ n. 打算;计划;意图;目的

I simply couldn't figure out his intention. 我简直揣摩不透他的用意。

intention to do sth/ of doing sth 干某事的意图

I came to London with the intention of studying English literature.

我来伦敦是为了学习英国文学。

This program was set up with an intention of providing help to homeless people.

这个计划是为了帮助无家可归的人而设立的。

She has no intention of making an apology to John.她不打算向约翰道歉。

He declared his intention to become the best player in the world.

他表明自己想要成为世界上最好的选手。

52.threat /θret / n. 威胁

But today, they face a serious threat from hunters. 但今天，它们面临着猎人的严重威胁。（P17）Drugs has become a major threat to our society. 毒品已成为对社会的一大威胁。

The threat of nuclear war has not disappeared. 核战争的威胁还没消失。

53.threaten / ?θretn / vt. 威胁；危机

Human activities are threatening animals and plants. 人类活动正在威胁动植物。（P17）

If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food, their numbers may decrease．如果

它们的栖息地受到威胁，或者找不到足够的食物，它们的数量可能会减少。

The terrorists are threatening to blow up the building. 恐怖分子扬言要炸毁大楼。

They threatened to shut down the factory. 他们威胁着要关闭这家工厂。

54.exist / ?ɡ?z?st / vi.

①存在 ;实际上有

However, the attacks on them will continue as long as interest in buying elephant products exists. 然而，只要购买大象产品的兴趣存在，对他们的攻击仍将继续。（P17）

I believe that God exists.我相信上帝存在。

Does life exist on other planets? 其他行星上有生命吗？

He thought that if he couldn't see something, it didn't exist

他认为自己看不见的东西就不存在。

②生存;生活

We cannot exist without air, food and water. 我们离开空气、食物和水就不能生存。

I would have to learn, little by little, to exist alone. 我得慢慢学会独自生活。

exist on 靠......为生

We existed on a diet of rice.我们靠吃大米过活。

They can't exist on the money he's earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。

【拓展】

existence / ?ɡ?z?st?ns / n. 存在；生存

He believes in the existence of God. 他相信上帝存在。

Low-lying countries feel their existence is in danger from rising levels.

海平面上升威胁到了低地国家的生存。

Do not leave me, without you, I do not feel my existence .

不要丢下我，没有你，我感受不到自己的存在。

come into existence开始存在;出现;成立

How did the universe first come into existence? 宇宙最初是怎么形成的？

Corn dogs didn't come into existence till the first half of the20th century.

玉米热狗直到20世纪前半叶才出现。

55.harmony /?hɑ:m?ni/ n. 和谐；融洽

in harmony with 与......和谐相处

Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 只有学会与大自然和谐相处，我们才不会成为野生动植物和地球的威胁。（P16）The writer says that we must change our way of life and learn to live in harmony with nature

in order to save our planet. 作者说我们必须改变我们的生活方式并且为了拯救我们的星球，学会与自然和谐相处。（P17）

We should be in harmony with our environment我们应当同我们的环境协调。

We live together in perfect harmony.十分和睦地一同生活。

social/racial harmony社会/ 种族融洽

【拓展】

（1）harmonious /hɑ??m??ni?s/ adj. 友好和睦的；和谐的

Without a harmonious and stable environment, how can people live in peace and enjoy their work! 没有和谐稳定的环境，怎会有安居乐业的家园！

Building harmonious society is the need of development of human society.

构建和谐社会是人类社会和平发展的需要。

The architecture is harmonious and no building is over five or six floors high.

这里的建筑风格和谐统一，没有哪座楼房高于五六层。

（2）harmoniously /hɑ??m??ni?sli/ adv. 和谐地

We live with the nature harmoniously. 我们与自然和谐共生。

Traditional cultures and international trends exist harmoniously.

传统文化与国际潮流相得益彰。

56.goods /ɡ?dz / n. 商品；货物

We should not buy goods made from endangered animals.

我们不应该买用濒危动物制成的商品。（P17）

Money can be exchanged for goods or services. 钱可以用来换取商品或服务。

Our goods are sold only at this store.我们的货物只在这一家商店经销。

57.creature /'kri:t??/ n. 生物；动物

To achieve harmony between humans and animals, the world must protect these beautiful creatures. 为了实现人与动物的和谐，世界必须保护这些美丽的生物。（P17）

strange creatures from outer space 来自外层空间的怪物

【拓展】

（1）create /kri?e?t/ vt. 创造；创作；产生

The government plans to create more jobs for young people.

政府计划为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。

（2）creative /kri?e?t?v/adj. 创造性的; 创新的

She's very creative─she writes poetry and paints.她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。

creative thinking创造性思维

（3）creatively /kr?'e?t?vl?/ adv. 有创作力地

She solved the problem creatively. 她创造性地解决了那个问题。

（4）creativity/?kri?e??t?v?ti/ n. 创造力；创造性

Traditional classroom teaching limits students’imagination and creativity.

传统的课堂教学限制了学生的想象力和创造力。

58.deer / d??(r) / n. 鹿（单复数同形）

Right now, the deer are being watched over by many volunteers. 现在，许多志愿者正在照看这些鹿。（P18）

Look! There are some deer on the farm.看！农场里有很多鹿。

The hunter shot at a deer with his gun. 猎人举枪向鹿射去。

【注意】

单复数同形的名词：deer, fish, sheep, means, species（种类）等

59.kangaroo / ?k??ɡ??ru? / n. 袋鼠

Who is hunting the kangaroos? 谁在猎杀袋鼠？（P18）

I t's natural to connect Australia with kangaroo.

把澳大利亚与袋鼠联系在一起很自然。