高考英语语法知识点专题复习—虚拟语气

虚拟语气---基础及提高篇

一．虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法：

★在“It is / was +形容词或过去分词+ that从句”结构的主语从句中，表示命令、愿望、建议等，谓语动词为“should +动词原形”，should也可省略。如：

It is necessary that a college student (should) master a foreign language.

It is desired that this rule (should) be brought to the attention of the staff.

★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时，从句中动词用“had +过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中动词用“would / could / might +动词原形”。如：

How I wish I was there with you.

I wish I hadn’t lost the chance.

I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre.

★在would sooner, would rather等后面的宾语从句中动词要用虚拟语气。尚未发生的动作用动词的过去式，已经发生的动作用“had +过去分词”。如：

I would sooner he left on the earlier train.

I’d rather you went tomorrow.

I’d rather you hadn’t done that.

★表示“建议、命令、要求、坚决做”等动词（如suggest, demand, require, request, order, insist等）后的宾语从句中谓语常用“（should +）动词原形”。如：

I suggest you (should) have enough sleep.

I recommend that everyone (should) attend the party.

★虚拟语气还可用在表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语用“should +动词原形”，should也可省略。如：

Our only request is that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.

He made the decision that nothing (should) hold him back.二．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：

★虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法：

★在错综时间虚拟条件句（即主句和从句所指的时间不一致）中，动词的形式需要根据表示的时间来调整。如：

If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.

If it had rained last night, it might be very cold today.

If she were to leave, I would have heard about it.

★含蓄条件句

有时虚拟语气的条件并不是直接通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语（如under, with, without, but for等）或上下文暗示来说明。句中的虚拟语气一般表示过去的情况，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。如：

We could have done better under more favourable conditions

(= if we had been given more favourable conditions).

Without your help (= If you hadn’t helped me), I couldn’t have succeeded.

But for the heavy traffic (= If the traffic had not been so heavy), we would have arrived earlier.

He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.

(= if he had not been so busy).

三．虚拟语气中if的省略：

如果条件从句的谓语中有were, had或should等词，可将if省略，而把这几个词放在句首，其意义与带有if的条件句相同。如：

If I were to do the work, I should do it some other way.

→ Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way.

四．虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的用法：

★在由as if或as though引导的方式状语中，虚拟语气的形式为动词的过去式（be

用were）或“had +过去分词”。如：

She is walking slowly as if she were tired.

★在由lest, for fear that, in case等引导的从句中，虚拟语气的形式为“should +动词原形”。如：

I ran as fast as possible lest I should be too late.

★在由in order that, so that或that引导的目的状语从句中，虚拟语气的形式为“may / might / could +动词原形”。如：

In order that everybody may understand it, write it in simple language.

专项训练：

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. We would rather our daughter _____ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

A. would stay

B. has stayed

C. stayed

D. stay

2. _____ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

A. Did he catch

B. Should he catch

C. Has he caught

D. Had he caught

3. People are recycling many things which they _____ away in the past.

A. had thrown

B. will be throwing

C. were throwing

D. would have thrown

4. If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

A. were

B. had been

C. should be

D. was

5. We _____ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.

A. are

B. were

C. will be

D. would be

6. _____ no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

A. Were there

B. Had there been

C. If there are

D. If there have been

7. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _____ it?

A. had done

B. have done

C. did

D. am doing

8. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ to our help.

A. would have come

B. could come

C. have come

D. had come

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠一、概述本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。二、教学目标分析 1．知识与技能 1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2．过程与方法 1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。

高考英语语法知识点总结

专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告，建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。【注意】若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解【知识要点】语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语有三种语气：＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主语谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词（如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。

高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）

高考英语语法考点

高考语法考点概述一、情态动词的考点常用can/could句式:常用must句式：Shall /Should用法 Will—would--- used to;May/Might; Dare—dared; Need ●情态动词+不定式的完成式：二、形容词、副词的考点 ●有关比较级和more than 用法 ●比较级表最高级---比较级与否定句连用 ●倍数表达法 ●形容词作状语表主语做某动作的原因、结果或伴随状态。 ●特殊形式的“非常”及其他 ●以- ing/-ed 结尾的形容词:加ing表“令人…的”;加ed表”感到…的” ●Rather与quite；common/usual/ ordinary/ normal/ average ; available/accessible; calm/silent/still/quiet ●多个形容词做定语排序：好美小高状其新；彩色国料特别亲。A large black steel board 三、状语从句考点before ;when ;where ;as ;since/now that; whoever. 四、定语从句考点whose;when;where;why;that;which;as 五、名词性从句考点what; that; whoever；doubt 六、非谓语动词with的复合结构；there being/to be 七、虚拟语气if; should; otherwise;but 八、时态和语态before; by；主动表被动九、祈使句的反意问句及回答十、反意问句I think …; must have done 十一、倒装not until;in no case;now/then ;only +状；so/such…that 十二、固定句型--- 一…就；when 表突然这时;before ;since;强调句型十三、代词it; that;those;one; the other; another 十四、主谓一致：定从中等十五、省略---状从中省略；to的省略；及承上省略to 后的动词十六、动词词组及辨析 break; bring;cut;make;pick;keep;hold;catch; put; turn; call; take seat;sit---fit;suit;match----injure;hurt;wound- 十七、一词多义cover, catch ;strike;reach;follow 十八、一词多性eye; head; shoulder;face;chair;picture;sense 十九、介词beyond; under; in ; on ;with; over 二十、交际用语高考语法考点详述一.常用can/could句式: 1.This work is more than I can do.这个工作超出我所能做的。 2.He had run away before I could thank him.我还没来得及他，他已经跑了 3.You cannot be too careful. 你越仔细越好 4.You can’t pay enough attention to your spelling.你越注意你的拼写越好 =You can’t pay too much attention to your spelling. https://www.360docs.net/doc/da6368189.html,e here as quickly as you can.尽可能快点来= Come here as soon as possible. 6. Experiments can be very expensive.实验有时会很贵

英语虚拟语气讲解

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