Incoterms英文对照版
Foreword
By Rajat Gupta，ICC Cbairman
The global economy has given business broader access than ever before to markets all over the world. Goods are sold in more countries，in large quantities, and in greater variety. But as the volume and complexity of global sales increase, so do possibilities for misunderstandings and costly disputes when sale contracts are not adequately drafted.
The Incoterms? rules, the ICC rules on the use of domestic and international trade terms, facilitate the conduct of global trade. Reference to an Icoterms
2010 rule in a sale contract clearly defines the parties' respective obligations and reduces the risk of legal complications.
Since the creation of the Incoterms rules by ICC in 1936, this globally accepted contractual standard has been regularly updated to keep pace with the development of international trade. The Incoterms 2010 rules take account of the continued spread of customs-free zones, the increased use of electronic communications in business transactions, heightened concern about security in the movement of goods and consolidates in transport practices. Incoterms2010 updates and consolidates the 'delivered' rules, reducing the total number of rules from 13 to 11, and offers a simpler and clearer presentation of all the rules. Incoterms 2010 is also the first version of the Incoterms rules to make all references to buyers and sellers gender-neutral.
The broad expertise of ICC's Commission on Commercial Law and Practice, whose membership is drawn from all parts of the world and all trade sectors, ensures that the Incoterms 2010 rules respond to business needs everywhere defines the parties' respective obligations and reduces the risk of legal complications. ICC would like to express its gratitude to the members of the Commission, chaired by Fabio Bortolotti (Italy), to the Drafting Group, which comprised Charles Debattista(Co-Chair, France), Jens Bredow (Germany), Johnny Herre(Sweden), David Lwee(UK), Lauri Railas(Finland), Frank Reynolds(US),and Miroslav Subert(Szech Republic), and to Asko Raty (Finland)
for assistance with the images depicting the 11 rules.
前言
国际商会主席Rajat Gupta
全球经济一体化使得商业通向世界各地市场的途径空前宽广。各种各样的货物被销售到世界各地。然而，随着全球贸易数额的增加和贸易复杂性的加强,因贸易合同起草不恰当而带来的误解和高代价争端也可能随之增加。
国际贸易术语解释通则，国际商会规则在国内和国际贸易用语的使用促进了全球贸易的进行。在贸易合同中引用国际贸易术语解释通则2010可明确界定各方义务并降低法律纠纷产生的风险。
自从1936年国际商会制定出国际贸易术语解释通则之后，此项在全球范围内被采用的合同标准就经常性地更新换代，与国际贸易的发展步调一致。国际贸易术语解释通则2010考虑了免税贸易区的不断增加，电子沟通在商务中的不断增多，以及被更加重视的货物运输中的安全和变化等问题。国际贸易术语解释通则2010更新并加强了交货规则，将规则总量从13条减少到了11条，并且使得所有规则的表述更加简洁明确。国际贸易术语解释通则2010同时也是第一个使得所有在买卖双方中的适用保持中立的第一个国际贸易术语解释版本。
国际商会的商法和实践委员会成员来自世界各地和多个贸易部门，该委员会广泛的专业技能确保了国际贸易术语解释通则2010与各地的商贸需求相适应。
国际商会向 Fabio Bortolotti（意大利）的商法和实践委员会的成员表示谢意，向由 Charles Debattista （副组长，英国），Christoph Martin Radtke （副组长，法国），Jens Bredow （德国），Johnny Herre （瑞典），David Lwee（英国），Lauri Railas （芬兰），Frank Reynold（美国），Miroslav Subert （捷克）组成的起草小组致谢，并且向对 11 条规则的表述给予帮助的Asko Raty （芬兰）致谢。
Under the Incoterms rule Carriage Paid to (CPT), Carriage and Insurance Paid to(CIP), Cost and Freight(CFR) and Cost, Insurance and Freight(CIF), the named place differs from the place of delivery. Under these four Incoterms rules, the named place is the place of destination to which carriage is paid. Indications as to place or destination can helpfully be further specified by stating a precise point in that place or destination in order to avoid doubt or argument.
4. Remember that Incoterms rules do not give you a complete contract of sale
Incoterms rules do say which party to the sale contract has the obligation to make carriage or insurance arrangements, when the seller delivers the goods to the buyer, and which costs each party is responsible for. Incoterms rules, however, say nothing about the price to be paid or the method of its payment. Neither do they deal with the transfer of ownership of the goods, or the consequences of a breach of contract. These matters are normally dealt with through express terms in the contract of sale or in the law governing that contract. The parties should be aware that mandatory local law may override any aspect of the sale contract, including the chosen Incoterms rules.
Main features of the Incoterm?2010 rules
1.Two new Incoterms rules —DAT and DAP—
have replaced the Incoterms 2000 rules DAF,
DES, DEQ and DDU
The number of Incoterms rules has been reduced from 13 to 11. This has been achieved by substituting two rules that may be used irrespective of the agreed mode of transport — DAT, Delivered at Terminal, and DAP, Delivered at Place — for the incoterms 2000 rules DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU. Incoterms 规则下
CPT 运费付至（……指定目的地）
CIP 运费、保险费付至(…指定目的地)
CFR 成本加运费(……指定目的港)
CIF 成本、保险费加运费(指定目的港)
所指地点随交货地不同而不同。在这些Incoterms 规
则下，所指地点为运费付至地。
为了避免疑问和争议，指定地点或目的地可以进一
步阐述为一个精确的地点。
4..谨记 Incoterms 规则并没有给当事人提供一份
完
整的销售合同
Incoterm 规则确有阐述销售合同中当事人的特定义务，当卖方将货物运至买方时，办理运输和保险义务的承担。
然而，Incoterms 并没有任何关于付款价格或付款方式的规定，或是货物所有权的转移，违约的后果等。这些问题通常是通过销售合同的明示条款和适用的
法律条文来解决。当事人需要注意的是，当地强制适用的法律有可能优先于销售合同的内容，包括所选择的 Incoterms 规则。
Incoterms?2010 的主要特征
1.两个新的贸易术语，即 DAT 和 DAP 代替了原来Incoterms2000 的 DAF,DES,DEQ 和 DDU 术语。
贸易术语的数量从原来的 13 个减少到 11 个。Incoterms2010 用两个可以不顾及已议定的运输模式的新术语——DAT，目的地交货和 DAP，指定地交货—
—代替了 Incoterms2000 中的 DAF,DES,SEQ 和 DDU 术语。
The first class includes the seven Incoterms? 2010 rules that can be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and irrespective of whether one or more than one mode of transport is employed. EXW, FCA, CPT, CIP, DAT, DAP and DDP belong to this class. They can be used even when there is no maritime transport at all. It is important to remember, however, that these rules can be used in cases where a ship is used for part of the carriage.
In the second class of Incoterms? 2010 rules, the point of delivery and the place to which the goods are carried to the buyer are both ports, hence the label “sea and inland waterway” rules. FAS, FOB, CFR and CIF belong to this class. Under the last three Incoterms rules, all mention of the ship’s rail as the point of delivery has been omitted in preference for the goods being delivered when they are “on board” the vessel. This more closely reflects modern commercial reality and avoids the rather dated image of the risk swinging to and fro across an imaginary perpendicular line.
3. Rules for domestic and international trade Incoterms rules have traditionally been used in international sale contracts where goods pass across national boarders. In various areas of the world, however, trade blocs, like the European Union, have made border formalities between different countries less significant. Consequently, the subtitle of the Incoterms? 2010 rules formally recognize that they are available for application to both international and domestic sale contracts. As a result, the Incoterms? 2010 rules clearly state in a number of places that the obligation to comply with export/import formalities exists only where applicable.
Two developments have persuaded ICC that a movement in this direction is timely. Firstly, traders commonly use Incoterms rules for purely domestic sale contract. The second reason is the greater willingness in the Unites States to use Incoterm rules in domestic trade rather than the former Uniform Commercial Code shipment and delivery terms.
3D中英文对照表
3D max中英文对照表 一、File〈文件〉 New〈新建〉 Reset〈重置〉 Open〈打开〉 Save〈保存〉 Save As〈保存为〉 Save selected〈保存选择〉 XRef Objects〈外部引用物体〉 XRef Scenes〈外部引用场景〉 Merge〈合并〉 Merge Animation〈合并动画动作〉Replace〈替换〉 Import〈输入〉 Export〈输出〉 Export Selected〈选择输出〉 Archive〈存档〉 Summary Info〈摘要信息〉 File Properties〈文件属性〉 View Image File〈显示图像文件〉History〈历史〉 Exit〈退出〉 二、Edit〈菜单〉 Undo or Redo〈取消/重做〉 Hold and fetch〈保留/引用〉 Delete〈删除〉 Clone〈克隆〉 Select All〈全部选择〉 Select None〈空出选择〉 Select Invert〈反向选择〉 Select By〈参考选择〉 Color〈颜色选择〉 Name〈名字选择〉 Rectangular Region〈矩形选择〉Circular Region〈圆形选择〉 Fabce Region〈连点选择〉 Lasso Region〈套索选择〉 Region:〈区域选择〉 Window〈包含〉 Crossing〈相交〉 Named Selection Sets〈命名选择集〉Object Properties〈物体属性〉 三、Tools〈工具〉 Transform Type-In〈键盘输入变换〉Display Floater〈视窗显示浮动对话框〉Prism〈三棱柱〉 Shapes〈形状〉 Line〈线条〉 Text〈文字〉 Arc〈弧〉 Circle〈圆〉 Donut〈圆环〉 Ellipse〈椭圆〉 Helix〈螺旋线〉 NGon〈多边形〉 Rectangle〈矩形〉 Section〈截面〉 Star〈星型〉 Lights〈灯光〉 Target Spotlight〈目标聚光灯〉 Free Spotlight〈自由聚光灯〉 Target Directional Light〈目标平行光〉Directional Light〈平行光〉 Omni Light〈泛光灯〉 Skylight〈天光〉 Target Point Light〈目标指向点光源〉 Free Point Light〈自由点光源〉 Target Area Light〈指向面光源〉 IES Sky〈IES天光〉 IES Sun〈IES阳光〉 SuNLIGHT System and Daylight〈太阳光及日光系统〉 Patch/Spline Editing〈面片/样条线修改器〉： Edit Patch〈面片修改器〉 Edit Spline〈样条线修改器〉 Cross Section〈截面相交修改器〉 Surface〈表面生成修改器〉 Delete Patch〈删除面片修改器〉 Delete Spline〈删除样条线修改器〉 Lathe〈车床修改器〉 Normalize Spline〈规格化样条线修改器〉 Fillet/Chamfer〈圆切及斜切修改器〉 Trim/Extend〈修剪及延伸修改器〉 Mesh Editing〈表面编辑〉 Cap Holes〈顶端洞口编辑器〉 Delete Mesh〈编辑网格物体编辑器〉 Edit Normals〈编辑法线编辑器〉 Extrude〈挤压编辑器〉 Face Extrude〈面拉伸编辑器〉 Normal〈法线编辑器〉 Optimize〈优化编辑器〉
INCOTERMS2010中文版
? POCIB 百科首页 ? 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则(INCOTERMS 2010) 目录 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》中文版 INCOTERMS 2010 ? (2011年1月第二版) 引言 适用于任何单一运输方式或多种运输方式的术语 EXW (EX works) 工厂交货 FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人
CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至 CIP (Carriage and lnsurance Paid to) 运费、保险费付至 DAT (Delivered At Terminal) 运输终端交货 DAP (Delivered At Place) 目的地交货 DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货 适用于海运和内河水运的术语 FAS (Free Along Side) 船边交货 FOB (Free On Board) 船上交货 CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费 CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险加运费 EXW (EX Works工厂交货) 该术语可适用于任何运输方式，也可适用于多种运输方式。它适合国内贸易，而FCA一般则更适合国际贸易。 “工厂交货”是指当卖方在其所在地或其它指定地点（如工厂、车间或仓库等）将货物交由买方处置时，即完成交货。卖方不需将货物装上任何前来接收货物的运输工具，需要清关时，卖方也无需办理出口清关手续。 特别建议双方在指定交货地范围内尽可能明确具体交货地点，因为在货物到达交货地点之前的所有费用和风险都由卖方承担。买方则需承担自此指定交货地的约定地点（如有的话）收取货物所产生的全部费用和风险。 EXW（工厂交货）术语代表卖方最低义务，使用时需注意以下问题： a) 卖方对买方没有装货的义务，即使实际上卖方也许更方便这样做。如果卖方装货，也是由买方承担相关风险和费用。当卖方更方便装货物时，FCA一般更合适，因为该术语要求卖方承担装货义务，以及与此相关的风险和费用。
3D MAX全部 中英文对照
3D MAX全部中英文对照 Absolute Mode Transform Type-in绝对坐标方式变换输入Absolute/Relative Snap Toggle Mode绝对/相对捕捉开关模式ACIS Options ACIS选项 Activate活动；激活 Activate All Maps激活所有贴图 Activate Grid激活栅格；激活网格 Activate Grid Object激活网格对象；激活网格物体 Activate Home Grid激活主栅格；激活主网格 ActiveShade实时渲染视图；着色；自动着色 ActiveShade(Scanline)着色(扫描线) ActiveShade Floater自动着色面板；交互渲染浮动窗口ActiveShade Viewport自动着色视图 Adaptive适配；自动适配；自适应 Adaptive Cubic立方适配 Adaptive Degradation自动降级 Adaptive Degradation Toggle降级显示开关 Adaptive Linear线性适配 Adaptive Path自适应路径 Adaptive Path Steps适配路径步幅；路径步幅自动适配 Adaptive Perspective Grid Toggle适配透视网格开关 Add as Proxy加为替身 Add Cross Section增加交叉选择 Adopt the File's Unit Scale采用文件单位尺度 Advanced Surface Approx高级表面近似；高级表面精度控制Advanced Surface Approximation高级表面近似；高级表面精度控制Adv. Lighting高级照明 Affect Diffuse Toggle影响漫反射开关 Affect Neighbors影响相邻 Affect Region影响区域 Affect Region Modifier影响区域编辑器；影响区域修改器 Affect Specular Toggle影响镜面反射开关 AI Export输出Adobe Illustrator(＊.AI)文件
INCOTERMS2000-中英文对照(一)
在为期两年的修订过程中，ICC尽其最大努力通过ICC各国家委员会吸取了各行业国际贸易从业者的意见和建议，完成了修订稿的多次修改。令人高兴的是，在Incoterms的这次修订期间，ICC从全世界使用者那里得到的反馈意见超过了以往任何一次。ICC与Incoterms的使用者之间交流的结果产生了Incoterms 2000这个版本，与Incoterms 1990相比看上去变化很小。原因很明显，即Incoterms当前已得到世界承认，所以ICC决定巩固Incoterms在世界范围内得到的承认，并避免为了变化而变化。另一方面，在修订过程中，ICC尽量保证Incoterms 2000中的语言清楚准确地反映出国际贸易实务。新的版本在下面两个方面作出了实质性改变： *在FAS和DEQ术语下，办理清关手续和交纳关税的义务； *在FCA术语下装货和卸货的义务。 2000年国际贸易术语解释通则： Note: EXW, CPT, CIP, DAF, DDU and DDP are commonly used for any mode of transportation. FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, DES, and DEQ are used for sea and inland waterway. E组（发货） -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- EXW 工厂交货（……指定地点） EXW - Ex Works -- Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost from the seller's door. Used for any mode of transportation. F组（主要运费未付） -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FCA 货交承运人（……指定地点） FAS 船边交货（……指定装运港） FOB 船上交货（……指定装运港） FCA - Free Carrier -- Title and risk pass to buyer including transportation and insurance cost when the seller delivers goods cleared for export to the carrier. Seller is obligated to load the goods on the Buyer's collecting vehicle; it is the Buyer's obligation to receive the Seller's arriving vehicle unloaded. FAS - Free Alongside Ship --Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost once delivered alongside ship by the seller. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation. The export clearance obligation rests with the seller. FOB - Free On Board and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost once delivered on board the ship by the seller. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation. C组（主要运费已付） -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CFR 成本加运费（……指定目的港） CIF 成本、保险费加运费付至（……指定目的港） CPT 运费付至（……指定目的港） CIP 运费、保险费付至（……指定目的地）
权威原版 Incoterms 2010简介,来自ICC官方
I NTRODUCTION Taken from “Incoterms? 2010”, available at the ICC Bookstore Main features of the Incoterms? 2010 rules 1. Two new Incoterms rules – DAT and DAP – have replaced the Incoterms 2000 rules DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU The number of Incoterms? rules has been reduced from 13 to 11. This has been achieved by substituting two new rules that may be used irrespective of the agreed mode of transport – DAT, Delivered at Terminal, and DAP, Delivered at Place – for the Incoterms? 2000 rules DAF, DES, DEQ and DDU. Under both new rules, delivery occurs at a named destination: in DAT, at the buyer’s disposal unloaded from the arriving vehicle (as under the former DEQ rule); in DAP, likewise at the buyer’s disposal, but ready for unloading (as under the former DAF, DES and DDU rules). The new rules make the Incoterms? 2000 rules DES and DEQ superfluous. The named terminal in DAT may well be in a port, and DAT can therefore safely be used in cases where the Incoterms? 2000 rule DEQ once was. Likewise, the arriving “vehicle” under DAP may well be a ship and the named place of destination may well be a port: consequently, DAP can safely be used in cases where the Incoterms? 2000 rule DES once was. These new rules, like their predecessors, are “delivered”, with the seller bearing all the costs (other than those related to import clearance, where applicable) and risks involved in bringing the goods to the named place of destination. 2. Classification of the 11 Incoterms? 2010 rules The 11 Incoterms? 2010 rules are presented in two distinct classes: RULES FOR ANY MODE OR MODES OF TRANSPORT EXW EX WORKS FCA FREE CARRIER CPT CARRIAGE PAID TO CIP CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO DAT DELIVERED AT TERMINAL DAP DELIVERED AT PLACE DDP DELIVERED DUTY PAID
3D Max中英文翻译对照表
3DMAX常用中英文翻译对照表3DMAX常用中英文翻译对照表3DMAX常用中英文翻译对照表 一、菜单类 File 文件菜单 New/Reset/Open/Save 新建/恢复/打开/保存 Merge/Replace 合并场景/重置场景 Import/Export 导入/导出 Archive/Properties/Summary Information/View File 压缩当前文件/文件属性/文件参数信息/查看文件 Edit 编辑菜单 Undo/Redo/Hold/Fetch 撤消/重复/暂存盘/调入 Delete/Clone 删除/克隆（复制） Select/All/None/Invert/By 选择/所有/没有/反向的/以…… Region/Window/Crossing 框选/窗口法/穿越法 Edit Named Selections 编辑选择集名称 Tools 工具菜单 Transform Type-Information 变形类型信息 Display Floater 显示浮动窗口 Selection Floater 选择浮动窗口 Mirror/Array/Snapshot/Align 镜向/阵列/多重复制/对齐 Align to View 对齐到视图 Meterial Editor 材质编辑器 Material/Map Brouwser 材质/贴图浏览 Spacing tool 没路径阵列 Group 群组菜单 Open/Close/Ungroup 打开群组/关闭群组/撤消群组 Explode/Attach/Detach 打散群组/加入群组/从群组中分离
《弟子规》中英文对照
弟子规（英文文字版） 第一章：开宗明义章 Chapter Principle And Explaining the Meaning 弟子规，圣人训。首孝悌，次谨信。 泛爱众，而亲仁。有余力，则学文。 弟子规，圣人训。 这套为人子弟的规矩，是根据古代圣人的遗言编成的。 The rules for being a student are instructions given by sages. 首孝悌，次谨信。 首先要孝顺父母，尊敬兄长，其次要言行谨慎而有信用。 Of all rules, the first is respect, for your parents and all of your elders, learn to be careful and trustworthy. 泛爱众，而亲仁。 要博爱众生，并且亲近仁者。 Be friendly and kind to all, draw near to people who are good. 有余力，则学文。 假如以上都能努力去实行，还有更多的能力，就应该研究学问。 Whatever time you have left should be devoted to learning. 第二章：孝 Chapter Two: Filial Piety 父母呼，应勿缓，父母命，行勿懒。 父母教，须敬听，父母责，须顺承。 冬则温，夏则凊，晨则省，昏则定。 出必告，反必面，居有常，业无变。 事虽小，勿擅为，苟擅为，子道亏。 物虽小，勿私藏，苟私藏，亲心伤。 亲所好，力为具，亲所恶，谨为去。 身有伤，贻亲忧，德有伤，贻亲羞。 亲爱我，孝何难，亲憎我，孝方贤。 亲有过，谏使更，怡吾色，柔吾声。 谏不入，悦复谏，号泣随，挞无怨。 亲有疾，药先尝，昼夜侍，不离床。 丧三年，常悲咽，居处变，酒肉绝。 丧尽礼，祭尽诚，事死者，如事生。
弟子规英文版
弟子规英文版 Standards for Being a Good Student and Child 总叙 Outline 弟子规。圣人训。 Standards for Being a Good Student and Child was taught by Chinese saints and sages of the ancient past. 首孝悌。次谨信 First it teaches you how to be dutiful to your parents, and to be respectful and loving to your siblings. then it teaches you how to be cautious with all people, matters, and things in your daily life, and to be a trustworthy person; to believe in the teachings of the ancient saints and sages. 泛爱众。而亲仁。 Furthermore, it teaches you to love all equally, be close to and learn from people of virtue and compassion. 有余力。则学文。 When you have accomplished all the above duties you can further study and learn literature and art to improve the quality of your cultural and spiritual lives. 第一章入则孝 Chapter 1 At Home, Be Dutiful to Your Parents 父母呼。应勿缓。 When your parents call you, answer them right away. 父母命。行勿懒。 When they command you to do something, do it quickly. 父母教。须敬听。 When your parents instruct you, Listen respectfully.
INCOTERMS 2010 贸易术语一览表
INCOTERMS 2010 引言 国际贸易术语是一种将商业惯例反映在货物销售合同中的价格术语，其描述了涉及货物从卖方到买方交付过程中的买卖双方各自承担的主要责任、费用和风险。 如何应用国际贸易术语2010通则 2010 Incoterms 2010 in the income lessen over in the application, users should be explicit: 总结Incoterms 2010在销售合同中的应用，使用者应明确： 1 对其合同的而言，此通则并不是自动适用的，具有任意性。 对于合同各方当事人意欲任何一种2010通则中的国际贸易术语适用其合同的情形，其应当在合同中清楚具体地订明，通过诸如―所用术语，选择于2010通则‖等语句。 2 此通则并不包含一整套的合同条款。 因此，比如，尽管通则中规定当何方当事人承担运费或作保险安排，什么时候卖方将货物交给买方以及各方当事人应承担何种费用，但是通则中并未涉及到有关货物价格和所有权，或者违反合同约定的后果等内容。这些问题通常是通过合同中相关明示条款或者专门管辖合同的法律来解决。同样地，当事人应当清楚当地强制性的法律较包括所选贸易术语在内的合同中的任何规定都具有优先权。 3 选择适当特定的术语。 所选术语需要适合于标的货物，运输方式，而且最重要的是要适合于各方当事人是否有意将更多的责任赋予到卖方或买方，比如安排运输或保险的责任。每种术语的指南中包含一些特别有用的关于何时作出这些选择的信息。然而，包含在指南中的信息并不构成所选术语的一部分。 4 只有各方当事人指定地点或港口，所选术语才形成有效的，而且指定的地点或港口越精确越奏效。 如以下的精确描述就是一个很好的例子： ―FCA (38 Cours Albert 1er, Paris, France) Incoterms 2010‖.（2010通则FCA术语，法国巴黎，38 Cours Albert 1er） 指定地点是交货点，即风险转移给买方的点；但是在C组术语中，指定地点指的是运费已付的地点。为了更好避免疑问和争议，指定地点或目的地可以进一步阐述为一个精确的点。
3D中英文对照
一、File〈文件〉 New〈新建〉 Reset〈重置〉 Open〈打开〉 Save〈保存〉 Save As〈保存为〉 Save selected〈保存选择〉 XRef Objects〈外部引用物体〉 XRef Scenes〈外部引用场景〉 Merge〈合并〉 Merge Animation〈合并动画动作〉Replace〈替换〉 Import〈输入〉 Export〈输出〉 Export Selected〈选择输出〉 Archive〈存档〉 Summary Info〈摘要信息〉 File Properties〈文件属性〉 View Image File〈显示图像文件〉History〈历史〉 Exit〈退出〉 二、Edit〈菜单〉 Undo or Redo〈取消/重做〉 Hold and fetch〈保留/引用〉 Delete〈删除〉 Clone〈克隆〉 Select All〈全部选择〉 Select None〈空出选择〉 Select Invert〈反向选择〉 Select By〈参考选择〉 Color〈颜色选择〉 Name〈名字选择〉 Rectangular Region〈矩形选择〉Circular Region〈圆形选择〉 Fabce Region〈连点选择〉 Lasso Region〈套索选择〉 Region:〈区域选择〉 Window〈包含〉 Crossing〈相交〉 Named Selection Sets〈命名选择集〉Object Properties〈物体属性〉 三、Tools〈工具〉 Transform Type-In〈键盘输入变换〉Display Floater〈视窗显示浮动对话框〉Selection Floater〈选择器浮动对话框〉Light Lister〈灯光列表〉 Mirror〈镜像物体〉 Array〈阵列〉 Align〈对齐〉 Snapshot〈快照〉 Spacing Tool〈间距分布工具〉Normal Align〈法线对齐〉 Align Camera〈相机对齐〉 Align to View〈视窗对齐〉 Place Highlight〈放置高光〉 Isolate Selection〈隔离选择〉Rename Objects〈物体更名〉 四、Group〈群组〉 Group〈群组〉 Ungroup〈撤消群组〉 Open〈开放组〉 Close〈关闭组〉 Attach〈配属〉 Detach〈分离〉 Explode〈分散组〉 3ds max 5.0 中英文对照菜单命令2 五、Views〈查看〉 Undo View Change/Redo View change 〈取消/重做视窗变化〉 Save Active View/Restore Active View 〈保存/还原当前视窗〉 Viewport Configuration〈视窗配置〉Grids〈栅格〉 Show Home Grid〈显示栅格命令〉Activate Home Grid〈活跃原始栅格命令〉 Activate Grid Object〈活跃栅格物体命令〉 Activate Grid to View〈栅格及视窗对齐命令〉 Viewport Background〈视窗背景〉Update Background Image〈更新背景〉Reset Background Transform〈重置背景变换〉 Show Transform Gizmo〈显示变换坐标系〉 Show Ghosting〈显示重橡〉 Show Key Times〈显示时间键〉
弟子规双语版
《弟子规》Standards for Students 《总叙》Preface 弟子规圣人训首孝悌次谨信 These are the rules for being a student handed down to us by ancient sages first of all, be filial to your own parents and respectful to all of your elders; be trustworthy and cautious 泛爱众而亲仁有余力则学文 Be kind and draw near to those who are good. Whatever time you have left should be devoted to learning. 《入则孝》On BeingFilial At Home 父母呼应勿缓父母命行勿懒 父母教须敬听父母责须顺承 When your mother or father is calling, don't be slow to respond. When your parents need to instruct you, you should listen with patient respect. Whatever your parents must scold you, accept it with faithful compliance. 冬则温夏则凊晨则省昏则定 In the winter, make sure they are warm; in the summer, make sure they are cool. In the morning, cheerfully greet them; in the evening, tell them "Good night." 出必告反必面居有常业无变 Tell your parents if you plan to go out; report to them when you get back. settle down in one certain place; don't switch from one job to another
Vray1.50标准中英文翻译手册+3D中英文对照+小窍门
3DMAX英文版第一讲 一、菜单 File(文件）、Edit(编辑）、Tools（工具）、Group(群组）、Views（查看） Create(创建）、Modifiers（修改）、Character(角色）、Animation（动画） Graph Editor（图形编辑）、Rendering(渲染）、Customize(自定义) MAXScript(MAX脚本）、Help（帮助） 注：Character(角色）为V5.0新增菜单 二、工具栏 主工具栏（Main Toolbars):按ALT+6可以进行隐藏/显示，其他工具栏可以选择菜单 Customize\Show UI(自定义\显示用户界面）进行显示在屏幕上。 三、工作视图 1、视图切换可直接按快捷键的有：T--Top（顶视图）、B--Bottom（底视图）、F--Front（前视图）L--Left（左视图）、U--User（用户视图）、P--Perspective（透视图） C--Camara（摄像机视图，只有建立摄像机后才有用） 其他不能按快捷键的操作如下： a.激活视图，按V键，从快捷菜单中进行选择 b.在视图名称处按右键选择Views(查看)命令后面的相应视图 2、视图中的物体显示方式 Wireframe（网格）：以物体颜色显示网格，材质不显示 Smooth+HighLights（实体） 以上两种可以按F3进行切换 Other后面的有 Smooth（光滑）：只进行光滑显示，不会显示高光 Facets+Highlights：显示面状+高光，不进行光滑显示 Facets:只按面状显示 Lit Wireframe：以材质标准方式显示网格，与物体颜色设置无关 Bounding Box：边界盒子，按物体最大体积边界方盒显示，这种方式视图刷新最快 Facets Edges:按网格和实体同时显示，可按F4进行切换 Alt+X--将物体按透明方式显示 3、改变视图大小 将鼠标置于视图窗口交界出拖动即可任意改变视图大小，还原时在窗口边界处按右键，选择Rest Layout （重新恢复布局）命令即可。 单独放大某个视图：按Alt+W键，再次使用还原。 4、隐藏/显示视图网格--按G键 5、视图布局 选择菜单Customize\Viewport Configration(自定义\视图配置）命令，选择Layout（布局）选项 6、视图布局风格 选择菜单Customize\Lode Custom UI Scheme(自定义\装载自定义用户界面方案）命令
英文弟子规(三词韵译)
《英文弟子规（三词韵译）》（节选） 覃 军 译 （湖北民族学院 外国语学院） 【导言】 《弟子规》原名《训蒙文》，为清朝康熙年间秀才李毓秀所作,其内容采用《论语》“学而篇”第六条“弟子，入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛爱众，而亲仁，行有余力，则以学文”的文义，列述弟子在家、外出、接物、待人与学习上应该恪守的守则规范。其中“弟子”的理解可以与时俱进。在家指孩子；在学校指学生；在公司指员工；在单位指下级；在社会，指公民。《弟子规》是集中国传统家训、家规、家教之大成，被誉为人生第一规，是做人之根本。 As one of the most popular primers in China, Guidelines for Children (Dizi Gui ) was written by Li Yuxiu in the Qing Dynasty during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (1661-1722). It is based on the ancient teaching of the Chinese philosopher Confucius that emphasizes the basic requisites for being a good person and guidelines for living in harmony with people. The Chinese version was written in three-character verses for the sake of smooth reading. To keep the original style, the English translation is also written in three-word verses without the loss of content, in order to help the English readers not only understand the text but also capture the essence of Chinese civilization that belongs both to China and to the whole world. 【节选】 弟d ì子z ǐ规gu ī 圣sh èng 人r én 训x ùn
3D MAX 工具栏中文和英文
3D MAX中文和英文对照表 一、File〈文件〉 New〈新建〉 Reset〈重置〉 Open〈打开〉 Save〈保存〉 Save As〈保存为〉 Save selected〈保存选择〉 XRef Objects〈外部引用物体〉XRef Scenes〈外部引用场景〉Merge〈合并〉 Merge Animation〈合并动画动作〉Replace〈替换〉 Import〈输入〉 Export〈输出〉 Export Selected〈选择输出〉Archive〈存档〉 Summary Info〈摘要信息〉 File Properties〈文件属性〉 View Image File〈显示图像文件〉History〈历史〉 Exit〈退出〉 二、Edit〈菜单〉 Undo or Redo〈取消/重做〉 Hold and fetch〈保留/引用〉Delete〈删除〉 Clone〈克隆〉 Select All〈全部选择〉 Select None〈空出选择〉 Select Invert〈反向选择〉 Select By〈参考选择〉 Color〈颜色选择〉 Name〈名字选择〉Rectangular Region〈矩形选择〉Circular Region〈圆形选择〉Fabce Region〈连点选择〉Lasso Region〈套索选择〉Region:〈区域选择〉 Window〈包含〉 Crossing〈相交〉 Named Selection Sets〈命名选择集〉 Object Properties〈物体属性〉 三、Tools〈工具〉 Transform Type-In〈键盘输入变换〉 Display Floater〈视窗显示浮动对话框〉Selection Floater〈选择器浮动对话框〉 Light Lister〈灯光列表〉 Mirror〈镜像物体〉 Array〈阵列〉 Align〈对齐〉 Snapshot〈快照〉 Spacing Tool〈间距分布工具〉 Normal Align〈法线对齐〉 Align Camera〈相机对齐〉 Align to View〈视窗对齐〉 Place Highlight〈放置高光〉 Isolate Selection〈隔离选择〉 Rename Objects〈物体更名〉 四、Group〈群组〉 Group〈群组〉 Ungroup〈撤消群组〉 Open〈开放组〉 Close〈关闭组〉 Attach〈配属〉 Detach〈分离〉 Explode〈分散组〉 五、Views〈查看〉 Undo View Change/Redo View change〈取消/重做视窗变化〉 Save Active View/Restore Active View〈保存/还原当前视窗〉
弟子规教材
总叙 弟子规圣人训首孝弟次谨信泛爱众而亲仁有余力则学文 入则孝 父母呼应勿缓父母命行勿懒父母教须敬听父母责须顺承冬则温夏则凊晨则省昏则定出必告反必面居有常业无变事虽小勿擅为苟擅为子道亏物虽小勿私藏苟私藏亲心伤亲所好力为具亲所恶谨为去身有伤贻亲忧德有伤贻亲羞亲爱我孝何难亲憎我孝方贤亲有过谏使更怡吾色柔吾声谏不入悦复谏号泣随挞无怨亲有疾药先尝昼夜侍不离床丧三年常悲咽居处变酒肉绝丧尽礼祭尽诚事死者如事生 出则悌 兄道友弟道恭兄弟睦孝在中财物轻怨何生言语忍忿自泯或饮食或坐走长者先幼者后长呼人即代叫人不在己即到称尊长勿呼名对尊长勿见能路遇长疾趋揖长无言退恭立骑下马乘下车过犹待百步余长者立幼勿坐长者坐命乃坐尊长前声要低低不闻却非宜近必趋退必迟问起对视勿移事诸父如事父事诸兄如事兄 谨 朝起早夜眠迟老易至惜此时晨必盥兼漱口便溺回辄净手冠必正纽必结袜与履俱紧切置冠服有定位勿乱顿致污秽衣贵洁不贵华上循分下称家对饮食勿拣择食适可勿过则年方少勿饮酒饮酒醉最为丑步从容立端正揖深圆拜恭敬勿践阈勿跛倚勿箕踞勿摇髀缓揭帘勿有声宽转弯勿触棱执虚器如执盈入虚室如有人事勿忙
忙多错勿畏难勿轻略斗闹场绝勿近邪僻事绝勿问将入门问孰存将上堂声必扬人问谁对以名吾与我不分明用人物须明求倘不问即为偷借人物及时还后有急借不难 信 凡出言信为先诈与妄奚可焉话说多不如少惟其是勿佞巧奸巧语秽污词市井气切戒之见未真勿轻言知未的勿轻传事非宜勿轻诺苟轻诺进退错凡道字重且舒勿急疾勿模糊彼说长此说短不关己莫闲管见人善即思齐纵去远以渐跻见人恶即内省有则改无加警唯德学唯才艺不如人当自砺若衣服若饮食不如人勿生戚闻过怒闻誉乐损友来益友却闻誉恐闻过欣直谅士渐相亲无心非名为错有心非名为恶过能改归于无倘掩饰增一辜 泛爱众 凡是人皆须爱天同覆地同载行高者名自高人所重非貌高才大者望自大人所服非言大己有能勿自私人所能勿轻訾勿谄富勿骄贫勿厌故勿喜新人不闲勿事搅人不安勿话扰人有短切莫揭人有私切莫说道人善即是善人知之愈思勉扬人恶既是恶疾之甚祸且作善相劝德皆建过不规道两亏凡取与贵分晓与宜多取宜少将加人先问己己不欲即速已恩欲报怨欲忘报怨短报恩长待婢仆身贵端虽贵端慈而宽势服人心不然理服人方无言 亲仁 同是人类不齐流俗众仁者希果仁者人多畏言不讳色不媚能亲仁无限好德日进过日少不亲仁无限害小人进百事坏
INCOTERMS2010与2000的区别
INCOTERMS2010与2000的区别 2010通则主要是以下方面的区别：1、加入两个新的贸易术语DAT和DAP，取消了4个：DAF、DES、DEQ和DDU；2、所以2010术语分类为11种；3、加入了术语的使用范围，强调也适用与国内贸易；4、加入电子交易的内容；5、保险的险别引入了ICC2009版本；6、加入与反恐有关系的内容；7、加入终端处理费用的归属，以保证不出现真空；8、加入连环贸易（或称销售）条款，对2000通则的不足之处进行补充。 虽然Incoterms2010于2011年1月1日正式生效，但是Incoterms2010实施后并非Incoterms2000就自动作废。因为国际贸易惯例本身不是法律，对国际贸易当事人不产生必然的强制性约束力。当事人在订立贸易合同时仍然可以选择适用Incoterms2000甚至Incoterms1990。 Incoterms2010主要变化： 1，贸易术语的数量由原来的13种变为11种； 2，术语分类的调整：由原来的EFCD四组分为两类：适用于各种运输方式和水运； 3，删除INCOTERMS2000中四个D组贸易术语，即DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)、DAF (Delivered At Frontier)、DES (Delivered Ex Ship)、DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay)，只保留了INCOTERMS2000D组中的DDP（Delivered Duty Paid ）； 4，新增加两种D组贸易术语，即DAT （Delivered At Terminal ）与DAP（Delivered At Place ）；5，E组、F组、C组的贸易术语不变。 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》(International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms 2010, 缩写Incoterms? 2010) 是国际商会根据国际货物贸易的发展，对《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》的修订，2010年9月27日公布，于2011年1月1日实施。 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》删去了《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》4个术语：DAF (Delivered at Frontier)边境交货、DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货、DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay)目的港码头交货、DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)未完税交货，新增了2个术语：DAT（delivered at terminal）在指定目的地或目的港的集散站交货、DAP（delivered at place）在指定目的地交货。即用DAP取代了DAF、DES和DDU 三个术语，DAT取代了DEQ，且扩展至适用于一切运输方式。 DAT（delivered at terminal）目的地或目的港的集散站交货 类似于取代了的DEQ术语，指卖方在指定的目的地或目的港的集散站卸货后将货物交给买方处置即完成交