2022初三英语 阅读理解知识点及练习题含答案

初三英语阅读理解知识点及练习题含答案

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．根据短文内容，判断正误。

I was 15 months old, a happy and carefree kid, until the day I fell. It was a bad fall. I landed on a piece of glass that cut my eye badly. From then on, my injured, sightless, cloudy gray eye lived on with me.

Sometimes people asked me embarrassing （使人难堪的） questions. Whenever kids played games, I was the "monster". I was always imagining that everyone looked down on（瞧不起）me. Yet mum would say to me, "Hold your head up high and face the world." I began to depend on that saying. As a child, I thought mum meant, "Be careful，or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking. "As a teenager, I usually looked down to hide my shame. But I found that when I held my head up high, people liked me.

In high school, I even became the class president, but inside I still felt like a monster. All I really wanted was to look like everyone else. When things got really bad, I would cry to my mum and she would look at me with loving eyes and say," Hold your head up high and face the world. Let them see the beauty that is inside instead of your appearance（外貌） ."

My mum's love was the sunshine that made me bright. I had faced hard times, and learned not only to be confident（自信的） but also to have deep compassion（同情） for others. "Hold your head up high "has been heard many times in my home. I say it to my children. The gift my mum gave me will live on.

（1）The writer imagined that everyone looked down on her because of her appearance. （2）People always asked her embarrassing questions.

（3）The writer's mum said "Hold your head up high" to her to make her more confident. （4）The writer understood the saying very well as a child.

（5）The writer is living with a warm and brave heart now.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】本文讲了作者小时候因眼睛受伤导致外貌变丑而心情低落，在妈妈的帮助之下改变自己并变得自信的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Whenever kids played games, I was the "monster". I was always imagining that everyone looked down on me，可知作者总是想象每个人会因为她的外貌而瞧不起她，故答案为正确。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Sometimes people asked me embarrassing questions，可知有时候人们会问使人难堪的的问题，而always意为总是，故答案为错误。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段My mum's love was the sunshine that made me bright. I had faced hard times, and learned not only to be confident but also to have deep compassion for

others，妈妈的爱是照亮我的阳光，我面对困难，不仅学会了自信而且学会了深切的同情别人，可知妈妈让作者抬头是为了让她更自信，故答案为正确。

（4）细节理解题。根据第二段As a child, I thought mum meant, "Be careful，or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking. "小时候，我认为妈妈的意思是：要小心，否则你会摔倒或者碰到什么东西因为你没有在看路，可知作者小时候不理解这句谚语，故答案为错误。

（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Hold your head up high "has been heard many times in my home.I say it to my children. The gift my mum gave me will live on，“抬起你的头”这句话在我家听到过很多次，我也跟我的孩子们说，我妈妈给我的礼物将会永存，可知作者现在带着一颗温暖并勇敢的心生活，故答案为正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意理解文章大意，根据题目去文章找到对应的信息，进行理解判断。

2．阅读理解

2019 Beijing International Horticultural Expo

Time: April 29~October 7

Theme: Live Green, Live Better.

Many flowers and herbs from both home and abroad are on display at the expo. There are also lots of wildflowers.

Around 110 countries and international organizations take part in the expo.

The expo has 4l outdoor display centers and about 2, 500 activities.

注: International Horticultural Expo世界园艺博览会

（1）How long will the expo last？

A. More than 5 months.

B. More than 6 months.

C. Less than 5 months.

（2）Which of the following about the 2019 Beijing International Horticultural Expo is true?

A. You can't see wildflowers at the expo.

B. There are many flowers and herbs from both China and other countries.

C. About 41 countries and international organizations take part in the expo.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了2019年北京世界园艺博览会的一些信息。

（1）细节理解题。根据原文Time：April 29~October 7，可知时间是4月29日到10月7日，一共有5个多月，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据原文Many flowers and herbs from both home and abroad are on display at the expo来自国内和国外的花卉和草本植物都会展示在博览会中，可知该信息与选项B吻合，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

Tina graduated from college. Several days later, she got a new job. She would work in the biggest company（公司）in her city. Her friends admired her very much.

On her first workday, Tina arrived at 8:45 a. m. She took the lift to the 11th floor（楼层）, and a clerk showed her where her desk was. As a green hand, she didn't know what to do, so she tried to talk to the girls who sat near her in the office. However, they were not friendly to her. After a while, a young boss came in. Tina was surprised that the boss was not the old man who interviewed her several days ago. The boss gave her a lot of reports to write. But when she began to write, she found that she had much trouble understanding the reports. She spent almost the whole day trying to do the work. At5:30pm., it was time to go home. Although most of the reports weren't finished, she got into the lift. On the 10th floor, she was greeted by John, the old man who interviewed her several days ago. "Tina!" He said, "Why didn't you work with us today?" All of a sudden, Tina realized she mistook the 11th floor for the 10th floor. "Oh, my God!" She answered, " " After hearing this, John couldn't help laughing.

（1）The underlined（划线的）words "a green hand" most probably mean .

A. a person without experience

B. a person caring about the environment

C. a person doing well in growing vegetables

（2）Tina was surprised because .

A. she was not allowed to leave the company

B. the young boss wasn't the man who interviewed her

C. the bosses in the two companies refused her in the interviews

（3）Tina spent trying to finish the reports.

A. almost the whole day

B. almost the whole morning

C. almost the whole afternoon

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Tina moved to another city for a new job.

B. The girls sitting near Tina were unfriendly to her.

C. Tina arrived at the company at 5:30 a. m. on her first workday.

（5）" "can be the missing sentence in the passage.

A. I forgot the interview date!

B. I have finished all the reports!

C. I have been in the wrong office all day!

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Tina大学毕业后去最大的公司工作时把11楼当成了10楼，结果工作了一天遇见给自己面试的John才知道自己的错误。

（1）细节题。根据后句she didn't know what to do她不知道做什么，可知她没有工作经验，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据Tina was surprised that the boss was not the old man who interviewed her several days ago.可知Tina惊讶的原因是老板不是前几天给他面试的老板，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据She spent almost the whole day trying to do the work.可知Tina几乎花掉了一整天时间完成报告，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据so she tried to talk to the girls who sat near her in the office. However, they were not friendly to her.可知Tina的新同事对她不友好，故选B。

（5）细节题。根据Tina realized she mistook the 11th floor for the 10th floor.可知Tina把11楼当成了10楼，在错误的办公室里工作了一整天，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读理解

Joe Connor comes from Kinsley and works in an office in Kansas City. His job is a typical nine-to-five, Monday-to-Friday job. So at the weekend, he does something different. He likes traveling but he works as a volunteer too. He helps different people for free. Every weekend, there's a new project.

This weekend, Joe is helping to build a house. You can see him in the photo. He's moving a large blue panel（板子）. It's part of a wall. Joe isn't a professional builder, but that's the interesting thing about this project. The other people are" weekend builders" too. These "weekend builders" are from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago, a tornado（龙卷风） hit their town. After the tornado, the community started a project to build new homes. The project is for 30 new homes. They get some help from a building company and a group of volunteers. Joe says," I heard about the tornado and the new project. I knew some people in Greensburg. I wanted to help." Joe's friends are here this weekend too. They're working with Jill and Scott.

Jill and Scott are both from Pratt, and they are building their" dream house". Jill （on the right） is standing near his new house. He's holding a part of the new wall. They're making the house that can fight against tornadoes ﹣that's why it has an unusual shape.

Their house is almost ready, so next weekend, Joe is moving to a different project. Why does he do? "Though busy, I can help people. I can make friends and that is fun! So, why not?" he says.（1）How long does Joe work every workday？

A. 7 hours.

B. 8 hours.

C. 9 hours.

D. 10 hours.

（2）Which place did the tornado hit？

A. Kindle.

B. Kansas City.

C. Pratt.

D. Greensburg.

（3）Why does Joe choose to work as a volunteer？

A. He can make money to travel.

B. The work brings him pleasure.

C. He always has lots of free time.

D. He is good at building houses.

（4）What is the writer of the text doing？

A. Showing different projects.

B. Introducing a tornado.

C. Talking about a photo.

D. Helping build a house.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍公司职员Joe的个人情况，他喜欢旅游和当志愿者。（1）细节题。由 His job is a typical nine-to-five， Monday-to-Friday job他的工作是典型的周一至周五朝九晚五的工作，可知，他一天工作8个小时，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据These "weekend builders" are from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago，a tornado hit their town这些"周末建筑者"来自堪萨斯州的格林斯堡小镇，一年前，龙卷风袭击他们的城镇，可知是格林斯堡小镇，故选D。

（3）细节题。由 Joe is moving to a different project. Why does he do？"Though busy， I can help people. I can make friends and that is fun! So， why not？" he says. 乔将搬到一个不同的项目，他为什么这么做？"虽然很忙，我可以帮助别人，我可以交朋友，这很有趣！那么，为什么不呢？"他说，可知因为他志愿活动给他带来快乐，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据This weekend，Joe is helping to build a house. You can see him in the photo这个周末，乔正在帮忙盖房子，你可以在这张照片上看到他，可知作者正在介绍照片，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

5．阅读理解

Please Take my Children to Work Day（PTCW Day） first began as a holiday for hard-working and tired stay-at-home mothers to take a day off. Now, this day is fit for any parent. It was created in 2003 and is celebrated each year on June 25, but it isn't a public holiday. It encourages friends and family to take care of the children so that the stay-at-home parent can have some time to relax.

Kamehameha Day is held on June 11 each year. Kamehameha the Great was the monarch（君主） of Hawaii. He is famous and respected for establishing（建立） the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1810.Kamehameha Day is a public holiday in Hawaii, and this is a day off for people School and most businesses are closed.

D-Day is celebrated in the U.S. to memorize the Normandy landings in France on June 6, 1944. On the day, American army and other Allied forces（盟军） fought hard and the World War Ⅱ

（WWⅡ） in Europe was over soon. It is not a public holiday. Businesses have normal opening hours.

Flag Day is celebrated on June 14 each year to honor the United States flag. On the same day, the United States Army celebrates its birthday. Although Flag Day is a great celebration across the country, it is not a public holiday.

（1）If you are a stay﹣at﹣home parent, what can you do to relax on PTCW Day？

A. Take a day off.

B. Go to work earlier.

C. Look after children.

D. Do some housework.（2）Which is a public holiday？

A. PTCW Day.

B. Kamehameha Day.

C. D﹣Day.

D. Flag Day.（3）When is the United States Amy's birthday？

A. On June 6.

B. On June 11.

C. On June 14.

D. On June 25.

（4）What can we know about D﹣Day？

A. It is celebrated in France.

B. The WWⅡ ended before 1944.

C. Businesses are closed for it.

D. The Normandy landings happened in 1944.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文分别讲述了Work Day, Kamehameha Day, D﹣Day和Flag Day 等节日时间，以及它们的意义。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一句Please Take my Children to Work Day（PTCW Day）first began as a holiday for hard﹣working and tired stay-at-home mothers to take a day off. "带孩子工作日"（PTCW日）最初是作为一个在家里劳累的妈妈们休息一天的节日。可知，这一天妈妈们可以休息一天，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Kamehameha Day is held on June 11 each year. Kamehameha Day is a public holiday in Hawaii，and this is a day off for people School.卡美哈美哈日每年6月11日举行。卡美哈美哈日是夏威夷的公共假日，这是人民学校的休息日。可知，卡美哈美哈日是个公共假期，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Flag Day is celebrated on June 14 each year to honor the United States flag On the same day，the United States Army celebrates its birthday，国旗日是每年6月14日庆祝美国国旗的同一天，美国陆军庆祝其生日，可知，美国陆军是6月14日，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据第三段D-Day is celebrated in the U. S. to memorize the Normandy landings in France on June 6，1944.1944年6月6日，在美国庆祝诺曼底登陆日，纪念诺曼底登陆法国。可知，诺曼底登陆是在1944年，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

When faced with difficult situations in their lives, many people find them too challenging and give up, especially on their life dreams. But not for Gabriel Heredia.

Gabrrel is a 21-year-old Argentinean barber（阿根廷理发师）who was born without hands. But he was able to grow up happy and independent because he always had the support of friends and family. In fact, his inspiration for such work was his mother, who is a hairdresser. At the age of 14, he began to take interest in her work and learned all kinds of hair cutting skills from her. Although he first saw it as an interest, Gabriel quickly decided that this was his dream job.

Gabriel's family soon helped him open his first barbershop in San Isidro, Peru, which he worked at for one and a half years. There, he met Zlatan Gomez, the president of Argentina Corta, an organization for barbers to connect, do charity （慈善）work, and teach hairdressing. Later, Gabriel became part of Argentina Corta, offering his services to people of all ages so they can build up the skills they need to get a job.

Gabriel then moved to Buenos Aires, Argentina where he cuts hair today. As a bright and caring young man, Gabriel tries hard to not only be a barber, but also make a connection with the neighborhood. He says, "The thing that I like the most about my job is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me feel happy."

Gabriel always does his best to be independent. He never gives up. There is nothing he can't do. Besides cutting hair, he has learned to ride a bike, a motorbike and even to drive a car. He is no doubt inspiring others.

（1）When Gabriel was born, what made him different from others?

A. He was born without hands.

B. His special haircut.

C. His life dream.

D. His happiness and independence.

（2）At first, Gabriel Heredia learned hair cutting skills ________________.

A. from Zlatan Gomez

B. from his mother

C. from his friends

D. by himself

（3）Which of the following statements about Gabriel Heredia is NOT true?

A. He tries hard to make a connection with the neighborhood.

B. He can not only cut hair but also drive a car.

C. He joined Argentina Corta and taught others hair cutting skills in San Isidro.

D. He opened his first barbershop in Buenos Aires with the help of his family.

（4）What does Gabriel's story mainly tell us?

A. A good beginning makes a good ending.

B. You're never too old to learn.

C. Nothing is impossible if you don't give up.

D. Education changes life.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔·赫雷迪亚没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。

（1）细节理解题，根据who was born without hands.可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题，根据In fact, his inspiration for such work was his mother, who is a hairdresser. At the age of 14, he began to take interest in her work and learned all kinds of hair cutting skills from her.可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。

（3）正误判断题题，根据Gabriel's family soon helped him open his first barbershop in San Isidro, Peru, which he worked at for one and a half years.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以D的叙述错误，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。

7．阅读理解

Long long ago, there was a small village in the mountains, and many people lived there. Mike was one of them. He was a middle-aged man. The people in the village always laughed at him. They liked to show visitors how stupid Mike was. They thought this was an amusing thing to do. One day, a visitor came to the village. "Watch this!" a villager said and called to Mike." Come and play a game, Mike." he shouted. Mike walked slowly towards him, with a silly smile on his face. "Look, Mike, "the villager said, "I have got something for you." He showed Mike a $1 coin and a much larger 50￠（美分）coin." Which one would you like？" he asked Mike, holding them both out. Mike immediately took the 50￠coin. The villager laughed." See how stupid he is!" he said," He always does that. How stupid he is!" He walked away, leaving Mike with the visitor.

The visitor felt sorry for Mike." Mike, listen," he said," Although the 50￠ coin is bigger than the 1 coin, the 1 coin is worth much more. Twice as much." "I know that," Mike said," But the very first time I take the $1 coin, they will stop playing the game. "Mike went away and left the

visitor in silence.

（1）Mike may be a man at the age of .

A. 10

B. 20

C. 40

D. 80

（2）Which is TRUE in the following sentences？

A. A group of visitors came to the village.

B. Mike didn't take the $1 coin.

C. A visitor came to play chess with Mike.

D. Mike refused to play the game.

（3）After the game, how did the visitor feel for Mike at first？

A. Sorry.

B. Excited.

C. Happy.

D. Crazy.

（4）Why did Mike take the 50￠ coin？

A. He knew the visitor very well.

B. He didn't know the worth of it.

C. He liked the picture on it.

D. He wanted the game to be continued.

（5）In fact, Mike was according to the passage.

A. silly

B. smart

C. poor

D. sick

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了山庄里的人总是嘲笑Mike是愚蠢的。

（1）细节题。根据Mike was one of them. He was a middle-aged man迈克就是其中之一，他是一个中年人，可知迈克大概40岁，故选C。

（2细节题。根据He showed Mike a $1 coin and a much larger 50￠（美分）coin. "Which one would you like？"he asked Mike，holding them both out. Mike immediately took the 50￠coin他给迈克看了一枚1美元的硬币和一枚大得多的50美分硬币，"你想要哪一个？"他问迈克，把他们两个都举了出来，迈克立即拿走了50美分的硬币，可知迈克没有拿一美元的硬币，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据The visitor felt sorry for Mike，可知来访者为迈克感到难过，故选A。（4）细节题。根据Mike said，"But the very first time I take the 1 coin， they will stop playing the game. 迈克说，"但是当我第一次拿1元硬币的时候，他们会停止玩这个游戏，可推知迈克是为了一直玩这个游戏，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据I know that，"Mike said，"But the very first time I take the 1 coin， they will stop playing the game我知道，"迈克说，"但是当我第一次拿1元硬币的时候，他们会停止玩这个游戏. 可推知迈克是为了一直玩这个游戏才装傻，但是其实他很聪明，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

Many environmental groups are warning that oceans of the world are in great danger. In the past 50 years, the number of water with zero oxygen（氧气） in the open ocean has increased more than four times. In the near coast water bodies, including the river mouth and seas, low-oxygen areas have increased more than 10 times since 1950.Scientists discover that oxygen continues dropping ever outside these zones as the Earth warms. To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分） pollution.

Oxygen is a must to life in the oceans. The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.

This is the first time for the scientists to take such a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide, in both the open ocean and the near coast waters. About half of the oxygen on Earth comes from the ocean. However, mixed effects of nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing the number and size of "dead zones" in the open ocean and the near coast waters, where oxygen is too low to support most sea life.

In the areas traditionally called "dead zones", like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die. As fishes run away from these zones, their living areas become smaller and smaller. But the problem goes far beyond "dead zones". Even smaller oxygen drops can hold up the growth in animals and lead to disease or even death. Low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals. Although a few animals can grow well in dead zones, overall biodiversity（多样性）falls.

（1）How to stop the drop of ocean oxygen in the article?

A. By controlling in both climate change and nutrient pollution around the world.

B. By taking a deep look at the causes, results and solutions to low oxygen worldwide.

C. By running away from these zones, for the living areas become smaller and smaller.

D. By cutting down the number of animals in the oceans.

（2）Why are these waters called" dead zones" from the article?

A. Because the oxygen in these areas is too low for most sea life to live.

B. Because nutrient loading and climate change are greatly increasing.

C. Because there are no animals living in these areas.

D. Because low oxygen also can cause the release of dangerous chemicals.

（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?

A. Only a few animals living in the sea need oxygen.

B. Climate change can help cut down the dead zones.

C. Fishes grow faster and better in low oxygen areas.

D. Human activities have many serious effects on ocean environment.

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是介绍了世界海洋正处于极大的危险之中。

（1）细节题。根据To stop the drop, the world needs to control in both climate change and nutrient（养分）pollution可知，通过控制全球气候变化和营养污染阻止海洋氧气的下降，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据 like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen drops to levels so low that many animals have trouble in breathing and die，可知称这些水域为“死区”是因为这些地区的氧气太低，大多数海洋生物无法生存，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据The drop in ocean oxygen is among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earth's environment.可知，人类活动对海洋环境有许多严重影响正确，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

9．阅读理解

Humans can go to the hospital when they're ill. But as for animals, what should they do？To stay healthy, animals have their own ways to heal（治愈）themselves. Now let's get to know their special skills.

Skill One

Have you ever seen your dog or cat lick（舔）its wounds？Why do they do it？It probably feels good, but it's good medicine. Licking cleans a wound, and saliva（唾液）has chemicals that kill germs（细菌）.

Skill Two

To avoid diseases, many animals have good living habits. They hate to be dirty. Most animals separate their pooping（排便）areas from their eating areas. Horses poop far away from the grass they eat. Rabbits put their poop in special pooping areas.

Skill Three

Have you ever heard of the expression "starve a fever（发烧时宜饿）"？Many animals stop eating when they're ill. When a sick animal stops eating, it can stop germs from getting necessary things.

Skill Four

Another way that animals heal themselves is to raise their body temperature. High temperature can kill germs. Warm—blooded animals（like us）get fevers to fight with germs.

Cold—blooded animals（like snakes）look for pieces of wood or rocks heated by the sun.

Fish move to warmer waters.

（1）A cat cleans its___ by licking.

A. medicine

B. saliva

C. wound

D. chemicals

（2）In order to avoid diseases，horses and rabbits___.

A. eat special grass

B. choose dirty areas

C. put poop into holes

D. have good living habits

（3）Starving can stop germs from getting___ things.

A. wild

B. waste

C. necessary

D. useless

（4）Fish move to warmer waters to___.

A. lick their wounds

B. keep themselves clean

C. starve a fever

D. raise their body temperature

（5）We may find the passage in a___.

A. science novel

B. magazine

C. travel guide

D. storybook

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了动物自己治疗伤病的几个办法。

（1）细节理解题，根据原文，Licking cleans a wound，and saliva（唾液）has chemicals that kill germs（细菌）. 舔干净一个伤口，且唾液里有化学物质可以杀死细菌，故选C。

（2）细节理解题，根据原文，To avoid diseases，many animals have good living habits为了避免疾病，很多动物有好的生活习惯，Horses poop far away from the grass they eat. Rabbits put their poop in special pooping areas.马便会远离他们吃的草，兔子会把他们的便便放到特殊的便便区域.可知为了避免疾病，马和兔子都有好的生活习惯，故选D。

（3）细节理解题，根据原文When a sick animal stops eating，it can stop germs from getting necessary things当一个生病的动物停止了吃东西，它可以阻止细菌去获取必需的东西，可知题目空缺处填入necessary，故选C。

（4）细节理解题，根据原文Another way that animals heal themselves is to raise their body temperature，另外一种动物治愈他们自己的方式是提高他们身体的温度，Fish move to warmer waters.鱼儿会选择跑去温暖的水区，因此鱼去温暖的水域是为了提高自身的温度，故选D。

（5）推理，根据原文，To stay healthy，animals have their own ways to heal（治愈）themselves. Now let's get to know their special skills.为了保持健康，动物有它们自己的方式去治愈他们自己.现在让我们来了解下他们特殊的技能吧，可知文章主要介绍了动物治愈他们自己的4种方法，这类信息主要是从杂志会出现的信息，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断

题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．阅读理解

What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？A strong sense of fairness is one of them.

A friend once told me an experience that he had. When he was driving along a one—lane（单行小路）, unpaved（未铺路的）mountain road, the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘土）, and it was a long way to the nearest paved main road. Suddenly, the car ahead stopped at a wider place on the road. My friend thought there must be something wrong with the car ahead. He stopped and asked if anything was wrong. "No," said the other driver. "But you've endured my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."

Another ingredient is empathy（同情心）. It makes a person see into the mind or heart of someone else. Recently I happened to read such a story in a book.

A man was having dinner alone, and he was trying to open a bottle. But he failed. Then he asked a waiter for help. The waiter took the bottle, turned his back and opened it without difficulty. Then the waiter closed it again and turned back. He pretended（假装）to make a great effort to open the bottle without success. Finally he took it into the kitchen and returned very soon. He told the man that he managed to open it, but only with a tool.

Yet another ingredient is the ability to treat people alike（一视同仁）. No matter who he is and what he does, everyone is worth respecting.

（1）The driver in the car ahead stopped to___.

A. repair the car

B. have a rest

C. ask the way

D. let the back car go （2）The underlined word "endure" probably means___ in Chinese.

A. 原谅

B. 容忍

C. 抱怨

D. 谴责（3）In fact the waiter opened the bottle___.

A. by himself easily

B. with a tool

C. with difficulty

D. without success （4）The second story may happen___.

A. in the kitchen at home

B. on the main road

C. in the restaurant

D. on the busy street

（5）The best title of the passage is "___".

A. The Ability to Solve Problems

B. The Ways to Help Others

C. The Good Manners to Treat Others

D. The Empathy for Strangers

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么。

（1）细节理解题。根据"But you've endured my dust so far.I'll endure yours the rest of the way. 但到目前为止，你已经忍受了我的灰尘，我会在剩下的路上忍受你的，可知他是想让后面的车先走，故选D。

（2）词意猜测题。根据the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘士），…"But you've endured my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."在他前面的汽车产生了呛人的尘土，……“但是到目前为止你已经endure了我的灰尘，我将在剩下的路上endure你的，“可推知是忍受的意思，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据The waiter took the bottle，turned his back and opened it without difficulty.服务员拿起瓶子，转过身，毫不费力地打开了瓶子，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据A man was having dinner alone，.…The waiter took the bottle.…一个人独自吃饭……服务员拿了瓶子，……可知是在一家餐厅，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？良好礼仪的基本要素是什么？可知本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么，故选用“对待别人好的礼仪”为题合适，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Few words are spoken more often every day on the streets of Britain than "I'm sorry". This phrase has become such a common response（反应） that it has taken on a lot of meanings.

Saying "Sorry" means to apologize（道歉）. This is simple and easy to understand. We learn it both as a native speaker and as a student of foreign languages.

But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, looking down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, towards the man. She sees him, but she can't get out of the way in time. The man bumps （碰撞） into the woman. Who should say sorry? Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasn't looking where he was going. Yet in Britain, it is common for both to apologize.

It is known that British people, like most people, do not enjoy conflict（冲突）.So to quickly calm the situation, British people will apologize to each other.

Other times it may sound funny to hear "sorry". Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: "Sorry, but can I order another drink?" It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. In Britain, sorry doesn't always mean exactly what you think.（1）According to the passage, "saying sorry" is a cultural expression in .

A. the USA

B. the UK

C. the WWF

D. the UN

（2）What does the underlined phrase "take on" mean in Paragraph 1?

A. 从事

B. 雇佣

C. 呈现

D. 拿起

（3）The example in the third paragraph is used to .

A. describe a situation that people should avoid

B. describe how "sorry" has another meaning in Britain

C. explain why people should say sorry to each other

D. show how polite British people are

（4）The restaurant example shows that "sorry" can be used to .

A. apologize

B. calm a situation down

C. explain what you're thinking about

D. ask a waiter to bring something

（5）What might be a good title for this passage?

A. "I'm Sorry" Is More Than just an Apology

B. Traditional British Manners

C. How to Best Catch Others' Attention

D. Finding a Way out of a Difficult Situation

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了I'm sorry在不同场合下的不同的含义。（1）细节理解题，根据 But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a cultural expression. 可知在英国英语中I'm sorry是一种文化表达，故答案是B。

（2）词义猜测题，文章的2-4自然段在讲述sorry的不同的含义，所以takes on的意思是具有，呈现的意思。故答案是C。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据第三段的例子可知，它在为我们讲述sorry的另一层含义，故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题，根据 it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: "Sorry, but can I order another drink?" It is not to apologize, but just to express that we need the waiter. 可知在饭店，说sorry 是为了让服务员给我们拿东西。故答案是D。

（5）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了I'm sorry的几层含义，通过文章我们知道，sorry不只是道歉，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题、词义猜测题和标题判断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题，要结合具体语境猜测出单词的意思，标题判断题题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，然后凝练句式，找出最接近的选项。

12．阅读理解

More and more people believe that technologies are great for learning. Today, such teaching tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses, including language, history and science.

Many teachers agree on using iPads in language learning. They say that students now have much more time for discussion in the classroom. Instead of spending class time listening to texts or watching teaching videos, students can do this on their own and come to class preparing for discussion.

The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace. Some students might listen to a dialogue only once and understand it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it. Using iPads is especially helpful to students who are learning a language at different paces.

The students who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy. They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn and the class becomes much more interesting and helpful. Some think using iPads are good for students. By using iPads, they can pay more attention to the material and learn more. Teaching notes are stored in their iPads and are easy to find. Some students spend more time studying now. " I can listen to my language material or watch teaching videos on the bus, instead of having to wait until I get home," a student explained.

Many teachers are worried about that technologies such as iPads are doing badly to students. They worry that students might store teaching notes and use them to cheat during exams. Some believe that if a student spends more time watching videos on an iPad, he will have fewer chances to have face-to-face communication with others.

However, technologies are already a part of most students' day-to-day lives. As for cheating, teachers can ask students to hand in their iPads when taking exams. Technology is playing an important part. We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom.

（1）Using iPads are good for students because .

A. students with iPads have less discussion in class

B. students get more fun from learning with iPads

C. students store teaching notes in iPads to cheat in exams

D. students save time waiting for buses with iPads

（2）Such teaching tools as iPads shouldn't be used to by students.

A. listen to the learning materials

B. store teaching notes

C. cheat during the exams

D. watch teaching videos

（3）What does the expression "at their own pace" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. According to their own timetable.

B. Without their teachers' help.

C. Because of their wonderful dreams.

D. Against their parents' hopes.

（4）The writer probably agrees that ______.

A. teachers can take control of students' learning

B. exam results depend a lot on new technology

C. technology in education has a bright future

D. note-taking is as helpful as video-watching

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了新技术对于学习的好处.

（1）推理题。根据 They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn and the class becomes much more interesting and helpful 可知学生们从使用iPad学习中获得更多乐趣，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据 They worry that students might store teaching notes and use them to cheat during exams 可知像ipad这样的教学工具不应该在考试中被用来作弊，故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace 老师们还说iPad可以让学生按照自己的节奏学习，A按照他们自己的时间表，B没有他们老师的帮助，C因为他们精彩的梦想，D违背他们父母的希望， at their own pace是照自己的节奏，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom 可知作者可能同意教育技术有着光明的前景，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

13．阅读理解

What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?

Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed

Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas.

Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect

Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen Jacobsen from Northwestern University believed what he was taught: that water on the Earth came from icy comets（封星）or planets which hit into the Earth.

However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acts like a sponge. This suggests that the Earth's water may have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activities.

"I had a pretty hard time making others believe it," he said." But think about the fact that you

may be the first person to see something for the first time that doesn't happen very often. When it does, it's amazing."

Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way

Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's "Philae", a robot landing craft, met up with Comet 67P, which is 480 million kilometres away. The trip from the Earth by "Philae" had taken ten years!

The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.

When "Philae" tried to land, it bounced（弹起）away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, "Philae" landed successfully and began sending information back to the Earth.（1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg didn't finish college because .

A. they preferred to learn by themselves

B. they needed standard ways of teaching

C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas

D. their teachers weren't able to teach them

（2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that .

A. we should get answers from facts

B. we can believe what we are taught

C. it's hard to make others believe something

D. an expectation can help get an answer in research

（3）The example "Philae" in Lesson 3 shows that .

A. Comet 67P is not far away from the Earth

B. it took"Philae"20 years to reach Comet 67P

C. "Philae" landed on Comet 67P with a little luck

D. scientists knew nothing about the surface of Comet 67P

（4）The best title for this passage is " ".

A. Ways of discovering

B. Lessons for success

C. Ways of being special

D. Lessons for experiments

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们能从世界上那些使不可能的事情成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到什么呢？第一要有需要创造性思维的方式；第二从事实中找出你的答案，而不是从对你将要找到的东西的期望开始。第三要有一点点运气，从事实中找出你的答案，而不是从对你将要找到的东西的期望开始。

（1）细节理解题，根据Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves可知，比尔盖茨和马克扎克伯格喜欢自学，所以退学，故答案是

A。

（2）主旨大意题，根据Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. 可知，第二课主要说的是要从事实中找答案，故答案是A。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据第三颗主要说的是要有点运气，但是彗星67P上环境如何无人知道，成功与否无人知道，这就需要一点运气了，故答案是C。

（4）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，这三课都是从成功那里学到的，也是为了成功，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

Hundreds of foreigners got together in a small neighborhood in Qingdao on the afternoon of April 20 because of the Neighbor Day, an 18-day event celebrated across Qingdao. They learned the arts of Chinese handwriting, dumpling making, paper cutting, and discovered the culture of Chinese family trees.

The festival started 12 years ago after a 10-year-old girl called Sun Ruihan was refused when paying a New Year's visit to her neighbor. Upset by this incident, she wrote to the Shibei district government of Qingdao, suggesting that they should introduce a "Neighbor Day" to encourage greater spirit.

As the birthplace of the festival, Shibei hosted the opening ceremony of this year's Neighbor Day on April 19. With the theme of" ▲ ", people from across the city got together to share their homemade food and discuss the family stories. They also set up a mobile neighbors' library to share books.

Sarah from the United States said she had a great time with her neighbors as she experienced the art of Chinese paper cutting for the first time. Masha from Russia, who is studying Chinese at the Ocean University of China, described the event as a great chance to make friends with her Chinese neighbors and learn about the local culture with them. She tried her best at Chinese handwriting and also had great fun learning how to make dumplings. "I love eating dumplings but I never knew how to make them before, "she said." Now I can come to my neighbors' homes and learn in their kitchens."

Neighbor Day grew from the needs of the people. With the big support from the government, it has become another culture symbol of Qingdao.

（1）Neighbor Day in Qingdao is a festival to .

A. welcome foreigners to Qingdao

B. learn different western cultures

C. make friends with neighbors

D. help neighbors out of trouble

（2）The underlined word "incident" in Paragraph 2 probably means in Chinese.

A. 事件

B. 行动

C. 过程

D. 意外

（3）Which of the following can be best put into the blank" ▲ "?

A. Foreigners as friends

B. Neighbors as family

C. Living with foreigners

D. Working with neighbors

（4）Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage?（P=Paragraph）

A. B. C. D.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了青岛的邻居节。

（1）推理题。根据described the event as a great chance to make friends with her Chinese neighbors 可知邻居节是为了和邻居交朋友，故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。根据Sun Ruihan was refused when paying a New Year's visit to her neighbor. Upset by this incident, she wrote to......可知incident是事件的意思，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 people from across the city got together to share their homemade food and discuss the family stories. 来自全市各地的人们聚在一起分享他们自制的食物和谈论家庭故事，可知Neighbors as family把邻居当做家人，适合作为活动主题，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据全文描述可知，文章的五段以第一段是提出这个节日，2,3,4段描述节日，第五段总结，故正确结构的是C，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

15．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and morden communication means （工具）. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even heart it.

Man has been polluting the earth. The more people have, the more pollution becomes. Many years ago, the problem was nor so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true.