major tourist cities-1
Hello,everyone.
大家好！
Welcome back to Chinese Culture.
欢迎回到《中国文化概要》课程，
In this section,please join us to learn Chinese major tourist cities.
这节课，我们要学习中国主要旅游城市。
As we know,China has a large number of wonderful tourist cities.
我们知道，中国有很多美丽的旅游城市，
Some of them have imposing imperial palaces,
有的拥有富丽堂皇的皇家宫殿，
some are blessed with splendid natural and cultural heritages,
有的拥有灿烂夺目的自然文化遗产，
and others boast colourful folk customs.
有的拥有丰富多彩的民俗风情。
Many cities were once the ancient capitals,
一些城市曾是古都，
such as Beijing,Xi’an,Hangzhou,and Nanjing.
如：北京、西安、杭州和南京，
They are famous for their splendid buildings,cultural relics,and historic sites.
它们以精美绝伦的建筑、文物和古迹而声名远扬。
Other cities like Shanghai,Kunming and Guilin,
另一些如城市，如上海、昆明和桂林，
are famous for their distinguished features in scenery,custom or modern lifestyle.则以其与众不同的美景、风俗和现代生活方式而闻名遐迩。
Today,our first stop is China’s capital city—Beijing.
今天，我们首先来到中国的首都——北京。
Beijing is located in the northern part of the North China Plain.
北京坐落在华北平原的北部。
This teeming modern city and its surroundings abound with
这座热闹的现代化都市和它的周边存在着丰富的
cultural relics,historic sites,and captivating landscapes.
文化遗产、历史古迹和迷人风光，
Cultural events and theatrical performances are also great attractions here.
文化活动和文艺演出也十分引人入胜。
So,do you know what are the famous tourist attractions in Beijing?
那么，你知道北京有哪些著名的旅游景点吗？
And What kind of culture you can explore in the capital city?
你能从北京城里发现什么样的文化吗呢？
To help you get a better understanding about it
为帮助你对此有更深入的了解，
and learn more about Chinese culture and history,
了解更多中国历史文化，
let’s start from the most popular ones.
接下来，我们从最受欢迎的一些地方说起。
Firstly,let’s look at Forbidden City
首先，我们来看故宫（旧称紫禁城）。
The Forbidden City is no doubt the top must-see place in Beijing.
毋庸置疑，故宫是来北京旅游的首选之地，
It’s located in the center of the city.
它位于北京中轴线的中心。
Consisting of9,999rooms,it is once reserved only for the Emperors in15-18th century.
紫禁城内有房屋9999间，在15-18世纪，这里是只有“天子”才能进出的地方。Once you enter the palace,
当走进这座宫殿，
you have stepped in the centuries’old history of China’s imperial dynasties.
你就步入了华夏数千年封建王朝的历史之中，
It will show you what the Chinese culture and Dynasty is all about.
你会看到中国文化和历史朝代的全貌。
Having been the imperial palace for over five centuries,
故宫作为历经500年的皇家宫殿，
it houses numerous rare treasures and curios.
贮藏了数不清的奇珍奇珍异宝，
It was listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in1987.
1987年，联合国教科文组织将其列入世界文化遗产名录。
Secondly,we will talk about the Great Wall.
接下来，我们来说说长城。
The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world that are created by human beings.
长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一，
Chairman Mao has said:“One who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.”
毛主席曾说：“不到长城非好汉”，
Yes,in Chinese:不到长城非好汉.
汉语说：不到长城非好汉。
Today,Hiking the Great Wall is always a must for Beijing first-time visitors.
如今，对第一次到北京的游客来说，爬长城是必不可少的项目。
In fact,the first major wall was built during the reign of Qinshihuang in the third century BC.
事实上，长城最早的古城墙建于公元前3世纪秦始皇统一六国之时，
This wall was not constructed as a single endeavour,
城墙也不是一次建成的，
but rather was created by the joining of several regional walls built by some states in the Warring States period.
而是由战国时期的各国修筑的长城连接而成。
In China,people always call the Great Wall“Ten-Thousand Mile Long Wall(万里长城)”,
中国人常常将其称为“万里长城”，
but how long is the Great Wall exactly?
那么，长城究竟有多长呢？
It is officially announced as21,196.18km in total after a more than5years’measurement.
据官方宣布，历经5年多的实地测量，长城长达21,196.18公里。
Today’s Great Wall was mostly built during the Ming dynasty,
现在我们看到的长城大部分建于明朝，
in order to protect people from raids by the northern tribes.
是为了抵御北方少数民族的袭扰而修建。
Now,the practical functions of the Great Wall as a defense work no longer exist,
如今，长城作为军事防御的功能早已不复存在，
but its beauty has remained up to now.
但其雄伟壮丽却经久不衰。
The views from the Wall are spectacular and
站在长城上能欣赏到绮丽壮观的风景，
you can feel a sense of history as you walk.
漫步长城上能感受到沧桑厚重的历史感。
The Great Wall is also a symbol of the character of the Chinese nation.
长城也是中华民族性格的象征，
It is an expression of the pioneering spirit of the Chinese people.
是中国人民开拓精神的体现。
Lastly,Let’s come to Tian’anmen Square.
最后，让我们走近天安门广场。
Tian’anmen Square was first built in Ming Dynastywhen Emperor Zhudi(朱棣)laid out the city of Beijing.
天安门广场始建于明代皇帝朱棣迁都北京时。
It has been an imperial square and civilians are forbidden to enter.
过去这里是皇家禁地，平民百姓不允许进入。
As more than500years passed,Tian’anmen Square became a diamond in the crown of Beijing.
500多年过去了，天安门广场已成为北京城中一颗璀璨的明珠。
It witnessed how Chinese people struggle against the feudal governance and foreign invaders for democracy and freedom.
它目睹了中国人民为了民主和自由如何与封建统治和外国侵略者斗争。
On1st October1949,Chairman Mao proclaimed the establishment of People’s Republic of China in Tiananmen Gate.
1949年10月1日，毛主席在这里宣布中华人民共和国成立。
Without any doubt,Tian’anmen Square has become a symbol of New China.
毫无疑问，天安门广场已经成为新中国的象征。
It is one of the largest squares in the world.
它是世界上最大的广场之一。
The Tiananmen Gate Tower stands imposingly at the northern end of the square.
天安门城楼耸立在广场的北端，
The Monument to the People’s Heroes is at the center of the square.
人民英雄纪念碑在广场的中央，
West of the square is the Great Hall of the People while
广场的西边是人民大会堂，
east of the square is the National Museum of China.
广场的东面是中国国家博物馆，
Chairman Mao Zedong Memorial Hall sits at the southern end of the square.毛泽东主席纪念堂位于广场的南端。
Now,look at the map again!Are you clear?
再来看下地图吧！大家清楚了吗？
Of course,there are many other famous attractions in Beijing.
当然，北京还有很多其他的著名景点，
Temple of Heaven,Summer Palace,Ming Tombs,and so on.
天坛，颐和园，十三陵，等等。
But due to time limits,
但由于时间关系，
I cannot introduce all the attractions today.
今天无法介绍所有的景点，
If you are interested,find more information on these books and websites.
你如果感兴趣，可以从这些书和网站上获取更多信息。
Ok,that’s all for today,thank you for listening,
今天的课就到这里，感谢大家的聆听，
See you!
下次再见！