高二英语上(Unit4综合能力训练)

教师辅导讲义

the passage you have just read.

(A)

Supermarkets are big stores that provide a wide choice of foods and other products. In the United States, traditional supermarkets are facing competition from even bigger stores. They are also facing competition from stores with more choices of fresh, natural foods.

Many supermarkets are chain stores owned by one company. Price competition is fierce in the grocery industry. Most Americans still spend the most money at supermarkets. But traditional supermarkets have lost some of their business. Many people are changing where they buy groceries. They are also changing the kinds of groceries they want.

New competitors are winning business because they are even larger than supermarkets. And they have lower prices. Wal-Mart Super centers sell groceries as well as clothes, tools, electronic equipment and everything else. Costco membership stores are also known for low prices. Discount stores like Wal-Mart and Costco buy their goods in huge amounts and sell at prices that supermarkets usually cannot equal.

Competition has also come from stores, like Whole Foods Market, that sell natural foods.

Yet supermarkets are changing too. Many have cut prices. And many are offering more fine foods and organic products which are free of added chemicals or drugs. Since two thousand Americans have bought more organic food from supermarkets than from any other kind of store. Also, supermarkets are able to offer greater choices of similar products than might be found at their discount competitors.

61. Supermarkets are unable to compete with

A. small grocery stores

B. small grocery chains

C. convenience stores

D. large discount centers

62. Which statement is true according to the passage?

A. Supermarkets have sold more organic foods than other competitors.

B. Markets that sell natural foods are not competitive.

C. Supermarkets offer less variety than discount chains.

D. Supermarkets are usually owned by many companies.

63. The main theme of the passage is that

A. supermarkets are no longer important

B. there is more competition now than there used to be

C. supermarkets have had to raise prices to make a profit

D. natural foods have taken over the market that supermarkets used to have

(B)

The old-fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to lack that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his regular customers personally. He could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing powder Mrs. Jones preferred. Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but also a social meeting place.

A prosperous general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the staff were concerned. But now that the supermarket has replaced the general store, the job of the manager has changed completely. The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.

Every morning, the manager must, like the commander of an army division（部门）carry out an inspection of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems arise, and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with their respective responsibilities.

No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise. People in the trade say that you are not

really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.

64. In the author's opinion, it is a pity that there are fewer old general stores now because .

A. there is less trading business

B. there used to be more social activities in the old days

C. the supermarket manager has more problems than before

D. there is less personal contact between manager and customer

65. Who are Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Jones mentioned in the first paragraph?

A. They are friends of the store manager's.

B. They are shop assistants.

C. They are both regular customers of the store.

D. They represent any of the regular customers of the old general store.

66. The supermarket manager is compared to by the author.

A. an orchestra conductor

B. a traffic supervisor

C. a military leader

D. a school inspector

(C)

How did a little store selling cheap shirts and fishing rods become the mightiest corporation in America? The short version of Wal-Mart's rise to glory goes something like this: In 1979 it reached a billion dollars in sales. By 1993 it did that much business in a week; by 2001 it could do it in a day.

It's a stunning(令人吃惊的)story—one that drove Wal-Mart from rural Arkansas, where it was founded in 1962,to the top of the Fortune 500 this year. Sam Walton, Wal-Mart's founders, pushed sales growth with great effort while squeezing costs with advanced information technology. He encouraged employees to sell better with the "ten-foot rule" (greet customers if they are that close). He was, in other words, an early evangelist (传播者) for the first rules of today's economy: Service rules. Wal-Mart, in fact, is the first service company to rise to the top of the Fortune 500. When Fortune first published its list of the largest companies in America in 1955, Wal-Mart didn't even exist. That year General Motors was America's biggest company, and in every year that followed, either GM or another mighty industrial, Exxon, was No.

1. Wal-Mart's achievement caps a bigger economic shift—from producing goods to providing services. Manufacturing's share of US employment peaked in 1953,at 35%. It has been declining steadily since. In the decade that will end in 2010,the Bureau of Labor Statistics figures that goods-producing industries will create 1. 3 million new jobs, compared to 20 million for service industries. To look at it another way, today there are about four times as many people working in service jobs as in other kinds of jobs. And even within manufacturing, services are an increasingly large share of operations.

As America got richer, consumption got more complicated. With more income to throw around, people started spending more on services-movies and travel, mortgages(贷款) to buy houses, insurances to protect those houses, the occasional decadent (堕落的)weekend at a luxury hotel. Economists call this a shift in the demand pattern; Fortune calls it the main reason that 64 of this year's top 100 are service companies. Over the next few years, only three of the ten fastest-growing occupations (software engineers, nurses, and computer support) pay middle-class salaries. The rest could be called, well, Wal-Mart kinds of jobs—cashiers, retail assistants, food services, and so on. In short, the service economy is delivering more good jobs than ever before.

67. Wal-Mart is very successful because of_____________________ .

A. advanced information technology

B. encouraged employees

C. lower cost and better service

D. spreading rules

68. In this passage Fortune is probably

A. a supermarket

B. a magazine

C. an organization

D. a company

69. The passage tells readers that _____________________ .

A. in 1955,Exxon was No. 1 on the list of the largest companies

Section D （8分）

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible

words.

Shortly after the war, my brother and I were invited to spend a few days, holiday with an uncle who had just returned from abroad. He had rented a house in the country, although he rarely spent much time there. We understood the reason for this after our arrival: the house had no comfortable furniture in it, many of the windows were broken and the roof leaked, making the whole house damp.

On our first evening, we sat around the fire after supper listening to the stories which our uncle had to tell of his many adventures in distant countries. I was so tired after the long train journey that I would have preferred to go to bed; but I could not bear to miss any of my uncle's exciting stories.

He was just in the middle of describing a rather frightening experience he had once had when his small sailing boat was carried out to sea in a storm, when there was a loud crash from the bedroom above, the one where my brother and I were going to sleep.

"It sounds as if the roof has fallen in!" exclaimed my uncle, with a loud laugh.

When we got to the top of the stairs and opened the bedroom door, we could see nothing at first because of the thick clouds of dust which filled the room. When the dust began to clear, a strange sight met our eyes. A large part of the ceiling had fallen right on to my bed. I was glad that I had stayed up late to listen to my uncle's stories, otherwise I should certainly have been seriously injured, perhaps killed.

That night we all slept on the floor of the sitting-room downstairs, not wishing to risk our lives by sleeping under a roof which might at any moment fall on our heads. We left for London the very next morning and my uncle gave up his house in the country. This was not the kind of adventure he cared for either!

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS. )

76.The cottage was seldom used because it was .

77.The writer didn't go to bed immediately after supper because .

78.What happened in the bedroom? .

79.The writer felt lucky that he escaped from .

*************************************************************************************************** Keys: 71. DFABE

76. in poor condition

77. he wanted to hear all his uncle’s exciting stories.\

78. a large part of the ceiling fell on to the bed

79. being injured ,even killed.

Part II、Translation ( 17分)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.

1．在过去的几年中，连锁店的数目在中国的大城市有了极大的增长。(number)

2．老板允许他开其他分店以便进一步扩大生意。(expand)

3．他建议我尽可能早点动身，不要错过去北京的早班车。(suggest)

4．年龄在20岁至30岁的年轻人可以在那家公司里得到很高的职位。(range) (5分)