名词性从句之宾语从句和主语从句
名词性从句之宾语从句和主语从句1
在主从复合句中，从句可以充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。由于在多数情况下，主语、表语、宾语或同位语这四种句子成分由名词性词类充当，所以，我们把这些作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句，把充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语的从句分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句。
也就是说充当什么成分就叫什么从句。名词性从句由连接词（或关联词）引导。常用的连接词有
考点点拨
考点1．引导宾语从句的关联词有：that (在从句中可省略)
从属连词有：if /whether
连接代词有：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词有：where, why,when, how
考点２．宾语从句用陈述句语序
可以带宾语从句的是一些及物动词，介词和一些形容词（sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid,
surprised,satisfied 等）
考点３．Think, believe, suppose, expect 等构成否定句时要前移
I don’t think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影没什么意思。
考点４．nsist, suggest, demand, order, proposal 后宾语从句要用虚拟语气：should +动词原形
考点５．当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后的句子中的that不能省略
考点６．由it 作形式宾语时，that 引导宾语从句时不能省略
考点７．如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。
常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regar d, take….for granted等。
如：
George made it clear that he opposed this project. 乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that 引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。
考点８．whether和if都可以引导名词性从句，有时可互换。但下面几种情况只能用whether 而不能用if .
1) 从句后紧跟or not时。
2) 在discuss等某些动词后
3) 引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时。
4) 宾语从句作介词的宾语时。
考点９．doubt引导的宾语从句形式有：
1）I doubt whether/if……
2) There is a doubt whether / if ……
3) I have a doubt whether / if ……
4) I don’t doubt that ……
5) There is no doubt that ……
6) I have no doubt that ……
二．主语从句
考点点拨
考点１．引导主语从句的关联词有：that (不充当任何成分) what (可充当主语，宾语，表语)Whether, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, where, when, why, how
考点２．用it 作形式主语的结构：
A It + be +形容词+ that + 从句
B It + be +名词短语+ that + 从句
C It + be + 过去分词+ that + 从句
D It +seems, happens + that + 从句
E I t doesn’t matter(makes no difference) +连接代词/连接副词+主语从句
注意１：主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
注意２：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
练习
一．. 用正确的词填空
(1)名词性从句有______ 种, 分别是宾语从句, _______ ,________, 表语从句, 在复合句中充当宾语,
主语, 同位语和表语。
(2)关联词that 在从句中充当成分；what 在从句中可充当，等。
(3)It 可以作形式宾语和。
二. 判断下列句子属于那种从句
(1)I doubt whether he will succeed.
(2)I don’t know how to do it.
(3)I wonder what he is writing to me about.
(4)The fact is that you didn’t hand in your homework yesterday.
(5)That’s how I solved the problem.
(6)Whether he will come here isn’t clear.
(7)What he did is not yet known.
(8)Whom you turned to for help to makes no difference.
(9)It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
(10)I t is said that he has arrived in Zhongshan University.
(11)T he news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
(12)T he news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.
三．将下列句子组合成含有名词性从句的复合句：
1.—Where did they come across each other? --I have no idea about it.
2.He has overcome all the difficulties. It is likely..
3.He has promised to rid himself of those bad habits. We doubt about it.
4. “Let’s focus our attention on what the teacher says”. My partner suggested it.
5.Have you cut off the electricity supply? I want to know it.
6.Nobody wants to lose face in public. There is no doubt about it.
７.He is content with what he has achieved now. That is obvious.
８.How did he become well-known throughout the world overnight? Would you please tell me?
四、形式主语和形式宾语it：
（一）用形式主语或形式宾语组合两句：
1.The monkey swung from one tree to another. That was quite amusing.
2.Human beings can travel to the Mars in thi s century. I don’t think it impossible.
3.Will the family go to visit one of the most unique theme parks in the world Dollywood? That hasn’t been decided yet.
4.He dreams that he could be admitted by a key university. He is struggling to make it come true.
5.The trapped miners survived from the 8-day starvation in the mine. That was a surprise.
(二)、用形式主语或形式宾语改写下列句子：
1.He is unlikely to overcome all difficulties on the way to his success in passing the university entrance examination.
2.None of us is convinced that he can get rid of his worries by drowning in wine all day.
3.How many people were trapped in ruins was unclear at the beginning.
4.That the lady missed today’s flight to Shanghai was a pity.
5.Why dinosaurs disappeared from the earth still remains unknown.
五．填入适当的连词
(1)I can’t decide dictionary I should buy.
(2)I don’t know I shall do next.
(3)I know nothing about the young lady except she is from Beijing.
(4)She is always thinking of she can improve he r English .
(5)Y our pen is still you left it.
(6)Please tell me found my jacket.
(7)The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park.
(8)When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
(9)wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
(10)T omorrow is Tom’ s birthday . Have you got any idea the party is to be held?
(11)Is known to all that the 2012 Olympics will take place in London.
(12)H e must answer the question he agrees to it or not.
(13)T he problem is we can get there on time.
(14)He suddenly fell ill last month surprised us.
(15)He didn’t come to school yesterday. That was he was ill.
语法填空
１
Television is now playing a very important part in our life. But television, like many 11 things, has both advantages and disadvantages. Do the 12 outweigh (比…更重要) the latter?
In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also 13 comparatively cheap one. For a family of four, for example, it is 14 as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere.
All they have to do is 15 (press) a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention the latest 16 (excite) football match. Some people, 17 maintain that this is precisely 18 the danger lies. The television viewer makes no choice and exercises no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything 19 (present) to 20 without any effort on his part.
２
Keeping a diary in English is one of the 11._____ (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability.
12.______ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes 13.______ time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. 14.______ we persist in this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many 15.______. In the first place, 16.______ often happens that we have trouble finding appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. 17.______ it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.
As far as I 18.______ (concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is 19.______ great use to keep a diary in English for 20.______ development of our writing skills.
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高考总复习：主语从句及宾语从句 真题再现 1. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _______he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 2. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what 3. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether 4. We promise _____ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 5. It doesn’t matter _____ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why 6. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ____ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when 7. It suddenly occurred to him ___ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that 8. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _____ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever 9. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _____ suits you best. A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever 1. B。首先把插入语generally speaking删掉。but后的并列分句中，whether he reaches these limits（作为句子主语）will depend on his environment. 2. D。此处it是形式主语，what引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语，what作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。 3. C。宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。 4. C。首先本句考查的关键短语是promise sb. sth.（向某人承诺某事），本句指的是向参加聚会的人提供一个和电影明星合影的机会，不定式做chance的定语，然后就是参加聚会的任何人（whoever=anyone who）。 5. B。此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…意为：是…还是…都行。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。 6. C。根据空后的or可知为“whether … or”短语。
主语从句与宾语从句
主语从句与宾语从句 一、名词性从句是四位从句的总称：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。这些从句都起到类似于名词的作用。 主从：一个句子充当大句子的主语，就叫主语从句。例如； What I need is money.(主语是What I need作大句的主语) It was not obvious that water is fundamental to the development of life.（It是形式主语，真正的主语是that 从句。） 主语从句的位置有两种，一种是放于句首；一种是用It 作形式主语，从句被放后面。 二、宾语从句：一个小句子充当大句子的宾语。 He asked me how old I was . She took it for granted that I’d be back home an hour ago.（It 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。） 考点一：语序 What I want to do is to go home immediately.陈述语序。 I asked where the famous restaurant was .陈述语序。 名词性从句的语序应该是陈述句语序。 删除疑问语序（be /助动词、情态动词+主语） 考点二：引导词 That（没成分） That the earth moves around the sun is known to all.(that 引导的句子作大句子的主语，that不能丢。) Whether /if （有时互换，主语从句只能用wheather引导，不能用if .可用if 的地方都能用wheather。） Whether the meeting will be put off depends on the weather . 疑问代词：what,who, whom,which,whose 在从句中有成分 What he has is just money.（在从句中有成分作宾语） 疑问副词：where ,when,why,,how在从句中有成分 Why he didn’t attend class is not know yet. That：引导名词性从句时无成分，无词义，有时可以省略。 Whether /if引导名词性从句时无成分，是否。 特殊疑问代词：主，宾，表，定。 疑问副词：状。 考点三：no matter+疑问词（what）VS疑问词（what）+ever Whatever he says must be put down . No matter what he says/Whatever he says,I will not change my mind. 意思相同，但语法不一样。第一句主从，第二句让步状语从句。以ever开头的引导主从或者状语从句，而以no matter 开头的不能引导名词性从句，只能引导状语从句，所以选ever 就一定对。 考点四：建议、命令、要求类+宾从 The doctor suggested that an operation (should)be done immediately on the patient. 初中讲过当主句是一般过去时态的宾语从句：主过去，从句也过去。当主句的动词是建议、命令、要求类的动词时，后面的宾从必须是should+动词原形且should可以省略。此时不管。主语是谁，不管主句是什么时态都不能改变动词是原形的要求.once表示建议、命令、要求类的动词suggest,advise,propose,demand,require,insist,request,ask,command,order后面如果后
高考英语主语从句讲解
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
主语从句和形容词加介词的用法
It + be + adj.+ that... 主语从句中常见的一种形式，即以引导词that引出的主语从句，常以形式主语it 代替。主语从句的时态不受主句的时态影响和限制，根据句子意思用适当的时态。结构：It is+adj.+that从句。常用于这个句型的形容词有：necessary, important, clear, strange, true, good, wonderful, possible, unusual, certain, surprising; interesting等。 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1．他可能已经把一切都告诉她了。 ____ is possible that he ____ ____ her everything. 2．海怪突然出现了很奇怪。 It ____ _____ that sea monsters suddenly ___________. 3．毫无疑问她将会在测验中做得很好。 It is certain _____ she ____ ____ well in her exam. 用适当的形容词填空 1. Miss Li often says that it is ________ to learn a foreign language well. 2. Look at the black clouds in the sky. It is ________ to rain soon. 3. It is ________ that Sunday is the first day of the week. 4. Isn’t it ________ that chickens can swim? 5. Is it ________ the lazy boy can catch up with all his classmates? 很多形容词可以与介词连用。我们已学过很多这样的搭配，现在一起来复习一下。形容词与某个特定的介词连用，表示某个特定的意思。 ①与about连接的形容词：be worried about“担心……”；be excited about“对……感到兴奋”；be careful about“小心、谨慎”；be mad about“狂热地迷恋”；be anxious about “为……感到焦虑”；feel nervous about/ at“对……感到心神不安”。 ②与at连接的形容词：be shocked at“对……感到震惊”；be good at“擅长……”；be bad at“在某方面不好或坏”；be angry at/ about sth“对……生气”；be mad at sb“对……发怒”；be surprised at“对……感到惊讶”。 ③与as连接的形容词：be famous/ known as“作为……而著名”；be known as “被叫作……”。 ④与for 连接的形容词：be good for“对……有好处”；be bad for“对……有害”；be afraid for“为……而担心”；be famous / known for sth“因……而著名”；be mad for “渴望”；be happy for“为……感到高兴”；be responsible for“负责，有责任”；be free for“对……免费”；be available for“有空的”；be thankful for“感谢，感激……”；be ready for“为……做准备”。 ⑤与from 连接的形容词：be different from“与……不同”。 ⑥与of 连接的形容词：be short of“缺乏……”；be afraid of“害怕……”；be unaware of “没意识到……，不知道……”；be tired of“厌倦，厌烦……”；be proud of“为……感到自豪”；be full of“充满……的”。 ⑦与on 连接的形容词：be based on“基于，根据”；be keen on“喜爱”；be dependent on “依靠”。
名词性从句主语从句
主语从句 导入：观察并指出句子成分 A treehas fallenacrossthe road. Youarea student. To find your waycan bea problem. Smokingisbadfor you. 一．概念： 主语：主语是指句子谈论的主题，说明的人或事物。也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体，一般位于句首 主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句 二·基本结构 关系词简单句谓语动词宾语同位语 Thathe finished writing the composition in such a short timesurprisedusall. 他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶 三关系词(引导词) 1．从属连词：that whether that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 That she left him cut him to the heart. That he will come is certain. 注意：有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。E.g That she has made such a mistake is a pity. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. +从句 It is necessary that… 有必要… It is important tha t …. 重要的是… It is obvious that…… 很明显…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧…… It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起…… 3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说……
表语从句与主语从句
表语从句与主语从句 表语从句和主语从句以及宾语从句都要用陈述语序。 Ⅰ.表语从句 在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句称为表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后， 最为重要的是我们应该为牛找到足够的水。 The doubt is who has taken away the valuable vase. （主语，人） 疑点是谁拿走了那只贵重的花瓶。 My topic today is what most scientists are researching.（宾语，物，没有选择范围） 我今天的话题就是大多数科学家正在研究的课题。 The problem is which school will be chosen.(which在从句中作定语) 问题是哪一所学校将被选中。 All this was over twenty years ago，but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 表语从句中应注意的问题 (1)because，why引导的表语从句。 because引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“……的原因”，相当于the reason why。 That’s because he didn’t understand me. (That’s because...强调原因) 那是因为他不理解我。 That’s why he got angry with me. (That’s why...强调结果) 那正是他对我生气的原因。 (2)what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。 What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。 The reason why I was sad/for my being sad was that he didn’t understand me. 我难过的原因是他不理解我。 (3)使用虚拟语气的表语从句 在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea，request，requirement等。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不应该把它放在一边。 （4）as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，即形式常用过去式的某种时态。
主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类：
主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类： 第一类,用从属连词that引导的主语从句,例如：That we shall be late is certain. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调,属正式文体,连词that不可以省略；但是在一般情况下,往往使用先行it结构,即用it作形式主语,而把that从句放到后面,这时,在口语中,连词that 有时则可以省略.所以上述两句可以改为： It is certain that we shall be late. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 如果整个句子是疑问形式,就只能用先行it结构,例如： Is it true that he would take the risk?
Is it possible that they will come tomorrow? 常使用先行it结构,用that从句作主语的句子有下列几个句型： 1、It + be + 形容词+ that从句： It is clear that he was telling the truth. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 2、It + be + 名词词组+ that从句： It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 3、It + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that从句： It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 4、It + be + 过去分词+ that从句： It is said that he has been there many times. 5、It + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+
英语主语从句
主语从句 （一）主语从句的标记主语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。 1. that引导 That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。 That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。 That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。 That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。 That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。 That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。 2. whether引导 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。 Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 3. 连接代词引导 Whoever (=anyone who) fails to see this will make a big blunder. Whatever(=anything that) she did was reasonable. 无论什么 Anything that she did was reasonable. Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever(=anything that) you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。 What do you need? What you need is a good rest. I don’t know what you need? 4. 连接副词引导 When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。 When do we arrive? How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。 How was it done? How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 How did this happen? How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。How many people are we to invite? Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。 Where do i spend my summer? 5. 连接代词型what引导 What(=the thing that) we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What do we need? What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。What’s done is done. 事已成定局。 What=the thing that he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。What does he say? What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。 What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。（二）