2020版全国通用高考英语总复习：第3部分 第2讲 万变不离其宗的五种基本句式
第二讲万变不离其宗的种基本句式
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。
1．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)
该句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为：句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
◆(2017·天津卷书面表达)Actually, I’ve been doing pretty well in my studies as well as in my life.
事实上，在学习和生活上我做得都很好。
2．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语
该句式特点为：谓语动词均为实义动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。
◆(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I have good news to tell you that our school’s table tennis team is recruiting new members.
我有好消息告诉你，我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新成员。
3．主语＋系动词＋表语
该句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。
◆(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I know you are interested in ping-pong, which is regarded as the National Ball Sport of China.
我知道你喜欢中国的国球——乒乓球。
◆(四川卷书面表达)Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.
现在，在高中课外活动正变得越来越受欢迎。
4．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
该句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。
◆(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.
我记得你上次参观我们学校时给了我一些关于这个主题的照片。
◆(2016·天津卷书面表达)Now, on behalf of my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return．
现在，我代表全校同学，祝你们安全返回。
5．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语
该句式中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。
◆(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of Tang Dynasty in advance, which will make the class go smoothly．
毫无疑问你应该提前知道一些唐朝的历史，这会让你的课堂进展得很顺利。
Ⅰ写出下列句子所属的类型
1．My English is much better than before. I am very grateful for your help.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：主语＋系动词＋表语
2．I took an English exam yesterday, which I had prepared for two weeks.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：主语＋谓语＋宾语
3．An old man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：主语＋谓语
4．Fortunately, she promised me another chance to interview in the near future.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
5．As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补
Ⅱ按要求完成句子
1．玩电脑游戏将对我们的学习产生负面影响。(主＋谓＋宾)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：Playing computer games will have a negative effect on our study.
2．我将要告诉你有关我的家乡的一些事情。(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：I’ll tell you something about my hometown.
3．最近10 年，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(主＋谓)
________________________ in my hometown in the past ten years.
答案：Great changes have taken place
4．你一定要记住，早睡早起是个好习惯。(主＋系＋表)
You must remember that ______________________________________________．答案：going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit
5．你会发现英语是通往丰富知识的桥梁。(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)
You will ________________________ to so much knowledge.
答案：find English a bridge
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2019年高考英语听力-全国II卷原文-答案
2019 高考英语全国 II 卷听力原文 Text 1 W:Excuse me, how can I find the book called The Class of 1998? M:Oh, I'm afraid it was sold out. W:It's all right. Thank you! Text 2 M:How did your dancing lesson go today? W:Exciting! But it was hard work. I really need a rest now. M:Yeah, I can see that. Go and get relaxed. Text 3 M:How much is that in total? W:$100. But if you have a membership card, I can give a 20% discount. M:Great! This is my membership card. Text 4 M:Jane,I'm going out for a while. W:But you have an appointment with Mr. Douglas at 3 o'clock. M:Well,please make it another day. Text 5 W:David said he would quit his job at our school. M:Really? Why would he do that? W:His friend started a firm in London. She wanted David to help her. Text 6 W:I'm going out for shopping. Do you need anything? M:Oh,yeah.I can't find my umbrella. Can you buy one? W:Shouldn't it be in the cupboard? M:I just checked. It wasn't there. W:Impossible. That was where I usually put it. Did you check the balcony? M:Yes, of course, couldn't find it. Well, just get a new one then. Text 7 M:Hi,Lucy. How was your weekend? W:Great! You know, we went mountain climbing in the forest park. The air was so different from the city, cool and fresh. M: Sound great! W:Yeah, there wasn't a cloud in the sky and we could see from miles from the top. What about you? What did you do? M:Busy packing. W:Oh, yes, of course! I forgot you and Jenny are moving into a new hosue. It's on Wednesday, isn't it? M:Yeah, two days after. I didn't realize there are so many things to do. W:Can I help out with anything? M:Um,it would be nice if could take care of Henry for a couple of days. W:Henry? M:Yes,my dog. W:Oh,sure,no problem. You just focus on the move. Text 8 M:Hello, can I speak to Mr. Stone, please? W:Hello, but I'm afraid Mr. Stone is in a meeting until lunchtime. Can I take a message? M:Well, yes. I'd like to make an appointment to see him. It's Harrison White here. W:Just a second, Mr. White. I'll look in the diary. So...when is convenient for you? M:Sometime today, if possible. I hear he'll be away tomorrow. W:Yes, that's right. He'll be on a business trip for a week.
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例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. B. ￡9.18. C. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink.
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高考听力必备 一. SPELLING: 1. 名词 admission /air-conditioner /appliance/article attitude (比较拼写substitute v.) career /college /colleague /Christmas cafeteria 自助餐厅 dormitory/ definition enviro n ment facility gym=gymnasium/ gover n ment habit/ hobby lab=laboratory / licence=license/librarian restaurant/responsibility/refrigerator stationery/ signature/ secretary/ soldier suburb(郊区) writing 2. 形容词 academic/ aggressive benefi ci al(比较finan ci al财政的/ influen ti al有影响力的) commer ci al elementary初级的(intermediate中级的advanced高级的)
efficient(adj.) efficiency (n.) flexible imagine（v.+doing）→imaginary（虚构的） imaginative（想象力丰富的） imaginable（可想象的）(比较image n.形象) modern permanent (反义词temporary) ridiculous respectable(值得尊敬的)respectful(恭敬的)respective(分别的)) sensible/ sensitive/ simi lar（比较fami liar）substitute A for B/ A substitute for B =replace B with A technical /temporary/ true(truth (n.) truly (adv.)) valuable(有价值的)invaluable=priceless（无价的）valueless=worthless (没有价值的) 3.动词 expl ai n(比较expl a nation) guarantee occur r ed punish/ publish / 4.词组
2017高考英语听力真题(全国II卷)
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2017年高考英语全国卷3听力试题与录音原文
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。学/科网每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the woman do this afternoon? A. Do some exercise. B. Go shopping. C. Wash her clothes. 2. Why does the woman call the man? A. To cancel a flight. B. To make an apology. C. To put off a meeting. 3. How much more does David need for the car? A. $ 5,000. B. $20,000. C. $25,000. 4. What is Jane doing? A. Planning a tour. B. Calling her father. C. Asking for leave. 5. How does the man feel? A. Tired. B. Dizzy. C. Thirsty.
2018高考英语 全国二卷
英语 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(功5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5短对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.what does john find difficult in learning German? A.Pronunciation B.Vocabulay C.Grammar 2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Colleagues B.Brother and sister C.Teather and student 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank B. At a ticket coffee C. On the train
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3 What has the woma n decided to do On Sun day after noon? A To atte nd a weddi ng B To visit an exhibiti on C To meet a friend 4 When does the bank close on Sa turday? A At l: 00 pm B At 3: 00 pm C At 4: 00 pm 5 Where are the speakers? A In a store B In a classroom C At a hotel 第二节（共15小题;每小题1 5分，满分22 .5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What do we know about Nora? A She prefers a room of her own B She likes to work with other girls C She lives near the city center. 7 .What is good about the flat? A It has a large sitting room B It has good furniture C It has a big kitchen 听第7段材料，回答第& 9题。 8 Where has Barbara bee n? A Mila n
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2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I卷） 英语 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel.
2017高考英语全国卷2听力分析报告
2017年高考英语全国卷2听力分析报告2017年高考英语听力全国卷2全面考查了考生在语境中理解和获取信息的 能力。所选素材情境真实，贴近学生生活实际，体现了语言的真实性与交际性，考查点全面，题目设置灵活。整体难度适中，语音纯正，语速适当，保证了使用全国新课标2卷的公平公正性。 本套试卷的听力材料总词数约为945字，信息量略多于往年；灵活题个数比往年多，侧重于考查推理判断能力；听力主播是美音，女主播与去年不同；平均速度为155～165 wpm，比往年略快。今年全国卷２听力部分的难度略高于全国卷１。 ?材料话题贴近生活，情境真实 生活中的常见场景，符合英语交际性与应用性特征，符合听力真实的使用场景。 ?推理判断题占比较大 试题延续了近几年考纲的命题思路要求，要求考生听懂有关日常生活所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话，并能理解主旨要义，获取事实性的具体信息，对所听内 推断题所占比率较大，正好体现了2017年考试说明中规定：对话或者独白发生的场合、说话者的身份、说话者之间的关系等对理解话语含义起着非常重要作用，根据所听内容推断得出相关信息的能力是听力理解能力的重要构成部分。 ?从记忆到理解 从推断题所占比例可以看出，本套听力测试试图改变传统的以记忆为主的事实细节考查，更要求听者对输入的信息进行积极的加工处理，综合语言知识和非语言知识对所听内容进行推理判断。 1. 听懂言外之意 12. Why does Jim suggest Mary buy the book?
A. It’s sold at a discount price. B. It’s important for her study. C. It’s written by Professor Lee. Text 8 M: What’s that book you just picked up, Mary? W: The one Prof. Lee uses in his course. M: Oh, I see. You’d better have it if you want to pass that course. W: But it costs $30. I simply can’t afford it. M: Did you check the used book section here? Maybe they have it. … 男士为什么建议女士买那本书，材料中男士没有直接说“这本书对你的学习很重要，所要你得买”，而是说“如果你想通过这门课的考试，你最好买了它”。这里男士说话用的主语是“You”，答案中主语是‘It’。 16. What kind of hotel does Peter prefer? A. A big one. B. A quiet one. C. A modern one. Text 9 W: Hello? M: Hello, Stella. This is Peter. W: Hi, Peter. Fancy hearing your voice! How are you? M: Couldn’t be better. I’m planning a trip to Memphis with my family this summer. W: Great! I’d love to host you here. When are you coming? … W: Of course! It’s been ages since we met last time. Let’s have a dinner party in my garden. M: Lovely! Oh, could you find for us a hotel near where you live? It doesn’t have to be big, but I can’t stand noise at bedtime. W: Sure. M: Thank you. See you soon. 男士请求女士为他找一家旅馆，对旅馆的要求他首先说It doesn’t have to be big,接着他没有说but it must be quiet，而是从主语“我”的角度说I can’t stand noise at bedtime.。 19. Why should the students avoid mixing liquid with paper? A. It may cause a fire. B. It may create waste. C. It may produce pollution. Text 10 M: Hello, everyone. My name is John. I’m the teaching assistant for this lab session. Let me explain a little about it. …
高考英语全国卷1卷
绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标全国I卷） 英语试题 注意事项： 1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. What does the woman think of the movie? ’s amusing’s exciting’s disappointing 2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around at a school after her aunt 3. What are the speakers talking about?
(完整)2018年高考英语全国卷1听力试题及原文
2018年高考英语全国卷1听力试题 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man? A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call?
2016年全国3卷高考英语试题及答案
2016高考全国III卷英语 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A Music Opera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742. Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information. Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183. Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference).Big name shows all summer long! Phone:232-6220. 1. Which number should you call if you want to see an opera? A. 241-2742. B. 723-1182. C. 381-3300. D. 232-6220. 2. When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra? A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November. 3.Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards? A. Music Hall. B. Memorial Hall. C. Patricia Cobbett Theater. D. Riverbend Music Theater. 4. How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places? A. It has seats in the open air. B. It gives shows all year round. C. It offers membership discounts.
2019年高考英语全国1卷含答案
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket.
【解析】2018年《高考英语》全国1卷听力
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （全国Ⅰ卷）英语听力部分 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15. 答案是C。 1.What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2.What can we say about the woman? A.She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3.When does the train leave? A.At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4.How does the woman go to work?
A.By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。