第二外语学习与英语学习及汉语的互相影响——以德语作为第二外语为例

第二外语学习与英语学习及汉语的互相影响——以德语作为第二外语为例摘要：第二外语学习研究是一个相对较新的年轻领域。与此同时，却有越来越多的人参与到第二外语学习中来。目前，并没有关于第二外语学习的完整系统的理论体系，相关研究也相对较少。本论文主要以二语习得现有的语言迁移和中介语为理论基础，以词源学、词汇学基本知识为辅佐，探讨了第二外语学习中词汇与语际距离之间的关系。首先，问卷设计调查了英语为外语的学习者对第二外语学习的感受。其次，对英语、中文和德语（第二外语）进行了词汇水平上的对比分析。最后，从这些探究中得出结论，发现第二外语（德语）学习的效率和英语与德语之间语际距离的负相关性。

关键词：第二外语学习；语言迁移；中介语；语际距离

The Interaction among Second Foreign Language Learning, English and First Language---Take German as a Second Foreign Language as an Example Abstract: Study on second foreign language learning is a relatively new field. At the same time, more and more people start to learn a second foreign language. At present, there is no complete and systematic theory in this field. And few studies have been made relating to it. Based on the theories of language transfer and interlanguage in the Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and some basic knowledge of etymology and lexicology, this paper studies the relationship between vocabulary and language distance in the second foreign language learning. Questionnaires are designed first to know from EFL learners what their experiences are and then contrastive analysis on word level are made among English, Chinese and German (as a second foreign language). Finally, a conclusion has been drawn from findings that the effectiveness of learning second foreign language (German) has a negative correlation with the language distance between English and German.

Key words: second foreign language learning; language transfer; interlanguage; interlanguage distance

The Interaction among Second Foreign Language Learning, English and First Language---Take German as a Second Foreign Language as an Example

1. Introduction

With the rapid development of globalization, more and more Chinese people are

realizing the importance of learning a second foreign language besides English. As the biggest economic entity in Europe and an important political member in international society, Germany has built more trade connections with fast developing China. Therefore, more and more Chinese are studying German. However, few linguistic studies target on group of people who have fully acquired their first language (Chinese), have certain level of English, and are going to learn a second foreign language (German). Those groups of people have different English language proficiencies. Therefore, if we can make some research on the interaction among the second foreign language, English, and one’s first language, we will have some new ideas and findings in the second language acquisition, both theoretically and practically. Moreover, with the findings, we can provide language learners with more efficient study strategies.

Compared with the growing demand for the second foreign language study, the supply of the foreign language education in China is various in qualities. Not only universities provide foreign language classes for their English majors and other language majors as the second foreign language, some private education systems also give such kind of courses. Although the fad of learning a second foreign language and establishing education institutions can contribute to the nurturing of language talents, the system of study and evaluation and the supervision of education quality are still not established yet. So, the study on the interaction among the second foreign language, English, and our first language, will provide a theoretical base on the third language learning. And in turn, theories of third language learning, or theories of the second foreign language, will broaden the scale of language acquisition and give an extension to the second language acquisition.

In addition, the study of a second foreign language is compulsory for English majors. It has become a problem for English majors on how to choose a proper second foreign language and how to learn the second foreign language efficiently without intervening English. Therefore, for those special groups of English majors who are already good users of English, the study of the third language acquisition will tell them what influence will be when learning a third language. In this way, we can offer