主谓一致及倒装(基础讲解)
主谓一致和倒装
【真题再现】
1. Look, the set of keys on the teacher's desk. (2016 安顺)
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
2. —What are you going to do this weekend? (2016 咸宁)
— I together with my classmates going to climb Mount Qin.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. were
3. — I’m not going swimming this afternoon.(2016 宜宾)
— __________. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A. So am I.
B. So I am.
C. Neither am I.
D. Neither I am.
4.－I have read the book Sense and Sensibility. －________. (2016 黑龙江龙东地区)
A. So have I
B. Neither have I
C. So I have
5. —What _______ the number of the students in your school? (2016 泰安)
—About two thousand. A number of them _______ from the countryside.
A. is; are
B. is; is
C. are; is
D. are; are
6. Andy, you’d better not eat meat only. You should know milk and fruit _______ good for you.(2016 淮安)
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were.
7. There __________ a photo of my family in my purse.(2016 龙岩)
A. is
B. be
C. are
8. The traffic is moving very slowly as so many cars __________ on their way back to Shanghai.(2016 上海)
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. be
9．— __________ there any living things on other planets? (2017 广东)
— I have no ideas．Maybe we can know more about that in the future．
A．Is B．Are C．Has D．Have
10. Doing eye exercises ________ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.(2017 哈尔滨)
A．is B．are C．were
【答案与解析】
1. C。句意：看，这串钥匙在老师的桌子上。根据句意可知这句话的主语是the set of keys，强调的是一串钥匙，所以谓语动词用单数形式，所以选C。
2. B。本句意为：——这周你准备做什么？——我和我的同学去爬秦山。这里with my parents只是作为伴随成分，with sb.是作为伴随成分，不影响谓语动词的形式；主语为I，故答案选B。
3. C。句意：—今天下午我不打算去游泳。—我也不打算去，我不得不帮助妈妈做清洁。so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语：某某确实如此，与上文是同一人。so +主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词：某某人也如此，与上文不是同一人。上文是否定句，下文表示某某也不，用neither +助动词+主语。这些句式在时态，人称上与前一个句子相同。根据上句是否定句，故选C。
4. A。本题意为：——我已经读完了《理智与情感》这本书。——我也是；So have I我也是；Neither have I我也没有；So I have我确实是，故答案选A。
5. A。本题意为：——你学校有多少人？——大约两千人。他们中的大多数来自农村。the number of意为“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式，故第一空选is；a number of 意为“许多，一些”，后面通常接可数名词复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，所以第二空选are；答案为A。
6. B。本句意为：Andy，你最好不要只吃肉。你应该知道牛奶和水果对你有好处。两个或两个以上的人和物用连词and连接做主语时，谓语动词不用第三人称单数。本句为一般现在时，故答案选B。
7. A。本句句意为：在我钱包里有我家人的照片。本题考查there be句型，由空后的“a photo”可知本空应该为单数形式，故选A。
8. C。句意：车辆行驶非常缓慢，因为那么多汽车在回上海的路上。由空处前的cars可知谓语应用are，故答案为C项。
9. B。句意为：其他星球有没有生物呢?我不清楚。或许我们以后会对它了解更多。there be句型不能和have同时使用，故排除C、D两项。“living things”为复数，所以be动词应用复数，故选B。
10. A。句意：做眼保健操是保护眼睛的有效方法之一。动名词短语“Doing eye exercises”作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式，故选A。
【用法讲解】
考试要求：
从学英语开始就涉及主语和谓语的一致性，是英语学习及考查的基础，从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的问题，是中考试卷必考题目。主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词形式在人称和数上必须和句子的主语保持一致，叫主谓一致。这种关系一般要遵循三个原则：语法上一致的原则；意义上一致的原则和就近一致的原则。
倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，虽然初中英语涉及到的倒装句型不算太多，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。
1. 语法一致原则
谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。如：
The boy is clever enough to study maths well. 这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。Everybody in my class tries to do well in English. 我们班每个人都努力学好英语。
（1）下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：
1）不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Water is very important to the trees. 水对树来说非常重要。
2）动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：To improve your English is the most important work.
提高你的英语是最重要的工作。
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。
3）不定代词each，one，another，something，somebody，nothing，nobody，everyone，
everything，anyone，anything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：Somebody is waiting for at the gate. 有人在大门口等你。
Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只怕有心人。
4）如果句子的主语是单数，尽管后面有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except等引起的短语，谓语动词仍然用单数形式。
如：My mother with her students often has a picnic in a park.
我的妈妈经常和她的学生在公园里野餐。
5）固定短语one of ＋名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：One of the boys in our class goes to school by car.
我们班一个男孩坐小汽车上学。
6）固定短语the number of ＋复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：The number of students in our school is more than two thousand.
我们学校学生的数量超过二千。
（2）下面的情况谓语动词只能用复数：
1）and或both … and连接并列名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
如：He and his brother are both teachers. 他和他的哥哥都是老师。
2）both, all, few, several, many等修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：All his friends have come. 他的朋友都来了。
Many girls are fond of dancing. 许多女孩子都喜欢跳舞。
3）表示总称意义的名词，如：people, cattle, police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
如：The police are asking them questions. 警察正在询问他们一些问题。
Your clothes are very dirty. 你的衣服非常脏。
4）“the+形容词（或由分词演变而来的形容词）”作主语，表示“一类人”时谓语动词用复数。如：The rich are not always happy. 富人也不总是幸福的。
The wounded are still in hospital. 所有受伤的都在住院。
5）固定短语“a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
A number of students come from Sichuan.许多学生来自四川。
6）主语是表示两个相同的部分构成的物体的名词，如：clothes, trousers, shoes, boots, glasses (眼镜), socks, gloves, compasses等作主语，谓语动词用复数，但这些名词被this/a pair of修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Her shoes are green. 她的鞋子是绿色的。
This pair of shoes is very expensive. 这双鞋子非常昂贵。
（3）下列情况谓语动词可用单数也可用复数：
1）数词作主语且表“加减乘除”时，谓语动词通常用单数，但是也可用复数。如：
Nine and one is/ are ten. 九加一等于十。
Two times three is/ are six. 二乘以三等于六。
2）“none/neither of+代词/复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数，但在口语中也可用复数。如：
None of us knows/ know how to work out this problem.
我们中没有人知道如何解这个题。
Neither of you like/likes playing football. 你们两个都不喜欢踢足球。
3）一些集合名词，如family，class，group, team等作主语时，表示整体意义时，谓语动词用单数形式；当它们强调指个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：His family isn’t large. 他的家庭不大。（指家庭的整体）
His family were watching TV when I arrived.
当我到时，他的一家人正在看电视。(指具体的家庭成员）
2. 意义一致原则
（1）表示时间、距离、重量、长度和价值的名词，尽管是复数形式，作为一个整体来看待，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
如：Three weeks is already enough for you to finish the work.
三个星期对你们完成这个工作已经足够了。
（2）不定代词all, most, some 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代名词的数。如：Most of the apples were bad. 大部分苹果是烂的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a mouse. 这个苹果的大半被老鼠吃掉了。
（3）用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如：bread and butter(黄油抹面包)，knife and fork (刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink. 威士忌酒加苏打水是他最喜欢的饮料。
（4）不定数量的词组作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数。如：part of, a lot of, lots of, one of, a number of, plenty of 等。
如：A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
3. 就近一致原则：
（1）由连词either… or，neither…nor，not only… but also及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常与离它最近的主语保持一致。
如：Neither you nor your father is able to help me. 你和你爸爸都不能帮助我。
Either you or I go swimming with our father. 我或者你可以和爸爸一起去游泳。
（2）there be句型中，谓语动词be往往和后面的第一个主语取得一致。
如：There is a dictionary and some books on the desk.
桌上有一本词典和一些书。
4. 倒装句的概念:
英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序；另一种谓语的一部分或整个谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序，如英语的疑问句形式。在初中阶段倒装句一般都作为特殊句型来处理。
5. 初中接触过的倒装句型：
（1）so + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语
表示“……也是这样”，用于描述谓语所说情况也适用于另一个人或另一个事物，只能用在肯定句，注意上、下句所使用的动词的时态要一致。如：
You can ride a bike. So can I. 你会骑自行车，我也会。
He has been to Beijing. So have I. 他去过北京，我也去过。
Lin Ping was there last night. So was everyone else in my class.
林平昨晚在那里，我们班其他人昨晚也都在那里。
He saw the snake, and so did I. 他看见那条蛇了，我也看到了。
注意：
上句中前句谓语动词是行为动词，所以后句中要加助动词did。就像行为动词变疑问句一样，句子如果有be、助动词（如：have，will等）和情态动词（如：can，must等），就把这些词放在另一个主语前；如果没有，就要加do，does或did。
辨析：
so＋主语＋be/ 助动词/ 情态动词，此句型不是倒装句，只是单纯地重复前面一句的意思，表示“的确如此、就是这样”。如：
—My little brother can swim in the sea. 我的小弟弟能在大海里游泳。
—So he can. 的确如此。
—He gets up very early. 他起得真早。
—So he does. 确实很早。
（2）neither/ nor + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语
表示“……也不这样”。用法和句型so + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语一样，只是意义上表示否定。如：
The first one isn’t good, and neither is the second.
第一个不好，第二个也不好。
They didn’t come last night. Nor did I. 他们昨天晚上没有来，我也没有来。
（3）以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子。
为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。这时的主语必须是名词，主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。
如：Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
Here it comes. 它来了。
In came our teacher. 我们老师进来了。
Out rushed the boys. 男孩子们冲了出去。
（4）表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。
这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does或do。如：
Under a big tree sat a fat man, half asleep. 树下坐着一个胖男人，似乎睡着了。
（5）there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。
在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示“存在”的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie等动词代替be。如：
There came shouts for help from the river. 从河里传来了呼救声。
There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 房子前面是一大片麦田。
主谓一致,倒装
一．主谓一致（指主语和谓语动词在…人称?和…数?方面的一致关系。）主谓一致遵循以下三条原则（形合，意合，就近） 1．形合（主单→谓单；主复→谓复） ★1．由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数e.g. Both milk and coffee are on sale in Walmart supermarket. Ru Hua and Wang Xiaohu are a couple. ◆注：⑴and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念(and 后无冠词)，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. The teacher and writer has come. Bread and butter is the breakfast of the western people. and所连接的表示同一概念的短语有：a horse and cart马车, a knife and fork刀叉, bread and butter涂有黄油的面包 ⑵由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 e.g. In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. ★2. 用one, every one, each one, any one, each, either, neither 等+ of +复数名词/人称代词作主语时，谓语用单数。 e.g. Neither of his parents is a doctor. They are both teachers. Every one of the students is studying hard. ◆注：(1)“both of +复数名词/人称代词”作主语时，谓语用复数。Both of them are students. (2) none作主语时如果指人或可数的物，表数目，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；如果指不可数名词，表量，谓语动词用单数。e.g. None of that money on the table is mine. None of us is/are interested in your new subject. (3)在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 但在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the （only）、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only就用复数形式。 He was one of the students who were late for school . ★3. each, either, neither, another, the other 和由some, any, no, every + thing/ one/ body构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 e.g. There is something wrong with my computer. Everyone is ready for the big dinner. I have two sisters. One is a doctor, the other is a nurse. ◆注：each作同位语，谓语动词仍与主语一致。 They each have a book. ★4. 不定式/动名词（短语）作主语，谓语用单数。 e.g. Doing morning exercises is good for your health. To teach is to learn. 如果多个非谓语动词连在一起表达同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果表达不同概念，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. To work and to live are two different things but they are always together. ★5.all/most/ part /some/none/half/plenty/a lot/lots/the rest/分数/百分 数+of+ n. 等短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。此名词可数，则谓语用复数；此名词不可数，则谓语用单数。All of the work has been finished. Part of the work has been done by us . Let?s eat the food fi rst. The rest is going to be given to them. ★6. 成双成套的词如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors ，socks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 ◆注：如果这类名词前用了a pair /two pairs等修饰，则谓语与pair 的单复数一致。The shoes in the shop are beautiful. A pair of shoes was sold out this morning. ★7．由“a/this kind of, many kinds of”或…n. + of this kind?，以及由与kind 意义相似的type, sort 等词构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语与of前的名词保持一致。A kind of bird has been discovered by them.Machines of this kind are very useful. ★8. a number of后面加复数名词或代词，谓语用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 The number of the students in our school is over 20 thousand. A number of students are coming to our school to learn English. ★9. 倒装句中谓语单复数要看其后面的主语。 There comes the bus. Between the two buildings is a supermarket. ★10. 主语后面跟有with ，together with ，along with ，as well as ，but ,except, besides, like ，including, rather than, in addition to等引导的介词短语+其它名词时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The women with two children is my aunt . Everyone here, including children and old people, is for the plan. Mary, along with her boyfriend, goes climbing every Sunday. 2．意合（主语表单数概念→谓语单数；主语表复数概念→谓语复数） ★1. 主语表事物的总称，若指有生命的集合体，如people, police, staff，cattle, crew等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。The police are looking for the missing boy. 主语表事物的总称，若指无生命的集合体，如traffic, clothing, fruit, equipment等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 ★2. 复数形式、单数意义的名词作主语 (1)有些词形似复数，实为单数，其作主语时谓语用单数. 常见的有： 抽象名词news ，学科名词maths，physics ，politics，报纸、杂志名The New York Times,专有名词James, the United States等 The United States was founded in 1776. The New York Times sells well all over the United States . ◆但clothes, goods(货物), works(著作)，the Olympics等词或短语 作主语时，谓语用复数。 The Olympics are held every four years. (2) 表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词或短语作主语时，应将 它们看作一整体，谓语用单数。Ten years is a long time. Five million dollars is a lot of money. ★3. “the +形容词”表一类人（如the poor ，the rich ，the young，the old ，the dead ，the sick，the brave 等）作主语，谓语用复数； 1
主谓一致讲解
英语语法讲解——主谓一致 英语中,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式. 主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则.根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结: 一, 并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数. 如: A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里. 但如果在意义上指同一个人,同一件事或同一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式.如: A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针). 2. 当each ...and each..., every...and every..., no...and no..., many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.如: ①No man and no animal is to be found on the moo n. 在月球上没发现人和动物. ②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.
许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作. 3.一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词一般用复数.如: Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are s tudying. 古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程. 但如果表示的是同一概念时应用单数.如: The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课. 4. 由not only... but also ... , either...or ... , neither... nor... , ... or...连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常依就近一致原则决定.如: Either the players or the coach is responsible for the defeat. 不是运动员就是教练应该对这次比赛的失利负责. 5. 当主语由as well as, along with, together with, rathe r than, no less than（不少于，多达）, but, except, besides, in addition to, like, including等词连接时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定. 如: ①An iron and steal works, with some satellite factorie s is to be built here.
主谓一致知识点总结(word)
主谓一致知识点总结（word） 一、主谓一致 1．—Mum,____ofthe apples____gone bad. —We'd better eat up the rest as soon as possible. A．one third; have B．one thirds; have C．one third; has D．first three; has 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：-妈妈，三分之一的苹果已经坏了。-我们最好尽快吃了。在英语中的分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母要用复数形式。所以选A。 考点：考查分数及主谓一致。 2．Not only his friends but also he ________ always interested in science fiction. A．show B．shows C．are D．is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：不仅他的朋友，而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。考查主谓一致。not only…but also连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定，即就近原则，所以此处要根据he来确定谓语动词的形式；因为后面是interested in，所以用be interested in“对…感兴趣”，所以谓语动词用is；故答案选D。 3． students in our class going to the summer camp in Beijing next week. A．Two fifths; is B．Second fifths; are C．Second fifths; is D．Two fifths; are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们班五分之二的学生打算下周去北京参加夏令营。 表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，因此五分之二的表达应该是two fifths，排除B,C；分数后面的名词为复数名词students，根据主谓一致的原则，只能用are，故答案选D。 【点睛】
(完整word版)主谓一致 详解 超详细
1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。
九年级英语总复习(十三)主谓一致和倒装句
(十三)主谓一致和倒装句 主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，经常出现在近几年的中考试卷中。考查重点是主谓一致：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，其中语法一致原则和就近一致原则是历年的考查热点。从命题形式来看，主要以单项选择为主，在完形填空、句型转换和翻译句子中有时也会涉及此考点。预计2016年主要考查主谓一致的基本用法，there be句型是考查的重点；倒装句主要考查so与neither引导的倒装句。 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。 语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。就近一
致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。 ①语法一致原则 使用情况例句“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、 不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。The girl is fond of singing. To protect the environment is our duty. Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes. 表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。The students are having their math class. They have been to Qingdao twice. and连接主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形Eating vegetables and doing exercise are good for our health. The writer and teacher is coming. The writer and the teacher are coming.
主谓一致详解
Men of this kind/sort are dangerous. 10）复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means, works, species(种类), Chinese, Japanese等。当它们的前面有a, such a, this, that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。 11）如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。 All of my students work hard. All of the oil is gone. 12）在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如： Between the two windows hangs an oil painting. 2．由连接词连接的名词作主语。 1）用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。 Truth and honesty is the best policy. To love and to be loved is the great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. A knife and fork is on the table. 2）当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词 组时，采取“就远原则”。 3）以or, either … or, neither … nor, not only … but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。 3．代词作主语。 1）名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 Ours (Our Party) is a great Party. Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black. 2）such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。 Such is our plan. Such are his last words. 3）关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 4）疑问词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。 5）不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况： （A）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。Now all has been changed. All are present.（B）其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。Do (es) any of you know about the accident? None of us has (have) seen the film. 4．分数、量词作主语。
主谓一致讲解
主谓一致 一、以并列结构作主语的主谓一致 1．由and/ both… and连接的并列主语 1）Both Mr. Smith and his son (has, have) gone fishing. 2）Bread and eggs (is, are ) a good breakfast. The manager and secretary (is , are ) not here. 3) 当and 连接的名词词组有each, every 或many a等限定词时，随后的动词通常用单数。 e.g. Every girl and every boy in this room (is, are) studying hard. Many a boy (was, were) sad after seeing the film. 2.由or/ nor/ either… or/ neither…nor/ not only…but also连接的并列结构作主语，依据“就近原则” e.g. My sisters or my brother (is, are) likely to be at home. Either my father or my brothers (is, are ) coming. Not only he switches but also the old wire (has, have) been chagend. 3. 主语+ as much as/ rather than/ more than/ no less than/ as well as/ in addition to/ with/ along with/ together with/ except/ but 等引导的从属结构时，其后的动词取决于主语本身的形式e.g. Some of the workers as much as the manager (was, were) responsible for the loss. His brother rather than his parents (is, are) to blame. My wife, more than anyone else in the family (is, are ) eager to go there again. The father as well as his sons (is, are) going to the park tomorrow. No one except two girls(was, were) late for dinner. 二、数量概念名词作主语的主谓一致 1.表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 1）如被看做是一个整体，谓语动词用单数 如被看做是组成该数量的个体，谓语动词用复数 e.g. Six months (is, a re) too short a time. There (is ,are ) six coins in my pocket. 2) “分数/ 百分数+ of”的结构，谓语动词依of 后面的名词而定 e.g. Over sixty percent of the city (was, were) destroyed in the war. Thirty-five percent of the doctors (was, were ) women. 3)one in/ one out of +复数名词，谓语动词用单数 e.g. One in ten students (has, have) failed the exam. 4) 两数想减或相除，谓语动词用单数 两数相加或相乘，谓语动词单复数均可 e.g. Forty minus fifteen (leaves, leave) twenty-five.
未完 初三英语专项训练十三主谓一致和倒装句
2012年全国中考题组 1.How much ________ the pair of shoes? – Twenty dollars _________ enough. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are 2.–Leo, ___________no milk or eggs in the fridge.- Oh, I’ll go and buy some right away. A. it is B. there is C. there are 3.–There __________ a tiger and two chimpanzees in the zoo. Let’s go there this weekend. A. are B. is C. has D. have 4.In our school library, there _________ a number of books on science and the number of them ________ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. have; is 5.–My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. – Shall we go together? A. So am I B. So do I C. So I am D. So will I 6.–I heard Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday. - ______, and __________. A. So he did; so did I B. So did he; so I did C. So he was; so was I D. So was he; so I was 7. -Tom, I am watching football match. What about you? - __________. A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do D. So I am 8. Last Sunday my aunt __________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day. A. was B. were C. is D. are 9.The reading room ___________ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be 10.Everyone ________ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks 2010-2012年全国中考题组 1. Either Sam or Jane ________ TV now. A. were watching B. are watching C. is watching D. was watching 2. – It’s very hot, but quite wet today. - ____________.A. So is it B. It is so C. So it is D. So it does 3.One of my friends _______already moved to London.A. do B. does C. have D. has 4. Every student as well as some teachers who _________ to visit the museum __________ asked to be at the school gate before 7:30 in the morning.. A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are 5.The news ___________ very interesting! Tell me more!. A. is B. are C. were D .was 6.I hear one third os the books in Wuhu Library ________ new. Let's borrow some. A. is B. are C. was D. were 7. Not only my grandma but also all of us _______ looking forward to meeting my uncle . A. am B. is C. are 8. His father likes going hiking. ________. A. So does his mother B. So is his mother C. So his mother is D. So his mother does 9. Everyone except Tom and John ____________ seen the film. A. is B. has C. are D. have 10. - After reading the story about Jin jing, I was very ___________. - ____________. She's really brave.
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解
高中英语主谓一致知识点讲解 本文主要讲解主谓一致，并列结构作主语时谓语用复数主谓一致中的靠近原则谓语动词与前面的主语一致 等常见考点。 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。 There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。 2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如： Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。 Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组
主谓一致详解及其练习题
主谓一致详解及其练习 题 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
主谓一致 在英语学习中，主谓一致是重要的语法项目，也是高考热点之一。通过记住以下口诀，可以有效地帮助我们记忆关于主谓一致的一些规则。 口诀： 单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。 如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。 有些名词谓常复people, police即这般。 主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。 Or,nor,but also, there be近主原则挂嘴边。 不定式短语、动词-ing、主语从句谓全单。 时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见。 none,all, half of等，of之宾语定答案。 还有分数、百分数，仍据of之宾定复、单。 and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。 no, each,many a ,every 后单名，两件（种）事（物）系一概念，以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。 1．语法一致原则 主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 Mr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, is going to visit Beijing this summer. 史密斯先生和他的妻子、女儿们今年夏天将要一起参观北京。 I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame for the accident. 我认为是汤姆而不是你该为此事故负责任。 单句改错：A)The teacher with three students were doing an experiment. 答案：werr--was B)A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift. 答案：are--is 2．就近一致原则 (1)由or, either... or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also... 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。 Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. 你或者校长将在会上给有天分的学生颁发奖品。 (2)由there, here引导的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。There is a pencil and two pens in the pencil-box. 文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。 单句改错：A) Either you or the headmaster are to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. 答案：are--is B)There are a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. 答案：are--is 3．意义一致原则 (1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体), 谓语动词用单数。 A needle and thread was given to her, but she could not sew the button on. 针线给了她，但她不会把纽扣缝上。 单句改错： A).The professor and writer are speaking at the meeting. 答案：are---is B).War and peace are a constant theme in history. 答案：are--is (2)“no/each/every/many a ＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉