土木工程专业英语试题
土木工程专业英语试题 The document was finally revised on 2021
一、选择填空20%
1. Between the buildings （ B ）a secondary school.
A. stand
B. stands
C. to stand
D. standing
2. Neither I nor he （ B ） fond of music.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. were
laws that （ A ）how the buildings maybe made are building codes.
A. tell
B. ells
C. told
D. telling
is expensive （ C ）future cities on the sea.
A build B. built C. to build D. builds
（ A ）cements are widely used on the construction site.
production of steel has been increased （ B）70%.
’s discuss only such questions （ C ）concern everyone of us.
has to know（ D ）strong the materials are.
A. that D. how
Great Wall of China is the biggest structure（ A ）man has ever built.
10. （ B ）you go, you can see many buildings.
are looking forward to （ C） from you soon.
D. hears
yuan （ A ）too cheap for the dictionary.
been
should aim at combining beauty and comfort （ C ）a welcoming friendliness.
can see an engineer （ A ）a device in the picture.
are studying at college,（ B ）.
do we are we are so do so
16. （ C ）of the English films are familiar to me. I’ve never seen them before.
the garden is big, some floodlights can be （ A ）
your shop （B）rebar
’s our duty to （ A ）the specification .
with
bigger quantity you order, ( A ).
A. the lower price you will be offered
B. the low price you will be offered
C. you will be offered lower price
D. you will be offer low
二、词组互译20%
1．小区规范 ( zoning codes) 2.钢筋混凝土 (reinforced concrete)
3.供热设备 (the heating system)
4.人工费 (labor cost)
5.工艺 (workmanship)
6.铸铁管 (cast iron pipe)
7.承包商 (contractor) 8.土木工程 (the civil engineering)
9.工程量清单 (the bill of quantities) 10.建筑师 (architect) (三脚架) system (照明系统)
safety program (工地安全方案) assurance (质量保证)
guarantees (银行担保) cost (材料费)
staff (技术人员) layout of the rooms (房屋布局)
planning rules (城市规划) automation system (办公自动系统) 三、选词填空10%
( minimum \ insurance \ as well \ vary \ serve \
support \ apply \ foundation \ spread \ protect…from )
1. Foreign language can ( serveas )a tool.
2. We have to ( support ) the roof with pillars.
3. Roofs( vary ) in shape from place to place.
4. They are trying to achieve the maximum of efficiency with the ( minimum ) of labor.
5. He has found a suitable piece of land and an experienced builder ( as well ).
6. As he bought the fire( insurance ), he didn’t suffer severely from the great fire.
7. As indicated the ( foundation )are bases of the building, which play an important part in construction.
8. We should ( apply ) theory to practice.
9. The disease( is spreadby )flies.
We should ( protect )our plants ( from ) the cold.
四．翻译句子（30％）
1. Materials used for doors and window frames are timber,
iron and aluminum alloys. ( 用于门、窗框的材料可以是木材、铁、铝合金。)
2. Steel and concrete are the most widely used structural materials today. ( 钢和混凝土是当前广泛使用的结构材料。 )
3. The Letter of Agreement is a promise of the Contractor to the Employer.( 协议书是承包商对业主的承诺。)
4. Each unit price should include material cost, labour cost and machine cost.( 每个单价应包括材料费、人工费、机械费。)
5. Now the popular interest in investment is infrastructure and housing development projects. ( 现在的投资热点是基础设施工程和住宅开发工程。)
6. Style of lamps should match other decoration. ( 灯的样式应与其他装饰相一致。)
7. The light fixtures should be functional as well as decorative.(灯具应既体观功能又具有装饰性。)
8. We cannot expect a stable superstructure without a solid foundation.( 没有牢固的基础，难以想象会有稳定的上部结构。 ) 9. Construction is the translation of a design to
reality.( 施工就是把设计变为现实。)
10. We supply rebar with various diameters and strength.( 我们销售不同的直径和强度的钢筋。 ) saw some workers working in the site.( 我看到工人们在工地干活。)
12. To translate this idea into reality needs hard work.( 把这一想法变为现实需要艰苦的劳动。)
13. It is the individual touch that makes a house a home.( 将房屋布置成个家，各人有各人的做法。)
14. The manager found the project much behind the
schedule.( 经理发现工程进度落后于计划进度。)
15. All kinds of electric equipment are installed in modern homes.( 现代住宅中装有各种电器设备。 )
五．阅读理解（20％）
（一）．
Shelter from the natural elements is a basic need. Early people met this need by dwelling in caves and then their descendants began to construct buildings. An ancient building material, timber, is still being used in house building. Improved techniques now overcome many of its weaknesses. The strength of timber is different along and across the grain. Multiple layers are bonded by adhesives to make the grain run in various directions. Durability is improved by better methods of preservation and improved timber does not burn easily. Devices for joining timber structures have also been improved and they spread the applied load over a wide area. More extensively it is used for joists, rafters, window frames, doors and floors. Timber also has appeal for conservationists because it is can plant more trees and manufacture the timber into a usable form. It involves no pollution of the environment.
Clay is used in the form of bricks and tiles. The great advantage of brick construction is its low cost. Clay is cheap and plentiful, and bricks are small enough to be laid easily by is strong and durable. In many respects, it is an ideal building material. However, it is difficult to handle. Stones must be cut from the solid rock in a quarry for use in a large building. All this labor makes stone very expensive and difficult to work with. Stone is used today mainly as a thin outside covering for large buildings and for the decorative walls and floors of entrance other kinds of materials besides the basic structural materials are needed for a building. Concrete, steel, glass, alloys, plastics, adhesives and pitch are among them.
判断对错
1. There is little room for improvement in the building material. F
2. Trees can not pollute the environment. T
3. Bricks are made of clay. T
4. Stone is as cheap as bricks. F
5. There are many kinds of building materials. T
（二）
To cure concrete properly, the exposed surfaces must be kept continually moist form the moment the concrete first begins to set. The concrete must thereafter be kept continually moist for a minimum of 14 days and longer if at all possible. The simplest method of keeping concrete moist is to spray the surface with water at frequent intervals (频繁地). Sand or burlap（麻袋片） can be spread over the surface to help
retain moisture. A covering is necessary, in any case, for the first 3 days after placing to protect the concrete from the direct rays（光线） of the sun.
Special curing compounds （养护剂）can also be sprayed on the concrete. The spraying should take place as soon as the surface of the concrete has lost its watery appearance. Properly applied, a curing compound will allow the concrete to continue curing even after the concrete has been placed in service, as with a concrete highway, for example. Spraying on a curing compound is often the only practical method of curing concrete that has been poured into an unusual shape.
A third method of curing concrete is to spread a sheet of polyethylene film or building paper over the surface of the concrete. The polyethylene or building paper should overlap
the sides of the exposed concrete. This covering must remain on top of the concrete for the entire curing period.
1. According to the passage, all the exposed surfaces of the concrete must be kept moist, ( B ).
A. after the concrete has set
B. as soon as the concrete begins to set
C. whenever the concrete is placed
D. before the concrete is placed
2. The concrete must thereafter be kept continually moist for ( A ).
A. at least 14 days
B. only 14 days
C. about 14 days
D. less than 14 days
3. To keep concrete moist, ( C ).
A. we can only spread some sand or burlap over the surface.
B. we spray (喷)some water over the surface.
C. we should spray water on the surface frequently.
D. we should spray water mixed with sand over the surface.
4. After the concrete is placed, ( B )
A. it should be covered for a long time.
B. it must be covered to avoid the strong sun light.
C. it should be covered for 3 days.
D. it may be covered for the first 3 days if possible.
5. Special curing compounds ( B )
A. can only be used from the moment to concrete first begins to set.
B. can be used even after the concrete has been placed in service.
C. can always be used on the concrete highway.
D. can be sprayed on anything.
最新土木工程专业英语期末复习题
《专业英语》复习题 一、选择题 1.civil engineering dealt with permanent structures for (civilian) use, whereas military engineering dealt with temporary structures for military use 2.attention must (be paid to) the working temperature of the machine. 3.diplomatic relations (have been established) between china and the united states of America 4.a direct current is a current (flowing) always in the same direction. 5.it’s our duty to (comply with) the specification. 6.dose your shop (supply) rebar ? 7.neither I nor he (is) fond of music. 8.the (above-mentioned)cements(水泥) are widely used on the construction site. 9.the production of steel has been increased (by) 70%. 10.i f the garden is big, some floodlights can be (installed). 11.(wherever) you go, you can see many buildings. 12.d ams, (bridge), water supply systems, and other large projects ordinarily employ several engineers to work together. 13.the bigger quantity you order,(the lower until cost you will be offered). 14.i n modern road constructions, powerful modern machines are
土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握 第一部分： 1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法 2 专业英语Specialty English 3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering 4 土木工程Civil Engineering 5 地下工程Underground Engineering 6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering 7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering 8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering 9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering 10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics 11 交通工程Traffic Engineering 12 港口工程Port Engineering 13 安全性safety 17木结构timber structure 18 砌体结构masonry structure 19 混凝土结构concrete structure 20 钢结构steelstructure 21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure 22 素混凝土plain concrete 23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 24 钢筋rebar 25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete 26 静定结构statically determinate structure 27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure 28 桁架结构truss structure 29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure 30 近海工程offshore engineering 31 静力学statics 32运动学kinematics 33 动力学dynamics 34 简支梁simply supported beam 35 固定支座fixed bearing 36弹性力学elasticity 37 塑性力学plasticity 38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity 39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics 40 土力学soil mechanics 41 水力学hydraulics 42 流体力学fluid mechanics 43 固体力学solid mechanics 44 集中力concentrated force 45 压力pressure 46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure 47 均布压力uniform pressure 48 体力body force 49 重力gravity 50 线荷载line load 51 弯矩bending moment 52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress 54 应变stain 55 正应力normal stress 56 剪应力shearing stress 57 主应力principal stress 58 变形deformation 59 内力internal force 60 偏移量挠度deflection 61 settlement 沉降 62 屈曲失稳buckle 63 轴力axial force 64 允许应力allowable stress 65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis 66 梁beam 67 壳shell 68 板plate 69 桥bridge 70 桩pile 71 主动土压力active earth pressure 72 被动土压力passive earth pressure 73 承载力load-bearing capacity 74 水位water Height 75 位移displacement 76 结构力学structural mechanics 77 材料力学material mechanics 78 经纬仪altometer 79 水准仪level 80 学科discipline 81 子学科sub-discipline 82 期刊journal ,periodical 83文献literature 84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号 85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号 86 卷volume 87 期number 88 专着monograph 89 会议论文集Proceeding 90 学位论文thesis, dissertation 91 专利patent 92 档案档案室archive 93 国际学术会议conference 94 导师advisor 95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis 96 博士研究生doctorate student 97 研究生postgraduate 98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引 99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引 100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引 101 题目title 102 摘要abstract 103 全文full-text 104 参考文献reference 105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation 106 主题词Subject 107 关键字keyword 108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会 109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署
(完整版)土木工程专业英语常用词汇
Part IV：Commonly Used Professional Terms of Civil Engineering development organization 建设单位 design organization 设计单位 construction organization 施工单位 reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 pile 桩 steel structure 钢结构 aluminium alloy 铝合金 masonry 砌体（工程）reinforced ~ 配筋砌体load-bearing ~ 承重砌体unreinforced ~非配筋砌体 permissible stress (allowable stress) 容许应力plywood 胶合板 retaining wall 挡土墙 finish 装修 finishing material装修材料 ventilation 通风 natural ~ 自然通风 mechanical ~ 机械通风 diaphragm wall (continuous concrete wall) 地下连续墙 villa 别墅 moment of inertia 惯性矩 torque 扭矩 stress 应力normal ~ 法向应力shear ~ 剪应力 strain 应变 age hardening 时效硬化 air-conditioning system空调系统 (air) void ration（土）空隙比 albery壁厨，壁龛 a l mery壁厨，贮藏室 anchorage length锚固长度 antiseismic joint 防震缝 architectural appearance 建筑外观 architectural area 建筑面积 architectural design 建筑设计 fiashing 泛水 workability (placeability) 和易性 safety glass安全玻璃 tempered glass (reinforced glass) 钢化玻璃foamed glass泡沫玻璃 asphalt沥青 felt (malthoid) 油毡 riveted connection 铆接 welding焊接 screwed connection 螺栓连接 oakum 麻刀，麻丝 tee三通管 tap存水弯 esthetics美学 formwork 模板（工程） shoring 支撑 batching 配料 slipform construction (slipforming) 滑模施工 lfit-slab construction 升板法施工 mass concrete 大体积混凝土 terrazzo水磨石 construction joint 施工缝 honeycomb蜂窝，空洞，麻面 piled foundation桩基 deep foundation 深基础 shallow foundation浅基础 foundation depth基础埋深 pad foundation独立基础 strip foundation 条形基础 raft foundation筏基 box foundation箱形基础 BSMT=basement 地下室 lift 电梯electric elevator lift well电梯井 escalator 自动扶梯 Poisson’s ratio 泊松比μ Young’s modulus , modulus of elasticity 杨氏模量，弹性模量E safety coefficient 安全系数 fatigue failure 疲劳破坏 bearing capacity of foundations 地基承载力bearing capacity of a pile 单桩承载力 two-way-reinforcement 双向配筋 reinforced concrete two-way slabs钢筋混凝土双向板 single way slab单向板 window blind 窗帘sun blind wind load 风荷载 curing 养护 watertight concrete 防水混凝土 white cement白水泥 separating of concrete混凝土离折segregation of concrete mortar 砂浆~ joint 灰缝 pilaster 壁柱 fire rating耐火等级 fire brick 耐火砖 standard brick标准砖
土木工程专业英语
non-destructive test 非破损检验 non-load—bearingwall 非承重墙 non—uniform cross—section beam 变截面粱 non—uniformly distributed strain coefficient of longitudinal tensile reinforcement 纵向受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数 normal concrete 普通混凝土 normal section 正截面 notch and tooth joint 齿连接 number of sampling 抽样数量 O obligue section 斜截面 oblique—angle fillet weld 斜角角焊缝 one—way reinforced(or prestressed)concrete slab “单向板” open web roof truss 空腹屋架， ordinary concrete 普通混凝土(28) ordinary steel bar 普通钢筋(29) orthogonal fillet weld 直角角焊缝(61) outstanding width of flange 翼缘板外伸宽度(57) outstanding width of stiffener 加劲肋外伸宽度(57) over-all stability reduction coefficient of steel beam·钢梁整体稳定系数(58) overlap 焊瘤(62) overturning or slip resistance analysis 抗倾覆、滑移验算(10) P padding plate 垫板(52) partial penetrated butt weld 不焊透对接焊缝(61) partition 非承重墙(7) penetrated butt weld 透焊对接焊缝(60) percentage of reinforcement 配筋率(34) perforated brick 多孔砖(43) pilastered wall 带壁柱墙(42) pit·凹坑(62) pith 髓心(?o) plain concrete structure 素混凝土结构(24) plane hypothesis 平截面假定(32) plane structure 平面结构(11) plane trussed lattice grids 平面桁架系网架(5) plank 板材(65) plastic adaption coefficient of cross—section 截面塑性发展系数(58) plastic design of steel structure 钢结构塑性设计(56) plastic hinge·塑性铰(13) plastlcity coefficient of reinforced concrete member in tensile zone 受拉区混凝土塑性影响系数
土木工程专业英语原文及翻译
土木工程专业英语原文 及翻译 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
08 级土木(1) 班课程考试试卷 考试科目专业英语 考试时间 学生姓名 所在院系土木学院 任课教师 徐州工程学院印制 Stability of Slopes Introduction Translational slips tend to occur where the adjacent stratum is at a relatively shallow depth below the surface of the slope:the failure surface tends to be plane and roughly parallel to the slips usually occur where the adjacent stratum is at greater depth，the failure surface consisting of curved and plane sections． In practice, limiting equilibrium methods are used in the analysis of slope stability. It is considered that failure is on the point of occurring along an assumed or a known failure surface．The shear strength required to maintain a condition of limiting equilibrium is compared with the available shear strength of the soil，giving the average factor of safety along the failure surface．The problem is considered in two dimensions，conditions of plane strain being assumed．It has been shown that a two-dimensional analysis gives a conservative result for a failure on a three-dimensional(dish-shaped) surface． Analysis for the Case of φu =0 This analysis, in terms of total stress，covers the case of a fully saturated clay under undrained conditions, . For the condition immediately after construction．Only moment equilibrium is considered in the analysis．In section, the potential failure surface is assumed to be a circular arc. A trial failure surface(centre O，radius r and length L a where F is the factor of safety with respect to shear strength．Equating moments about O：
土木工程专业英语考试题集电子教案
精品文档 精品文档 一单元 [1.4] Hydraulic engineering is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids,principally water ．整句的意思是：水利工程主要涉及流体的流动和传输，尤其是水 的流动和传输。 [1.5] As construction firms tend to have higher business risk than other types‘of civil engmeenng ． firms ．manY construction engineers tend to take on a role that is more business 。like in nature ：drafiing and reviewing contracts ，evaluating logistical operations ，and cl osely 。monitoring pnces of necessary supplies 。 整体的意思是：由于建筑公司比其他类型的民用建筑公司往往承担更高的商业风险，许多建筑工程师往往会本能地扮演一种公事公办的角色：起草和修改合同、评估后勤的运作、严密监控必需供应品的价格等。 结构工程 structural engineering 岩土工程 geotechnical engineering 水利工程 hydraulic engineering 海岸工程 coastal engineering 环境工程 environmental engineering 施工工程 construction engineering 6段 Its charter defined civil engineering as the art of directing the great sources of power in nature for the use and convenience of man ,as the means of production and of traffic in states, both for external and internal trade, as applied in the construction of roads, bridges, aqueducts, canals, river nanvigation and docks for internal intercourse and exchang, and in the construction of ports, harbours, moles, breakwaters and lighthouses and in the art of navigation by artificial power for the purposes of commerce, and in the construction and application of machinery, and in the drainage of cities and towns. 把民用工程定义为直接为人类的使用和便利的自然界的伟大力量的来源的艺术，也定义为在各国的生产资料和交通手段，包括外部和内部的贸易，如为内部往来和交易为目的的道路，桥梁，沟渠，运河、航运和码头的建设中的应用，在港口、码头、防浪堤、防波堤和灯塔的建设中的应用，在以商业为目的的人工航运的应用，在建筑和机械以及城镇排水系统中应用的。 二单元 [1]In many countries the ratio of concrete consumption to steel consumption exceeds ten to one.在许多国家,水泥消费与钢铁消费的比例已经超过了十比一. [2]Therefore,the selection and proportioning of materials for the concrete mixture was governed primarily by consid eration of the spread of construction by slip-forming and durability of hard ened concrete to the hostil e environment.所以,混凝土材料和配比的选择主要考虑滑模施工速度的影响,以及不利环境中坚硬混凝土耐久性的影响. [3]Depe nding on the components’ transportation cost, in certain geographical locations the price of concrete may be as high as U.S. 75 to $100 per cubic meter, at other it may be as low as U.S. $60 to $70 per cubic meter. 根据材料的运输成本,在某些特定地区,水泥的价格会高达每立方米75至100美元,而在其他地方则会低至每立方米60至70美元. [4]Since an adequate concrete cover on reinforcement or tendons is required for structural integrity in reinforced and prestressed concrete structures, the protection against failure due to excessive heat is provid ed at the same time. 由于在钢筋混凝土和预应力钢筋混凝土结构中,要求有一个足够结实的混凝土封面来确保建筑的一体性,所以,同时还要求必须提供因温度过高而导致失败的保护措施. 三单元 3.1.1 The placement location of the steel reinforcement within the concrete is specified by the concrete cover, which is the clear distance between the surface of the concrete and the reinforcement. 混凝土中加固钢筋的布置要根据混凝土覆盖层的具体情况决定，混凝土覆盖层和加固钢筋之间应保持有条理的间距。 3.1.2To construct concrete structures of even greater structural strength, very high-strength steel such as Grade 270 strands, may be used instead of Grade 60 reinforcement bars. 要建造更为坚固的混凝土结构，就要使用强度非常高的钢筋，例如，要使用270号得加固钢筋，而不是60号得。 3.1.3Therefore,designs that replicate member sizes and simplify reinforcement placement to result in easier and faster construction will usually result in being more economical than a design that achieves minimum material quantities. 因此，那些复制了构件尺寸和简化钢筋位置的设计能促使更容易更快捷的建设，这样的建设通常会比那些只能获得最小量材料的设计显得更经济 3.1.4The final design will generally be conservative even though the analysis does not refl ect the actual nonlinear structural behavior because member design is based on ultimate strength design and the ductility of reinforced concrete enable force redistributions. 最终的设计通常是保守的，即使这种分析没有表现出实际上的非线性结构行为，但因为构件设计是建立在极限强度基础之上，而且钢筋混凝土的延展性又使强度进行了重新分配。 力矩： moment 轴力：axial force 剪力：shear force 扭矩：torsion 构件：member 内力：internal force 混凝土隔板：concrete diaphragm 3.3what design criteria is for reinforced concrete ？ Safety 、Aesthetics 、functional requirement 、economy 。 第六单元 6-1 The vertical l egs and the horizontal links are themselves frames with large dimensions in the plane of the frame. 垂直支架和水平连接的自身就是在一个平面结构上拥有巨大尺寸的框架结构 6-2 the corner truss legs need strong horizontal connections at frequent modular intervals to make them function together like an equival ent cantil ever 为了使角落桁架支柱的功能等效于等效悬臂，它需要强有力的有频繁模块化间隔的横向连接来保证 6-3 the aerodynamic behaviour was greatly assisted by the apertures which reduced the cross-wind accelerations and forces due to vortex shed ding by as much as 25% 由于涡脱落多达25％从而降低了风切变加速度和力的孔大大增强了空气动力性能。 6-4 this framing resulted from the concept of a tetrahedral framed solid form where all the non-essential el ements were eliminated to create the tube and the external shaping of it 这个框架源于一个四面体框架固体状的概念，这种框架形式的所有的非基本要素被淘汰来创造管与它的外部塑造。 第七单元 7.1Design process involves the selection and or detailing of the components that make up the structural system . 设计过程包括组成结构系统元件的选择和细节设计。 7.2Two components of reaction are d eveloped in hinged support and three reaction component , one moment and two forces parallel to horizontal and vertical axis are developed in fixed support . 铰支座产生2中构件反作用力，固定支座能产生3中反作用力，即1个弯矩，以及两种分别与水平轴和纵轴平行的力。 7.3Structural analysis comprises the set of physical laws and mathematics required to study and predict the behavior of structures . The subjects of structural analysis are
土木工程专业英语词汇汇总
A Type Wooden Ladder A字木梯 A-frame A型骨架 A-truss A型构架 Abandon 废弃 Abandoned well 废井 Aberration of needle 磁针偏差Abnormal pressure 异常压力abnormally high pressure 异常高压Abort 中止 abrasion 磨损 Abrasion surface 浪蚀面 abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机Abrasive Cutting Wheel 拮碟abrasive grinding machine 研磨机Abrasive Grinding Wheel 磨碟abrasive particle 磨料颗粒 Absolute address 绝对地址Absolute altitude 绝对高度Absolute damping 绝对阻尼Absolute deviation 绝对偏差Absolute flying height 绝对航高Absolute gravity 绝对重力 absolute permeability 绝对渗透率absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率absolute temperature 绝对温度absorbability 吸收性；吸附性absorption 吸收 abutment 桥墩 abutting end 邻接端 acceleration 加速 acceleration lane 加速车道Acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration pedal 加速器踏板accelerator 催凝剂；加速器；催化剂acceptance criteria 接受准则 access 通路；通道 access door 检修门；通道门access lane 进出路径 access panel 检修门 access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜通道access road 通路；通道 access shaft 竖井通道 access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯 access step 出入口踏步 access tunnel 隧道通道 accessible roof 可到达的屋顶accessory 附件；配件accident 事故；意外 accidental collapse 意外坍塌 accommodate 装设；容纳 accredited private laboratory 认可的私 人实验室 accumulator 储压器；蓄电池 accuracy limit 精度限制 acetylene cylinder 乙炔圆筒 Acetylene Hose 煤喉 Acetylene Regulator 煤表 acid plant 酸洗设备；酸洗机 acid pump 酸液泵 acid tank 酸液缸 acidic rock 酸性岩 acoustic couplant 声耦合剂 acoustic coupler 声音藕合器；音效藕 合器 acoustic lining 隔音板 acoustic screen 隔声屏 Acoustic wave 声波 acrylic paint 丙烯漆料(压克力的油漆) acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(压克力的胶片) active corrosion 活性腐蚀 active earth pressure 主动土压力 active fault 活断层 active oxidation 活性氧化 actual plot ratio 实际地积比率 actuator 促动器；唧筒；激发器 adapt 改装 adaptor 适配器；承接器；转接器； addition 增设；加建 additional building works 增补建筑工 程 additional horizontal force 额外横向力 additional plan 增补图则(附加的平面 图) additional vent 加设通风口 additive 添加剂 Address 地址 adhesive 黏结剂；胶黏剂 adhesive force 附着力 Adhesive Glue 万能胶 Adhesive Reflective Warning Tape 反 光警告贴纸 adit 入口；通路；坑道口 adjacent construction 相邻建造物 adjacent level 相邻水平 adjacent site 相邻基地 adjacent street 相邻街道 adjoining area 毗邻地区 adjoining building 毗邻建筑物 adjoining land 毗邻土地 adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物 adjustable 可调校 Adjustable Wrench Spanner 昔士 adjuster 调节器 adjustment 调校；调整 Administrative Lawsuit 行政诉讼 Administrative Remedy 行政救济 admixture 掺合剂；外加剂 advance directional sign 前置指路标 志；方向预告标志 advance earthworks 前期土方工程 advance warning sign 前置警告标志 advance works 前期工程 aeration 曝气 aeration tank 曝气池 aerial 天线 Aerial mapping 航空测图 aerial photograph 航测照片 Aerial photography 航照定位 aerial rapid transit system 高架快速运 输系统 aerial ropeway 高架缆车系统 aerial view 鸟瞰图 aerofoil 翼型 aerosol 悬浮微粒；喷雾 aerosphere 大气圈 affix 贴附 aftercooler 后冷却器 afterfilter 后过滤器 aftershock 余震 agent 作用剂；代理人 aggradation 堆积 aggregate 骨材；集料；碎石 aggregate area 总面积 aggregate grading 骨材级配 aggregate superficial area 表面总面积 aggregate usable floor space 总楼地板 空间 agitator 搅拌器；搅动机 air bleeding 放气(空气渗出) air blower 鼓风机 air brake 气压制动器 Air chambor 气室 air circuit 空气回路 air circuit breaker 空气断路器 air cleaner 空气滤清器
土木工程专业英语试题
一、选择填空20% 1. Between the buildings （ B ）a secondary school. A. stand B. stands C. to stand D. standing 2. Neither I nor he （ B ） fond of music. A. am B. is C. are D. were 3.The laws that （ A ）how the buildings maybe made are building codes. A. tell B. ells C. told D. telling 4.It is expensive （ C ）future cities on the sea. A build B. built C. to build D. builds 5.The（ A ）cements are widely used on the construction site. A.above-mentioned B.above-mentioning C.above-mention D.above-mentions 6.The production of steel has been increased （ B）70%. A.in B.by C.at D.on 7.Let’s discuss only such questions （ C ）concern everyone of us. A.which B.that C.as D.those 8.He has to know（ D ）strong the materials are. A. that B.what C.which D. how 9.The Great Wall of China is the biggest structure（ A ）man has ever built.
土木工程专业英语全部惠宽堂
Lesson 1 Compression Members New Words 1. achieve achievement 2. eccentricity center, 中心; ec centric 偏心的；ec centricity 偏心，偏心距 3. inevitable evitable 可避免的avoidable; in evitable 不可避免的unavoidable 4. truss 桁架triangular truss, roof truss, truss bridge 5. bracing brace 支柱，支撑；bracing, 支撑，撑杆 6. slender 细长，苗条；stout; slenderness 7. buckle 压曲，屈曲；buckling load 8. stocky stout 9. convincingly convince, convincing, convincingly 10. stub 树桩，短而粗的东西；stub column 短柱 11. curvature 曲率；curve, curvature 12. detractor detract draw or take away; divert; belittle，贬低，诽谤； 13. convince 14. argument dispute, debate, quarrel, reason, 论据（理由） 15. crookedness crook 钩状物，v弯曲，crooked 弯曲的 16. provision 规定，条款 Phrases and Expressions 1. compression member 2. bending moment shear force, axial force 3. call upon (on) 要求，请求，需要 4. critical buckling load 临界屈曲荷载critical 关键的，临界的 5. cross-sectional area 6. radius of gyration 回转半径gyration 7. slenderness ratio 长细比 8. tangent modulus 切线模量 9. stub column 短柱 10. trial-and-error approach 试算法 11. empirical formula 经验公式empirical 经验的 12. residual stress 残余应力residual 13. hot-rolled shape 热轧型钢hot-rolled bar 14. lower bound 下限upper bound 上限 16. effective length 计算长度