八年级动词不定式讲课教案
八年级动词不定式
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一、动词不定式的用法
否定形式：not + to + 动词原形构成
1） 作主语 常用句型：It is adj. to do sth.
To learn English well is not easy. 或 It is not easy to learn English well.
2）作表语(放在be 动词后) My wish is to become a teacher.
3）作宾语（①及物动词后）Most of us like to watch football matches.
①及物动词后
决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事 want ∕ would like to do sth. 想做某事
plan to do sth. 计划做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事
be used to do 被用来做某事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 can ’t wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事 make up one ’s mind to do 下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事
②特殊疑问词后
He doesn ’t know how to use the machine. (不定式作宾语)
4）作宾语补足语 He told me to be here on time.
① 带to 类
请求与命令 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事 warn sb. to do sth. 告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ②省略to 类
make/let/have sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事
see/watch/hear/notice sb. do sth.
注意两种用法得区分：
see sb. doing/ do sth. hear sb. doing/ do sth.
watch sb. doing/ do sth. notice sb. doing/ do sth.
had better （not ）do sth. 最好(不)做… help sb.（to ）do sth
why not /why don ’t you do sth.为什么不做…? 表达向某人提出建议
Would rather do sth.?宁愿做… Would you please do sth.?
5）作定语（不定式修饰名词或代词作定语，放于名词或代词后）
I have nothing to say about that thing.
6）作状语
目的状语
He stopped to have a look.
结果状语
I ’m glad to see you here.
不定式的特殊句型：
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1）too…to do sth.…：太…而不能… He is too excited to speak. 2）enough to do：足以做…The child is old enough to go to school
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八年级英语动词不定式用法梳理
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情态动词教案
新课讲解情态动词 情态动词的定义: 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规。 情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) . 情态动词的位置: 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词则在主语之前。 I can see you. Come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。He must have been away.他一定走了。 What can I do for you? 你要什么？How dare you treat us like that！你怎能那样对待我们！ 情态动词的特点: 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm sorry I can't help you. 对不起，我帮不上你。 １．Can/could （１）can 一般表示体，脑力方面的能力，意为“能，会（做某事）”，也可用来表示客观的可能性，意为“可以，可能”。例如：He can swim in the river．I can do the work myself． The boy can sing in English．I can help you with your housework． （２）can ＼could 也可以用于疑问句，否定句中表示“猜测”。如： He can't be at home.他不可能在家。 （３）can还能用来询问或请求一件事可以不可以做，常用于口语中，相当于may。例如：Can I help you? ＝May I help you? can 的否定式是在其后加not，写为cannot 或can't。例如：You can't stay here you can go home now.（4）表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。 I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. (5)表示请求和允许。 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。 ---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. ) (6)表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。 They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. (7)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 Can this be true? This can’t be done by him. How can this be true?
(完整版)八年级英语动词不定式的用法
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情态动词教案
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