鲁教版初二英语下

初二英语学案（13）

学习内容：期末复习——Units 1~4

一、自我诊断

（一）词汇释义

1、invite _____________

2、train _____________

3、interest ______________

4、care ______________

5、friend ____________

6、final ______________

7、mix ______________

8、salt ______________

9、win ______________

10、visit _______________

11、drive _______________

12、luck _______________

（二）重点短语

1、the day _____________ _____________ 后天

2、come ______________ 顺便来访

3、_____________ some _____________ 在某些方面

4、_____________ than 超出……

5、in ______________ 公有（的）；共有（的）

6、the ______________ _______________ 和……一样

7、be good _______________ 擅长；在……方面做得好

8、turn ______________ 打开

9、cut ______________ 切碎

10、mix ______________ 混合在一起

11、add … ____________ … 把……加到……上

12、pour … ______________ 倒入，灌入

13、hang _______________ （俚语）闲荡；闲逛

14、______________ the end of 在……末/底

15、sleep _______________ 睡过头；起得晚

16、day ______________ （因病或节假日）休息；不工作；不上学

17、sound ______________ 听起来像

18、______________the future 未来

（三）重点句型

1、___________ you come to my party? 你能来参加我的聚会么？

2、I’m _____________ outgoing ______________ my sister. 我比我妹妹外向。

3、Liu Ying is not __________ good at sports ___________ her sister.

刘英体育不如她妹妹好。

4、For me, a good friend likes to do ___________ ___________ things ___________ me.

对于我来说，好朋友喜欢做和我一样的事情。

5、____________ _____________ bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？

6、____________ _____________ yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶？

7、A:____________ make fruit salad. 我们来制作水果沙拉吧。

B:OK, good idea. 好主意。

8、_____________ , we brought our umbrellas and raincoats.

幸运的是，我们带着雨伞和雨衣。

二、要点回顾

（一）重点单词

1、whole adj.整个的；全部的；完整的

辨析：whole/all

(1)两者都可作形容词，表示“全部的”，可与限定词连用；

(2)whole一般用于冠词、物主代词或其他限定词后；all一般用于限定词前；

eg. The whole family/All the family are interested in comedies.

全家人都对喜剧感兴趣。

应用：—What did you do on Sunday?

—I spent ___________ ____________ ____________(这一整天) on my homework.

2、both pron.两个（都）；两者（都）；adj.两者的，双方的

辨析：both/all

注意：（1）引导主语时，both/all后的谓语动词用复数形式，而either/neither后的谓语动词用单数，none后的谓语动词用单复数皆可。

（2）both … and … 连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数；neither … nor …, not only … but (also) …引导主语时谓语动词根据最近的主语形式决定单、复

数即就近原则。类似短语还有either … or … 要么……要么……

eg.1) There’re many shops on both sides/either side of the street.

街道两旁商店林立。

2) Both of us have healthy eating habits.

＝Either of us has healthy eating habits.

我们俩都有健康的饮食习惯。

否定句：Neither of us has healthy eating habits.

3) Many Canadians speak both English and French.

＝Many Canadians speak not only English but (also) French.

很多加拿大人既说英语也说法语。

4) Neither Tom nor I have seen the film. 汤姆和我都没有看过这部电影。

Either your watches or mine is wrong.

不是你们的表不准，就是我的表不准。

应用：1) I agree with ____________ _____________ them.(我同意他们两人的说法)

2) Not only I but my brother likes sports.(同义句)

______________ I ____________ my brother like sports.

3

应用：My friends and I often _____________ _____________(闲逛) on weekends.

4、win v.赢；获胜

win的名词是winner，意为“得胜者；获胜者”；win a prize/win an award获奖。

辨析：win/beat

(1)win赢，一般后接比赛或奖项；反义词lose输；win也可作不及物动词，表示“赢”的

结果。

(2)beat击败；战胜，一般后接对手作宾语；反义词lose to输给……。

eg.1) Our team lost the basketball match in the end, but Martin won the best player. 最终我们队输掉了这场篮球赛，但Martin荣获最佳球员（称号）。

2) In 2001, China beat the other countries and won the right to host the 29th Olympics.

2001年中国战胜其他（竞争）国家，获得第29届奥运会的主办权。

3) We lost to a stronger team in the league match. It’s a good beat to us.

在联赛中我们输给了实力更强的一支队，这对我们而言是个不小的打击。

应用：1) I hope I can ______________(获) first prize in the speech contest.

2) To our surprise, the little boy ________________(战胜) the old man in the chess

game.

（二）重点短语

1、be good at 擅长；在……方面做得好

(1) be good at ＝do well in擅长；在……方面做得好

(2) be good for (＝do good to)对……有益；其反义短语为be bad for 对……有害。

(3) be good to对……友好

(4) be good with … 善于对待……

eg. Mike is good at making friends with others, so he’s good with everyone.

马克擅长与人交友，所以他和所有人相处都不错。

应用：I’m ______________ ______________(擅长) cooking.

2、turn on 打开

(1) turn on 打开（电灯、电视等），其反义短语turn off；open打开（门、窗等），反义词是

close。

Mike turned on the TV first after he opened the door.迈克开门后先打开了电视。

(2)相关短语：turn up调高（音量等）；turn down调低；turn over转身；turn to转

向，翻转至；turn around转身；turn + 颜色，变得……

eg.1) Would you mind turni ng down your radio? We’re discussing a problem.

把你的收音机（音量）关小点可以吗？我们在讨论问题。

2) Her face turns red as soon as she speaks to a boy.

她一和男孩说话就脸红。

应用：1) Peter, ____________ the computer and let’s go out for a walk.

A. turn on

B. turn off

C. open

D. close

2) Open your books and ______________ _____________(翻到) page 50.

3、at the end of在……末/底

辨析：at the end of/by the end of/in the end

(1)at the end of在……末/底，既可接时间，也可接地点名词；反义短语at the beginning

of在……初/起点。

(2)by the end of到……末/底为止，常用于一般将来时或过去完成时中。

(3)in the end ＝at last ＝finally最后，常用于一般过去时。

eg.1) The young man standing at the end of the line is my brother.

排在队伍最后面的小伙子是我弟弟。

2) They had kicked three goals by the end of the match.

到比赛临近结束使他们已进了3个球。

3) After a long journey, they arrived at a valley with mountains around in the end. 经过

一番长途跋涉，他们最后来到了一个四面环山的峡谷。

应用：In the end, the hungry children found some fruit in the jungle.

A. Final

B. At first

C. At last

D. In final

（三）重点句型

1、Can you come to my party? 你能来（参加）我的聚会吗？

can在句中表示请求，意为“可以”。

can是情态动词，后接动词原形，否定形式是can’t，过去式是could。其常见用法有：(1)表示能力，意为“能；会”。

eg. Jack can swim. He could do it when he was 5.Jack会游泳。他5岁时就学会了。

(2)用于疑问句中表请求，意为“可以”，常用于熟人之间或固定句式中，语气不如could/may

委婉客气。

eg.1) Can I help you carry the box? 我可以帮你搬这个箱子吗？

2) Hey. Kim! Can I use your pencil? 嘿，Kim！我可以用一下你的铅笔吗？

3) 用于“Could/May … ?”句式的答语中表示许可，意为“可以”。

—Could I take the seat, please? 请问，我可以做这个座位吗？

—Yes, you can./Sorry, you can’t. It’s taken.

可以，请坐。/抱歉，不行。（这儿）已经有人坐了。

4) can’t表示否定推断，意为“一定不；不可能”。

It can’t be such a little girl to finish the hard work.

完成这么艰巨的任务不可能是这么一位小姑娘。

辨析：can/be able to

两者都表示“能”。

can表示能力方面“能，会”时可替换为be able to，但be able to可用于多种时态，而can只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

eg.1) They can( ＝are able to) sing the song after listening to it only once.

那首歌他们只听一遍就会唱。

2) Will you be able to get back before 10:00?

10点前能回来吗？（不能替换为can）

应用：1) —Could we use your car for the school trip tomorrow?

—No, you _____________.

A. couldn’t

B. can’t

C. may not

2) Ping Ping could ride a bike at the age of 6.(改为同义句)

Ping Ping _________ __________ _________ ride a bike at the age of 6.

2、How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？

How much yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶？

how many用于提问可数名词数量，后接名词复数形式；how much用于提问不可数名词数量或物品价格。

eg.1) There is a car under the tree.(对划线部分提问)

How many cars are there under the tree?

2) How much wood does a pair of chopsticks need and how much does it cost?

一副筷子需耗用多少木材？那价值多少钱？

应用：1) A man needs 8 glasses of water at least a day. (对划线部分提问)

____________ ____________ water does a man need at least a day?

2) Uncle Sam keeps 10 sheep on his farm.(同上)

____________ ____________ sheep does Uncle Sam keep on his farm?

3、Luckily, we brought our umbrellas and raincoats,…

幸运的是我们带了雨伞和雨衣……

luckily的形容词是lucky，名词是luck意为“好运；运气”，相关短语good luck好运；bad luck 倒霉。

eg.1) He’s really a luck dog. 他真是个幸运儿。

2) —I’m having an e xam tomorrow. 明天我要考试了。

—Good luck to you. 祝你好运。

应用：___________ , no one was hurt in the traffic accident.

A. Luckily

B. Suddenly

C. Unfortunately

D. Luck

（四）重点语法

A．可数名词与不可数名词的数量表达

1、可数名词前可加数词或some、many、a few等形容词修饰，提问数量时用how many +可

数名词复数。

2、不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，一般没有复数形式，不能同不定冠词连用，也不

能直接用数词修饰，但我们可用冠词/数词+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词结构来表示物质名词的量。依其词汇意义，大体可分为以下几类：

注意：(1)表示不可数名词复数概念时只变化量词，对其数量提问用how much +不可数名词。

(2)当提问名词数量中的数词时用how many + 量词（复数）+ of + n.。试对比：

She ordered a glass of orange juice. 她点了一杯桔汁。

1 ___

2

提问1: How many glasses of orange juice did she order?

提问2：How much orange juice did she order?

语法专练：1) There’re many __________ in the yard.

A. cat

B. children

C. paper

2) How much __________ do you want?

A. yogurts

B. banana

C. orange

3) Dick gave _________ __________ _________(一副) sunglasses to Jack for his

birthday.

4）How much __________(be) two cups of coffee?

5) Miss Yao bought half a kilo of sugar in the shop.(对划线部分提问)

__________ __________ __________ of sugar did Miss Yao buy in the shop?

B.形容词和副词的比较等级

1、比较等级的构成

2、比较等级的使用

语法专练：1) Is today ________________(windy) than yesterday?

2) I’m ____________ ____________(thin) boy in my class.

3) Who’s ____________ _______________(serious), Alice or Nancy?

4) I take a lot ______________(much) exercise than anyone else.

5) It rained yesterday as ____________(heavy) as it does today.

6) Lucy is ___________ _____________(tall) of us two.

7) Noodles are less popular than rice in South China.(改为同义句)

In South China, rice is ___________ _____________ than noodles.

8) Ella works hardest in her group.(改为同义句)

Ella works _____________ _____________ any other one in her group.

9) 多多益善。____________ _____________, ______________ ______________.

10) Our country is becoming __________ __________ __________(越来越富强).

三、单元达标（时间20分钟，满分40分）

（一）根据句意、汉语或首字母提示完成单词（10分）

1. The teacher asked our _____________(班长) to give us a talk at the beginning.

2. You’d better ______________(检查) your car before you start a tour trip.

3. I’m ______________(严肃). I’m not joking.

4. You mustn’t stay out late on _______________(工作日).

5. Long live the ________________(友谊) between us!

6. Bob failed the math test, so he had to take it a_______________.

7. West Lake is a place of great i_________________.

8. Everyone l_____________ happily after they heard the funny joke.

9. We should learn to keep c_______________ before danger.

10.Please read the i_______________ carefully before you take the medicine.

（二）选词填空（10分）

1.Athletes take lots of _______________ before the games.

2.Teachers don’t usually _____________ how much they can get from their students.

3.Paul put all his books _____________ his bag and left the room silently.

4.I don’t like the color of the shirt. Please show me ______________ one.

5.Teenagers mustn’t _____________ a car if they are under 16 years old in US.

6.It’s not ___________ for the 6-year-old boy to be outside alone in a busy street.

7.The children were scared to see the big tiger, ___________ they knew it was not real.

8.You’ll get wet in the rain without an _________________.

9.We had expected him to arrive earlier than us, ____________, he was late.

10.Xiao Ming is watching a football ________________.

（三）单项选择（10分）

1.There’s __________ onion and some butter on the plate.

A. a

B. an

C. some

D. much

2. —Here’s my brother’s new car. Let’s __________ in it.

—Sounds really exciting.

A. go for a drive

B. read a book

C. take a class

D. watch TV

3. —How many __________ shall we buy?

—Two kilos.

A. lettuce

B. butter

C. chickens

D. eggs

4. —___________________? —No, I didn’t.

A. Do you have a pen pal

B. Were you sleepy

C. Did you finish your homework

D. Could you play the guitar

5. People who like sports are usually very _________.

A. unhealthy

B. more athletic

C. healthy

D. most outgoing

6. Pour some hot water ________ the noodles and cover the bowl for 5 minutes.

A. on

B. onto

C. in

D. into

7. —Did you see ________ interesting animals there?

—Yes, and there were also ________ unusual plants.

A. some; any

B. some; some

C. any; some

D. any; any

8. Paul _________ write poems(诗) when he was 5 years old.

A. can

B. could

C. is able to

D. were able to

9. You can get the color of black if you _________ blue and red.

A. cut up

B. clean up

C. use up

D. mix up

10.________ of the twins is good at art. They can draw beautiful pictures.

A. Both

B. Either

C. Every

D. Neither （四）完成句子（10分）

1. 据说这两位伟人有一些相似之处。

People say that the two great men have some things ___________ ____________.

2.你的外国朋友喜欢中国的那些地方？

___________ does your foreign friend ___________ ____________ China?

3.在学校组织的旅行中他们还做了些其他什么事情？

___________ __________ did they do on their school trip?

4.妈妈有太多家务活要做。

Mother has ____________ ____________ housework to do.

5.从某种意义上说，这对我并不重要。

____________ ___________ ____________, that’s not important for me.

附:单元达标答案

一、1. monitor 2. check 3. serious 4. weekdays 5. friendship

6. again

7. interest

8. laughed

9. calm 10.instuctions

二、1. training 2. care 3. into 4. another 5. drive

6. safe

7. though

8. umbrella

9. However 10.match

三、1—5 B A D C C 6—10 D C B D B

四、1. in common 2. What；like about 3. What else

4. too much

5. In some ways