科技英语阅读句子翻译
U1
1.He reported years later；this new-found faculty increased the duo’s odds of winning by 44 percent.
很多年后他透露说/承认，这个新发现的技术增加了两个人44%的胜算。
2.Engineers widely regard this invention as the first wearable computer-an early glimpse at today’s fitness trackers smart watches, and augmented-reality eyewear, and their possible descendants.
工程技术人员大都把这个发明视作第一代可穿戴的电脑设备——今天的健康记录仪，智能手表，AR眼镜以及他们的诸多衍生品皆出自于此。
3.Yet the impact on its wearers was profound-foretelling, perhaps, a future when we depend on our electronic devices to experience life as much as we rely on our eyes,ears, and skin.
然而，它对佩戴者的影响是深远的——它或许预示了这样一个未来：我们不仅依赖眼睛、耳朵和皮肤去感知世界，还会倚重电子设备去感知生活。
4.There are all these other, really rich dimensions of touch that touch screens
ignore-such as pressure, contact area, the shape of your hand, and whether you use a pad, knuckle, or nail.
触摸屏忽略了很多其他形式的触感——比如压力、接触面积、手的形状，以及你是使用指肚、指节或指甲来触屏。
5.The seeds of such a future are already here.
由此已经可以窥见到未来的发展。
6.Known as brain-computer interfaces, or BCIs, these systems are found mostly in research laboratories.
BCI指人机交互，像这样的系统目前主要还在实验阶段。
7.For many researchers who work in wearable computing, the ultimate goal is to design machines that use data from the brain and body to understand the world in human terms.
对于许多从事可穿戴设备的研究人员来说，他们的最终目标是设计出这样一种机器，它可以收集利用大脑和身体数据并以人类的方式去感知世界。
8.The human and the computer possess “enormously powerful information-processing capabilities”, wrote Edward Tufte, a data-visualization pioneer now at Yale University, in 1989.
早在1989年，耶鲁大学的数据可视化先驱爱德华?塔夫特就曾经说过/提出：“人类和计算机拥有“极其强大的信息处理能力。”
U2
1.With increased flexibility and ease of use, robots are at the dawn of a new era,
turning them into ubiquitous helpers to improve our quality of life by delivering efficient services in our homes, offices, and public places.
随着灵活性和易用性的提高，机器人开启了一个新的时代。它们变成无所不在的帮手，在我们的家庭、办公室和公共场所提供高效的服务，提高了我们的生活质量。
2. A McKinsey study in Germany predicts a shortage of 6 million skilled laborers by
2020, and highlights a pressing requirement for an increase of productivity.
麦肯锡在德国进行的一项研究表明，到2020年将会出现600万熟练劳动力短缺，这凸显了提高生产率这一紧迫要求。
3.Driven by the increased security needs of European citizens and the higher
workload resulting from extended monitoring of our everyday environments, robots already play an increasing role in the security market.
由于欧洲公众对安全的需求日益增加，并且日常环境的监控范围不断扩大带来了更高的工作量，机器人在安全市场上的作用变得越来越重要。
4.Both unmanned and manned missions, be it in Earth orbit or interplanetary, will
be preceded or augmented by robots.
无论是在地球轨道上还是在行星际之间，无人和载人的飞行任务都将由机器人先行或提供辅助。
5.The technologies applicable to space robotics will enable a wide range of
Earth-based exploration and material processing activities from automated undersea inspection to mining and mineral extraction under hazardous conditions.这项适用于太空机器人的技术将广泛应用于各种地面勘探和材料处理工作，诸如自动海底探测以及危险条件下矿物开采等。
6.While some of these can be met, at least partially, with robotics, doing so can have
major ELS implications.
虽然机器人可以解决一小部分问题，但这样做可能会在社会、伦理和法律层面产生重大影响。
7.In some cases ELS issues can have a greater influence on the delivery of systems
to market than the readiness level of the involved technologies.
在某些情况下，社会、伦理和法律问题对于系统的市场交付方面的影响可能大于相关技术的就绪程度。
8.Robotic companions can attain a very high level of social pervasiveness.
机器人伴侣可以达到很高的社会普及率。
9.Robotic co-workers must be designed such that the safety of humans and their
general superior position in the control hierarchy is ensured.
与人共事的机器人必须在设计上保证人的安全和他们在控制等级中的总体优势地位。
10.This may lead to the exclusion of parts of society from the benefits of advanced
robotics.
这可能导致社会某些阶层无法享受先进的机器人技术所带来的益处。
U3
1.There is huge uncertainty about how global gas markets will evolve, but the extent of the value at stake makes it imperative for liquefied natural gas suppliers and buyers to act now.
全球天然气市场将如何发展存在巨大的不确定性，但风险价值的大小使得液化天然气供应商和买家现在必须采取行动。
2.Unforeseen events have disrupted the gas market in the last eight years but paradoxically lent it a degree of stability—for the time being, at least.
在过去的八年中，诸多不可预见的事件扰乱了天然气市场，但矛盾的是，天然气市场在一定程度上保持了稳定——至少目前是这样。
3.This $415 billion difference in potential outcomes in a single year suggests very different prospects not only for the industry as a whole but also for different participants, as the value gains will by no means be evenly spread.
这一年有可能多出来的4150亿美元的利润，不仅对整个行业，而且对不同的从业者来说，都有着完全不同的意义，因为价值收益绝不是平均分配的。
4.While there is no denying the challenges that uncertainty poses in the industry, those most likely to prosper will be the participants that understand the uncertainties, anticipate market developments, and build robust strategies capable of adapting to what the future holds.
尽管不可否认的是，不确定性给这个行业带来了挑战,但是只有理解这些不确定性、预测市场发展，并且制定出能够适应未来的强劲战略才有可能在未来成为大赢家。
5.However, gas demand failed to keep pace as consumers were slow to switch from other fuels, energy-efficiency measures offset demand growth, and exports have not been an option, since it can take five years to build an LNG export terminal and acquire the I necessary permits.
然而，燃气需求量不能与供应量保持同步，因为消费者不愿意改用新型燃气，节能措施又抵消了需求增长的影响,而且出口也不可行，因为建设一个液化天然气出口终端站并获得必要的许可可能需要5年的时间。
6.In Asia, LNG prices have been boosted by economic growth, coupled with Japan's decision in 2011 to shut down its nuclear capacity following the Fukushima disaster.
在亚洲市场，由于福岛核电站事故,日本政府于2011年正式决定关闭其核电站，再加上经济的稳定增长，都导致液化气价格飞涨。
7.Finally, in Europe, an economic slowdown—combined with energy-efficiency improvements and the availability of cheap coal—contributed to an annual decline in gas demand of 1.6 percent between 2005 and 2012.
最后，在欧洲，由于经济放缓,加上能源效率的提高和廉价煤类的供应，导致天
然气需求在2005年至2012年间每年下降1.6%。
8.Finally, in Europe, an economic slowdown—combined with energy-efficiency improvements and the availability of cheap coal—contributed to an annual decline in gas demand of 1.6 percent between 2005 and 2012. This is in marked contrast to annual growth of 2.7 percent over the previous 15 years. At the same time, liquidity on traded gas markets rose as buyers who found they had contracted excess capacity sought to sell it on.
最后，在欧洲，由于经济放缓,加上能源效率的提高和廉价煤类的供应，导致天
然气需求在2005年至2012年间每年下降1.6%。这与过去15年间的2.7%的年
增长率形成了鲜明对比。与此同时，那些过度采购的买方寻求转售天然气，因此天然气交易市场的交易次数增加。
U4
1.At the scale of a leaf, the carbon dioxide fertilization effect is well-documented.
在叶片的尺度上，二氧化碳的施肥效应得到了充分的证明。
2.Under higher CO2, plants in greenhouses not only grow faster but also need less water. Higher CO2 lets them cut water losses because they can take in enough of the gas without opening their pores, or stomata, as widely.
当二氧化碳浓度增高时，温室中的植物不用打开气孔就可以吸入充足的二氧化碳，因此高浓度的二氧化碳可以减少植物的水分流失从而促进植物的迅速生长。
3.Perhaps carbon fertilization was taking place, but instead of laying down extra wood the trees might be wasting energy with a higher metabolism or putting carbon into short-lived fruits and flowers.
也许碳施肥效应的确存在,但这些树木并没有因此而加速成长成材。相反,额外的养分都消耗在加快的新陈代谢上面,或者消耗在短暂的开花结果中。
4.Trees can do all sorts of things with their extra sugars.
有了多余的养分,树木可以干各种各样的事情。
5.Scientists studying forest plots, who have seen hints that growth is increasing, are critical of the tree ring study.
有些科学家在研究森林样地时观测到了森林增长的迹象，对树木年轮理论提出了质疑。
6.That the 12 tree species in the tree ring study, drawn from the seasonally dry peripheries of the rainforest in South America, Central Africa, and Southeast Asia, are not representative of the rainforest itself (though the species were necessary to do the study, because many rainforest species don't have annual growth rings).
树木年轮研究中的12种从南美,中非和东南亚雨林的季节性干早边缘抽取的树种,并不代表雨林本身（尽管这些树种是进行这项研究所必需的,因为许多森林树种没有年轮)。
7.The oldest and biggest trees in the study—those with rings spanning 150 years一might have had extra advantages in their youth, like extra light, that allowed them to grow more vigorously.
古老的大树,那些有500年年轮的树种,可能在早期生长时享有额外的优势, 比如更充足的日照,从而长势更茁壮。
U5
1.Samsung’s research unit announces new way to synthesize material, potentially opening the door to commercial production.
三星的研发团队宣称,他们发现了一种合成材料的新方法,这一方法可能会打开石墨烯商业量化生产的大门。
2. The substance, “the perfect atomic lattice” boasts a number of hugely attractive properties, meaning it has the potential to be used in myriad industries, and for a huge range of purposes.
这种物质有完美的原子网架结构,这一结构使其具有许多十分诱人的属性,因此石墨烯在许多工业领域都有潜在的应用前景和广泛的用途。
3. It could be used to create ultra-light components for, say, the aviation industry, dramatically reducing the weight of aircraft一and thus significantly improving fuel efficiency—without compromising strength or integrity.
石墨烯可以用于制造超轻配件,例如在航天领域,石墨烯材料可以极大地减轻飞行器的重量,因此在不削弱强度和保证完整性的前提下,显著提高燃油效率。
4.Researchers are experimenting with the substance to figure out a way around this problem.
研究人员正通过对石墨烯的各种实验以寻求解决这一问题的方法。
5.If this deficiency can be overcome, however, graphene could be used in a huge
range of devices as a super-fast replacement for silicon transistors, which are already reaching their capacity.
然而一旦解决这一缺陷,石墨烯将会有更为广泛的用途,可以迅速替代开发已经达到饱和的硅晶,成为新型导体材料。
6.Another limitation comes in the form of its production—currently it can only be synthesized in small crystals.
目前只能合成微型的石黑烯晶体,这是生产上的另一个局限。
https://www.360docs.net/doc/e39224064.html,ernments and the private sector are actively exploring the potential of the substance, with the EU devoting €1 billion ($1.3 billion) to it between 2013 and 2023, funding research which could potentially transform a range of sectors, including electronics, energy, health and construction.
各国政府和私人企业正积极开发这一物质的潜在价值,在2013到2023年间,欧盟计划投资十三亿美元作为研发基金,专门用于石墨烯的研发,此举有可能改变电子、能源、健康、建筑等诸多领域。
8.“We expect this discovery to accelerate the commercialization of graphene, which could unlock the next era of consumer electronic technology.”
我们希望这项发现能加速石墨烯商业化进程,从而开启民用电子科技的新纪元。
9.In partnership with Sungkyunkwan University，the Institute has pioneered the growing of large-area, single crystal wafer scale graphene.
该研究所与成均馆大学合作，SAIT率先开发了大面积单晶体石墨烯。
10.It has not been revealed if Samsung plans to make the groundbreaking synthesis process public, a move that would rapidly accelerate the adoption of graphene into daily use.
但是三星并没有透露其是否打算将这一开创性的技术公之于众,一旦公开,将会大大加速石墨烯的民用发展进程。
U6
1.By combining building automation systems with a smart building management system,a commercial property owner can monitor hundreds of properties at once and fine tune building performance to a degree not possible via human capabilities alone.通过把建筑的自动化和智能控制系统结合起来,商业业主可以同时监控上百处楼宇,并且能对建筑性能状况进行细部调整,这在以前是很难单靠人力实现的。
2.The technology to enable this competitive edge is already at hand.
实现这种竞争优势的技术目前已经成熟。
3.The cost of wireless sensors has dropped below the $10-per-unit threshold,making
installation of a smart building management system much more affordable than in the past.
无线传感器的单价已经跌破 10美元的门槛,低廉的价格使得智能管理系统相较从前更加平民化了。
4.Cloud computing is another advance that makes smart building management systems financially feasible to a degree not previously possible.
云计算技术作为另一项推动力,在经济层面把智能管理系统的可行性提高到了前所未有的高度。
5.A smart building management system can integrate work-order management applications；pull equipment repair and maintenance data into performance analytics；and pinpoint equipment issues to degree otherwise not humanly possible.
智能楼宇管理系统能够整合工作订单管理应用程序、将设备维修以及保养维护数据统一纳入执行分析、并且精准定位设备故障,否则单凭人力无法做到这种精度。
6.Smart building systems are more energy-efficient than legacy systems,but can also reduce operational risks,improve building performance and enable more accurate capital planning.
智能建筑管理系统相较于传统系统更加节能,而且还能降低运行风险,改善建筑性能,实现更精确的资产规划。
7.More dramatically,smart building management systems can prevent full-scale building systems failures-potentially embarrassing to a Super Bowl stadium host,but life-threatening in a hospital or laboratory.
更妙的是,智能楼宇管理系统可以避免系统发生全面瘫痪一这种事故对于"超级碗"主办方来说可能只是尴尬,但在医院或者实验室则可能会危及生命。
8.The Empire State Building,for example exceeded projected energy saving for the second consecutive year following an extensive phased retrofit begun in 2009.
举例来说,养国大厦在2009年开始进行大规模分阶段改造后,其节能效果已经练续两年超出预期。
U7
1.As telecommunications companies fill gaps in their networks, many have sought to camouflage the ungainly outdoor equipment Bat carries Be nation's daily supply of calls, texts and data.
随着通信网络的不断完善,移动基站每天向全国各地传输电话、短信以及网络数据信号,许多电信运营商想尽办法来隐藏这些其貌不扬的室外设施。
2.Each community and each neighborhood can be different, so we really have to work on a case-by-case basis with each city and with each zoning authority.
每个社区甚至每个小区都是不同的,因此,我们必须和每座械市和区县分管局合
作,因地制宜地制定方案。
3.So-called stealth cellphone towers,have been around for more than two decades and appear to be growing in popularity.
所谓的隐形通讯塔已经有20多年的历史了，而且似乎越来越受欢迎。（而且这一做法颇有日益流行的趋势）。
4. Now an Iowa church wants to join the club by building a tower in the shape of a cross.
现在，爱荷华州的一座教堂也想通过建造一个十字架外形的通讯塔来加入其中。
5.In 1992, a BP sign at a gas station in Atlanta earned the distinction of being the first stealth cellphone tower in the country, according to the company.
STEALTH 公司于1992年在亚特兰大的一所加油站附近设计建造了第一个隐形移动基站,该基站伪装成了一块英国看油公司标示牌,STEALTH 公司也因此而声名鹊起。
6.Smith, of Verizon, would not go into detail about the tower, although she did say the company chooses locations that fit within a geographic radius and meet engineering specifications.
Verizon公司的Smith女士表示,公司的选址会考虑信号覆盖并且符合设计规范,但她并未透露关于该基站的其他细节。
7.People constantly need more data “to do all the different multimedia applications that are now part of their lives,” Smith said, creating continual pressure to "add more capacity to our network to stay ahead of that demand.”
人们的生活已经离不开各种各样的多媒体应用,因此对数据流量的需求也与日俱增。这一现状不断为移动运营商带来挑战,他们需要持续扩容以确保满足人们对网络信号的需求。
研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译6
1 While some studies have suggested that frequent use of cell phones causes increased risk of brain and mouth cancers, others have found no such links. But since cell phones are relatively new and brain cancers grow slowly, many experts are now recommending taking steps to reduce exposure. by bruce stutz 一些研究显示，经常使用手机会增加得脑部和口腔癌症的几率。有的研究却没发现两者之间有什么联系。但是，手机算是个新兴事物，而脑癌发展也缓慢，许多专家还是建议减少使用手机。 2 Does your cell phone increase your risk of brain cancer? Does it affect your skin or your sperm viability? Is it safe for pregnant women or children? Should you keep it in your bag, on your belt, in your pants or shirt pocket? Should you use a hands-free headset? Are present cell phone safety standards strict enough? 手机会增加得脑癌的几率吗？会不会影响皮肤或者精子活性？使用手机对孕妇或孩子安全吗？应该把手机放在哪，包里、衣服口袋，还是挂在腰带上？打电话的时候要用耳机吗？现在的手机安全标准够不够严？ 3 You don’t know? You’re not alone. 你不知道？这很正常。 4 With some 4 to 5 billion cell phones now in use worldwide and hundreds of studies seeking evidence of their health effects published in peer-reviewed journals over the last 10 years, there’s precious little scientific certainty over whether cell phones pose any danger to those using them. For nearly every study that reports an effect, another, just as carefully conducted, finds none. All of which leaves journalists, consumer advocates, regulatory agencies, politicians, industry spokespersons, and cell phone users able to choose and interpret the results they prefer, or ignore the ones they don’t. 如今，全世界共有40-50亿手机正在使用。过去十年里，成百上千的研究也在致力于寻找手机影响健康的证据，并在相关刊物上发表论文。但还没有确凿的证据能证明，使用手机损害健康。几乎没有研究发现手机对健康有不良影响。但这还是没影响到政治家、新闻记者、管理机构、产业发言人、消费者保护团体，还有消费者自己，选择他们喜好的结果去理解，忽略不喜欢的那些。 5 Do you, for instance, cite the studies that report adverse effects on sperm viability and motility, due to exposure to cell phone radiation or the studies that showed no —or mixed —results? 6 Do you cite the 2001 study that found increased incidence of uveal melanoma (a cancer of the eye) among frequent cell phone users, or the 2009 study by the same authors that, in reassessing their data, found no increase? 2001年的研究显示，常用手机的人患葡萄膜黑色素瘤（一种眼内癌症）几率会增大。2009年这些研究员又发表报告称，他们再分析当年的数据时，又不能确
新建科技英语阅读与翻译
Part I Reading comprehension (40%) 共四篇，其中一篇来自教材，占10%； Passage 6 1. 1) Yes, it is. 2) Once the technology had evolved, it became possible. It is just a matter of time. 3) The faster you go, the slower time seems to move for you with respect to everyone else. This concept is known as “time dilation.” 4) travel at the speed of light; 5) If your speed finally reaches the speed of light then time actually stands still, exceed the speed of light and its thought that time will start to flow backward. 6) An effect of Relativity is that the faster you go, the heavier you become and as you reach the speed of light, you become infinitely heavy. 7) The technique is called “quantum tunneling”. It is used by electrons orbiting around atoms to instantly move from point A to point B without passing through the space between. 8)It is actually only technology stopping us from doing it. 2. 1) 即使如我面前的杯子这么普通的东西也可以说某种程度上掌握了时间旅行。它在桌子上放着，看似无所事事，然而实际上正在穿越时空，无情地，它的速度是每天走一天。 2）如果我跑到这咖啡店的速度接近光速，当我坐下来时，我的年龄小于我周围的人。实际上，我已经走到他们的未来。 3) 剩下的就是当宇宙倒退时，以这个速度飞行，在适当的时候减速，然后在1973年7月突然出现，那是有史以来最伟大的时刻——我出生啦。 Passage 7 1. 1)By altering the function of one gene, the life span of a species of roundworm could be
科技英语翻译练习
一.句子翻译练习；英译汉 1. It is forbidden to dismantle it without permission so as to avoid any damage to its parts. 严禁乱拆，以免损坏该设备的零件。 2. All livi ng things must, by reas on of physiological limitati ons, die. 由于生理上的局限，一切生物总是要死亡的。 3. The removal of min erals from water is called softe ning. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 4. Gene piracy is not n ew. 窃取基因不是新鲜事。 5. All pla nts and ani mals n eed carb on for growth. 所有的动植物均需要碳才能生长。 6. Failure to fix these symbols in mi nd keeps stude nts from masteri ng the mathematical subjects they take up. 由于未能记住这些符号，使得许多学生无法掌握他们选修的教学课程。 7. This higher cost is not entirely due to the shape of the part, or the use of a more expensive metal. 成本教高不完全是由于部件的形状，也不是由于使用的金属比较昂贵。 8. A chicken is a suitable specimen for the study of the general external features of a bird. 鸡是研究禽类外部特征的合适范例。 9. The flow of electro ns is from the n egative zi nc plate to the positive copper plate. 电子从负的锌极流向正的铜极。 10. As a ship is loaded, it sinks deeper into the water, displacing an additional amount of water equal to the weight of the added load. 船装了货吃水更深，其排开的附加水量等于所装货的重量。 11. Non-mobile robots, capable of lear ning to perform an in dustrial task and the n of being left to perform it tirelessly, are eve n now in use in in dustrial pla nts all over the world. 不能行走的机器人能学会做工，并能孜孜不倦地工作，今天在世界各地的工厂里得到了使用。 12. The result of the invention of the steam engine was that human power was replaced by mecha ni cal power. 蒸汽机发明的结果是，机械力代替了人力。 13. Agricultural technique spreading centers have been set up everywhere in that province,
小议科技英语翻译技巧
小议科技英语翻译技巧 科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述，即在句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传递主要信息。科技文章文体的特点是：清晰、准确、精练、严密。那末，科技文章的语言结构特色在翻译过程中如何处理，这是进行英汉科技翻译时需要探讨的问题。现分述如下： 一、大量使用名词化结构 大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）是科技英语的特点之一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为。 Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. 阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。 句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。 名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表达的概念更加确切严密。 If you use firebricks round the walls of the boiler, the heat loss, can be considerably reduced. 炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。 科技英语所表述的是客观规律，因之要尽量避免使用第一、二人称；此外，要使主要的信息置于句首。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。 名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而"谓语动词则着重其发射和接受的能力。 二、广泛使用被动语句 根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态。这是因为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确。第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态，例如：Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注意机器的工作温度。此外，如前所述，科技文章将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。这也是广泛使用被动态的主要原因。试观察并比较下列两段短文的主语。 We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. We call such a device a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance .It is measured in farads. 电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，
研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译8
Why We're Fat 1 So why is obesity happening? The obvious, clichéd-but-true answer is that we eat too much high-calorie food and don't burn it off with enough exercise. If only we had more willpower, the problem would go away. But it isn't that easy. 为什么会有肥胖症？一个明显、老生常谈但又真实的答案就是我们吃太多高热量食物并且没有进行足够的运动消耗它。要是我们的意志力更强大，这个问题便迎刃而解了。但是，问题并不是那么简单。 2 When warned about the dangers of overeating, we get briefly spooked and try to do better. Then we're offered a plateful of pancakes smothered in maple syrup, our appetite overpowers our reason, and before we know it, we're at it again. Just why is appetite such a powerful driver of behavior, and, more important, how can we tame it? 当我们被警告说吃得太多的时候，一时总会被吓倒并努力做好一些。然后一碟涂满槭糖浆的煎饼摆在面前，我们的食欲战胜了我们的理智，等到我们意识到它的时候，我们又重蹈覆辙了。到底为什么食欲具有如此强大的推动力？更重要的是，我们怎么才能够控制它？ 3 Within the past few years, science has linked our ravenous appetites to genes and hormones. Among the hormones that fuel these urges are ghrelin and leptin, known as the "hunger hormones." Ghrelin is produced mostly by cells in the stomach lining. Its job is to make you feel hungry by affecting the hypothalamus, which governs metabolism. Ghrelin levels rise in dieters who lose weight and then try to keep it off. It's almost as if their bodies are trying to regain the lost fat. This is one reason why it's hard to lose weight and maintain the loss. 近几年来，科学将我们迫不及待要吃的食欲跟基因和激素联系起来。激起这些强烈的欲望的激素有胃促生长素和消瘦素，也被称作“饥饿激素”。胃促生长素主要由胃保护层的细胞产生。它的职责是影响控制新陈代谢的下丘脑，让你感到饥饿。当节食者减肥并且努力维持减肥效果，他的胃促生长素水平就会升高。就像他们的身体要试图恢复失去的脂肪。这是为什么很难减肥并维持减肥效果的原因之一。 4 Leptin turns your appetite off and is made by fat cells. Low leptin levels increase your appetite and signal your body to store more fat. High leptin levels relay the opposite signal. Many obese people have developed a resistance to the appetite-suppressing effects of leptin and never feel satisfied, no matter how much they eat. Basically, your body uses these hormones to help you stay at your weight and keep you from losing fat —which is another reason why dieting can be so difficult. 消瘦素消除你的食欲，它来自脂肪细胞。低消瘦素水平增加你的食欲并通知你的身体储存更多的脂肪。高消瘦素水平传递相反的信号。很多肥胖的人已经形成了一种对消瘦素抑制食欲效应的抵抗，不管他们吃多少也从不感到满足。从根本上说，你的身体利用这些激素帮助你保持现在的体重，不让你的脂肪流走——这是节食如此之难的另外一个原因。
科技阅读翻译第一单元
第一单元环境 大规模研究发现：地球的“健康”每况愈下有史以来对地球进行的最大规模的科学分析表明，地球上的许多生态系统都达不到标准。 由联合国主持的《千年生态系统评估综合报告》指出，由于不可持续的使用，地球上将近三分之二的用来维持生命的生态系统已经遭到破坏，其中包括干净的水源、纯净的空气，以及稳定的气候。 以上大部分的破坏都是人类在过去的半个世纪里造成的。据报告分析，随着人类对食物、淡水、木材、纤维以及燃料等资源的需求日趋激增，环境发生了极大的变化，引发了诸如滥伐森林、化学污染等问题。因此，该报告的作者警告说，照此下去，本已岌岌可危的生态环境将会在21世纪的上半叶急剧恶化。 这项历史性的研究由来自世界95个国家的政府部门以及民间组织的1,300多位科学家共同完成。四年来，他们考察了地球上许多生物的生长环境、物种以及将他们联系起来的生态体系。联合国环境规划署对该报告进行了编辑整理并于昨天在中国北京公布了研究结果。 在公布该报告的新闻发布会上，联合国秘书长科菲·安南指出：“只有了解环境及其运作过程，我们才能制定出必要的决策加以保护。”他还说，“只有珍惜所有宝贵的自然资源和人类资源，我们才有希望去建设一个可持续发展的未来。” 对社会经济的影响 该报告对自然界的大部分生物多样性持悲观态度，地球上可能有10%—30%的哺乳动物，鸟类以及两栖动物濒临灭绝。 这次大规模生态调查是根据安南的《千年发展目标》展开的，该发展目标是由联合国发起的，旨在2015年之前大幅度缓解饥饿与极度贫困等社会经济问题。 总部位于内罗毕的联合国环境规划署执行主席克劳斯·托普弗说：“从某些方面来说，《千年生态系统评估综合报告》让我们首次认识到生态系统服务功能的经济价值，并使我们对尊重和保护地球生命维护系统有了新的见解。” 目前由于人类社会对地球环境的开发利用，食物供应不断增加，然而增长的速度仍然太慢，难以完成联合国制定的在2015年前消除全球一半饥饿的目标。 报告还说，过度使用生态系统的负面影响还包括渔业的衰退，含有大量沉积物的河口周围近海“死亡区”的出现，水质的变化以及不可预测的区域性气候等。 此外，森林的滥伐和其他生态系统的巨大改变也加剧了诸如疟疾、霍乱等疾病的传播，并使已有传染病分化出新的类别。 根据该报告，水资源体系的变化会增加毁灭性洪灾的爆发频率和程度。在20世纪90年代，洪灾造成的死亡人数超过10万，损失约2,430亿美元。
《科技英语阅读教程》陈勇版课文翻译(可编辑修改word版)
核电与核辐射 1986 年4 月26 日，切尔诺贝利核电站的一个反应堆发生爆炸，将相当于400 颗广岛原子弹的放射性尘降物散布到整个北半球。在此之前，科学家对辐射对植物和野生动物的影响 几乎一无所知。这场灾难创造了一个活生生的实验室，尤其是在这个被称为禁区的1100 平方英里的区域。 1994 年，德州理工大学生物学教授罗纳德·切瑟和罗伯特·贝克是首批获准完全进入该区域的美国科学家之一。“我们抓了一群田鼠，它们看起来和野草一样健康。我们对此非 常着迷。”贝克回忆说。当Baker 和Chesser 对田鼠的DNA 进行测序时，他们没有发现 异常的突变率。他们还注意到狼、猞猁和其他曾经稀有的物种在这片区域游荡，仿佛这里 是原子野生动物保护区。2003 年由一组联合国机构建立的切尔诺贝利论坛发表了声明一份关于灾难20 周年的报告证实了这一观点，称“环境条件对该地区的生物群落产生了积极 影响”，将其转变为“一个独特的生物多样性保护区”。 五年前，贝克和切塞尔在这片区域搜寻田鼠。Mousseau 到切尔诺贝利去数鸟，发现了与之相矛盾的证据。穆萨乌是南卡罗莱纳大学的生物学教授，他的合作者安德斯·佩普·穆 勒现在是巴黎南方大学生态、系统学和进化实验室的研究主任。他们发现该地区家燕的数 量要少得多，而那些存活下来的家燕则遭受着寿命缩短、(雄性)生育能力下降、大脑变小、肿瘤、部分白化病(一种基因突变)以及白内障发病率更高的痛苦。在过去13 年发表的60 多篇论文中，Mousseau 和Moller 指出，暴露在低水平辐射下对该区域的整个生物圈产生 了负面影响，从微生物到哺乳动物，从昆虫到鸟类。 包括贝克在内的批评人士对穆萨和穆勒持批评态度。贝克在2006 年与切塞尔合著的《美国科学家》(American Scientist)文章中指出，该区域“实际上已成为一个保护区”，穆萨和穆勒的“令人难以置信的结论只得到了间接证据的支持”。 我们所知道的关于电离辐射对健康影响的几乎所有信息都来自于一项正在进行的对原子弹幸存者的研究，该研究被称为寿命研究，简称LSS。辐射暴露的安全标准基于LSS。然而，LSS 留下了关于低剂量辐射影响的大问题没有得到解答。大多数科学家都同意，没有所谓 的“安全”辐射剂量，无论剂量有多小。小剂量是我们最不了解的。LSS 并没有告诉我们多 少低于100 毫西弗(mSv)的剂量。例如，引起基因突变需要多少辐射，这些突变是可遗传 的吗?辐射诱发的疾病(如癌症)的机制和遗传生物标记物是什么? 三重危机2011年 3月福岛第一核电站创建另一个生活摩梭实验室和穆勒可以研究低 剂量的辐射,复制他们的切尔诺贝利核事故研究和允许他们“更高的信心,影响我们看到有关辐射,而不是其他因素,“摩梭说。福岛310平方英里的隔离区比切尔诺贝利小，但在其他方面 是一样的。这两个区域都包括被遗弃的农田、森林和城市地区，在这些地区，辐射水平在 短距离内变化数量级。而且几乎可以肯定，他们进入福岛的速度比科学家进入苏联控制的 切尔诺贝利的速度还要快。简而言之，福岛事件提供了一个解决争议的机会。 福岛核事故发生后的几个月里，穆萨乌和莫勒就开始在这座正在冒烟的核电站以西受污染的山林里清点鸟类数量，但他们无法进入这个区域，亲眼看看家燕的情况。最后，在2013 年6 月，穆萨乌是首批获准完全进入福岛禁区的科学家之一。 对辐射的敏感度在生物和同一物种的个体之间有很大的差异，这是重要的原因之一，不要从蝴蝶推断到家燕或从田鼠推断到人类。蝴蝶对辐射特别敏感，Mousseau 说。2012年8 月，在线期刊《科学报告》(Scientific Report)发表了一篇论文，研究福岛核泄漏对淡草蓝 蝶的影响。冲绳县琉球大学的生物学教授大木若二(Joji Otaki)透露，在这种不雅行为发生两个月后，在福岛附近采集的蝴蝶出现了翅膀、腿和眼睛畸形的情况。Mousseau 和Moller 对切尔诺贝利和福岛昆虫的调查显示，蝴蝶作为一个群体数量急剧下降。但御宅族
科技英语翻译练习
一．句子翻译练习；英译汉 1. It is forbidden to dismantle it without permission so as to avoid any damage to its parts. 严禁乱拆,以免损坏该设备的零件。 2.All living things must, by reason of physiological limitations, die. 由于生理上的局限, 一切生物总是要死亡的。 3. The removal of minerals from water is called softening. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 4.Gene piracy is not new. 窃取基因不是新鲜事。 5.All plants and animals need carbon for growth. 所有的动植物均需要碳才能生长。 6. Failure to fix these symbols in mind keeps students from mastering the mathematical subjects they take up. 由于未能记住这些符号,使得许多学生无法掌握他们选修的教学课程。 7. This higher cost is not entirely due to the shape of the part, or the use of a more expensive metal. 成本教高不完全是由于部件的形状,也不是由于使用的金属比较昂贵。 8. A chicken is a suitable specimen for the study of the general external features of a bird. 鸡是研究禽类外部特征的合适范例。 9. The flow of electrons is from the negative zinc plate to the positive copper plate. 电子从负的锌极流向正的铜极。 10. As a ship is loaded, it sinks deeper into the water, displacing an additional amount of water equal to the weight of the added load. 船装了货吃水更深,其排开的附加水量等于所装货的重量。 11.Non-mobile robots, capable of learning to perform an industrial task and then of being left to perform it tirelessly, are even now in use in industrial plants all over the world. 不能行走的机器人能学会做工,并能孜孜不倦地工作,今天在世界各地的工厂里得到了使用。 12.The result of the invention of the steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power. 蒸汽机发明的结果是, 机械力代替了人力。 13.Agricultural technique spreading centers have been set up everywhere in that province, helping farmers to do their work in a more scientific way. 该省已普遍成立了农技推广中心,帮助农民以更加科学的方法种田。 14.When two bodies oscillate at the same frequency, they are said to be in resonance. 当两个物体以相同的频率震动时, 我们说它们处于共振状态。 15.Temperature is changed quickly from room temperature to 125℃and is held there for at least 15 minutes. 使温度很快从室温升到125℃, 并至少保持15分钟。 16.After sealing the header is cleaned and then the leads are clipped to the desired length. 封焊后把管座清洗干净,然后把引线剪到所需长度。 17.The damage caused by acid rain can be alleviated by adding lime to lakes, rivers and streams and/or their catchments' areas. 往湖泊、河流和溪流及(或)它们的集水区中撒石灰,可以减轻酸雨所造成的损害。
研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译(1-10)
Unit 1 Genetically modified foods -- Feed the World? If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic of genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions -- and vocal green lobbies -- the idea seems against nature. 如果你想在某次晚宴上挑起一场激烈的争论，那就提出转基因食品的话题吧。对许多人来说，高科技的转基因作物生产的概念会带来诸如环境、健康、安全和伦理等方面的各种问题。特别是在有悠久的农业生产传统和主张环保的游说集团的国家里，转基因食品的主意似乎有悖自然。 In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the US last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic is out of the bottle. 事实上，转基因食品已经成为我们生活重要的一部分。根据农业部的统计，美国去年所种植玉米的1／3，大豆和棉花的一半以上都是生物技术的产物。今年，美国将种植6500多万英亩的转基因作物。基因妖怪已经从瓶子里跑出来了。 Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from -- and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks? 但是，显然还有一些非常现实的问题需要解决。就像任何一种要进入食物链的新食品一样，转基因食品必须经过严格的检验。在富裕的国家里，由于有大量丰富的食品可供选择，而且供应远远超过需求，所以关于生物技术的争论相对缓和一些。在迫切想要养活其迅速增长而又吃不饱的人口的发展中国家，问题比较简单，也更加紧迫：生物技术的好处是否大于风险呢? The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. And by 2050, the UN estimates, it will probably near 9 billion. Almost all that growth will occur in developing countries. At the same time, the world's available cultivable land per person is declining. Arable land has
科技英语文章翻译
科技英语文章翻译 任何作品均有特定的文体，原文的文体不同，翻译方法也随之而异。试观察下列几个片断的原文及其译文。 "It appears that you've got the offer of a very good job." "A wonderful job." "Are you going to take it ?" "I don't think so." "Why not?' "I don't want to." “听说有个很好的工作要你去干。” “挺好的工作。” “打算干吗？” “不。” “为什么不干？” “不想干。” 这是小说中的一段对说，属于口语文体。其特点是：用词自由，句法结构简单，短句与省略句多，自然朴素，生活气息浓厚。在译文中进一步体现汉语口语的特点，省去主语“你”、“我”；将英语的一个句子I don't think so。干脆译成一个字“不”，显得简洁有力。 She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, diffident manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about. 那妇人生着一副绵软多肉的体格，一张坦率开诚的面容，一种天真羞怯的神气。一双大落落的柔顺眼睛，里边隐藏着无穷的心事，只有那些对于凄惶无告的穷苦人面目作过同情观察的人才看得出来。上面五十一个词的片断，就运用了十个形容词，占五分之一。and in then dwelt such a shadow of distress是非常优美生动的文学语言，译文保持了一风格。
科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.
翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法
科技英语翻译
十个必须收藏的SCI论文翻译技巧 ? ?| ?浏览：8 ?| ?更新：2014-10-25 00:11 ?| ?标签：翻译 要使译文显得比较流畅和专业，就必须懂得技巧，专家整理收集了一些技巧，以供大家学习，下面为大家介绍必须收藏的十大技巧，英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的技巧作指导。常用的技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。 方法/步骤 1. 1 1.增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式， 在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如：（1）What about calling him right away?马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？（增译主语和谓语） 2. 2 2. 省译法：这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语 思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing.你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。（省译物主代词）
3. 3 3转换法：指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词；把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词；把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语；把谓语变成主语、定语、表语；把定语变成状语、主语；把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面，可以把主动语态变为被动语态。我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。Our institute is co-a dministrated by the States Education Commission and the municip al government. (名词转动词) 4. 4 4.拆句法和合并法：这是两种相对应的翻译方法。拆句法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简单的句子，通常用于英译汉；合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句，一般用于汉译英。I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people a re justly famous throughout the world.我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种热情好客而闻明世界的。（在定语从句前拆译） 5. 5 5.正译法和反译法：这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。在美国，人人都能买到枪。In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译)In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译) 6. 6