常用金融词汇

常用金融词汇

acquiring company 收购公司

bad loan 呆帐

chart of cash flow 现金流量表clearly-established ownership 产权清晰debt to equity 债转股

diversity of equities 股权多元化economy of scale 规模经济emerging economies 新兴经济exchange-rate regime 汇率机制

fund and financing 筹资融资

global financial architecture 全球金融体系

global integration, globality 全球一体化，全球化

go public 上市

growth spurt （经济的）急剧增长

have one's "two commas" 百万富翁hedge against 套期保值housing mortgage 住房按揭holdings 控股，所持股份holding company 控股公司

initial offerings 原始股

initial public offerings 首次公募

innovative business 创新企业intellectual capital 智力资本

inter-bank lending 拆借

internet customer 网上客户investment payoff period 投资回收期

joint-stock 参股

mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人means of production 生产要素(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases

大病医疗费用社会统筹

mergers and acquisitions 并购

mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业moods 人气

net potato 网虫

non-store seling 直销

offering 新股

online-banking 网上银行业online-finance 在线金融

online client （银行的）网上客户paper profit 帐面收益

physical assets 有形资产

project fund system 项目资本金制度pyramid sale 传销

recapitalize 资产重组

regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团regulate 调控

sell off 变现

share(stock) option 期权，股票认购权smart card 智能卡

slash prices 杀价

spare capacity 闲置的生产能力strong growth 强劲的增长势头switch trade 转手贸易take…public 上市

tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产transaction （银行的）交易

transfer payment from the exchequer

财政转移支付

venture-capital 风险资本

virtual bank 虚拟银行

wire transfer 电子转帐

常见金融词汇汇集

[ 作者: 来源:中国英语学习网点击次数:715 发布时间:2007-7-23 11:59:04 ]

big macs,big/large-cap stock,mega-issue 大盘股

offering,list 上市

bourse 证交所

corporate champion 龙头企业

Shanghai Exchange 上海证交所

pension fund 养老基金

mutual fund 共同基金

hedge mutual fund 对冲式共同基金

share 股票

valuation 股价

underwriter 保险商

government bond 政府债券

saving account 储蓄帐户

equity market 股市

shareholder 股东

delist 摘牌

mongey-loser 亏损企业

inventory 存货

traded company,trading enterprise 上市公司stakeholder 利益相关者

transparency 透明度

Msnbc:Microsoft national broadcast 微软全国广播公司

market fundamentalist 市场经济基本规则damage-contral machinery 安全顾问

efficient market 有效市场

intellectual property 知识产权

opportunistic practice 投机行为

WorldCom 世通公司

bribery 行贿

entrepreneur 企业家

cook the book 做假帐

regulatory system 监管体系

audit 审计

accounting firm 会计事务所

Great Depression 大萧条

portfolio 投资组合

money-market 短期资本市场

capitual-market 长期资本市场

volatility 波动

diversification 多元化

commodity 期货

real estate 房地产

option 期权

call option 看涨期权

put option 看跌期权

merger 并购

arbitrage 套利

Securities&Exchange Commission 〈美〉证券交易委员会

dollar standard 美元本位制

flight 贬值

budget 预算

deficit 赤字

bad debt 坏帐

output 产值

macroeconomic 宏观经济

fiscal stimulus 财政刺激

a store of value 保值

transaction currency 结算货币

forward exchange 期货交易

intervention currency 干预货币

Treasury bond 财政部公债

currnt-account 经常项目

pickup in rice 物价上涨

Federal Reserve 美联储

inflation 通货膨胀

deflation 通货紧缩

tighter credit 紧缩信贷

monetary policy 货币政策

awash in excess capacity 生产力过剩

foreigh exchange 外汇

spot transaction 即期交易

forward transaction 远期交易

option forward transaction 择期交易

swap transaction 调期交易

quote 报价

settlment and delivery 交割

buying rate 买入价

selling rate 卖出价

spread 差幅

contract 合同

at par 平价

premium 升水

discount 贴水

direct quoation method 直接报价法

indirect quoation method 间接报价法

dividend 股息

domestic currency 本币

floating rate 浮动利率

parent company 母公司

credit swap 互惠贷款

venture capital 风险资本

virtual value 虚拟价值

physical good 物质产品

abstract good 抽象产品

Patent&Trademark Office 专利与商标局

book value 帐面价值

physical capital 实际资本

IPO:initial public offering 新股首发

job machine 就业市场

welfare capitalism 福利资本主义collective market cap 市场资本总值

golbal corporation 跨国公司

transnational status 跨国优势

transfer price 转让价格

General Accounting Office 〈美〉会计总会consolidation 兼并

leveraged 杠杆

常见银行英语词汇

[ 作者: 来源: 点击次数:602 发布时

间:2007-7-23 13:21:35 ]

account number 帐目编号

depositor 存户

pay-in slip 存款单

a deposit form 存款单

a banding machine 自动存取机

to deposit 存款

deposit receipt 存款收据

private deposits 私人存款

certificate of deposit 存单

deposit book, passbook 存折

credit card 信用卡

principal 本金

overdraft, overdraw 透支

to counter sign 双签

to endorse 背书

endorser 背书人

to cash 兑现

to honor a cheque 兑付

to dishonor a cheque 拒付

to suspend payment 止付

cheque,check 支票

cheque book 支票本

order cheque 记名支票

bearer cheque 不记名支票

crossed cheque 横线支票

blank cheque 空白支票

rubber cheque 空头支票

cheque stub, counterfoil 票根

cash cheque 现金支票

traveler's cheque 旅行支票

cheque for transfer 转帐支票

outstanding cheque 未付支票

canceled cheque 已付支票

forged cheque 伪支票

Bandar's note 庄票，银票

banker 银行家

president 行长

savings bank 储蓄银行

Chase Bank 大通银行

National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行

Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行

Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行

central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行

bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行

commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行

exchange bank 汇兑银行

requesting bank 委托开证银行

issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行

confirming bank 保兑银行

paying bank 付款银行

associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行

local bank 本地银行

domestic bank 国内银行

overseas bank 国外银行

unincorporated bank 钱庄

branch bank 银行分行

trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行

trust company 信托公司

financial trust 金融信托公司

unit trust 信托投资公司

trust institution 银行的信托部

credit department 银行的信用部

commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所

credit union 合作银行

credit bureau 商业兴信所

self-service bank 无人银行

land bank 土地银行

construction bank 建设银行

industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行

mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行

post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行

home loan bank 家宅贷款银行

reserve bank 准备银行

chartered bank 特许银行

corresponding bank 往来银行

merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行

import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行

joint venture bank 合资银行

money shop, native bank 钱庄

credit cooperatives 信用社

clearing house 票据交换所

public accounting 公共会计

business accounting 商业会计

cost accounting 成本会计

depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计

general ledger 总帐

subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐

cash account 现金帐

journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐

bad debts 坏帐

investment 投资

surplus 结余

idle capital 游资

economic cycle 经济周期

economic boom 经济繁荣

economic recession 经济衰退

economic depression 经济萧条

economic crisis 经济危机

economic recovery 经济复苏

inflation 通货膨胀

deflation 通货收缩

devaluation 货币贬值

revaluation 货币增值

international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差

adverse balance 逆差

hard currency 硬通货

soft currency 软通货

international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量

note issue 纸币发行量

national budget 国家预算

national gross product 国民生产总值

public bond 公债

stock, share 股票

debenture 债券

treasury bill 国库券

debt chain 债务链

direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇

indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇

cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率

foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备

foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机

discount 贴现

discount rate, bank rate 贴现率

gold reserve 黄金储备

money (financial) market 金融市场

stock exchange 股票交易所

broker 经纪人

commission 佣金

bookkeeping 簿记

bookkeeper 簿记员

an application form 申请单

bank statement 对帐单

letter of credit 信用证

strong room, vault 保险库

equitable tax system 等价税则

specimen signature 签字式样

banking hours, business hours 营业时间

国际金融和国际金融市场

[ 作者: 来源:https://www.360docs.net/doc/e64021723.html, 点击次数:659 发布

时间:2007-7-23 11:28:25 ]

The word "finance" signifies capital in monetary form, that is

in the form of funds lent or borrowed,normally for capital

purposes, through financial markets or financial institutions.

When finance goes international, it is then an international

finance.

Financial market is a place where financial transactions take

place.When a financial transaction takes place between a resident

of a country and a non-resident, it is an international financial

transaction, and the place where the transaction is traded is

called an international financial market.

金融，就是以货币形式表示的资本，换句话说，就是通常为了资本目

的通过金融市场或金融机构已借贷资金形式构成

的资本。当金融国际化了，

就成了国际金融。金融市场就是各种金融交易发生的场所。当一笔金融业

务发生在一个国家的居民和非居民之间，就成了国际金融业务，而这笔交

易发生的场所就是国际金融市场。

Normally a financial market consists of foreign exchange

market, money market, bond market and equity market.The last two

markets usually fall into the category of securities market or

capital market.

通常，金融市场包括外汇市场、货币市场、债券市场和股票市场。债

券市场和股票市场又统称为资本市场。

Foreign exchange market deals with the exchanges of different

means of payment.Because the relative values among different

currencies will fluctuate according to economic and political

circumstances of the currencies of the relative countries, foreign

exchange markets provide services for international investors or

financiers such as forward transactions and foreign currency

futures to eliminate such risks.

外汇市场处理不同支付手段的兑换。由于不同货币之间的相对价值会

随着相关国家经济和政治情况的变化而波动，外汇市场为国际投资者和融

资家减少风险而提供了一些服务，例如远期交易、外汇期货等。

Most of the savings and investment transfers take place in the

domestic market of a country.However, domestic investors may

purchase foreign securities and may invest in foreign financial

institutions.Strictly speaking,it is a "foreign" financial market.

A significnat aspect of such international transactions is that

all transcations are directly subject to the rules, usance,

institutional arrangements, offcial policy governing foreign

transcations in the respective domestic markets.

大多数储蓄和投资业务是发生在一国的国内

市场。但是，国内的投资

者也可以购买外国证券和在外国金融机构内投资。严格的说，这是“外国”

金融市场。“外国”金融市场的一个显著特征就是，所有交易都直接受各

自国内市场的规章、管理、机构协议以及有关国外交易的官方政策的制约。

The Euromarket, which is defined as a market where financial

instruments traded are denominated in currencies other than the

currency of the country where the market is located.It is, in the

true sense, an external financial market.The important distinction

between the external financial market and the domestic financial

market lies in that Eurocurrecy banking is not subject to domistic

banking regulations. Today the Euromarket has become an

indispensable element of the international financial market.

欧洲市场，就是在该市场上交易的金融工具都是用欧洲货币来标价而

不是用市场所在地国家的货币来标价。欧洲市场是真正意义上的境外金融

市场。境外金融市场和国内金融市场的重要区别是欧洲货币银行业务不受

国内银行规章制度的管辖。今天，欧洲市场已成为

国际金融市场不可分割

的一个部分。

国际会计术语

[ 作者: 来源: 点击次数:685 发布时

间:2007-7-23 13:25:41 ]

Account 帐户

Accounting system 会计系统

American Accounting Association 美国会计协会

American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会

Audit 审计

Balance sheet 资产负债表

Bookkeepking 簿记

Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测

Certificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书

Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师

Cost accounting 成本会计

External users 外部使用者

Financial accounting 财务会计

Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会

Financial forecast 财务预测

Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则

General-purpose information 通用目的信息Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室

Income statement 损益表

Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会

Integrity 整合性

Internal auditing 内部审计

Internal control structure 内部控制结构Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署

Internal users 内部使用者

Management accounting 管理会计

Return of investment 投资回报

Return on investment 投资报酬

Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会

Statement of cash flow 现金流量表

Statement of financial position 财务状况表Tax accounting 税务会计

Accounting equation 会计等式

Articulation 勾稽关系

Assets 资产

Business entity 企业个体

Capital stock 股本

Corporation 公司

Cost principle 成本原则

Creditor 债权人

Deflation 通货紧缩

Disclosure 批露

Expenses 费用Financial statement 财务报表

Financial activities 筹资活动

Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设Inflation 通货膨涨

Investing activities 投资活动

Liabilities 负债

Negative cash flow 负现金流量

Operating activities 经营活动

Owner's equity 所有者权益

Partnership 合伙企业

Positive cash flow 正现金流量

Retained earning 留存利润

Revenue 收入

Sole proprietorship 独资企业

Solvency 清偿能力

Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设Stockholders 股东

Stockholders' equity 股东权益

Window dressing 门面粉饰

经济金融术语汉英对照表A－C

[ 作者: 来源: 点击次数:367 发布时

间:2007-7-23 13:43:35 ]

A

安全网safety net

按可比口径on comparable basis

按轻重缓急to prioritize

暗补implicit subsidy

暗亏hidden loss

B

颁发营业执照to license;to grant a licence to 办理存款业务to take deposits

保护农民的生产积极性to protect

farmers'incentive to produce

备付金（超额准备金）excess reserves

本外币并账consolidation of domestic and foreign currencyaccounts

本外币对冲操作sterilization operation

本位利益localized interest;departmentalism 奔小康to strive to prosper;to strive to become well-to-do

避税（请见“逃税”）tax avoidance

币种搭配不当currency mismatch

币种构成currency composition

变相社会集资disguised irregular（or illegal）fund raising

表外科目（业务）off-balance-sheet items （operation）

薄弱环节weaknesses;loopholes

不变成本fixed cost

不变价at constant price;in real terms

不动产real estate

不良贷款（资产）problem loans；

non-performing loans（assets）

C

财务公司finance companies

财政赤字fiscal deficit

财政挤银行fiscal pressure on the central bank

（over monetary policy）

财政政策与货币政策的配合coordination of fiscal and monetary policies

采取循序渐进的方法in a phased and sequenced manner

操作弹性operational flexibility

操纵汇率to manipulate exchange rate

产品构成product composition;product mix

产品积压stock pile;excessive inventory

产销率current period inventory;（即期库存，不含前期库存）sales/output ratio

产销衔接marketability

产业政策industrial policy

长期国债treasury bonds

敞口头寸open position

炒股to speculate in the stock market

承购包销underwrite（securities）

成套机电产品complete sets of

equipment;complete plant（s）

城市信用社urban credit cooperatives（UCCs）城市合作银行urban cooperative

banks;municipal united banks

城市商业银行municipal commercial banks

城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅real growth in household income

持续升温persistent overheating

重复布点duplicate projects

重置成本replacement cost

重组计划restructuring plan

筹资渠道funding sources;financing channels 初见成效initial success

出口统一管理、归口经营canalization of exports 出口退税export tax rebate

储蓄存款household deposits（不完全等同于西方的savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。）

储蓄分流diversion of household deposits

储源萎缩decline in the availability of household savings

传导机制transmission mechanism

从价税ad valorem tax

从紧控制tight control

存贷款比例loan/deposit ratio

存款保险体系deposit insurance system

存款货币银行deposit money banks

存款准备金required reserves

经济金融术语汉英对照表D－F

[ 作者: 来源: 点击次数:680 发布时

间:2007-7-23 13:33:21 ]

D

打白条issue IOU

大额存单certificate of deposit（CD）

大额提现withdraw deposits in large amounts 大面积滑坡wide-spread decline

大一统的银行体制（all-in-one）mono-bank system

呆账（请见“坏账”）bad loans

呆账准备金loan loss reserves（provisions）呆滞贷款idle loans

贷款沉淀non-performing loans

贷款分类loan classification

贷款限额管理credit control;to impose credit ceiling

贷款约束机制credit disciplinary（constraint）mechanism

代理国库to act as fiscal agent

代理金融机构贷款make loans on behalf of other institutions

戴帽贷款ear-marked loans

倒逼机制reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition

道德风险moral hazard

地区差别regional disparity

第一产业the primary industry

第二产业the secondary industry

第三产业the service industry;the tertiary industry

递延资产deferrable assets

订货不足insufficient orders

定期存款time deposits

定向募集raising funds from targeted sources 东道国（请见“母国”）host country

独立核算independent accounting

短期国债treasury bills

对冲操作sterilization operation;hedging

对非金融部门债权claims on non-financial sector

多种所有制形式diversified ownership

E

恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation

二级市场secondary market

F

发行货币to issue currency

发行总股本total stock issue

法定准备金required reserves;reserve requirement

法人股institutional shares

法人股东institutional shareholders

法治rule of law

房地产投资real estate investment

放松银根to ease monetary policy

非现场稽核off-site surveillance（or monitoring）

非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions 非赢利性机构non-profit organizations

分税制assignment of central and local taxes;tax assignment system

分业经营segregation of financial business （services）;division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions

风险暴露（风险敞口）risk exposure

风险管理risk management

风险意识risk awareness

风险资本比例risk-weighted capital ratios

风险资本标准risk-based capital standard

服务事业收入public service charges;user's charges

扶贫poverty alleviation

负增长negative growth

复式预算制double-entry budgeting;capital and current budgetary account

G

改革试点reform experimentation

杠杆率leverage ratio

杠杆收购leveraged buyout

高息集资to raise funds by offering high interest

个人股non-institutional shares

根本扭转fundamental turnaround（or reversal）

公开市场操作open market operations

公款私存deposit public funds in personal accounts

公用事业public utilities

公有经济the state-owned sector;the public sector

公有制public ownership

工业成本利润率profit-to-cost ratio

工业增加值industrial value added

供大于求supply exceeding demand;excessive supply

鼓励措施incentives

股份合作企业joint-equity cooperative enterprises

股份制企业joint-equity enterprises

股份制银行joint-equity banks

固定资产贷款fixed asset loans

关税减免tariff reduction and exemption

关税减让tariff concessions

关税优惠tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment

规范行为to regularize（or standardize）…behavior

规模效益economies of scale

国计民生national interest and people's livelihood

国家对个人其他支出other government outlays to individuals

国家风险country risk

国际分工international division of labor

国际收支balance of payments

国有独资商业银行wholly state-owned commercial banks

国有经济（部门）the state-owned（or public）sector

国有企业state-owned enterprises（SOEs）

国有制state-ownership

国有资产流失erosion of state assets

国债回购government securities repurchase

国债一级自营商primary underwriters of government securities 过度竞争excessive competition

过度膨胀excessive expansion

过热迹象signs of overheating

H

合理预期rational expectation

核心资本core capital

合资企业joint-venture enterprises

红利dividend

宏观经济运营良好sound macroeconomic performance

宏观经济基本状况macroeconomic fundamentals

宏观调控macroeconomic management（or adjustment）

宏观调控目标macroeconomic objectives（or targets）

坏账bad debt

还本付息debt service

换汇成本unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings

汇兑在途funds in float

汇兑支出advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank

汇率并轨unification of exchange rates

活期存款demand deposits

汇率失调exchange rate misalignment

混合所有制diversified（mixed）ownership

货币政策态势monetary policy stance

货款拖欠overdue obligations to suppliers

J

基本建设投资investment in infrastructure

基本经济要素economic fundamentals

基本适度broadly appropriate

基准利率benchmark interest rate

机关团体存款deposits of non-profit institutions

机会成本opportunity cost

激励机制incentive mechanism

积压严重heavy stockpile;excessive inventory 挤提存款run on banks

挤占挪用unwarranted diversion of（financial）resources（from designated uses）

技改投资investment in technological upgrading

技术密集型产品technology-intensive product 计划单列市municipalities with independent planning status

计划经济planned economy

集体经济the collective sector

加大结构调整力度to intensify structural adjustment

加工贸易processing trade

加快态势accelerating trend

加强税收征管稽查to enhance tax administration

加权价weighted average price

价格放开price liberalization

价格形成机制pricing mechanism

减亏to reduce losses

简化手续to cut red tape;to simplify （streamline）procedures

交投活跃brisk trading

缴存准备金to deposit required reserves

结构扭曲structural distortion

结构失调structural imbalance

结构性矛盾突出acute structural imbalance

结构优化structural improvement （optimization）

结汇、售汇sale and purchase of foreign exchange

金融脆弱financial fragility

金融动荡financial turbulence

金融风波financial disturbance

金融恐慌financial panic

金融危机financial crisis

金融压抑financial repression

金融衍生物financial derivatives

金融诈骗financial fraud

紧缩银根to tighten monetary policy

紧缩政策austerity policies;tight financial policies

经常账户可兑换current account convertibility 经济特区special economic zones（SEZs）

经济体制改革economic reform

经济增长方式的转变change in the main source of economic growth（from investment expansion to efficiency gains）

经济增长减速economic slowdown;moderation in economic growth

经济制裁economic sanction

经营自主权autonomy in management

景气回升recovery in business activity

境外投资overseas investment

竞争加剧intensifying competition

局部性金融风波localized（isolated）financial disturbance

K

开办人民币业务to engage in RMB business

可维持（可持续）经济增长sustainable economic growth

可变成本variable cost

可自由兑换货币freely convertible currency

控制现金投放control currency issuance

扣除物价因素in real terms;on

inflation-adjusted basis

库存产品inventory

跨国银行业务cross-border banking

跨年度采购cross-year procurement

会计准则accounting standard L

来料加工processing of imported materials for export

离岸银行业务off-shore banking（business）理顺外贸体制to rationalize foreign trade regime

利率杠杆的调节作用the role of interest rates in resource allocation

利润驱动profit-driven

利息回收率interest collection ratio

联行清算inter-bank settlement

连锁企业franchise（businesses）;chain businesses

良性循环virtuous cycle

两极分化growing income

disparity;polarization in income distribution

零售物价指数retail price index（RPI）

流动性比例liquidity ratio

流动资产周转率/流通速度velocity of liquid assets

流动资金贷款working capital loans

流通体制distribution system

流通网络distribution network

留购（租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物）hire purchase

垄断行业monopolized industry（sector）

乱集资irregular（illegal）fund raising

乱收费irregular（illegal）charges

乱摊派unjustified（arbitrary）levies

M

买方市场buyer's market

卖方市场seller's market

卖出回购证券matched sale of repo

贸易差额trade balance

民间信用non-institutionalized credit

免二减三exemption of income tax for the first two years ofmaking profit and 50% tax reduction for thefollowing three years

明补explicit subsidy

明亏explicit loss

名牌产品brand products

母国（请见“东道国”）home country

N

内部控制internal control

内部审计internal audit

内地与香港the mainland and Hong Kong

内债domestic debt

扭亏为盈to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one

扭曲金融分配distorted allocation of financial resources

农副产品采购支出outlays for agricultural

procurement

农村信用社rural credit cooperatives（RCCs）

P

泡沫效应bubble effect

泡沫经济bubble economy

培育新的经济增长点to tap new sources of economic growth

片面追求发展速度excessive pursuit of growth 平衡发展balanced development

瓶颈制约bottleneck（constraints）

平稳回升steady recovery

铺底流动资金initial（start-up）working capital 普遍回升broad-based recovery

配套改革concomitant（supporting）reforms 配套人民币资金local currency funding of…

Q

企业办社会enterprises burdened with social responsibilities

企业集团战略corporate group strategy

企业兼并重组company merger and restructuring

企业领导班子enterprise management

企业所得税enterprise（corporate）income tax 企业效益corporate profitability

企业资金违规流入股市irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market

欠税tax arrears

欠息overdue interest

强化税收征管to strengthen tax administration 强制措施enforcement action

翘尾因素carryover effect

切一刀partial application

清理收回贷款clean up and recover loans

（破产）清算liquidation

倾斜政策preferential policy

区别对待differential treatment

趋势加强intensifying trend

全球化globalization

权益回报率returns on equity（ROE）

缺乏后劲unsustainable momentum

R

绕规模贷款to circumvent credit ceiling

人均国内生产总值per capita GDP

人均收入per capita income

人民币升值压力upward pressure on the Renminbi（exchange rate）

认缴资本subscribed capital

软贷款soft loans

软预算约束soft budget constraint

软着陆soft landing W

外部审计external audit

外国直接投资foreign direct investment （FDI）外汇储备foreign exchange reserves

外汇调剂foreign exchange swap

外汇占款the RMB counterpart of foreign exchange reserves;the RMB equivalent of offcial foreign exchange holdings

外向型经济export-oriented economy

外债external debt

外资企业foreign-funded enterprises

完善现代企业制度to improve the modern enterprise system

完税凭证tax payment documentation

违法经营illegal business

委托存款entrusted deposits

稳步增长steady growth

稳健的银行系统 a sound banking system

稳中求进to make progress while ensuring stability

无纸交易book-entry（or paperless/scriptless）transaction

物价监测price monitoring

X

吸纳流动性to absorb liquidity

稀缺经济scarcity economy

洗钱money laundering

系统内调度fund allocation within a bank

系统性金融危机systemic financial crisis

下岗工人laid-off employees

下游企业down-stream enterprises

现场稽核on-site examination

现金滞留（居民手中）cash held outside the banking system

乡镇企业township and village enterprises （TVEs）

消费物价指数consumer price index（CPI）

消费税excise（consumption）tax

消灭财政赤字to balance the budget;to eliminate fiscal deficit

销货款回笼reflow of corporate sales income to the banking system

销售平淡lackluster sales

协议外资金额committed amount of foreign investment

新经济增长点new sources of economic growth

新开工项目new projects;newly started projects

新增贷款incremental credit; loan increment; credit growth; credit expansion

新增就业位置new jobs;new job opportunities 信贷规模考核review the compliance with credit ceilings

信号失真distorted signals

信托投资公司trust and investment companies 信息不对称information asymmetry

信息反馈feedback（information）

信息共享系统information sharing system

信息披露information disclosure

信用扩张credir expansion

信用评级credit rating

姓“资”还是姓“社”pertaining to socialism or capitalism;socialist orcaptialist

行政措施administrative measures

需求膨胀demand expansion; excessive demand

虚伪存款window-dressing deposits

削减冗员to shed excess labor force

寻租rent seeking

迅速反弹quick rebound

Y

养老基金pension fund

一刀切universal

application;non-discretionary implementation 一级市场primary market

应收未收利息overdue interest

银行网点banking outlets

赢利能力profitability

营业税business tax

硬贷款（商业贷款）commercial loans

用地审批to grant land use right

有管理的浮动汇率managed floating exchange rate

证券投资portfolio investment

游资（热钱）hot money

有市场的产品marketable products

有效供给effective supply

诱发新一轮经济扩张trigger a new round of economic expansion

逾期贷款overdue loans;past-due loans

与国际惯例接轨to become compatible with internationally accepted

与国际市场接轨to integrate with the world market

预算外支出（收入）off-budget

（extra-budgetary）expenditure（revenue）预调pre-emptive adjustment

月环比on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis

Z

再贷款central bank lending

在国际金融机构储备头寸reserve position in international financial institutions

在人行存款deposits at （with）the central bank

在途资金fund in float

增加农业投入to increase investment in agriculture 增势减缓deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum

增收节支措施revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures

增长平稳steady growth

增值税value-added tax（VAT）

涨幅偏高higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth

账外账concealed accounts

折旧depreciation

整顿retrenchment;consolidation

政策工具policy instrument

政策性业务policy-related operations

政策性银行policy banks

政策组合policy mix

政府干预government intervention

证券交易清算settlement of securities transactions

证券业务占款funding of securities purchase 支付困难payment difficulty

支付能力payment capacity

直接调控方式向to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments

间接调控方式转变职能转换transformation of functions

职业道德professional ethics

指令性措施mandatory measures

指令性计划mandatory plan;administered plan 制定和实施货币政策to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy

滞后影响lagged effect

中介机构intermediaries

中央与地方财政delineation of fiscal responsibilities

分灶吃饭重点建设key construction

projects;key investment project

周期谷底bottom（trough）of business cycle 周转速度velocity

主办银行main bank

主权风险sovereign risk

注册资本registered capital

逐步到位to phase in;phased implementation 逐步取消to phase out

抓大放小to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large

state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）

专款专用use of funds as ear-marked

转贷on-lending

转轨经济transition economy

转机turnaround

转折关头turning point

准财政赤字quasi-fiscal deficit

准货币quasi-money

资本不足under-capitalized

资本充足率capital adequacy ratio

资本利润率return on capital

资本账户可兑换capital account convertibility 资不抵债insolvent;insolvency

资产负债表balance sheet

资产负债率liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets

资产集中asset concentration

资产贡献率asset contribution factor

资产利润率return on assets （ROA）

资产质量asset quality

资产组合asset portfolio

资金成本cost of funding;cost of

capital;financing cost

资金到位fully funded （project）

资金宽裕to have sufficient funds

资金利用率fund utilization rate

资金缺口financing gap

资金体外循环financial disintermediation

资金占压funds tied up

自筹投资项目self-financed projects

自有资金equity fund

综合国力overall national strength（often measured by GDP）

综合效益指标overall efficiency indicator

综合治理comprehensive adjustment （retrenchment）;over-haul

总成交额total contract value

总交易量total amount of transactions

总成本total cost

最后贷款人lender of last resort