八年级下册英语期中考试复习知识点梳理

八下中考Unit 1-6 知识梳理

Unit 1 What's the matter?

【语法】同义句

问：What’s the matter / trouble/ problem (with sb．)?

=What’s your trouble/ matter/ problem?

= What’s up? = What happens to sb.?（某人）出什么事了？

=What’s wrong (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？

=Are you OK?你没事吧？

=Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事吗？

【辨析】trouble【麻烦：make trouble】; matter【事情】;

problem【难度大：solve problem】; question【难度小：ask/ answer question】

答：①某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.

某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位．He has a sore throat．他喉咙痛。

③某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词．He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。

④某部位+hurt(s). My head hurts badly．我头痛得厉害。

⑤某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位，I have a pain in my chest．我胸口痛。

【语法】should + 动原【四个句型】

【重点词汇掌握】

1. 反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself.

2. (1)few +可名复，有否定意义。(2)a few +可名复，“几个，数个”，有肯定意义。

(3)little +不可数，有否定意义，“很少，几乎无”(4)a little+不可数，“一些”，有肯定意。

He has ______ friends. 他有几个朋友。He has _______ friends. 他几乎没有朋友。We still have ______ time. 我们还有点时间。There is ______ time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。

3. much too +adj./ adv.“太...... ”，too much+U名; too many + C名，很多，大量

There are _____ _____noise in the classroom. There are ____ _____ old books in the library

4. Also, too与either三者都表示“也”。但是用法有区别。

(1)too用于肯定句，句末，有逗号隔开；句中，前后都加逗号。

(2)also句中，be等助动词后，实义动词前。

(3)either用于否定句，句末，并用逗号隔开(4)neither 作代词“两者都不”

He is not there, _______. 他也不在那儿。She _______learns English.她也学英语。

He likes English,______. 她也喜欢英语。You may use _____book.两本书你可以随便用一本。

______answer is wrong.两个答案都不对。I don’t like him. ______ do I.我不喜欢他。我也是。

5.Be used to do sth. 被用来....

Be/ get used to doing sth.习惯于... Used to do sth.过去常常做....

I used to _____(sleep) late, but now I used to _____(sleep) early. The pen is used to ____(write)

6.Give up going sth.放弃做某事

【名】matter, fever, cough, passenger, risk, kilo, rock, knife, spirit

【动】躺lie, lying, lay; hit; hurt; break; mean;die

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parts.

【语法】一般将来时复习：will do, be going to do (标志词：will; “ -’ll ” ; won’t; tomorrow;next 动词不定式：help to do; need to do; decide to do; want to do; used to do【见附表DD】

【重点词汇掌握】

1.Alone（一个人的事实live alone）, lonely（感觉孤独寂寞lonely man）

The man live _____ in the country, but he never feel ______.

2.Raise（筹集，raise money, 外力升）, rise（自己升The sun rises up every day.）

3.短语：Cheer up使变得高兴，振奋起来Give away赠送，分发Come true实现

Come up with= think of想出，提出Put off 推迟Call up 打电话给某人Care for照顾，Make a difference影响，有作用Run out of 用尽，耗尽Give out 分发，散发

【名】volunteer, sign, notice, joy, owner, letter, deaf, door, train, interest,

【动】volunteer,cheer, notice, feel, raise, repair, fix,miss, open, carry, understand, change

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room？

【语法】Could 引导的句子【四项】

复习情态动词：

can, could(能，可以); must , have to(必须); should, ought to(应该); need(需要，必要); may(可能); maybe(名，副词：也许，或许); may be (情态动词：也许可能); had better do(最好做); 【重点词汇掌握】

1.短语：

Do chores 做家务Do the dishes洗餐具in a mess; Take out 拿走; all the time= always总是; as soon as; in order to为了; d epend on依靠; take care of= look after=care for照顾; As a result 结果Make the bed 整理床铺Hang out闲逛，常去At l eas t至少A waste of time浪费时间

2.Borrow(借来，进)和lend(借给，出)

3.fair n. fairness 公平；公正unfair不公平

【名】rubbish, floor, shirt, finger, neighbor, ill,

【动】fold；sweep; throw；pass；borrow；lend；hate；waste；provide；depend；develop,drop Unit 4 W hy don’t you talk to your parents?

【语法】提建议的句子：

(1) What about doing sth. ?=How about doing sth.? ….怎么样？

(2)Why don’t you do sth.?= Why not do sth.= Why do/ does sb. do....? 为什么不呢？

(3) Let’s do sth. 让我们一起做....。(4) Shall we/I do sth.? 我们做…好吗？

(5) had better do/not do sth. 最好做/不做....(6) Will/Would you please do sth. 请你做…

(7) Would you like to do sth.? 你想去...？(8) Would you mind doing sth.？你介意做....？

【回答】(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：（不包括mind ）

Good idea. / That’s good idea. 好主意OK/ All right. / Great. 好/ 行/太好了

Yes, please. / I’d love to. 是的/ 我愿意I agree with you. 我同意你的看法

No problem. Yes, I think so. 对，我也这样想Sure./ Of course./ Certainly. 当然可以

(2).表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：I don’t think so. 我认为不是这样Sorry, I can’t. I’d love to, but…我愿意，但恐怕……I’m afraid… 恐怕……

【语法】状语从句

分类：时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。

1.until引导的时间状语从句until“直到；在......之前”。和not.....until“直到.....才”

We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops.

2. so that引导的目的状语从句so that是连词，“为的是，以便”，引导目的状语从句。

Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.

3. although引导的状语从句

① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it. 尽管这本书很旧，我们还是决定买。

【重点词汇掌握】

【短语】Too many太多Be good at 擅长Talk about 谈论On the phone在电话中Look through 快速查看，浏览.Give back归还Big deal重要的事Thanks for因...而感谢Work out成功地发展，解决.Get on with和睦相处，Communicate with sb.与...交谈Next time下次Make friends交朋友Be worried about 担心.Be afraid of害怕Cut out 删除，删去All kinds of 各种各样的In one’s opinion依...看instead of而不是，代替Want to do sth, 想要做某事.Find sb. doing sth. Tell sb. to do sth. Refuse to do sth. Let sb. do sth. Offer to do sth. Not...until... Want sb. to do sth. It’s time for sth. It’s + adj. + to do sth. Keep on doing

1. allow sb to do sth 允许My parents don’t allow me ___( stay)up late. 我父母不允许我熬夜。

2. angry adj.生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地

1). be angry with sb.. =be mad at sb.. 对某人生气【with后接人】

2).be angry at/about sth.对某事感到生气【at后接事】

3.get on with 1)．（事情）进展2)．与…友好相处

get on with sb. =get along with sb.= be good with 和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好

get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏

4. compete v竞争；对抗→ competition n 竞争

1）. compete against/ with 与……竞争We can’t compete with them on price.

2）. compete for为……参加比赛Thirty people had to compete for only ten openings.

3）. compete in,参加……竞争，在…上竞争、比赛Five children competed in the race. 三opinion 5.1).compare…with…把…与..做比较And they are always comparing them with other children. 2). compare…to…把…..比做……People often compare the life to a stage.

6.perhaps，probably，possibly，

1). perhaps意为“也许，可能”

2). probably“很可能，大概”

3). possibly意为“可能，或许，也许”，可能性较大。

4). Maybe副词“或许，大概”，主要用于非正式场合，常用在口语中，语气比perhaps轻。

5). may be情态动词+ be结构，“也许”

Maybe you put the letter in your basket. 或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。

7.argue with sb.. 与某人争吵argue about sth. 争论某事argue against 争辩；反对

argument n 争论have an argument with sb..与某人辩论

【名】wrong, relation, cloud, pressure, opinion, skill,development, cause

【动】Allow; guess; deal; communication; argue; c ommunicate; explain; copy; return; complete; continue; compare; push

【形】elder, nervous, typical, crazy, clear, usual, quick, second

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

【语法】过去进行时was/ were doing sth.【标志词；四项句式】

【重点词汇掌握】

短语：Go off离开pick up捡起fall asleep睡着in silence沉默take down记下at first首先be in control of掌管掌控Wait for等候Look for寻找Make sure确保Have fun (in) doing sth玩的开心die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失Take photos照相Turn on / down调大、小Right away立刻，马上Because of 因为Make one’s way to费力前往Tell the truth说实话Point out指出Three times a week一周三次Be busy doing sth.忙于做某事See sb. doing sth.看某人做某事Try to do sth.努力做某事Have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难

1. Begin to do 和begin doing 的区别

1). 主语是物不是人：It begin to rain; The ice begins to melt

2). 本身为ing形式：He is beginning to realize the importance of learning English.

3). 其后动词与想法、感情有关：They began to understand each other.

4). to do表示一次性的动作；而doing表示习惯性、长期性的动作。

2. (1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。

(2) too 也，用于肯定句句末，需要加一个逗号。(3) either也，通常放于否定句末

(4) as well 也，通常也放在句末，可以和too互换。

3. against 倚；碰；撞,反对【反义词follow】

4. (1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 (强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初)

(2) first of all 首先，第一 (表明陈述事情的重要性) Ben could not sleep at first.

5.die down和die out的区别。

die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；

6.. 【复习】词义辨析：1）join /join in/ take part in 2）get/ reach/ arrive

(1)We want to _____________ the running, do you want to ____________us?

(2)Do you want to______________the school sport meeting?

(3)I ______ in China at 8:00, then I found a car to _____ to a bus station, so I could take No.5 bus. I finally _____ there at 12:00.

7. remember to do sth与remember doing sth【复习：forget to do没做/ forget doing做过】

⑴ remember to do sth记得要去做某事（此事还未做）

⑵ remember doing sth记得做过某事（此事已做完）

Jim, remember _________(lock) the door before you leave for home.

I remember _______(lock) the door before I go home.

8. wood 1)不可数，“木头，木材”apiece of wood一块木头

2)可数名词，意为“树林”，常用复数She is afraid of walk through the woods at night.

9. fall asleep 意为“进入梦乡，睡着”反义词：wake up意为“醒来，把。。。弄醒”

10. the rest of ……“剩余的。。。” Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.

11. silence 不可数名词，意为“沉默，缄默，无声”，常用短语：in silence沉默，无声

silent形容词“寂静的，无声的”She is eating dinner in silence.

12. have trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难或麻烦”

have fun = have a good time= enjoy oneself 玩的开心，作乐Have fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣13. close 1) 形容词，意为“亲密的，亲近的，近的”Jenny is one of my close friends.

2) 动词，意为“关闭” Close the door, please.

14. over 介词，意为“多于；超过（某数量，时间，价钱等）”=more than。Over “结束” Class is over.

15. mean (meant, meant) 及物动词，意为“意思是” What does this word mean?

Meaning 名词，意为“意思，含义”（既可数也不可数）What is the meaning of this word? 16.passage n. 章，节，段落

【名】alarm, storm, light, report, area, wood, window, match, kid, passage, pupil, date, tower, truth 【动】alarm, begin, match, report, beat, rise, raise, realize, fall,

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.

1. speak, tell, talk、say辨析

(1) speak指说话的能力或说某种语言，强调说的动作，不是所说的内容speak English

(2) tell告诉；讲述，强调讲给别人听。单方讲tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事；

tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事；tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事

(3) talk指连续不断地讲话，交谈，侧重两者之间相互说话。talk with /to sb.；talk about

(4) Say 用作及物动词，强调说话的内容say it in English. 用英语说

【记1】(1) 说某种语言用speak speak English 说英语

(2) 与某人交谈用talk talk with sb.= talk to sb. 与某人交谈

(3) 强调说话内容用say say it in English 用英语说

(4) 告诉某人用tell tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事

2. silly，foolish, stupid,

(1) foolish无头脑的、缺乏常识的、缺乏判断能力的。(2) Stupid指“智力差的”、“反应迟钝的”。(3) Silly指“头脑简单、不懂事的”、“傻头傻脑的”。

Don’t be ________!别傻！He is ________ to throw away such a chance.

Mary made a ________ mistake.玛丽犯了一个笨拙的错误。

3. other其他的，后跟名词，没有数量限制(泛指).the other另一个，两者中的另一个Others 一些（人）some… others… 一些…… 一些……

the others 其余的，指在一个范围内的其他全部another 另一个；另外的只能修饰可数名词的单数.表示三者以上的不确数中的另一个.

(1)I have two pens, one is a red, __________ is a black.

(2) Lisa is taller than the _________ in our class.

(3) They are very different from one ________. 他们互相之间差别很大。

(4) Some students like English and _____ students don’t like English.

4. neither of +名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式

Neither... nor...既不…也不…连接两个词做主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则

either... or ... “或者......或者......”both...and ...“既......又......”

(1)______ John ______ Ann have got a pen friend.

(2)I ________ smoke ______drink.

(3) Neither I nor she ________(know) the matter. Neither of them _______ teacher.

(4) When the girls is happy, she _______ sings _______ dances.

5. some time一段时间It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间sometime 在某个时候I hope to visit the USA sometime in the future

some times名词词组，“几次，几倍” Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer. sometime s有时（一般现在时的标志词）

【口诀】：分开是一段，合起是某时；分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时

(1)I’ll stay here for _______________．(2) Kate will be back _______________ in February．

(2)Our school is _______________ larger than theirs．

(3)Joan goes to school on foot,but_______________ by bike．

(5) l will go to beijing _______________ next mouth

(6) l have been here for _______________ (7) l _______________ gets up at seven

6. ①be made of …“ 被用……制成” (看得出原材料) The table is made of wood

② be made from “ 被用……制成” (看不出原材料) The bread is made from wheat.

③be made into + 成品“ 被制成……”

④be made in + 地点“在哪里制造”made in china

7. wear/ put on/dress/ in辨析：

wear 接服饰强调穿的状态wear+衣服=be in +衣服dress + 反身代词dress oneself put on接衣服强调穿的动作put on+ 衣in +颜色“穿...颜色的衣服”