世界上最难翻译的二十个词

世界上最难翻译的二十个词
世界上最难翻译的二十个词

https://www.360docs.net/doc/e916930829.html,

2011年06月14日 16:02 中国日报网-英语点津

1. Toska

Russian –Vladmir Nabokov describes it best: “No single word in English renders all the shades of toska. At its deepest and most painful, it is a sensation of great spiritual anguish, often without any specific cause. At less morbid levels it is a dull ache of the soul, a longing with nothing to long for, a sick pining, a vague restlessness, mental throes, yearning. In particular cases it may be the desire for somebody of something specific, nostalgia, love-sickness. At the lowest level it grades into ennui, boredom。”

俄语,作家弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫对这个词的描述是:“英语中没有哪个词能精确表达toska的含义,这个词表达了一种深刻的精神上的痛楚,通常这痛楚是无由来的。它也可以表达程度比较轻的、灵魂的隐痛,一种没有思慕对象的渴求、一种忧愁的思念,一种微弱的忧虑不安感、精神上的剧痛、渴望。在某些特定情况下这个词可以表达对特定对象的渴求,比如乡愁、相思。这个词程度最轻的含义是无聊、烦闷。”

小编注:……以后不说什么忧伤了,说toska

2. Mamihlapinatapei

Yagan (indigenous language of Tierra del Fuego) –“the wordless, yet meaningful look shared by two people who both desire to initiate someth ing but are both reluctant to start”

火地岛的一种土语,意为:两个同样抱有做某件事的决心但都不愿着手行动的人彼此间交换的一种无言而意味深长的眼神。

小编注:其实就是考试前想要好好背单词复习的两个人一起进行最后的思想斗争……

3. Jayus

Indonesian –“A joke so poorly told and so unfunny that one cannot help but laugh”

印尼语:一个拙劣的笑话,太搓了以至于听者都觉得很好笑。

小编注:……其实就是冷笑话吧……好冷!

4. Iktsuarpok

Inuit –“To go outside to check if anyone is coming。”

因纽特语:出去看看是不是有人来了。

小编注:精炼啊!

5. Litost

Czech –Milan Kundera, author of The Unbearable Lightness of Being, remarked that “As for the meaning of this wor d, I have looked in vain in other languages for an equivalent, though I find it difficult to imagine how anyone can understand the human soul without it。” The closest definition is a state of agony and torment created by the sudden sight of one’s own misery。

捷克语:米兰昆德拉说,这个词“其他语言中都无法找到对应的词语,我认为不懂得这个词语的含义的人,也就不懂得灵魂。” 最接近这个词义的解释是:一种因突然明了自身的困境而产生的痛苦感。

小编注:“了悟”说的是这个么0. 0

6. Kyoikumama

Japanese –“A mother who relentlessly pushes her children toward academic achievement”

日语:一个无情无义逼迫自己孩子学业有成的母亲

小编注:虎妈,解释完毕。

7. Tartle

Scottish –The act of hestitating while introducing someone because you’ve forgotten their name。

苏格兰语:介绍某人的时候因为忘记他的名字而犹豫的情形。

小编注:苏格兰人记性是有多差……

8. Ilunga

Tshiluba (Southwest Congo) – A word famous for its untranslatability, most professional translators pinpoint it as the stature of a person “who is ready to forgive and forget any first abuse, tolerate it the second time, but never forgive nor tolerate on the third offense。”

刚果西南部的奇卢伯语:以无法翻译著称,许多翻译大师都将这个词解释为:一个第一次受辱可以忘记、第二次可以原谅、但第三次就绝不容忍的人的思想境界。

小编注:刚果人民有君子风范!上海话中有对应表达:过一过二不过三~~

9. Prozvonit

Czech – This word means to call a mobile phone and let it ring once so that the other person will call back, saving the first caller money. In Spanish, the phrase for this is “Dar un toque,” or, “To give a touch。”

捷克语:这个词表示打某人手机,响铃一次就挂断,好让那个人再打回来,这样第一个打电话的人可以省钱。这个词在西班牙语中是Dar un toque,字面对应英语是To give a touch

小编注:你们考虑考虑要掏电话费的那个人的心情……

10. Cafuné

Brazilian Portuguese –“The act of tenderly running one’s fingers through someone’s hair。”

巴西葡萄牙语:温柔地用手抚摸一个人的头发

小编注:穿过你的黑发我的手……

翻译的形式和类型

翻译的形式和类型(同声传译篇) 翻译包括口译(interpretation) 和笔译(translation) ,是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动,并且决不能脱离原文内涵而进行硬译、死译,必须要做到译文的忠实、通顺。翻译要做到“ 译成之文,适如其所译” ,并要尽可能地达到“ 信、达、雅” 的境界。除了人可以从事翻译活动外,人还可操纵机器从事翻译活动。不过目前看来,机器翻译还不尽人意。 口译的形式和类型:交替传译(consecutive interpreting) 、咬耳朵(whispering) 和同声传译(simultaneous interpreting) 。 同声传译(simultaneous interpreting ),又称同步翻译、同声翻译、会议翻译,简称同传;交替传译(consecutive interpreting ),又称连续翻译,简称交传。 同声传译 同传,顾名思义,即基本同步地实现对讲话者发言的口译,多用于国际会议、专业研讨会等场合。同传的形式:译员通过专用的传译设备提供即时口头翻译,即译员通过话筒讲话,听众通过耳机接收,这种翻译形式可同时有几种语言,如联合国大会就有六种语言的同声传译。鉴于同传有一定的技巧性要求,专门的培训和大量的练习都不可或缺。 同声传译最早始于1919 年的巴黎和会。在巴黎和会上开始借助英、法两种语言的翻译进行谈判,其中一部分谈判采用了同声传译,这也意味着同声传译作为一种专业开始形成。后来,二战后的纽伦堡军事审判法庭(1945-1946 ),同声传译第一次得到相当大规模的采用来审判纳粹战犯,效果不错。于是在1946 年的联合国会议上开始正式采用同传,结果使会议的时间缩短了一大半,经费也相应的减少了许多。中国是在1952 年在北京召开的亚洲地区和平会议上首次使用,时至今日也不过是40 年的发展历程。 同声传译时间效率高,有利于听众对发言全文的理解。因为听众不必像听交传那样,思绪不时被翻译的介入而打乱,时间也会节省近一半。

完整20篇初中英语小短文带翻译

1 Dogs People often say that a dog is man's best friend. Over thousands of years, man has taught his dogs to do many kinds of work besides guarding the home. For example, sheepdogs are famous for their ability to control a flock of hundreds of sheep. Dogs have been used to aid disabled people for centuries. A guide dog can lead its blind owner. Nowadays, dogs can be taught to turn on light switches, open refrigerator doors and dial the telephone for their disabled owners. For the majority of people, however, dogs are simply pets and friends for both young and old members of the family. guard 看守,看护sheepdog 牧羊犬flock 群aid 帮助 disabled 残疾人century 世纪guide dog 导盲犬dial 拨majority 大多数 狗 人们总是说狗是人类最好的朋友.几千年来,除了看家外,人类还教会了狗去做许多其他的事,例如,牧羊犬就因其可以控制数百只羊的羊群而出名. 狗用来帮助残疾人已有好几个世纪了.导盲犬可以为盲主人引路.现在,人们还教狗为残疾主人打 开电灯、开冰箱和拨电话.然而,对于大多数人来说,狗只是家里老人和孩子们的宠物和朋友. 2 Detective Work A bank robber stole a lot of money. He was caught and sent to prison, but the money was never found. When he came out of prison, they watched him to see what he would do. Here is the detective, reporting to the inspector. Yes, sir, I found Johnny . I followed him all around the town, but frankly, I couldn't make anything out of what he bought. Here's the list. shirt , heavy crowbar, box of chocolates , shovel, heavy hammer, bunch of flowers .The inspector said, Good. That helps me a lot. Do you remember how we watched him helping his neighbor, old Mrs. Judson to cover her backyard with cement? detective 侦探的侦探robber 强盗,盗贼prison 监狱 inspector 检察官frankly 坦白地,真诚地crowbar 铁撬,撬棒 shovel 铲,铁铲hammer 铁锤,锤子backyard 后院cement 水泥 侦探工作 一个盗贼从银行偷了很多钱.他被抓住送到监狱,但是钱没找到. 我发现了,先生,是的“侦探正向检察官报告:,这不.看他会做什么,他被监视,当他从监狱出来时.强尼?阿米塔基,我跟着他转遍了全镇,但坦白说,我不能从他买的东西中推断出什么.这里是清单.”衬衫、大铁撬、一盒巧克力铁铲、大铁锤、一束花. 检察官说:“好,这对我很有帮助.你还记得我们看到他是怎么帮他的邻居,贾德森老太太用水泥铺院子的吗?” 3 What is Time? (Nursery Rhyme) Time is grain for peasants. Time is wealth for workers.

古诗词的英文翻译

古诗词翻译 Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi,were lacking in literary grace; and Tang Taizong and Song Taizu,had little poetry in their souls;that proud son of Heaven,Genghis Khan,knew only shooting eagles, bow outstretched. All are past and gone!For truly great men,look to this age alone."snow"-Mao Zedong 惜秦皇汉武,略输文采;唐宗宋祖;稍逊风骚;一代天骄,成吉思汗,只识弯弓射大雕。具往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝。《沁园春·雪》-毛泽东 Withered vine and an old tree with a crow at dusk.Tiny bridge and a family aside a flowing river.Ancient path and a poor horse in the west wind.A heartbroken man is walking towards the westering sun to the skyline. "Autumn Thoughts"-Ma Zhiyuan 枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马.夕阳西下,断肠人在天涯.《秋思》-马致远 Oh, how can I gravely bow and scrape to men of high rank and men of high office . Who never will suffer being shown an honest-hearted face! 安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜! And the sunlight clasps the earth, and the moonbeams kiss the sea;What are all these kissings worth, if thou kiss not me? 阳光搂抱着大地,月光轻吻着海波;这般的柔情有什么意义,如果你不吻我? Up and down the main streets, I must have run— A thousand times or more in quest of one, Who I have concluded, cannot be found; For, everywhere, no trace of her can be seen, When, all of a sudden, I turned about, That's her, where lanterns are few and far between. 众里寻他千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处。

英文古诗词

1.无题(李商隐) 昨夜星辰昨夜风,画楼西畔桂堂东。 身无彩凤双飞翼,心有灵犀一点通。 隔座送钩春酒暖,分曹射覆蜡灯红。 嗟余听鼓应官去,走马兰台类转蓬。 For the stars, for the wind, last night we met East of cassia hall, west of bower of art. We have no wings to fly side by side. Yet One sharp arrow wounded yours and my heart. Warmer than spring wine, you hint how to bet. Burning like candle fire, I guessed truly smart. Alas, called morning drums. Stumbling on street, To duty at Royal Library, was this torn sheet. 2.观沧海(曹操) 东临碣石,以观沧海。水何澹澹,山岛竦峙。 树木丛生,百草丰茂。秋风萧瑟,洪波涌起。 日月之行,若出其中;星汉灿烂,若出其里。 幸甚至哉~歌以咏志。 The Sea I come to view the boundless ocean From Stony Hill on eastern shore. Its water rolls in rhythmic motion, And islands stand amid its roar.Tree on tree grows from peak to peak;Grass on grass looks lush far and nigh.The autumn wind blows drear and bleak; The monstrous billows surge up high.The sun by day, the moon by night Appear to rise up from the deep. The Milky Way with stars so bright Sinks down into the sea in sleep.How happy I feel at this sight! I croon this poem in delight. 3.关雎 关关雎鸠,在河之洲.窈窕淑女,君子好逑.参差荇菜,左右流之.窈窕淑女,妩媚求之.求之不得,妩媚思服.优哉游哉,辗转反侧.参差荇菜,左右采之.窈窕淑女,琴瑟友之.参差荇菜,左右毛之.窈窕淑女,钟鼓乐之. Cooing And Wooing

【英语】英语翻译试题类型及其解题技巧

【英语】英语翻译试题类型及其解题技巧 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play) 2.由于天气恶劣,航班延误了好几个小时。(owing) 3.每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) 4.能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It) 5.在展览会上,公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate) 【答案】 1.She began to play the violin five years ago. 2.Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours. 3.Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 4.It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games. 5.At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to. 【解析】 1.根据“五年前”确实时态,可知用一般过去时,注意短语play the violin。 【考点定位】考查动词时态、习语及表达能力。 2.根据提示词可知,由于译为:owing to ,此处to是介词。注意用被动语态,因为航班被推迟。 【考点定位】考查介词短语及被动语态。 3.此句希望(hope)是谓语动词,后接宾语从句。时态用一般现在时。 【考点定位】考查宾语从句及时态。 4.此句it是形式主语,whether引导主语从句,时态一般现在时。短语:抵御诱惑resist the temptation。 【考点定位】考查主语从句及形式主语it的用法。 5.注意句子结构的安排,“孩子们翘首以盼的”应译为定语从句。时态用一般过去时。 【考点定位】考查定语从句及相关短语的表达。 2.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 96.今年除夕你计划在哪里过?(plan) 97.下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。(than) 98.是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。(It) 99.那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。(No sooner) 100.无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever)

小学英语阅读短文【小学英语阅读小短文带翻译】

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