上海牛津版八年级上册英语Unit

Unit 6 Ancient stories 单词

?短语

?重点句型

1. I have not laughed like this since my childhood.

我从小就没有这样笑过。

2. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse. 到了午夜，除了这匹巨型木马之外，主广场空荡荡的。

3. They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.

他们一个个悄悄地从木马里爬出来。

4. Only a few people know about this information.

只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。

5. The Greek army entered the city.希腊军队进了城。

6. In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing

it through a clever trick.

然而，在一个晚上，他们采取了一个聪明的计谋

成功地攻下了特洛伊城。

课文翻译

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The Trojan horse

The capital stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The Greeks have gone and we’ve won,”he said. “They’ve tried to capture our city for ten years. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!”

“But look over there,” a soldier said. “They’ve left a huge wooden horse.”

“Ah, yes,”the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some help and pull it into the city.”

That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood,”the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.

By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the hugehorse. Suddenly a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse. The horse was full of Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.

The soldiers opened the main gates. The Greek army entered the city.

For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting. In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick .

特洛伊木马

首都矗立在特洛伊城的高墙上。“希腊人已经走了，我们赢了，”他说。“他们试图占领我们的城市十年。现在他们已经放弃并且远航了！”

“但是看看那边，”一个士兵说。“他们留下了一匹巨大的木马。”

“啊，是的，”首长说，“太大了。”希腊人不想把他们带走。帮忙把它拉进城市。”

那天晚上，在城市的主广场上，所有的特洛伊人都在庆祝。他们在马周围唱歌跳舞，取消愚蠢的希腊人。“我从小到现在没有这么笑过，”首长说。聚会结束后，他们锁上了所有的城门，然后都睡着了。

午夜时分，除了巨大的马，主广场是空的。突然，一个秘密门在木马的侧面打开了。那匹马满载希腊士兵！他们一个个地悄悄地从马上爬了出来。

士兵们打开了大门。希腊军队进城了。

十年来，希腊人无法通过战斗占领这座城市。然而，在一个晚上，他们成功地通过一个聪明的计谋攻下了它。

知识点解析

1. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!

现在他们已经放弃，并且驾船离开了！

give up “放弃，戒除”,后面加名词或者动词ing

例Don’t give up your dream.

You must give up smoking.

注意：give up的宾语如果是代词，必须置于give与up之间，不能放在give up之后。

2. The Greens didn’t want to take it with them.

希腊人不想带走它。

take sth. With sb. 某人随身携带某物

例You should take a pen and a notebook with you when you take part in a meeting.

3. Get some help and pull it into the city.帮忙把它拖进城里。

pull动词，“拖，拉”， pull ...into... “把......拉入/拖入“

pull out “把......从......拉出来”。pull的反义词为push（推）

例They are pulling the boat into the sea.

He pulled the boy out of the hole.

4. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Gre eks.

他们围着木马唱歌、跳舞，取笑愚蠢的希腊人。

(1) make jokes about sb./ sth. 拿某人/某物开玩笑

例 You shouldn’t make jokes about the poor girl.

have a joke with sb.与某人一起说笑话

play a joke on sb 戏弄某人=make fun of= laugh at

tell jokes 讲笑话

(2) Greek n 希腊人 adj 希腊的 Greece 希腊

5.By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.

(1)by此处作介词，表示时间，“到......时（为止），在......之前”

They were tired by evening. 他们到了晚上就很疲倦了。

Can you finish the work by tomorrow? 你能在明天以前完成工作吗？

by +Ving 通过...

例Match them with the correct countries by writing the letters in the brackets.

(2) empty此处作形容词，“空的”，反义词为full（满的）

empty还可以作动词，意为“倒空，使成为空的”，反义词为full（填满）例Let’s empty the glass. 让我们干杯。

(3) except for 除.......之外，只是

例The room is tidy except for the carpet.除地毯外，房间很干净。

辨析：except; except for; besides

(1) except “除...之外”表示“例外、排除”，表示排除的是同类事物或行为。例He gets up early every day except Sunday.除了星期天外，他每天都早起。

(2) except for “除......之外”，它后面的宾语一般为句子里所涉及的内容并非同类事物或行为

例The story is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.

除了几个拼写错误外，这个故事写得很好

(3) besides“除......之外还有”=in addition

例We all went swimming besides him.除了他以外，我们也都去游泳了。

6.The horse was full of Greek soldiers!

这只马里装满了希腊士兵！

(1) be full of= be filled with

例The glass is filled with milk.= The glass is full of milk.

(2) one by one 一个接着一个

step by step一步步

7.In one night, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.

在一夜之内，他们靠一个计谋成功地夺取了它。

(1) succeed in doing sth = do sth successfully成功地做了某事

(2) success 不可数名词“成功成就”

例 Both plans have been tried without success.两个计划都已试过，但未获成功

可数名词“成功的人或事”

例The plan was a great success.这项计划极为成功。

(3) successful adj 成功的

例a successful teacher 一个成功的老师

8. My dream is to be a soldier.

我的梦想是成为一名士兵。

动词不定式短语to be a soldier 在句中作表语。

My dream is to be a writer.

【拓展】动词不定式（短语）作表语，一般表示动作还没有实现，而如果表示动作正在发生，则用动名词（短语）作表语。

例My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好是集邮。

该句时态不是现在进行时，而是一般现在时，其中collecting是动名词形式，collecting stamps在句中作表语。

9. The Greek army disappeared and left a wooden horse outside the city of Troy.希腊军队消失了，在特洛伊城外留下了一匹马。

leave 释义

(1) 遗留；留下I’ve left my umbrella on the bus. 我把伞忘在公交车上。

(2) 离开When did you leave London? 你什么时候离开伦敦的？

(3) leave for 到......地方去I’m leaving for Beijing next month.下个月我要去北京。

11.重点语法---现在完成时

一) 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)

二) 句型：

否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.

一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.

简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)

No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)

三) 用法

（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)

My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)

（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.

①for+时段

②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）

③since+时段+ago

④since+从句（过去时）

⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）