开-闭环结合控制方式的定日镜跟踪控制策略

第39卷第9期2018年9月自 动 化 仪 表PROCESS AUTOMATION INSTRUMENTATION Vol．39No．9Sep.2018

收稿日期:2018-01-11

基金项目:国家电网公司科技基金资助项目(SGGSKY00FJJS1600146)

作者简介:郝晓弘(1960 ),男,硕士,教授,主要从事可再生能源发电技术的研究,E-mail:565865288@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e96652273.html, 开-闭环结合控制方式的定日镜跟踪控制策略

郝晓弘1,郭铁锷1,汪宁渤2,丁 坤2

(1.兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730050;2.甘肃电力公司风电技术中心,甘肃兰州730050)摘 要:塔式太阳能电站定日镜场通常采用开环控制方式三该控制方式具有跟踪精度低二无法消除累积误差等缺点三为克服以上缺点二提高太阳能利用效率,提出了开-闭环结合的定日镜控制方式三针对该控制方式,设计了复合式控制策略;针对开环的快速控制和开/闭环两种模式之间的快速无扰切换要求,设计了快速通信协议,实现了定日镜的开环高速定位;针对定日镜的高精度闭环跟踪要求,设计了相应的光电传感器,并对定日镜闭环运行时的跟踪精度进行了理论分析三经测试表明,该跟踪控制方法反应速度快二跟踪精度高二运行稳定,实现了定日镜的实时高精度稳定跟踪三该策略的开环控制精度优于3.5mrad,闭环跟踪精度优于1mrad,具有很高的推广应用价值三

关键词:太阳能热发电;定日镜;跟踪技术;开-闭环结合控制;复合式控制策略

中图分类号:TH702;TP29 文献标志码:A DOI:10.16086/https://www.360docs.net/doc/e96652273.html,ki.issn1000-0380.2018010037

Tracking and Controlling Strategy of Heliostat Based on Open-Closed-Loop Control Mode

HAO Xiaohong 1,GUO Tiee 1,WANG Ningbo 2,DING Kun 2

(1.College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;2.Wind Power Technology Center,Gansu Electric Power Corporation,Lanzhou 730050,China)Abstract :The open loop control mode is usually adopted in heliostat field of tower solar power stations.This control mode has disadvantages of low tracking accuracy and inability to eliminate accumulated errors.In order to overcome these demerits and improve the solar energy utilization efficiency,an open-closed-loop composite heliostat control method is proposed,and corresponding control strategy is designed.In accordance with the requirements of open loop fast control,and the rapid bumpless switching between open and closed modes,the corresponding photoelectric sensor is designed,and the theoretical analysis of the tracking accuracy of the heliostat closed-loop operation is performed.The experiments show that this tracking and controlling method offers the rapid responding speed,high tracking accuracy and steady running.The real-time high accuracy of stable tracking is achieved,the open loop control precision is better than 3.5mrad,the closed loop control precision is better than 1mrad,it has the high popularization and application values.

Keywords :Solar thermal power generation;Heliostat;Tracking technology;Open-closed-loop control;Composite control strategy 0 引言

定日镜是塔式光热电站中用于收集太阳能并将其

聚集到吸热器的装置三其在电站中数量较多二占据场

地较大三其控制方式二跟踪精度和稳定性等性能的优

劣,将直接影响电站的运行效率三

常见的定日镜跟踪控制方式有开环控制和闭环控制两种[1]三国外已建塔式电站大多采用开环控制方式三开环控制(即程序控制)具有跟踪快速二适用于大型镜场集中调度方便的优点,其缺点是控制算法复杂二存在累积误差[2-5]且较难校正三闭环控制(即传感器控制)通过光电传感器检测定日镜与太阳光线的相对位置,根据偏差控制执行机构运动,从而达到精准聚集太阳光的目的[1,6-8]三这类控制可有效万方数据